Transcript
[email protected] 601 Being on the council, he charms his way into
* i rådet
the leading `circles and the charmed `circle.
* førende kredse
Pushing himself forward, the young politician charms his way up the social ladder.
* charmere sig vej ind i ngt. * inderkredsen
* bane sig vej frem * charmere sig vej
Most politicians are well intentioned.
* velmenende
They are full of good intentions, and go into politics
* fuld af gode hensigter
with the best (of) intentions but they rarely work out. Even if their original intentions are good,
* op ad den sociale rangstige
* gå ind i politik
* med de bedste …
* blive til virkelighed
* oprindelig …
they often run their head against a brick `wall.
* støde / løbe panden mod en mur
10 Up against a brick wall, many well-intentioned politi>
* oppe imod en umulig opgave
cians find themselves compelled to keep their statements
* føle sig nødsaget / tvunget til
intentionally vague.
* tilsigtet
Back-`bench rebellion (U) is a lurking danger.
* fra de bageste rækker
* oprør
Simmering back-bench revolt (U) is a lurking danger to
* slumrende
* =
all front-`benchers.
* velmenende
* svag bevidst * lurende fare * … for
* politiker på forreste række i parlamentet dem i første række
The back-benchers regard the front-benchers’ proposals as a ruthless betrayal of their election pledges. The back-benchers are in revolt over the front-benchers’
* … på bageste … * skånselsløs
* svigt
authoritarian, top-`down management system.
* autoritær
20 Rebelling against the front-benchers’ mana`gerial style
* gøre oprør mod
the back-benchers revolt against their proposals
* =
and their high-`handed management style.
* topstyret
The party leader faces a revolt by back-benchers.
egenmægtig * overveje pønse på * =
Facing a rebellion against his authoritarian leadership
* oprør mod
The back-benchers meditate a back-bench rebellion.
* topstyring * ledelsesstil
* << * oprør
* autoritære
the leader faces a revolt against his top-down approach
* =
to de`cision-making.
* beslutningstagning
Having mediated between members inside and outside
* fra toppen og nedefter
* tilgang
* mægle mellem ng.
the charmed `circle, the young politician successfully
* den eksklusive kreds / klike
30 mediates a settlement.
* inderkredsen
This achievement definitely highlights his talent.
* sætte fokus på
Having done a lot of effort to achieve / attain recognition
* opnå anerkendelse
the young politician eventually gains / obtains / wins
* få / vinde >
wide recognition for his energy and enthusiasm.
* bred / udbredt >
He should go `far / along.
* løfte
ubarmhjertig * i oprør over
* komme langt
* formidle
* forlig bilæggelse
* anerkendelse
602 The young politician is on track.
* på rette spor
Having wide appeal, he’s on track for fame and success.
* & være vellidt
Such talent is a fast-track route to advancement.
* hurtig vej til
It’s a fast track to promotion.
* =
‘ With a talent like his, the sky’s the limit,’ it’s said.
* ~ er mulighederne uendelige
The young politician is brought / pushed / thrust into
* bringe i
the limelight; coming into / being in the limelight,
* rampelyset
he is on the `fast track to fame and success.
* hurtigt på vej til
Confidence exudes from him.
* … mod
* komme / være i … blive / være kendt
* stråle ud af
10 Exuding confidence, the well-`meaning the politician
* udstråle
goes to `town.
* gå til opgaven fuld af energi og enthusiasme
* velmenende
og ofte bruge mange penge
Suddenly having a lot of money in his pockets
* have mange penge mellem hænderne
he goes to town on well-in`tentioned attempts to be helpful. * << på As the plot unfolds the cinemagoer soon has, however,
* velment …
* handling
* folde sig ud
a premonition / presentiment that the young politician
* forudanelse om at
is ( getting ) on a / the slippery `slope.
* ud (-e ) på et skråplan
The cinemagoer has a premonition / presentiment of rise and fall.
* få / have >
* fornemmelse af * opgang og nedgang storhed og fald
Having a sneaky weakness for the bright `lights,
* hemmelig
* svaghed
20 especially the nightlife at fashionable clubs and parties,
skjult * natteliv
the politician is seldom reluctant to go out on the `town.
* modvillig overfor at
Seldom unsympathetic to a night on the `town, the politician turns into a man about `town.
* gå en tur i byen
* afvisende overfor ngt. * levemand i bylivet
Having a sneaking affection for fast cars and fast women, * hemmelig * lidenskab the fast-track politician soon becomes addicted to
passion * fremadstormende
life in the` fast lane.
* livet i overhalingdbanen
Having sky-`high confidence in himself he more and more seems to think that the world revolves around him. As it happens, he sadly developes a one-track `mind 30 detrimental to his judgement. No more alive to effects beneficial for his own good –
* storbylivet
* hurtig … * letlevende …
* skyhøj * hele verden drejer sig om * som det nu kan ske
* trist nok
* ( blive ) ensporet
* skadelig for
* dømmekraft
* opmærksom på * virkning * fordelagtig for
effects beneficial to his reputation and career
* … for
in the long view – he is sorely tempted
* på langt sigt
by short-term advantages.
* kortsigtet
* blive>
* alvorligt
* eget bedste
* fristet
603 This politician takes full advantage of his high status to
* fremadstormende
* benytte sig af udnytte at * luksuriøs
stay at luxury hotels, and be carried around in luxurious cars * luksus [ lûk$êri ]
[ lûg`§uêriês ]
with tinted windows. He’s often seen accompanied by a couple of heavies in dark suits, wearing dark `glasses.
* tonet * body-builder type * mørk
* jakkesæt
* solbriller
Men from the `heavy mob / brigade (E / E) are prepared to * hoben af tunge drenge give anybody a real going `over. They wear sunglasses even if the sun doesn’t shine
* omgang ( bank ) * solbriller
and there’s no bright light.
* skinnende / strålende …
10 Trading on his abilities, he is a fast `worker.
* udnytte
As regards ladies, he can get what he wants very quickly
* =
* person, der er hurtig til at opnå sine mål
* hvad angår
especially as to start a sexual relationship and get a quickie. * hvad angår As regards a scheme to get rich quick(ly), he never refuses a chance to make a fast / quick buck. The plot `thickens as the politician, well-intentioned
* hurtigt knald
* = * tjene hurtige penge * handlingen fortættes, bliver mere og mere indviklet mystikken breder sig
so far, fails to resist temptation (U); he cannot resist
* ikke formå at
the temptation to exploit his talent as a fast `talker;
* fristelsen til at
* modstå
* fristelse * hurtigsnakker
he talks quickly and easily but is often not honest or sincere. * tale hurtigt og ubesværet He feels a thirst for power and wealth.
* føle trang til ngt.
20 Thirsting for succes, power and wealth,
* tørste efter
the idealist turns into a power-hungry oppor`tunist.
* idealist
Hungry / thirsty for success, power, and wealth, he
* mægtbegærlig
* =
* sulten / tørstig / begærlig efter
eventually gives way to the temptation to pull a `fast one,
* falde / give efter for fristelsen til at * lave fup / numre
and take advantage of people who ask for it.
* udnytte
Succumbing to the temptation to pull a fast one on
* <<
naive soldiers of fortume, the oppor`tunist politician
* lykkeridder
yields to the temptation to take everybody for a ride.
* <<<<
In this part of the film the action is fast and `furious;
*
30 changes.
*
dodgy business. The parasites tempt the opportu`nistic politician into making money by dodgy methods.
* bedrage / fuppe / tage ng. ved næsen * opportunistisk * tage fusen på bedrage / fuppe
* hurtig og afsindig
everything is happening very quickly with a lot of sudden
Parasites, sponging on the politician, tempt him into
* byde sig til
* parasit
* snylte / nasse på
* friste ng. til ngt.
snylter * lusket
* friste ng. >
* opportunistisk
* til at -
* lusket
The money-grubbing politician is sorely tempted to make * pengebegærlig / -grisk * alvorligt * friste ng. til at money dishonestly.
*
604 Spongers who freeload unscrupulously
* nasser
put temptation in his way by offering him
* udsætte ng. for fristelse
their expertise and unreserved support and back-up.
* ekspertise
* nasse
* uforbeholden
* skrupelløst
* støtte
It’s a tempting offer.
* fristende
It’s tempting to think of all the money.
* … at -
He can’t resist the temptation of easy profit.
* modstå >
An easy profit is soon an irresistable temptation to him.
* ( uimodståelig ) fristelse for ng.
As the dodgy freeloaders know all the dodges,
* lusket
the money-grubber is tempted to make big money.
* fristelsen ved ngt.
* nasser
* friste ng. til at gøre ngt.
10 The politician invests in dodgy businesses as a tax dodge.* dristig As a tax dodger, he gets involved in whatever dodgy to dodge / avoid / evade paying taxes.
* … unddrager
* det må beklages / ærgre at
A politician ought to be incorruptible.
* uimodtagelig for …
As they say power corrupts, so the politician is regretably
* korrumpere
Tempting `fate / `providence, the corrupted politician turns into a corrupt politician who accepts bribes. Succumbing to the corrupting effects of wealth and power,
20 he accepts all kinds of corrupt practices.
* korrumperet * korrupt
* <<
Having a conversation with his wife, it soon erupted into
* bryde ud i * skænderi
They soon squabbled all the time.
* skændes
Usually squabbling with each other about their marriage,
* med ng.
Petty squabbles erupted into bitter squabbles between the parents. As their marriage was soon distinctly dodgy,
* skatteunddragelse * lusket
* åben for korruption
* friste skæbnen * bestikkelse
* korrumperende
* skilt
they squabbled over what to do about it.
* store / mange penge
* =
He is married and divorced in quick / rapid succession.
a squabble: squabbles over everything.
* krumspring
* komme uden om / undgå at
It is to be regretted that some politicians are corruptible.
corrupted by power and ambition.
* opbakning
* handlemåde metode * i hurtig rækkefølge hurtigt efter hinanden
* & mundhuggerier
* … om
* = * ubetydelig …
* bitter …
* * dårligt fungerende vaklende
30 the spouses / married couple were persuaded to go to
* gå til
marriage guidance counselling.
* ægteskabsrådgivning
So they went to see a marriage guidance counsellor.
* <<
His wife leaves the counselling after a brief meeting.
* kort (-varig)
In brief, the meeting was a disaster.
* i korthed kort fortalt
* ægteskabsrådgiver
[email protected] 605 Referring to his grubby affairs, his wife wants to
* beskidt
* affære
have a quick divorce.
snusket * hurtig
* skilsmisse
Nothing could tempt her to live with him any longer.
* friste ng. til
Dodging the crucial questions, the politician simply
* vige uden om
dodged the issue. Counselling a divorce, the counsellor counseled him to accept a divorce. ‘ I bet she can’t wait to get her grubby hands / paws /
* beskidte hænder / poter /
10 Divorced men easily become disconnected from
( sl. for vante ) * adskilt fra
their children.
*
He only makes half-`hearted attemts to be on track ( for a normal life ). Just half-heartedly trying to get his life back on `track, he is bound to lose the battle. Due to allegations of bribery and corruption, the politician is increasingly being sidelined.
* råde ng. til at
*
* næver
joint custody of his son.
* det sagen drejer sig om
* råde tll ngt.
mitts on my money,’ the unfaithful husband erupts.
He faces a long-running legal battle, a battle for
* spørgsmål
undvige * …
~ lade sine beskidte grabber få tag i
* retsligt slagsmål * fælles / delt forældremyndighed * halvhjertet
* være på rette vej
* til ngt. * få ngt. tilbage på sporet * tabe slaget * bestikkelse
* korruption
* i stadig højere grad
mere og mere 20 So he starts to lead a fast life with the bo`hemian crowd. * leve et udsvævende liv [ ou ] A bohemian is a person who lives in a very informal way * boheme
without following accepted rules of behaviour. Leading a bohemian existence and lifestyle, the politician is tempted to smoke and take drugs. The bohemian politician smokes hash / joints every day and drink booze whenever he sees his chance to have a quick drink; there always time for a quick one.
* kamp for
* kørt ud på et sidespor * boheme-
* flok klike
* * leve …
* boheme-
* tilværelse
* * boheme-
* marihuannacigaret
* sprut
* se sit snit til at *…
* hurtig drink
A joint or spliff (E) is a cigarette containing cannabis:
* =
marihuanna, pot or hash – made from the hemp plant.
* =
* = * =
* =
* hamp plante
30 Leading a double `life, he is soon heavily (E) into drugs. * leve et dobbeltliv * alvorligt involveret i brug af narko Living a life heavy (A) into drugs, he has to pull a fast one. * = The politician is playing fast and `lose.
* opføre sig letsindigt / respektløst
Playing fast and loose with money, not only of his own,
* omgås … med
as well as playing fast and loose with the law,
*
he is going off the `rails.
* køre af sporet
=
Eventually, a judge issues a summons against him.
* stævning
He receives a summons (A&: citation) to appear in court
* & indkaldelse
as soon as the police are able to serve the summons on him. * aflevere, overbringe forkynde
* lave numre
606 The politician is summon(s)ed to appear in court,
* tilkalde / indstævne til
summon(s)ed / cited for drunk(en) driving / drink-driving (E) . * … for He is cited in court for speeding and drunk-driving raps (A) * nævne i retten Although he denies the charges and plead not guilty
* afvise anklagen
with an air of outraged dignity / pride, there is no way
* krænket
to beat / of beating / he can beat the rap (A).
* slippe for straf / dom
The police keep a rap sheet (A), a list of his criminal activities. Unsympathetic to(wards) everybody in his surroundings,
* beskyldning tiltale, dom * nægte sig skyldig
* værdighed
* stolthed
* synderegister * * usympatisk / følelseskold overfor
10 the politician is playing fast and loose even with
* opføre sig uansvarligt overfor
old friends and acquaintances.
* gamle venner
Unsympathetically pulling a `fast one, even on people
* bekendt
* på usympatisk vis
* lave numre med
who have supported him through thick and `thin,
* gennem tykt og tyndt
he is cutting off the branch he is sitting on.
* save den gren over man selv sidder på
No wonder his old friends cold-`shoulder him.
* give ng. den kolde skulder
Having given him the cold `shoulder, one by one,
* give ng. den kolde skulder
all his political friends leave him out in the `cold. Having disconnected from his feelings, his family
* lade ng. ude i kulden * afbryde kontakten / forbindelsen med
and friends, the politician, well-respected and promising
*
20 at one time, is about to land in the ditch.
* engang
He lands up in serious debt.
* havne i
Newspapers link his name with shady deals
* forbinde ngt. med
and shady unsympathetic characters.
* måde
* =
A scandal is erupting.
* bryde ud
It’s a grubby affair and a grubby scandal.
* beskidt, lurvet
Upset at the grubbiness of the scandal, people are
* hvor beskidt ngt. er
* ende i ( mudder-) grøften
* lyssky
* aftale, forretning handel * usympatisk * karakter utiltalende type
tarvelig, snusket
shocked at the grubby details of his doings.
* beskidt
Some people thirst to be in the bublic `eye.
* tørste efter at
Probably in order to get into / appear in the limelight
* komme i rampelyset
30 some of the politician’s rejected lovers go to the press
* afvist
with accusations of sexual `harassment (A& ha`rassment).
forsmået * sexchikane
The failed politician denies reports linking him to illegal arrangements and dishonest people.
* gå til pressen
* forbinde ng. til *
‘ Stay away from him, he’s bad news,’ people warn.
* dårligt bekendtskab
His career is, to / for (A) all intents and purposes, over.
* i bund og grund
Many regret his prostituting his talent.
* prostituere ngt.
He has been his prostituting himself by running after
* … sig
easy satisfaction.
* være i offentlighedens søgelys
* letkøbt
* løbe efter jage, jagte * tilfredsstillelse
607 As the last remnants / remains of common decency are * sidste rest fast disappearing, a bad and sad end seems fast appearing. * hurtigt forsvindende Having to scrounge for money and food,
* nasse sig til
the shabby and down-to-heel scrounger only just manage
* lurver
to scrounge some money off people in the streets,
* nasse ngt. af ng.
and scrounge some food from merciful shopkeepers.
* =
Being on the scrounge (E), he spends all his time scrounging around (A). He scrounge around for booze and drugs.
* … blive synlig
* forhutlet
* nasser
* leve på nas * nasse rundt omkring * … efter
10 Much crime is directly and closely related to drug abuse. * forbundet med and much drug abuse is strongly related to crime.
* stærkt …
This relatedness is (a) catch-22; it’s a catch-22 situation. * forbundethed A drug addict can’t get a job because he is a criminal,
*
and he is a criminal drug addict because he can’t get a job.
*
The failed politician struggles with drug-related problems and suffers from drug-related illnesses. Side effects in drug addicts from a mixture of unprescribed drugs appears with increasing frequency. Addicts often behave as being mentally deficient. 20 He suffers from memory loss related to drug abuse.
* -relateret * = * bivirkning * ikke lægeordineret
* tilbagestående
* hukommelsestab
* forbundet med
* usammenhængende
Marked by unrelated images, thoughts, and ideas
* =
Mental as well as physical deleterious effects
* hyppighed
* som om ng. er
He is haunted by disconnected images and thoughts.
he feels disconnected from the world around him.
* uløseligt dilemma
* afskåret fra * ødelæggende
connected with drug abuse seem to extinguish every hope
* i forbindelse med
of a way out of the morass / quagmire.
* morads
He has ruined a promising career.
* spolere
Eventually he realizes that his life is in ruins.
* ligge i ruiner
Stuck in a morass / quagmire of abuse, lies and deceit,
* … af
* slukke tilintetgøre * hængedynd
20 he sees no other way out than to overdose (on heroin) – * ikke se nogen anden udvej * overdosere ( med ngt.) than to take an overdose and lapse into unconsciousness. Absorbed in preparations to commit suicide. he forgets all about putting `out his cigarette.
* tage en overdosis
* glide ind i
* begå selvmål * slukke
So the lighted cigarette sets a paper alight.
* tændt
Before he realizes the fire, a curtain catches alight.
* bryde i brand
* sætte ngt. i brand
608 Scared to death by the thought of burning to death,
*
he manages to summon (up) / collect his last strenght.
* opbyde
Exerting all his strenght, he succeeds in putting the fire out.* = Having seen his whole life passing in review, he changes his mind on the spot about committing suicide. Having seen the light, a new and different kind of human being is born.
* se hele sit liv passere revy * på stedet * se lyset * født
He gives himself up to the police.
* melde sig til politiet
Having turned himself in to the police, he confesses to
* =
10 all his crimes.
* med ngt. for øje
He gets off with a lenient sentence.
* slippe med
Althought the prison is a most deficient social service’
* mangelfuld
He manages to recover from his abuse and get through his term of imprisonment on top of the situation. He retires to a place off the beaten `track / path
* tilstå
*
He denies possession of drug with intent to supply.
he fights his way out of the curse of drug addiction.
* slukke
* kæmpe sig vej ud af * komme sig
* forbandelse * blive helbreds for
* fængselsperiode / -ophold
* ude af rampelyset
and give himself pause for thought.
* give ng. en tænkepause
20 Having laid all his bad habits behind him,
* lægge ngt. bag sig
he gets back on the `rails.
* komme tilbage på rette spor
the outdoors. Simply dressed, enjoying the great outdoors, he rides his bike along the cart tracks. He intends to make a fresh start with the intention of
* relativ
* det storslåede udendørsliv * hjulspor * have i sinde at * begynde på en frisk * i den hensigt at * genoptage
he used to fight for.
* * have i sinde at
30 When the camera tracks in and finally tracks out,
* køre ind / ud
the cameramen move the camera towards the scene
* hen imod
and finally away from the scene.
* væk fra
The film is based on real-life events / incidents.
* fra det virkelige liv
The film has a third-person om`niscient narrator
* alvidende
who tells part of the story. The dramatical unities, the unity of time, place, and action is thrown completely out of joint towards the end of the film.
* finde behag i nyde
* udendørslivet væk fra byen
taking up again / resuming the fight for the things
He definitely intends resuming (E) fighting.
* med styr på …
* fjernt fra alfavej
to stay out of the limelight,
Living in relative comfort, he takes pleasure in
* misbrug
* * * ud af sammenhæng
* begivenhed hændelse
* særlig … episode
609 The film does anything but depicts the excesses (pl.)
* gøre alt andet end at
with a light touch.
det er synd at sige at * forsigtigt
The film’s heavy use of special effects is remarkable.
* bastant brug af ngt.
Some films are heawyweights and heavy going
* i den tunge genre
while others are lightweights and easy-`going. Superficially / on the `surface, the film was rather light,
* krævende at komme igennem
* i den lette genre
* afslappet
* overfladisk set / på overfladen
but beneath the (bur`lesque) surface it was a film
* under overfladen
with a strong universal message about human nature
* almengyldig
in general and modern western lifestyle in particular.
* i al almindelighed
10 The film depicts people having two options all the time.
* skildre
It por`trays and delineates a motley crew of characters
* udskejelserne
* budskab * især i særdeleshed * have … valgmulighed
* skildre ngt. løseligt
who are given the option to do the right thing
* … ng. muligheden for at
(do what seems morally right to the viewer)
*
as well as the option of ( doing ) the wrong thing.
* <<
Even if the characters are making a lot of bad choices
* lettilgængelig / -fordøjelig * parodisk
* … i enkeltheder * det rigtige
* det forkerte
* træffe … valg
no character in the film is portrayed / depicted / pictured /
* skildre ngt. som
delineated as just good or bad.
*
The Arts Council gives grants to artistic film productions.
* kunstråd
* kunstnerisk
People who are intellectual lightweights often consider
* intellektuel
* letvægter
20 a heavyweight film to be a load of nonsense:
* sværvægter
a load of crap, a load of bull (
) lort
* bras makværk
‘ Get a load of this ! ‘ one of them requests.
* læg mærke til
‘ The film is likely to be a sleeper,’ he claims,
* ng. som får succes hen ad vejen
hør her
‘ It’ll turn out to be a great success – just you wait –
* vise sig at vare ( overraskende )
it'll prove (to be) a huge success and get bums on seats (E).’ * …
* få et stort publikum ( rumper på sæderne )
It will set the world alight / on fire and put bums on seats. * vække opsigt gøre sin indflydelse vældigt gældende
The politician is portrayed by an actor unknown `so far.
* hidtil
He will have his names in lights (pl.).
* være / blive berømt
30 His fans have fastened a nickname on him.
* fæstne
The director’s next film is eagerly awaited.
* være set ( ivrig ) frem til
It’s properly (well) worth waiting for.
* værd at vente på
* bare vent
BACK IN THE STREET 610 Many of the cinemagoers hurry `out to light `up. As soon as they are out in the well-lit street, they light `up a cigarette. Having walked through some darkened streets, the lads enter the red-`light district.
[email protected] * skynde sig ud for at
* tænde en smøg
* godt oplyst * tænde * gå / spadsere gennem
* hvor mørket er faldet på
* luderkvarter
One of the lads stop to have a quick look at a porn shop. * … kig The pornography shop sells a motley collection of
* porno forretning
* pornografi
* sælge
[ på~`någrêfi ]
* broget samling
forhandle * … artikel varetype * pornografi
pornographic magazines and movies and various sex items. * porno ( -grafisk) [ på~nê`grafik ]
Feeling a sence of moral outage at / over pornography,
* forargelse vrede
10 many people are morally outraged by the increasing
* forarget, oprørt
exposure of both soft and hard porn (por`nography).
* exponering, fremvisning
krænket
He gives the various daring objects a quick glance.
udstilling * ofre ngt.
The `sex shops sell various kinds of sex toys intended to
* …
titillate people and improve sex life. An inflatable dummy is wearing a pairs of sexy briefs. The porno magazines show titillating pictures of all kinds of sexual activity, sexual behaviour, and sexual desires. The porno mags present highly-sexed men and women who, seemingly, have an exceptional strong sexual drive.
* blød / hård porno
* dristigt voveligt
* … blik * -legetøj
* ophidse /
* -liv
pirre sexuelt * oppustelig
* attap, dukke mannequin * pornomagasin / -hæfte
* underbukser
* ophidsende pirrende * … opførsel * … ønske
* sexuel aktivitet * sexlysten * sexual drift
20 There are magazines for both straights ( heterosexuals) * ikke homeseksuel
* heteroseksuel
who have sex with members of the opposite sex as well as
* have / dyrke sex med
for homosexuals, gays and lesbians, who are men
* homoseksuel
and women, attracted to people of the same sex.
* af det samme køn
Besides showing men and women having coitus
* af det modsatte køn * bøsse
* lesbisk
* … samleje
in various positions, some magazines show a collection of
*
more or less odd, weird and bizarre sex games.
* mærkelig, mærkværdig * = * bizar, etc. * sexleg besynderlig, outreret
In the hard-`core magazines, a motley crowd of sexed-up * broget skare porn models, usually naturally gifted, excel at sex games. Excelling themselves (E), excelling in sexual ability,
* porno-
* fysisk veludrustet
* udmærke sig i
* … formåen
30 the models, often oddly, bizarrly and weirdly dressed,
* mærkeligt etc. <<<<
excel at / in performing all kinds of outrageous sex acts.
* excellere / brillere i at
Excelling as la`scivious and lustful sex maniacs, the models excel in sexual capacity, page after page. It’s pages and pages of fancy-titillating bogus lust. The magazines on display which show a picture of people
* sexuelt ophidset / udgejlet * excellere / brillere i
* udmærke sig som
* uhyrlig
* liderlig
* lysten
* excellere /
* … ydeevne
brillere i * = * fantasi
* pirrende
* …akt * -galning
* side efter side … op og … ned * humbug * lystenhed
* i udstilling udstillet
having (sexual) intercourse (U) have a label stuck on
* mærkat
the picture to cover the sex organs.
* kønsorgan
* sat fast på
611 Some pornography magazines of the more serious kind
*
have a sex problem page.
* -side ~ - brevkasse
A sex`ologist, a person educated in sex`ology,
* sexolog
* sexologi
gives sex instruction and sex guidance – advice of ways to
* seksual- / ( sexual-) undervisning
titillate the mind and body, and improve your sex(ual) life.
* pirre
An answer to a questions about male or female sexuality
* -vejledning
* sexliv / seksual- ( sexual-) liv kildre kønsliv * mandlig / kvindelig seksualitet ( sexualitet )
depends on a correspondent’s sexual drive and orientation. * indsender * seksuel ( sexuel ) * drift * orientering Some hetero- or homo`sexual people have more
* -seksuel (-sexuel )
specific sexual urges, needs, inclinations, or propensities.
* trang
10 Paedo`philia (A: pedo>) is considered a serious crime.
* pædofili
Most paedophiles have been sexually molested and abused as children.
* pædofil
* transvestit
sex change and some want a sex-change operation.
* kønsskifte
with sexually ex`plicit, daring shouts. A broad-bosomed streetwalker (o-f) wears a brief skirt and a pair of trainers (E). In America, a whore, tart or hooker may be called
* tilbøjelighed
* seksuelt
* =
* forulempe begå overgreb mod
* misbruge / udnytte ng.
Some people are trans`vestites, others wish for a
Soliciting in the street, a troop of prostitudes cheer him
* behov
* trække tilbyde sig * sexuelt
* barmfager
* -operation * flok
* prostitueret
* åbenlys * vovet utilsløret * gadeluder * kort
/ -svær * sportssko
* opmuntre tilskynde * tilråb * skørt nederdel
* prostitueret luder
20 a hustler, and be wearing a pair of sneakers.
* sportssko
He sneaks a look at a prostitute’s bosom.
* barm
He must admit that sex appeal exudes from her,
* stråle ud af
and admit that he finds her sexually attractive. Taking a sneaky glance at her bottom and buttocks, he must confess that he feels a strong sense of titillation. Walking up and down the street, she really exudes sex appeal the way she moves her backside / behind / bum (E).
* sexuelt tiltrækkende * kaste et stjålent blik * indrømme
* bagdel
* sexuel opfordring * lysten
* pirrende
* ~ lede ng. i fristelse
30 Having taken a sneaky peek / peep at the pro’s arse (E) / * stjålent blik
ass (A), he quickens his pace to catch `up.
* balde * pirring kildren * udstråle
tilstå * gå, spadsere
Arousing / exciting frisky men by their titillating attitudes, * ophidse some prostitudes really put temptation in men’s way.
* numse rumpe
* =
* røv * sætte farten op
He quickens his step to catch up with the others.
* øge tempoet
(E&: catch the others up)
*
Sexual abstinence is practiced for various reasons.
* sexuel afholdenhed
* nå op * indhente ng.
612 People who prostitude themselves run a high risk. Prostitutes should demand the use of condom to protect themselves from sexually transmitted di`seases (STD). Prostitudes run a high risk of being a victim of a sex assault / attack and other sex crimes. Always in fear of sex offenders, the prostitutes work in constant fear of soliciting a violent sex maniac. A maniac may not look dodgy.
* løbe en … risiko for
* prostituere ( sig ) * kondom * sexuelt overført sygdom * løbe en … risiko for at * sexoverfald
* sexual forbrydelse
* bange for ngt. * … at
* sexualforbryder * antaste
* sexgalning
* tvivlsom farlig
Emotional and sexual arousal is the cause of much crime. * følelsesmæssig / sexuel ophidselse 10 A customer may claim to have got a bum deal.
* få for lidt for pengene ( få et elendigt forretningsudbytte )
Maintaining to have been given a raw / rough deal, some customers lose their `temper. A pimp or ponce (E) is a man who pimps;
* give … * miste besindelsen * alfons, ruffer
* drive alfonseri / rufferi
luderkarl
who makes money by controlling prostitudes. In England, a ponce is an offensive word for man
* * kvindagtig / skabagtig mand
who dresses or behaves in a way that is typical of women
*
or who people think is a homo.
* homo
In some countries procuring is illegal / unlawful.
* alfonseri
It’s illegal to procure.
* illegalt,forbudt
rufferi
20 It’s agaist the law both to procure prostitudes,
ulovligt * … at
and to procure customers for prostitudes.
* skaffe ngt. til ng.
* drive … * skaffe ngt.
… ng. ngt.
Procurers and procuresses are usually prosecuted for various criminal / illegal / unlawful activities. In some countries prostitution is such a crime
* alfons ruffer * kriminel forbudt etc. * forbrydelse
that prostitudes will be arrested for soliciting,
* søge kunder
and customers prosecuted for buying sex.
*
* rufferske * illegal etc.
at trække
Squalor and poverty lie behind the district’s glittering facade [ fê’sa~d ] . * 30
* snavs elendighed * facaden
* skjule sig bag >
* ulovlig etc.
613 Suddenly, straying into a poor neighbourhood.
*
they land in a slum area.
* havne i
They have landed in a slum district.
* slumkvarter
* være havnet i
* =
Walking up / down the poorly lit street, they notice people * … op / ned ad sleeping `rough (E,adv.) on the street. Some poor, homeless people live `rough in the slums.
* ringe oplyst
* … udendørs under barske forhold
* på …
* =
* slumkvartererne
They live under appalling conditions (pl.) in urban slums, * … forfærdelige and sleep outdoors in uncomfortable conditions (pl.). With no home or job the tramps, hobos and bums (A) 10 tramp the streets asking people for food or money.
* udendørs
* betingelser, forhold * by- … omstændigheder * i / under * ubehagelig * & omgivelser
* vagabond
* =
* =
bums * gennemtrave
Dressed in grubby clothes, presenting their grubby hands, * beskidt they spend their days grubbing for a few pennies. Paying no attention to their grubbiness, they lead a laborious ang grovelling life full of dodgy situations.
* =
snavset * ( leve et slidsomt liv ) for at skaffe
* & uden at ænse
* beskidt / snavset tilstand
* anstrengende
* krybende udmygende
slidsomt They grub (around / about) in waste for anything valuable. * rode rundt i
Most of the homeless exude no belief in themselves. as they grovel to people and grovel for money. Lack of confidence exudes from them
* farefuld
* udstråle * … for at få
* krybe for ydmyge sig overfor * udstråle fra
as they grovel to people for money / to get money.
* <<
20 Some street people are nothing but no-good bums (A)
* hjemløse
who just bum a`round / a`bout all day.
* vandre omkring uden at lave noget nyttigt
Poncing around / about (E), they spend all their energy bumming (E) money and cigarettes off people.
* bums
* = * bumme tigge
Outcast people are in a vulnerable position.
* sårbar …
* udstødt
They often live on a diet deficient in vitamins and minerals. * fattig på Suffering from mineral and vitamin deficiency in their diet,
* mangel i
they often become vitamin deficient and deficient in minerals. * i (…) underskud
* … med ngt.
A draft (A) dodger, wanted by the police for draft dodging, * værnepligt * unddrager * eftersøgt * -unddragelse fears to be caught in a clampdown / crackdown on
* indgreb mod
30 fare dodgers in trains and busses.
* billetbetaling
stramning overfor * <<
/ -pris The police look for people who (a)rouse their suspicion(s). * vække ngs. mistanke®
Authority figures often (a)rouse the anger of an outcast.
* authoritetsfigur
When (a)roused, social outcasts often get very aggressive.* ophidset
* fremkalde
* vrede
* udstødt * socialt …
614 Most homeless people can’t afford to rent a room. Even if a bum grovels, very few landlords or landladies
* hjemløs
* leje
* krybe ydmyge sig
want to rent (out) a room to a slovenly person. Even if a bum grovels before a landlord or landlady,
* leje
* ( meget ) usoigneret
* krybe for ydmyge sig overfor
he or she won’t let (out) a room to an untidy person. Having nowhere to sleep but the streets, the homeless tramp up and down the streets in search for a place to sleep.
* udleje * & være hjemløs * traske
Some blind alleyways are unlit.
* gyde, smøge
A blind and unlit alley is a popular place for the homeless
stræde * =
10 to sleep in. Towards the evening many homeless people land `up in the poor neighbourhood, and land up at their usual places.
* ( lettere ) usoigneret
* uoplyst * =
* =
* sove i * hjemløs
* sluttelig ende
* =
Some of them try to light a fire using crumpled newsprint. * sammenkrøllet A drunken bum grovels around to find a place to sleep.
* kravle omkring
Sweat exudes from his face; he exudes stinking sweat.
* pible ud / udsondres fra
* avispapir
* udsondre
Others are already fast asleep wrapped in grubby blankets. * beskidt snavset
A place occupied by the homeless is often characterized by a disgusting mess and a foul, revolting smell.
* * afskyelig
* rod, roderi * fæl * modbydelig svineri Filthy with litter and piles of dog shit or, to be polite, * rod, roderi * hundelort henkastet affald 20 dog dirt / mess, the place gives off pungent, obnoxious, * … hm-hm ( skidt ) * udsende * skrap * afskyelig frastødende offensive and unpleasant strong smell / odours (A: odor). * modbydelig * ubehagelig * odeur lugt, stank Flies like to land / light on all kinds of droppings. * lande på * ekskrementer frastødende * beskidt
At dawn, the homeless are eventually (a)roused from sleep * vække ng. af søvn by frisky flies, fresh from a good nights sleep.
* livlig
There are deep deficiences in the social law.
* mangel
As the lads hurry down the badly lit street, a stray dog
* skynde sig nedad
suddenly fastens onto / on (to) them.
* knurre
They almost have a heart attack at the growl.
* få …
30 To think of the dog fastening its teeth in the leg of one
* hægte tænderne i
of them makes them shudder.
* få ng. til at gyse
having an anxiety attack or a panic attack. Luckily, the dog disappears as suddenly as it popped up and latched `on ( to / onto them).
* sociallov * omstrejfende / herreløs …
* hægte sig på
Growling at them, it almost gives them a heart attack.
Their hearts begin to pound as if they were
* morgenfrisk
* hjerte * få et angstanfald * dukke op * hægte sig på ng.
Stray dogs are usually full of fleas.
* loppe
Some stray dogs are killed by rat poison.
* rottegift
* … hjerteslag * knurren
* banke hamre * panikanfald
[email protected] 615 The residents of the community are (a)roused by
* oprøre
the physical and moral decay of their neighbourhood.
* forfald
vække til handling
The growing decay (a)rouses their anger and resentment.
* vække ng’s …
Importunate beggars and prostitudes as well as frisky /
* anmassende
* liderlig
horny customers (a)rouse anger and resentment,
påtrængende * =
* vække
distrust, mistrust and hostility within decent residents.
* hos
The women of the streets, street pushers, and beggars impor`tune passers-by.
* gadens frie fugle
* narkohandlere
* antaste plage
Prostitudes, going on the street(s), importune passing
* trække på gaden
10 people to by sex by rousing invitations while beggars,
* om at
for their part, importune people for money.
* plage / tigge ng. om ngt.
* plage ng. > * opildnende
Some prostitudes and beggars growl at a refusal.
* snerre ad
‘ Don’t be so stingy, you stingy arse,’ they may growl.
* nærig
Many signs are put up reading,’ No soliciting allowed in
* ~ al handel og betleri forbudt
* snerre
this building’ or ‘ No soliciting allowed on company `premises. * virksomhedsområde The decay has roused the local residents to action.
* ophidse / vække ng. til ngt.
It roused them to react aginst the state of things.
* … ng. til at
A local action group solicited the local residents for
* aktionsgruppe
their opinions.
* tingenes tilstand * anmode / bede ng. om ngt.
*
20 Having roused herself to react against the state of affairs,* tage sig sammen til at
* tingenes tilstand
a local resident roused herself to action at a council meeting. * … til ngt. She was given a rousing reception by the audience.
* opildnende
After her having held a rousing speech in the local council
* =
a rousing cheer went up to her from the audience. Having drafted / (eE) draughted a plan of urban renewal
* =
* modtagelse
* strømme op til ng. fra ng.
* skitsere
and worked on a rough draft, a commitee has come up with * råt udkast a first draft.
* første …
The draft proposal has been discussed by the council.
* skitseret
Having been put into the correct words by a draftsman or
* koncipist
30 drafter, the final draft of the suggested law has been
* endelig udkast
approved and passed by the council.
*
The local council solicit support and money.
* anmode / ansøge / bede om
They solicit for support and money.
* =
Soliciting both government and private organizations,
* anmode ng.
they solicit support and money from various organizations. Soliciting a wide range of organizations to support them,
* anmode / ansøge om ngt. fra ng. * … ng. om at
they solicit governmental and private organizations for
* anmode / ansøge ng. om ngt.
funds and support.
*
* byfornyelse * komme frem med
616 Draughtsmen (E) / draftsmen (A) draw all the parts of
* dygtig / teknisk tegner
[ draftsman ]
of a new building or machine that is being planned. Having to pass by several vacant lots (eA) lying idle.
* * ubenyttet ejendom
and vacant properties remaining unused in darkness,
( bygning og grund ) * … grundstykke
some of them, so far, just being used for flea markets,
* loppemarked
the lads don’t slow down until they reach a well lit street.
* sætte farten ned
Having got out of the dodgy situation, one of the lads stop to light a cigarette. As he has lost his disposable lighter he asks his friends,
* engangslighter
holding the unlit cigarette in his mouth.
* utændt * væge
* =
As another throwaway lighter has run out of gas, they
* engangslighter
Although some of the lads grew up in the country
* lightersten
* letflydende
A gas lighter might work electronically.
enter a drinking joint to get a light and a beer.
* godt oplyst
* tænde
* har de / du ild
and burn by light-fluid lighter fuel.
* =
* farlig
10 ‘ Have you got a light (E) – do you have a light (E,A) ’
A lighter may have a wick and a flint,
* … ubenyttet hen
* beværtning
* elektronisk
* få ild
*
in the bosom of their family, they’ve always had a taste for
* i … trygge favn
the bright `lights.
* byens lys
20 They still have close and distant relatives / relations
* nær / fjern
as well as bosom `friends / (A&) buddies living there.
* hjerteven
* slægtning
nær ven
Many people, growing up either in the country or the city,
*
are weaned on a (diet of ) stereotyped picture(s) of
* være opfostret med
country life and city life respectively.
* henholdsvis
When one of them, however, senses a suspicious smell, another one realizes that he has stepped on / in a dog turd. As the sole of his shoe is smeared with dog shit, the lads wait for him to clean the sole.
* stereotyp kliche- / forhåndspræget
* * træde i / på * smøre / smurt ind i *
* lort
AT A PUB 617 ‘ What’s your poison,’ the waiter asks.
* hva’ sprut man drikker
They sell beer on tap / on draught / (A) draft and in bottles. * på fad ( fra hane / træk ) [ draft ]
[ draft ]
You can get light, pale, brown and dark ale.
* lyst
Having got (a glass of) draught / draft (A) beer and a box
* fadøl
* bleg
* brun
mørkt
* ale
øl of matches, one of the lads strikes / lights a match. Having struck / lit a match, he put the lighted match to the cigarettes, and the matchbox in his pocket. They all take a deep draught / draft of their beer.
* tændstik
* æske * stryge / tænde en …
* tænde ild * tændstikæske * … slurk
Relatively speaking, pub prices are still pretty cheap here. * betragtet relativt / forholdsvist 10 They are not stingy with the measures of alcohol. A motorist going to drive home should only have a few light beers.
* nærig med
* (alkohol-) mål
* * let
People observing drink-`driving should alert the police.
alkoholsvag * gøre ng. opmærksom
They also serve a good pub grub there.
* en gang mad
* øl
foder
A picture on the wall shows the landlord and the landlady. * vært Bartenders have all kinds of information on `tap.
* parat
Some of the guests are non-smokers, and some are
* ikke ryger
light smokers, but many of the guest are heavy smokers.
* småryger
Worrying about anything but the serious effects of
* -inde
* storryger
* … om alt andet end det ville være synd at sige at
20 heavy smoking, the inveterate / intrepid smokers
* storrygning
smoke heavily, nothing daunted.
* … meget
Although their breathing rebels, many smokers keep on
* gøre oprør
smoking intrepidly and fearlessly ignoring the fact that
* uforhærdet
smoking will send many of them into an early grave.
ufortrødent * sende ng. tidligt i graven
A fan in the ceiling revolves slowly and smoke still hangs heavy in the air.
* forhærdet * = uforbedrelig * uforfærdet ufortrødent
* fane
* frygtløst
* dreje rundt
roterende vifte * hænge tungt
A guest holds the door open to get rid of the smoke.
*
Immediately, there’s a draught / draft in the room.
* træk (-vind )
[ draft ]
Playing a game of draughts (E) / checkers (A), a couple 30 of customers complain about sitting in a draught / draft. While they alternately move the draughts / checkers
* dam * … i træk * på skift
on the draughtboard / checkerboard, they complain loudly
* dambræt
about the cool draught of air blowing in from the door.
* kølig
If a room is draughty / drafty, putting up
* udsat for træk
`draught excluder(s) / weather strip(s) may help preventing * tætningsliste draughts / drafts coming through doors and windows.
*
* dambrik
* trækvind
618 Smoking is closely linked to cancer. There is evidence for a strong causal link between smoking and a wide range of disabilities.
* tæt knyttet til * årsagsbetinget forbindelse mellem * skavanker
Many forms of illness can be triggered by smoking.
* fremprovokeret / udløst af
Scientist have established a connection; they have
* påvise en forbindelse
discovered and proved a connection between smoking
* … mellem
and cancer and other life-threatening diseases.
* livstruende
Many disabilities are tobacco-related and many illnesses
* tobaksrelateret
are closely, directly, and strongly related to smoking.
* relateret til
10 Cigarette packets (E) / packs (A) have a printed warning
*
alerting people to the relation between smoking
* gøre ng. opmærksom på ngt.
and a wide range of dangers.
*
Smoking causes irreparable harm / damage to your health. * uoprettelilg Cancer is the curse of smoking.
* forbandelse
The National Health Service has issued a tract on
* sundhedsvæsen
the dangers of drink and smoking with the intention of
*
weaning people off / from smoking and too much drink (N).
* afvende ng. fra ngt.
The tract gives advice on how to wean yourself off / from
* pjece
* formanende skrift
* vænne sig af med
brochure, pjece
alcohol and nicotine.
*
20 Fighting a long battle with lung cancer, most smokers
* kæmpe en … kamp mod
will be fighting a loosing battle.
* … håbløs kamp
Battling with lung cancer, most smokers lose the battle.
* kæmpe mod
Lack of exercise is also a risk factor for many diseases
* risiko faktor
but relatively small compared with / to smoking. One of the lads pays a round – he can afford it – he’s loaded.
* tabe kampen
* relativt / forholdsvis …
* ( sammenligne ) med
* gi’ ( betale ) en omgang * fuld af penge
‘ Get a load of that lady ! ‘ one of the lads observes.
* læg mærke til
An attractive lady takes / steals / hogs the limelight.
* tage / stjæle al opmærksomheden
Just then // at that moment / instant as a guest passes
* i samme øjeblik som
* bemærke
30 the attractive lady, he dares (to) pat her cheekily
* driste sig til / turde ( tør ) at
on her backside / behind / bottom.
* på
* klappe
* bagdel numse, rumpe
Normally, men don’t dare pat a lady on her bum (E).
* =
‘ Keep your grubby hands / paws / mitts to yourself,’
* hold dine beskidte grabber for dig selv
the girl reprove, putting him in his place /
* sætte ng. på plads
telling him where to get off.
* =
He pleads ( in (his) excuse ) that he ment no harm – he didn’t do it out of malice. People sometimes behave foolishly but with good intent.
* anføre til / som sin undskyldning * i ond mening
* i en god mening
* frimodigt
* ikke have nogen ond hensigt
619 One by one the guests go to the toilet / (A) bathroom. ‘Are you waiting to use the toilet
* gå på toilettet * vente på at
* bruge …
or waiting to use the phone ?’ another guest asks
* =
before he joins the queue (E) / (eA) line for the toilet
* tilslutte sig /
as some people apparently hog both the toilet and the phone.
stille sig op i > * optage ngt. i for lang tid
The toilet is lit by a single central bare / naked light .
* bar / nøgen
A grubby / dirty towel needs to be changed.
* beskidt
In the need of draught ex`cluder(s) / weather strip(s),
* tætningsudstyr
* kø til ngt.
snavset
the toilet is a quite draughty / drafty room.
* hvor det trækker
10 A girl sneaks a cigarette; she sneaks a cigarette from
* snuppe
a guest while he is in the toilet.
* på toilettet
An open packet / pack of cigarettes is a temptation to smokers, stingy or, more politely, careful with money. You tempt weak-`willed people by leaving valuables clearly visible. A woman who has many sexual partners is easily
* … fra
* fristelse for * nærig
* påholdende
* friste
* svage sjæle
* *
disapprovingly called a tramp while a man of the same kind
* luder
is approvingly called a stud like a stud horse.
* ~ tyr ( stutteri (avls-) hingst )
Some news is regularly shown on a TV set in the pub. 20 The landlady put / turns / switches the news on.
* *
It’s the late evening news broadcast.
* nyhedsudsendelse
It’s a news and current affairs programme.
* nyheds- og aktualitets ( løbende ) program
A few guests watch the news curiously.
* se … nysgerrigt
The national broadcasting corporation has got
*
nuværende
the news headlines coming up at every hour. A newsreader (eE) or newscaster (eA) reads the news in the news programme / newscast (eA) on TV or radio. Here is the latest news from home and abroad.
* -overskrift * -oplæser * nyheds udsendelse * ind- og udland
The programme alternates between the latest home news * skifte mellem and home affairs, and the latest foreign news
* indlandsaffærer
* indlandsnyheder * udlands-
/ -historie / -sag
30 and foreign affairs. There is television news of politics, and news about notable / remarkable events and individuals.
* … * politiske nyheder * bemærkelsesværdig
There is a fierce rating battle between rival TV station.
* vurdering, bedømmelse
It may be a battle for survival.
klassificering * overlevelseskamp
Some radio and telelvision broadcasting companies
*
broadcast (a)round the clock. They send out / broadcast some programmes live.
* sende * =
* nyheder om * = * ( seertals ) kamp mellem
[email protected] 620 TV is a vital link with the outside world.
* vital, livsvigtig
* verden udenfor
The planets orbit around the sun.
afgørende * kredse rundt om / omkring
The earth takes a year to orbit the sun.
* kredse om
Two spacecrafts will link `up in orbit around the earth.
* rumfartøj
* koble sig sammen
The space shuttle will link `up with the space station.
* rumfærge
* koble sig til
* kredsløb * rumstation
Some satellites are stationary and some are put into orbit. * sætte i kredsløb The orbiting satellites orbit in predetermined orbits.
* kredsende
Spy satellites go into orbit to collect information
* spionsatellit
* kredse
which come / fall / is within the big / great powers’ orbits.
* komme / falde /
10 At the tracking station they track all ships, aircrafts,
være indenfor * sporingsstation
and satelites by radar ( radio direction and range ).
* radar
Radio signals are formed by radio waves which are
*
electromagnetic waves possessing a long wavelength
*
( ranging from 10 ( from 10
5
to 10
-3
11
to 10
4
m ) and a low frequency
Hz ( hertz = cycles per second)).
Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light ( 300,000 km / sec.).
* bevæge sig med … hastighed
The speed of sound is 300 m / sec.
*
Included in the radiowave part of the spectrum are
* spektrum * mikrobølger
ultra high- and very high-frequency waves, used for television
*
and FM ( frequency modulation ) radiocommunication;
*
and short, medium, and long waves used for AM
*
( amplitude modulation ) radio communications.
*
* * * * * * 30
* stormagt
* cyklus
*
* kredsløb
* gå i kredsløb
* strække sig fra ngt. til ngt.
20 microwaves, used for both communications and cooking;
*
* forudbestemt
* interesseområde * spore
* frekvens
621 TV programmes about other people’s adventures give
*
enjoyment to armchair adventurers and armchair travellers.
* lænestols-
* eventyrer, vovehals lykkeridder * se fjernsyn / TV
It’s comfortable to sit (oneself) `down and watch television. * sætte sig It’s rather comfortable to be sitting down in front of a TV
* sidde ( ned )
and see / watch ( a programme (on TV) of ) somebody
* se
tramping along a muddy track through a dense forest.
* traske
On TV it’s possible to discover the traces of a wild beast, and follow its track(s) until it appears in `close-up. A violent demonstration is on the news. 10 News on the latest developements is shown.
* spor
* nyheder om * nyhedsindslag
The police leadership receives a blast of criticism.
* storm af
The minister of the interior ( the Home Secretary (E) /
* indenrigsminister
The chief of the police is in the news.
* i nærbillede
* i nyhederne
A news item is about a blast for the police in the papers.
(A) the Secretary of the Interior) has seen it on the news.
* sti
trave * spor
* storm mod
* se ngt. i nyhederne * med i nyhedsudsendelsen
Papers blast the police for (using) heavy-handed methods. * kritisere ng. for ( at gøre ) ngt. Some circles counterblast.
* tage til genmægle
The trigger for the demonstrtion was an escape of
* udløsende mekanisme for
radioactive material from a nuclear power plant / station.
* radioaktiv
20 A leak of radioactivity triggered the alarm.
* læk
At a major leak, thousands of people will be poisoned by radioactive radiation.
People near a nuclear power plant / station fear to
*
everything from light to heavy exposure to radiation. According to the dose of radiation absorbed in the body,
* radioaktivitet
* udløse
* stråling * udsættelse for
They broadcast the fact that they fear to suffer from
* atom- / kernekraftværk
* forgiftet af
Exposure to harmful radiation is closely linked to cancer.
suffer the consequences of an accident.
* udslip
* skadelig
* forbundet med
* lide under konsekvenserne af * gøre vidt og bredt opmærksom på at
* lide under
udbasunere at * alt lige fra let til kraftig * udsættelse for
* dosis
radiation poisoning causes bodily harm,
* strålingsforgiftning
30 in bad cases troublesome external and internal injuries,
* plagsom
in worse cases disablement and, in worst cases, death.
* i værre
* absorberet / optaget i ngt.
* invalidering invaliditet Atomic energy and atomic power are a political battlefield * atom energi / kraft
* legemlig overlast legemsbeskadigelse * skade * værst * stridsspørgsmål
/ battleground, and the parliament is in a battleground state * slagmark- / krigsskueplads lignende tilstand during the nuclear energy and nuclear power debate. Some parties, opposing nuclear power, work to make the government ditch all plans to enlarge the exploitation of nuclear power.
* * * kassere
* udvide
622 Environmentalist organizations have sued the nuclear * miljø- ( forkæmper ) organisation power company for having been careless of safety.
* skødesløs / uforsigtig med
The company maintained that the leak has been discovered * in time and early enough to be limited to far below
* i tide
the maximum allowable concentration of toxic emissions,
* højeste tilladte koncentration
far below the permit limit or limit value of radiation.
* grænseværdi
Judgement was given against the environmentalists and allowed the power plant to continue production. The responce to the court’s verdict was one of outrage.
* tids nok
* * = * oprørt / vred / forarget over
and outraged at the way the case had been tried / heard.
* =
makes them express outrage over outdated laws.
* udledning
* miljøforkæmper
10 The locals were outraged by the judgement
Environmentalist’s outrage at the ruling
* giftig
* forargelse / vrede over * =
The case generated public / popular outrage(U).
* skabe offentlig forargelse / vrede
No one seems prepared to take responsibility for
*
the poisoning outrage(s) ( committed by the management ). * forgiftning It’s an outrageous scandal.
* oprørende, uhyrlig
Every year, vast areas and thousands of people are
*
* uhyrlighed skændselsgerning
* begået af
skammelig, skandaløs, skændig
overtaken by, and outrageously affected by poisoning
* ramt af
20 caused by careless and irresponsible disposal of
* uforsigtig, lemfældig
* uforsvarlig
skødesløs
toxic / poisonous chemicals and other substances,
*
emission(s) of toxic fumes and gasses, and spraying with
* (røg-) gas
highly toxic pesticides (insecticides) and herbicides.
dunster * insektbekæmpelsesmiddel
Locals are outraged by the carelessness exhibited by
* lokale folk
the government and the irresponsibility as demonstrated by
* som
profit-oriented / (E) -orientated private companies.
* profitorienteret
It’s an outrageous behaviour.
* oprørende etc.
It’s a public outrage.
* offentlig skandale
It is outrageous (that) the underprivileged should pay
* forargeligt, oprørende, uhyrligt skammeligt, skandaløst, skændigt
30 the price for the cost of a runaway capitalism. In many people’s opinion, it outrages all sense of justice and outrages all decency. Bias(s)ed ruling and legislation is an outrage against
* løbsk * krænke * = * partisk
the most vulnerable sections of the world’s population
* sårbar
which ought to cause public outrage (U).
* vække forargelse
udsat skabe vrede
* sprøjtning * ukrudts* udvist stillet til skue * =
623 The locals demonstrate against the disconnection
* de lokale
between the local people and the concern of politicians.
lokalbefolkningen * mellem
The demonstrators accuse the government of
* manglen på forbindelse > * =
*
trampling (on / over) local people.
* trampe på
Accusing the government of trampling on local people’s
* =
views and feelings, they accuse it of trampling over
* =
the county, district, and borough councils.
* amts-
Battling for pollution-free energy, the environmentalists
* distrikts- / kommune-
* forureningsfri
fight a continuous and persistant battle for a society
* vedvarende
10 based on renewable energy and renewable `resources.
* vedvarende …
[ A&: ri`såsis ]
Revolutionary technology makes it possible to harness the power of the wind and the waves to generate electricity. Revolutionary research into renewable energy is making
* til at
of energy.
*
The demonstrators shout their battle cries.
* kampråb
Some young demonstrators wear outrageous clothes
* uhyrlig
20 They had ditched (A) school and classes. The demonstration was announced to be peaceful although in the event it turned out violent. Many see demonstrations as a ` fast-track procedure for political changes. Some see violent demonstrations as a fast track to rapid changes.
* … resurse ressource
* skabe
* vedvarende energy * udnytte
Many young demonstrators had skipped (E) school.
* vedholdende
* tøjle, udnytte ngt. >
successful attempts to harness the sun’s rays as a source
and have their hair arranged or cut in outrageous hairstyles.
* by-
* = * pjække fra * = * * når det kom til stykket * en hurtig vej til * * hurtig vej til * hurtig
The government must ditch all nuclear power programmes. * kassere It quickly became clear that some violent demonstrators
* det bliver … klart
had been on and gone on the `warpath.
* være på krigsstien
30 A minority of activists had armed themselves with
* bevæbne sig med
all kinds of missiles.
* kasteskyts
The troublemakers suddenly attacked the police. The opening attack happened so fast the police didn’t even notice from which direction it started. As it happened the demonstration turned into a battle between demonstrators and police forces.
* ballademager * åbningsangreb * * som det kom til at forløbe * kamp mellem
It all happened pretty quickly.
* ske ret / temmelig hurtigt
There were no warnings of impending danger.
* forestående / truende …
* angribe * ske så hurtigt at
624 The police had drafted extra staff in.
* trække / beordre ng. ind indkalde
Shocked by the ferocity of the attack the police realized
* voldsomhed
fairly quickly that this wasn’t going to be easy even if extra
* ret / temmelig hurtigt
staff was / were drafted in to deal with the demonstration.
* trække / beordre ng. ind indkalde
The chief of police has drafted lots of police into the area.
* trække / beordre ng. til
A police force, issued with riot gear, turned out
* udstyret med
in armour-clad vehicles. The pictures show heavy-handed police methods in use
* kampudstyr
* armeret * hårdhændet
* i brug
to curb the demonstration.
* kontrollere
10 Behaving outrageously violent, demonstrators
* umanerligt
apparently provoked members of the police force into
* provokere ng. til ( at gøre ) ngt.
begrænse
(committing) a number of outrages against the regulations. * ( begå ) The police apparently beat peaceful demonstrators and thrashed demonstraters unscrupulously. Pushed by the police, some peaceful demonstrators are landed headlong. Landing on the ground with the head first involves great risk besides it bruises the face.
* voldshandling
* imod regulativerne reglementet
* slå * tæske
* skrubelløst
* * bringe til at lande
* hovedkulds på hovedet * =
* lande * påføre ngt. overfladiske kvæstelser / blåt / blodunderløbent mærke
Besides the fact that your face will bruise there’s a risk of 20 smashed teeth and, in worst case, fracture of the skull.
* få … * kraniebrud
In a mad rush for escape, some demonstrators
* vanvittig
were in mortal danger – their lives were in danger.
* i livsfare
Trampled underfoot in the rush to escape,
* hastværk stormløb
* trampe underfode / til jorden
the demonstrators were in danger of being trampled to death. * trampe ihjel The police grabbed many demonstrants by their arm to arrest them.
* gribe ng. i armen *
A police officer twisted a demonstrator’s arm behind him.
* vride ngs. arm om på ryggen
The demonstator’s arm is out of joint; it had been pushed
* af led
or wrenched out of joint by the police.
* vride …
30 Both his shoulder joint and elbow joint hurt.
* skulder
Police brutality took all the fight out of the majority of
The hard `core (E) still had a lot of fight left in them.
* hård kerne
As they attacked the police with stones and bottles,
* angribe ng.med
* eskalere / optrappe ngt. * have en masse kampgejst tilbage
* veritabel / sand
A shower of missiles landed on the police’s shields.
* byge
Being hit by a missile or getting a thrashing bruised
* få prygl
the body of many policemen and demonstrators.
* albue led
* tage al kampgejsten fra
demonstrators while it provoked the rest to escalate the fight. * provokere ng. til at
the area turned into a veritable battefield /
* optrapning * < med
* får ng. til at havne * på …
Many demonstrators landed `up with cuts and bruises.
* ende med
Peaceful demonstrators covered up in bruises
* ( blodunderløbent / blåt ) mærke efter slag / stød
* flænge
were shown on TV in `close-up pictures.
* nærbillede
10 Even if they suffered severe bruising, and some had
* være udsat for
suffered bruised ribs, lying on the ground, no bones were
* trykket
broken, and no one had suffered internal bruising.
* indre kvæstelser
Every peaceful demonstrator felt badly bruised by
* blå mærke
* overfladisk kvæstelse * ribben
* såret, stødt krænket
the heavy use of violence by both parties.
*
The whole affair causes / creates quite a stir.
* skabe røre / opstandelse
The police methods are heavily criticized in the media,
* kraftigt
medierne * æterbårne …
both in the press and the broadcasting media, radio and TV. * pressen They are rapped / slammed in headlines on the front pages * kritisere both by the tabloid papers and the heavyweight papers.
* tabloidavis
* seriøs avis
20 A broadsheet (E) or quality paper (A) works to satisfy
* seriøs avis
* tilfredsstille mætte
the readers’ hunger for the truth while the tabloids profit from * sult / behov / trang / higen efter satisfying people’s hunger for sensations and curiosity
* tilfredsstille
about notables, dignitaries and celebreties.
mætte * overfor
* = * notabilitet
The editorial staff discuss the issue at editorial meetings.
* redaktionel
The police are elaborately slammed in editorials
* kritisere ng. >
* nysgerrighed * vigtig person
* kendt
* redaktions-
(E&: leader / leading `article) and columns for their
* leder
indiscriminate use of violence seen by many as a violation
* uansvarlig, vilkårlig
of the right to demonstrate under the constitution.
* brud på
* klumme
* < for ngt
hensynsløs
Giving the police extensive powers is seen by many
* retten til at krænkelse af * udvidede beføjelser
30 as an outrageous infringement of constitutional rights, * oprørende etc. and an encroachment on the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the constitution. Regarded as an invasion of privacy, it is feared (that) rampant (use of) video surveillance infringes civil /
skandaløs * indgreb i, overgreb på krænkelse af * & grundlovssikret
* krænkelse af * udbredt
* ifølge grundloven
* brud på overtrædelse af * rettigheder og friheder
* privatlivets fred
* det frygtes at
* overvågning * krænke * borgerlig uhæmmet personal liberties, and infringes (up)on the right to privacy. * personlig * frihedsrettighed * krænke * ret til privatliv
626 The papers receive a lot of readers’ letters. Some letters to the editor are published in the correspondence column.
* læserbrev * =
( * redaktør )
* læserbrevkasse
Some letters are an attack on police brutality.
* angreb
The letters savagely attack police brutality while others
* angribe ngt. voldsomt
bitterly attack the troublemakers. The hard-core demonstrators’ intent is clearly not to placate their critics.
* offentliggøre bringe, trykke
* … indædt * hensigt
* tydeligvis
* formilde berolige
A`nonymous letters containing vicious personal attacks * anonym 10 on named public figures are not published. The relationship between the police and the local community has been damaged.
* ondskabsfuld
unavngiven * navngiven
* personangreb
* offentlig kendt
* skikkelse person
* forhold mellem *
Some victims of police violence as well as unjustly arrested * demonstrators go to or want to see their brief (E). A brief on behalf of the sufferers is given to a lawyer to argue in the court.
* sagfører * sag
* retsadvokat (-ter )
The court hears prosecuting and defence counsel.
* anklagesiden
It alternately hears counsel for prosecution
* =
* * * * * * 30
* forsvarssiden
* =
Massive opposition to nuclear power is a powerful weapon * massiv in the opposition’s armoury.
* skadelidt
*
The victims of police violence are represented by counsel.
20 and counsel for defence.
*
* på ng’s vegne
* arsenal
* slagkraftigt våben
627 The next (news) item is about the global warming. Some climate experts state that widespread cases of outrageous heat and rains are caused by global warming.
* global opvarmning * * voldsom
Vast areas are stricken with fatal climate changes.
* ramt af
Climate changes in many areas have already led to
*
crop failure(s), and famine as a result / in consequence. Failure of (the) crops and (the) resulting famine (C,U) mean that millions of people are going hungry. Failure of this year’s harvest means that millions will 10 suffer from hunger, and many will starve to death.
* regnskyl
* misvækst
* hungersnød
* som følge
* =
* deraf følgende
* leve uden mad nok * fejlslagning at … høst * lide af sult sulte ( af mangel på mad )
Having no way of satisfying their hunger
* tilfredsstille mætte
and, due to drought, no way to quench / slake their thirst,
* tørke
many refugees are dying of thirst and hunger.
* være dødsulten / -tørstig
Feeling faint with hunger and thirst, many die of / from thirst and hunger every day. Thousands of hunger-stricken enervated refugees,
* slukke
* være ved at besvime af sult / tørst * dø af tørst / sult * hungerramt
their eyes having a wild and hungry look in them,
* udsultet blik
seek refugee in refugee camps.
*
Starving babies, dying of / from starvation in the arms of * sultende 20 their grief-stricken mothers is an everyday occurrence.
* tørst
* udhungret / -marvet
* dø af
* ramt af sorg
‘ That’s outrageous ! ’ a horror-stricken / -struck TV viewer * forargeligt
* sult * hverdagsforekomst / -kost * forskrækket
oprørende, uhyrligt
protests seeing the stricken faces of the wasted refugees. To make matters worse, a cyclone is reported to have caused extensive damage. A cyclone is a large-scale wind-and-pressure system characterized by low pressure in its center and by circular
* medtaget ( medtagne )
* udhungret / -marvet
* for at gøre ondt værre
* cyklon
* omfattende
* skade (-r ) ødelæggelse (-r )
udbredt * i stor skala
*
wind motion, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, * bevægelse clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. These violent revolving tropical storms are accompanied 30 by lighting and torrential rain.
* sydlig … * roterende * styrtregn
A hurricane is a tropical cyclone, especially in
* orkan
the W Atlantic; in the N Pacific it’s called a typhoon.
* tyfon
A tornado is a localized, violent windstorm, a whirlwind
* =
or a squall characterized by a long, funnel-shaped cloud
* nordlig halvkugle
* lokaltforekommende
* kastevind
* hvirvelvind * tragtformet
pludseligt uvejr evt. m. regn / sne
extending towards the ground and made visible
*
by condensation and debris [ `debri~ / (A) dê`bri~ ].
* fortætning
Disasters in TV are regarded as an everyday occurrence.
* hverdagsforekomst / -kost
* nedbrydningsmateriale stumper og stykker
628 Lots of trees have been blown / brought down,
* blæst / væltet (omkuld)
roofs blown off, and houses razed to the ground.
* blæst af
Houses and whole villages have been buried beneath landslips, landslides and landfalls.
* jævnet med jorden ( raseret til grunden )
* * jordskred ( mindre )
Bad weather has hampered the rescue operations.
* besværliggøre
The fact that many roads in the disaster-affected areas
* katastroferamt
* … ( større )
* =
vanskeliggøre
have become a quagmire has impeded rescue missions. It has delayed the rescue; the rescue of people in danger,
* sump
* besværliggøre vanskeliggøre
* redning
and made it difficult for rescuers to come to the rescue;
* redningsmand
10 to come to the rescue of people in the disaster areas.
/ -folk * … ngs. …
Rescue workers and emergency aid have been landed
* redningsfolk * rednings-
and rescue them from further calamity / more calamities.
* … ng. fra ngt.
resulted in outragerously increasing food prices.
* komme til undsætning * katastrofeområde
by rescue helicopters to resque people in distress,
Into the bargain, lack of food has furthermore
* redningsmission
* helikopter
* landsætte bringe til stedet * redde ng. * i nød nødstedt
* * voldsomt katastrofalt
People protest against the outrageous (rise in) prices.
* uhyrlig
Some countries’ trade balance is in surplus.
* handelsbalance
There’s a trade surplus of billions.
* handelsoverskud
voldsom * vise overskud være positiv
Some countries’ trade balance has been in deficit for years. * ( vise ) underskud ( være ) negativ
20 There has been a trade deficit / shortfall of billions. So while some countries have a widening trade surplus other countries have a widening trade defecit. So some countries’ balance of payments is in surplus while other countries balance of payments is in deficit
* handelsunderskud * voksende
* … overskud
* =
* … underskud
* betalingsbalance
* ( vise ) overskud
* ( vise ) underskud
As there has been a shortfall of millions of ton(ne)s in food * underskud production in some coutries, there is a calamitous
* katastrofalt
food shortage / shortage of food in some countries.
* mangel (på)
While some countries have disastrous food deficits,
* … underskud
other countries have considerable agricultural surplusses.
* … overskud
30 Some countries have a big surplus in agricultural
* stort overskud
production – a surplus of millions of ton(ne)s –
* … på
while other countries have a big deficit in food supply
* … underskud
– a deficit of a disastrous size.
* … på
The charity is now targeting the needy.
* rette sigtet mod
Surplus grain and other foods need to be distributed to
* overskydende
the the hungry to cover the shortfall in food supply. Aiming at hungry people in the stricken areas, the organizations aim to alleviate / ease (the) suffering(s).
* de sultende de, som mangler mad * rette sigtet mod
* afhjæpe
* de nødlidende
* dække
* underskud
* sultende
* berørt, ramt hjemsøgt
629 The newsreader progresses to a current dispute about * gå videre til preferential treatment or positive discrimination.
* positiv særbehandling
The present dispute over means of integration relates to * <<
* middel / redskab til
racial prejudice(s) (U,C) in relation to measures to improve * racefordom race relations. The dispute in progress concerns measures to be taken to improve relations between different races. Unfortunately there have been sporadic racial attacks on
* strid / uenighed om
* i forhold til * foranstaltninger til at
* igangværende * relationer mellem * racistisk *
10 Racial attacks are poisoning relations between races.
* forgifte
* angreb overfald
* forholdene mellem
Television violence poisons the minds of some people.
* =
Racial hatred is a poison that destroys people’s minds.
* racehad
Racists on either side try to poison their adherent’s minds
* forgifte ngs. indstilling >
Racist remarks serve only to bruise people’s feelings
* angå
/ -fordomsfuldhed * racerelationer
foreigners.
against other races.
* integration
* gift der
* overfor * fornærme såre
and poison the atmosphere still further.
* forgifte …
* endnu mere
The poison of racial hatred destroys peaceful coexistence. * den forgiftende virkning af In some countries knife attacks, bomb attacks
* knivoverfald
and arson attacks on differently thinking people are
* brandstiftelse
20 common / everyday / frequent / regular occurrences.
* almindeligt forekommende hændelse
* bombeangreb
ildspåsættelse hverdagskost
Even if measures have been taken to alleviate the problem, * the situation becomes a political and military quagmire.
* hængedynd
A political arm of a rebel movement or terrorist organization * … gren work by political means.
*
On a lighter note / vein they end the news item with a story * i den letter genre about an old song having the offensive name dark(e)y
* =
or darkie for a negro replaced with Afro-American.
* =
The offensive name refers to blacks or black people,
* sorte
a black man or black woman originally black slaves
* sort …
30 caught among natives in Darkest Africa.
* det mørke Afrika
The name Negro (
`bellyache, beef, moan, and whinge about it.
* over ngt.
10 Playing sports, a lot of people are take part in a sport,
* dyrke …
perhaps joining a sports club and a sports team.
* -klub
Some prefer to go in for / engage in a dangerous sport.
* dyrke
Today’s sporting facilities, sports grounds
* -facilitet
and sports equipment provide a wide range of
* -udstyr
sporting activities within indoor and outdoor sports,
* -aktivitet
field sports, water sports, winter sports and other sports.
* bane-
Sports centres (E) where people can go to do sport (E)
* sportsbegivenhed
* deltage / være med i
* -hold * sportsgren * -plads
* indendørs-
at school when children compete in sports events,
* sports-/ idrætsdisciplin
20 help to stimulate (an) interest in sporting activity /
* tandlæge * aftale
* have en …
* ( over-) holde …
* bortset fra at
* bortset fra ngt.
10 ence you have caused, and apart from a bad conscience, * … ngt. you may have to pay a considerable compensation
* betragtelig
if you miss your appointment.
* bryde / svigte …
klækkelig
Some dentists’ assistants have very / most probably
*
been victims of mercury poisoning as they have regularly
* kviksølv
been mixing mercury with other metals to make a`malgam
* amalgam
used to fill holes in teeth.
* fylde plombere
A filled tooth has a filling.
* fyldning
Steve spends the next couple of days taking extra care of
*
plombering
his family.
*
20 He had some work to do but it can wait.
* kan vente * … til
It can wait until / till one of the next days. So he’ll leave the work till then.
* lade ngt. ligge til
There’s loads of time – there’s plenty of time.
* masser af
This semester, he only has a light teaching load.
* lille mængde
Last semester Steve had a heavy workload.
* voldsom arbejdsbyrde / mængde
He was loaded down with work.
* overlæsset
He really felt weighed down with work.
* =
He had been overburdened with work, as he had to teach
* =
* let
* arbejdsmængde
/ -bebyrdet
a lot of lessons (E) which bore little or no relationship.
* lektioner ( fag ) * bære præg af lidt / intet ( indholds-) slægtsskab
30 He taught a lot of classes (A) that were not connected.
* <<
timer
He grubbed / rooted through his files to find all kinds of useful teaching material(s).
* rode / søge gennem *
Overloaded with work, he had suffered a bad attack of flu. * overbelastet af If you get the flu, you suffer from influenza,
* få …
an infectious disease caused by the flu virus
* influenza
which primarily affects the air passages.
* luftvejene
* influenza * lide af …
647 In mathematics ( maths (E) ), arithmetic is the science
* matematik
of using numbers, algebra uses letters to represent numbers,
* algebra
and geometry is the science of lines, surfaces and volume.
* geometri
There are the number nought (eE) or zero (eA),
* volumen rumfang
* nul
the even, odd, positive and negative nonzero numbers
* lige
( whole numbers and fractions), straight lines and curves,
* helt tal
acute, obtuse, and right angles, triangles, quadangles,
* spids
rectangles, squares, pentagons, circles, cubes and balls.
* retangel
Besides math (A), he taught geology and geography:
* aritmetik regning
* ulige
* positive * brøk
* stump * kvadrat
* negative * ret linie
* ret
* kurve
* trekant
* femkant
* ikke nul
* firkant
* kubus * kugle terning
*
10 Plate tectonics is a theory, developed mainly in the 1960s, * pladetektonik that the earth’s crust is divided into rigid plates (oceanic,
*
continental or a combination of both) which move about
*
the earth’s surface at rates of 1-15 cm per annum.
*
The edges of the plates are called plate margins.
* pladerand
At constructive plate margins new oceanic crust is created * konstruktiv where two plates move apart and magma rises to fill the gap;
*
this occurs at midocean ridges.
* højdekam / -ryg
At destructive plate margins, where two plates collide,
* destruktiv
one dips beneath the other, producing deep-sea trenches
* grav ( sænkning )
20 and the associated volcanic island arcs.
* bue
Where the other plate rises, mountain chains are f ormed.
*
All major structural features of the earth’s surface
*
as well as seismic and volcanic activity can be ascribed to
* tilskrives
plate movements.
*
Earthquakes are generated by plate tectonic movements;
* jordskælv
as two plates move past each other they can become jammed * presse and deformed, and a series of shock waves occur when they
*
spring free usually along faults in the crust.
* forkastning
The point at which an earthquake originates is the seismic
* jordskælvs-
30 centre or hypocentre; the point on the earth’s surface
* =
directly above this is the epicentre.
* epicenter
The inland areas of Greenland and the vast landmass
* landmasse
of Antarctic and the South Pole are covered by an ice cap,
* iskalot / -kappe
the inland ice, all the year round.
* indlandsis
Only the coastal areas are more or less vegetated and inhabited by animals or people. During the arctic winter, the vast waters (pl.) around the North Pole are covered with an ice cap.
* hypocenter
* kystområde * * vandmasser * iskappe
* hele året rundt * bevokset
648 He taught microbiology. A virus is a core of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
* * virusenhed
* kerne
* indesluttet i
* protein
[ nju`kli~ik ]
enclosed in a protein shell. A variety of virus species attack different body organs.
*
As they are acellular they are only able to function
* acellulær
and reproduce if they can invade a living cell to use
*
the living cell’s system to replicate (themselves).
* kopiere sig selv
In the process they may disrupt or alter the host’s cell’s
* forstyrre
own DNA.
*
10 The healthy human body reacts by producing
*
an antivironal protein which prevents the infection spreading
* antivironal
to adjecent cells.
*
Many virusesses mutate continuously so that the host’s
* nuklein/ kernesyre * skal
* mutere forandre sig
body has little chance of developping permanent resistance. One-celled organisms comprices thousands of species of microscopic bacteria and other single-celled organisms.
* * encellet * =
The bacteria are found wherever life is possible.
*
Generally 0.0001 – 0.005 mm long, they may be spherical
* kugleformet
(coccus), rodlike (bacillus), or spiral-shaped (spirillum)
*
20 and often occur in chains or clusters of cells.
*
The so-called true bacteria have a rigid cell wall,
*
which may be surrounded by a slimy capsule, and they often * slimet have long whiplike flagella for locomotion and short hairlike
* flagel
pili used in a form of sexual reproduction.
* hår
* kapsel
A few bacteria are autotrophic i. e. they can grow on simple * autotrofe inorganic substrates using carbon di`oxide gas from
* ( nærings-) grundlag
the atmosphere to manufacture their own nutrients,
* næringsstof
but the majority are heterotrophic, requiring a source of
* heterotrof
organic carbon and a variety of other nutrients for growth.
*
30 A single bacterium reproduces by dividing into two new
* bakterie
cells; some species can do so every 15 minutes leading to
*
rapid population growth.
*
Some form resistant spores, which can survive for several years in / under adverse conditions.
kuldioxid
* spore * i ugunstige omgivelser / under … omstændigheder
649 The most important role for bacteria is in decomposing
* nedbryde
dead plant and animal tissues and releasing their constituents * bestanddel to the soil. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil or sea convert
* * omdanne ngt. >
atmospheric nitrogen gas to nitrites and nitrates,
* til ngt.
which can then be used by plants.
*
Bacteria inhabit the digestive system of animals and play an important part in digestion, especially in ruminants. However, certain (pathogenic) species may infect body
* forbøjelsessystem * drøvtygger * inficere smitte
10 tissue(s) and cause disease while others, such as
* væv
salmonella, can cause food poisoning.
*
Milk sours; some bacteria sour milk in a method of
* blive sur
fermentation (anaerobic respiration) producing lactic acid.
* gæring
*
* Kingdom fungi.
* svamperiget
Fungi / fungusses are either unicellular or multicellular.
* svampe
The body of a multicellular fungus consists of a network
* svamp
* syrne
* encellet
* fler-
of branching threadlike structures, called hyphae (sg: hypha), * hyfe forming a mycelium.
* =
20 Sexual reproduction results in the formation of spores,
*
which may be produced in a spcialized structure called
*
a fruiting body, built up of threads of hyphae.
* frugtlegeme
Some fungi are saprotrophs (o-f :saprophytes), feeding on dead organic matter by means of digestive enzymes.
* *
Others are parasites of plants or animals.
*
Yeasts is a single-celled fungus.
* gær
[ ji~st ]
When placed in a sugar solution, the cells multiply and ferment sugars to form ethanol and carbondioxide. The solution ferments until all sugar is consumed, or the 30 alcohol concentration get so high it kills the yeast.
* opløsning * forgære * gære * gær
Fungi are:
*
Mould (E/A) mold (U), among these penicillin.
* mug
Mushrooms (edible), toadstools (poisonous),
skimmelsvamp * paddehat ( spiselig )
puffball, tinder fungus. Rusts and mildew parasitize plants.
* = ( giftig )
* støvbold * rust
Athlete’s foot, thrush, and ringworm are fungal diseases * fodsvamp that affects animals and humans.
* =
*
* fyrsvamp * meldug * trøske
* ringorm
* snylter på * svampe-
[email protected] 650 Plants and animals are multicellular organisms. Depending on stage of development, clusters of cells have developed into specialized organs, including sexual organs. Plant / vegetable kingdom.
* * * * planteriget
Plants are autotrophs; in cells containing the green pigment * chlorophyll they carries out photosynthesis, a process
* klorofyl
in which they make carbo`hydrates from water
* kulhydrat
and carbondioxide.
*
sukkerstof
Plant cells have cellulose walls and plants are im`mobile. 10 The study of plants is called botany.
* uden evne til at bevæge sig omkring * botanik
Some plants are poisonous to man.
* giftig for ng.
Poison `ivy, poison `oak,
* efeu vedbend
* * * Animal kingdom.
* dyreriget
The study of animals is called zoology.
* zoologi
Animals are heterotrophs; they obtain all their energy
*
from organic substances produced by other organisms.
*
20 They change food into energy by chemical processes
*
called metabolism, such as protein, carbohydrate,
* stofskifte
fat and oil metabolism, mostly taking place in the liver.
*
A vitamin is an organic substance essential in small
* =
[ i / ai ]
quantities to normal metabolism. Microelements / trace elements or are elements found in
* * mikronæringsstof / sporelement ( mineral )
plants and animals in minute quantities and believed to be
*
a critical factor in physiological processes.
*
Most animals are capable of moving around at least part of
*
their life cycle.
*
30 Higher in`vertebrates like crayfish and insects have
* invertebrate
an outer skeleton with joints between its moveable parts.
hvirvelløst dyr * led
It serves as a protective armour and motion apparatus together with the muscles fastening on it. Fireflies, glowflies or lightning bugs (A) are nocturnal
* krebsdyr
* beskyttelsespanser * fæstne på ngt. * ildfluer
beetles having light-producing organs at the rear of
* bille
their abdomen.
*
* =
* = * bageste del bagende / -side
651 Terrestrial plants and animals, also called land plants
* landlevende
and land animals, are land-based (attr.) plants and animals.
* landdyr
* landplante * landbaseret
Most aquatic plants or aquatic animals are either saltwater * vandor freshwater plants or animals. Seaweed (U) refers to plants growing in the sea usually
* saltvands
* ferskvands * havplanter tang
marine algae. (sg: alga).
* alge
Sea urchin, starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumber, and sea lily belong to the phylum echinomerdata. Marine animals live in the sea while amphibious animals 10 can live both on land and in water.
* søpindsvin * søstjerne * slangestjerne * søpølse * sølilje * hav-
* amfibisk
*
Frogs, toads and newts are all amphibians.
* frø
Some fish can live both in salt water and fresh water.
* saltvand
Animals living in different continents or isolated habitats
*
belong to more or less related species, which have evolved
* pighuder
* tudse
* salamander * ferskvand
* udvikle sig
separatedly since the separation of the continents or habitats. * The llama in S. America is related to the camel in Asia.
* lama
* beslægtet med
The emu in Australia is related to the ostrich in Africa.
* emu
* struds
These birds have a small brain in relation to their body.
* i forhold til
Whales like dolphins and porpoises are closely related,
* delfin
* marsvin
* nært
* beslægtet
[ `på~pês ]
20 but distantly related to terrestrial mammals
* fjernt …
Whales and fish are unrelated.
*
Dolphins produce a high frequency sound while other
* højfrekvent
whales communicate at low frequencies. Desert plants and animals are adapted to cope with extreme heat and drought.
* lyd
* lav frekvens * tilpasset til (at)
* klare tåle
* tørke
[ draut ]
Some animals are preditors and some are prey (U).
* rovdyr
Some preditors paralyse the prey with a poisonous /
* lamme
venomous bite. Some animals exude poisonous fluid as a protection
* bytte (-dyr ) * giftig
* = * udskille udsondre
30 against preditors.
*
Birds are the natural enemies of many insect pests.
* naturlig fjende
All animals – dead or alive – are a link in the food chain.
* led i fødekæden
Babies of many animals are, to a various degree,
*
reliant (up)on their parents’ care.
* afhængig af
They rely on them for food and care.
* være …
Some animals have particularly acute senses:
* skarp
an acute sense of touch, taste, smell, hearing or sight.
*
* skadedyr
652 Indo-European languages are related languages.
* beslægtet
Many languages are unrelated.
* ikke …
Finnish is the principal language of Finland,
* finsk
an Uralic language related closely to Estonian
* uralsk
and remotely to Hungarian.
* ungarnsk
* hoved* beslægtet med
‘ Which’, ‘who’ and ‘that’ are relative pronouns, which join * henførende stedord a relative clause to the rest of the sentence.
* kopula
In grammar it’s a verb such as ‘be’, ‘become’, and ‘seem’
* grammatik
10 also called a linking verb or an equational verb.
* forbinde ngt. til ngt.
It connects a subject with a noun or adjective called
* … med …
So a copula is a verb that acts as a connecting link between subject and (predicate) complement.
* ( hel-) sætning * binde sammen
* =
* kopula
It links a subject to a noun or adjective that deacribes it.
a `predicate complement (predicate `noun / `adjective).
* estisk
* binde ngt. ( til ngt.)
* henførende sætning
A copula is something that links together or connects.
* =
* omsagnsled
* prædikatsnavneord / -tillægsord
prædikat * forbindelsesled
* mellem
Ob`jective complement = predicate objective:
* omsagnsled til genstandsled
They called him Jack. It made him sick.
*
They thought him a nice chap. He painted his house white.
* fyr
objektsprædikat
A conjunction or connective is a word which connects two * bindeord 20 parts of a sentence like and, or because, however etc.
*
‘ Because ‘ is a causal connective.
* årsagsbindeord
Taking / doing / sitting an / their exam(ination), a class
* gå til / tage eksamen
of students offer a number of subjects.
* gå op i
* klasse hold * fag
opgive
Offering literature, the class offers ‘ Alice in Wonderland ‘,
* opgive skulle op i
written by C. S. Lewis.
*
Heavy reliance on one teaching method is not without risk. * afhængighed af tillid til
Some learning methods encourage a great reliance upon
* tilskynde til fremelske
the teacher.
*
Some study programmes concentrates more on group work * 30 and places less reliance on lectures.
* basere sig på …
Studying closely, engaged in laborious research,
* slidsom
the students grub for months and years to complete
* knokle
their courses and finish their study.
*
Students are streamed (eE) / tracked (A) for various classes according to their ability. Student counselling service is provided by experieced student counsellors. How can young people be tempted into engeneering ?
* spore ind på * * studievejledning * studievejleder * friste til
* =
653 Some people hope to grow old and die in harness.
* dø mens man arberder arbejde lige til man dør
Regretably, a well-liked colleague resigned last year.
* beklageligvis
He resiged, much to the regret of his students.
* til stor beklagelse for ng.
It was with great regret that the college accepted
* det er med stor … at
desværre
his resignation. It is to be regretted that / It is regretable that the college has lost a competent and well-liked teacher.
* * det må beklages / er bekklageligt at *
His resignation is highly regretable.
* beklagelig
The college put a notice in the college newsletter, saying,
* nyhedsbrev
10 ’ We regret to inform you that Mr. XX has decided
* beklage at måtte gøre ngt.
to resign.
*
All colleagues were invited to a farewell party.
*
Unfortunately, Steve was ill and had to send his apologies. * … undskyldning melde afbud
Sending his regrets by mail, he wrote, ‘ I regret that I’m unable to accept your kind invitation. ‘ Giving his regrets by phone, he told his colleague that he was sorry that he couldn’t come.
* udtrykke sin beklagelse / melde afbud * beklage at * udtrykke sin beklagelse * være ked af det over at … / måtte melde afbud
An anglepoise lamp (E) lights up his writing desk / table. * arkitektlampe It’s a working lamp supported by a jointed arm. 20 He sits comfortably in a revolving chair. These days, we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.
* ~ melde afbud
* mindre / større skrivebord
* leddelt
* arm
* drejestol * sætte sin lid til *
Much work is organized in reliance on computers.
* afhængig af
`Access to the internet is fast becoming a necessity.
* hurtigt ved at blive
People who put their things up for sale on the internet
* sætte ngt. til salg
i tillid til
in are hoping for a quick sale. Material from the internet can be copied without infringing the copyright.
* på …
* hurtigt salg * bryde *
Once his computer couldn’t handle the load and crashed.
* mængde
That was a very regretable error / mistake.
* fortrydelig
Using graphic software you can revolve / turn the image
* grafisk
belastning
30 on the screen.
*
* =
* dreje
654 USB (universal serial bus) is a way of connecting (up) /
* tilkoble / -slutte
linking (up) various equipment such as a mouse, printer,
* =
removable harddisk etc. to a computer using wires so that
* harddisk
all the devices can work together.
*
A computer can be connected (up) / linked (up) with
* forbinde ngt. med ngt.
a mouse and printer, and a USB movable harddisk can be
*
connected (up) / linked (up) to the computer.
* forbinde ngt. til ngt.
He has to load new software as he wants to connect /
* installere
link a USB movable harddisk to his computer.
* … ngt. til ngt.
10 Installing new hardware or new software you must follow
*
the computer manufacturer’s instructions.
* brugsanvisning
Faulty goods should be returned to the manufacturers.
* fejlbehæftet
He switches on his computer and the screen lights up.
defekt * lyse op
The lighted screen is ready for clicking on ikons
* tændt
and typing (in) passwords and orders. When he has connected / linked the computer with
* forbinde >
* producenten
* indtaste * forbinde ngt. med ngt.
the movable harddisk, he can press the ‘return’ key or click on * an icon to load the programme. The programme takes a while to load so he waits for it to 20 load. When the computer and the movable harddisk are linked / connected, he can save his files on the movable harddisk. He clicks at an ikon to connect / link to the internet.
* * installere ( sig )
* vente på at ngt. gør ngt.
* = * forbundet * =
* gemme
* fil mappe
* få forbindelse til
The internet allows people from all over the world to link up * koble sig på for chat sessions. The internet is a relatively recent phenomenon, relatively easy to use.
* sludremøde * forholdsvis nyt * … let
As you can get and download all kinds of information
* downloade
it is able to satisfy people’s hunger / thirst for information.
* tilfredsstille
30 The computer was a revolutionary new technology.
* revolutionerende
overføre
The PC (personal computer) together with the internet was a revolutionary `breakthrough. Computer technology has revolutionized most fields of activity.
* hunger / tørst efter
* * << * * arbejdsområde
* gennembrud
[email protected] 655 One day Steve takes their sick dog to the veterinarian.
* dyrlæge
Have you talked to the vet (E) about it ?’ his wife asks.
* =
‘ Just quickly,’ he answers.
* ~ kun for en kort bemærkning
His wife has to wait in (E) for a repairer (eE).
* vente derhjemme
The firm said that they’d call back as quickly as possible
* så hurtigt / snart som muligt
and send a repairman as soon as possible.
* =
She starts loading the dishwasher.
* fylde
She loads all the washing-up into the dishwasher.
* fylde ngt. ind i
Having done two loads of laundry / washing (U),
* portion
10 she puts half a load in the machine.
* hænge ngt. på ngt. * ( rent ) vasketøj
The laundry hangs up to dry throughout the night.
* hænge til tørre
She hangs / puts some washing out (to dry).
* … ngt. ud
She listens to the radio while she hangs the washing `up.
* … ngt. op
The programme is interrupted to bring a news bulletin
* kort nyhedsmeddelelse
or (news>) flash (E), a short item of important news of terror.
a news blackout on the investigation. The TV repairman makes sure of disconnecting 20 the broken-down TV. He makes sure (that) the TV is disconnected from the mains before taking it apart for repairment.
* tørresnor * … igennem * =
* pålægge * mørklægning * afbryde tilslutningen til * der er gået i stykker * afbrudt fra * hovedstrømmen * hurtigt
Electrical appliances won’t work or won’t work properly
* * afbrudt forbindelse
The repairer is quick about his work.
* hurtig til ngt.
He quickly realizes where to find the fault.
* hurtigt opdage
The TV is repaired in double-quick time.
* ekstra hurtigt
‘ Have you finished already ? – that was quick –
* …
30 I thought you’d be another hour,’ she says surprisedly.
* vasketøj
* =
She wonders how fast he can have the job done.
if there’s a disconnection or a loose connection.
* opvask
* =
She hangs the laundry on washing lines.
The government in the country mentioned has imposed
* reparatør
* … være en time mere om det
* skille ngt. ad
* løs …
656 Steve waits (for) a while in the waiting room.
* … en stund
The vet recommends a killing instead of an operation.
* aflivning
He prefers to sleeps on it and let him know tomorrow.
* sove på det
They decide on a destruction.
* aflivning
In order to put down / destroy the old dog,
* aflive
the vet puts the sick dog to sleep.
* bedøve og aflive med indsprøjtning
On his way home, he buys some groceries.
*
He loads the groceries into the boot / trunk (A).
* læsse ngt. ind i
* bagagerum
10 He handles fruit (U) and vegetables with care in order
*
not to bruise them; some fruits and vegetables easily bruise.
* støde
* blive stødt
Fruits and vegetables with bruises don’t sell well.
* stødmærke
* blive solgt
Lorries and trucks wait at the loading bay (E)
* aflæsningsområde varemodtagelse
or loading dock (A) at the side of the supermarket /
* supermarked
(A&) grocery store to deliver their load.
* =
He and his wife have a joint account.
* fælles konto
Both parties must sign the form if the account is to be
*
in joint names. Some information have to be printed, written in printing, 20 and some have to be written in block capitals / letters.
* * 30
* blokbogstaver * sammenhængende
They are jointly responsible for an overdraft.
* i fællesskab
The bank statements help them keep track of
* følge med i
He comes back loaded down with bags of groceries.
*
* skrive med >
Their signatures are in joined-`up writing.
where their money is going.
*
* i begges navne
* *
* trykskrift
657 A grandma has a dodgy / bum hip.
* dårligt fungerende
She has had hip aches for some time.
* hoftesmerter
Unable to quicken her pace / step to catch up with
* øge tempoet
the others she often had to call, ‘ Wait for me.’
* vent på
‘ Wait up,’ they’d call in America.
* =
She’s been put on a waiting list to see a specialist.
* sætte på venteliste
She needs a new hip joint.
* hofteled
The hospital has a heavy caseload.
* stor mængde af
In order to lose weight before an operation, some
*
10 overweight patients have to join the battle of the bulge. ‘ The country is fast becoming a nation of fatties,’ a doctor moans.
* sager / patienter til behandling
* gå i krig mod udbulingen * hurtigt ved a blive
* tyksak
*
Some obese patients are so fat their clothes won’t fasten (up) / do up.
* overfede * lukkes
Obesity increase the risk of many deadly diseases.
* overfedme
There is a eight-week waiting list to have
* tre ugers
a hip replacement operation.
* dødelig
* hofteoperation for ny hofte
The various wards and departments are determined to
* behandlingsafdeling * personale-
establish a better working relationship.
* arbejdsfællesskab
20 The doctors are set / intent on establishing a better
* indstillet / fast besluttet på at
doctor-patient relationship, and set / intent on a better
* læge- patient forhold
working relationship with the nurses.
* samarbejde med
The same intent prevails among the nurses as regards
* fast besluttet / indstillet på at
* … ngt.
* herske, dominere være udbredt
their relationship with the nurse’s aides / auxiliary nurses
* sygehjælper
[ å~g`ziliêri ]
( nursing aides / auxiliaries ) and the hospital porters. Patients who are going to be anaesthetized must [ ê`ni~s#etaiz / A: ê`ne.. ]
go on a fast before an operation.
* = * bedøve lægge i narkose
* gå i gang med en faste
They must fast in order to have an empty digestive tract.
* fordøjelseskanal
Having a hard time not to break the fast, some patients
* bryde fasten
30 look forward to end the fast after the operation.
* portør
* faste
* slutte …
The anaestetician will put her to sleep before the operation. * lægge ng. i fuld bedøvelse Some patiens have a `catheter up their urinary tract.
* kateter
The surgeon cuts through skin and connective tissue.
* bindevæv
If a patient complains about not being able to fall asleep,
* falde i søvn
he will have a sleeping pill / tablet. Glad to see her (back) in the land of the living the doctors say she’ll have a quick recovery.
* sovepille * vågen / rask * … blive rask
* urinrøret
AN OUTING TO THE HARBOUR
* havn
658 The city and its adjoining / adjecent harbour are situated * tilstødende along the river at the estuary, the wide part of the river
* bred flodmunding ( med tidevand )
where it joins the sea; where it flows / goes into the sea.
*
The river connects the city with the sea.
* forbinde ngt. med ngt.
Bridges span the arms of the coves, the inlets, the river
* spænde over
and the sea.
* arm gren
* bugt vig
* bugt vig
*
Boats come / moor alongside quays and wharves / wharfs.* lægge til / fortøjre All kinds of boats are moored to the quay.
* fortøjre til
Piers, jetties or dock (A) are built out into the river where
* anløbsbro
* kaj
* & bolværk
mole
10 boats are tied and where people can get on and off boats. * A ferry is due to arrive / land at noon
* forventes
and sail / leave again at two o’clock.
* afsejle
Some people live in houseboats.
* husbåd
At a landing or landing stage (E) you can rent / hire (E) boats.
* bådebro
* leje
A seagull often sits on the sign.
* måge
Lots of bird droppings (pl.) has landed under the post.
* lande …
People can go swimming from a bathing jetty.
* badebro * svømmevinger
A bridge links / connects the banks of the river.
* forbinde
A causeway joins an island to the mainland.
* dæmningsvej
A number of `tributaries join the river
* biflod
and all the tributary rivers are joined by a vast number of
* =
tributary brooks and springs.
* bæk
Some wetland is a wonderland of nature.
* eventyrland
It’s a natural wonderland, a fairyland for naturalists
* =
and other nature-lovers. A flock of birds land / light gracefully on the water. 30
* leje ngt.
*
A sign says ’Boats for rent / (E) hire ’.
20 Insecure swimmers should use armbands (E).
* være i land
* naturelsker * lande
* … med * utal * kilde
* =
* naturforsker
THE HARBOUR IN THE OLD DAYS 659 An armada of heavily and lightly laden vessels
* armada
are seen all over the river and harbour.
*
All kinds of ships and boats call at the port to be unloaded and loaded (up) with new goods. Fully laden cargo ships, laden with all kinds of goods from all over the world come to unload and load at the port. Having unloaded their cargoes, the ships load (up) with all kinds of goods to be carried somewhere else. Lighters are flat-bottomed, unpowered, large, open boats
* tungt
* let
* ankomme til
* lastet
* losse
* laste med * fuldt lastet * losse
* fragtskib * laste
* losse ngt.
* i havnen / havnebyen * last
* transportere
* ladet / lastet
* laste ngt. * et eller andet sted hen til et eller andet sted * umotoriseret
* lægter lægtepram
10 used for / in lightening and loading cargo ships. Besides used in unloading and loading, the lighters lighter goods for shorter distances. A barge is a capacious, low boat with a flat bottom used for carrying goods along / on rivers and canals. Usually intended to be towed or pushed, barges carry goods for longer distances up and down rivers and canals. Lighters and barges are manned and navigated by lightermen and bargemen / bargees.
* losse
* laste
* losse * pramfragte
* over … afstande
* pram
* rummelig
* langs / på …
* kanal ( gravet )
* trække med tov * op … ned ad * bemande
* sejle styre * & pramskipper
* lægtermand pramdrager
Bargepoles are used to guide barges and lighters.
* bådstage
20 Walking up and down gangplanks and gangways,
* landgangsplanke
laded with their loads of goods, a gang of dockworkers
* belæsset med
unload and lighten a heavily loaded cargo ship.
* losse
Loaded down with heavy loads, other dockers (E) /
* laste
The captain goes to sea armed with a telescope
* stå til søs
* 30
* havnearbejder * tungtlastet * havnearbejder
* handelsskib
* trampbåd / -skib
Having finished loading (up), the ships put out to sea.
or binoculars (pl.) and other nautical instruments.
* byrde
* tynget af
(A) longshoremen load the trading vessels, merchantmen, * = tramps or tramp steamers.
* -bro
* ( dobbelt-) kikkert
* koffardiskib * trampdampskib * stå til havs * ( sø-) kikkert * søfarts-
[email protected] 660 To make a living a lighterman must be a fast worker
* hurtig til at skaffe sig fordele
who can work fast and make fast work.
* arbejde hurtigt
In order to fasten a boat by the head fast, and stern fast a lighterman takes fast hold of a rope. Having taken a fast hold ot the mooring rope he throws the the other end of the fast ashore.
* fastgøre
* for-, stavn
* agter- / bagstavn
* =
* tage et fast greb
* … et …
* fortøjningsreb
* fortøjningsreb
A lighterman ashore lays a fast hold on the mooring line. * tage et fast greb Standing fast and holding fast to the line,
* fortøjning
* … line / reb / trosse
* stå fast
* holde fast
he pulls the lighter right up to the wharf.
* helt hen til
10 He fastens the rope to a bollard, dug fast in the ground.
* fastgøre ngt. til
* bolværk * pullert
* gravet
* fast solidt
He has a tatoo on his left arm.
*
Fast bind, fast find.
* det, der er gjort fast, finder man sikkert igen
When the lighterman fastens his eyes upon a girl
* fæstne sit blik på
his gaze fastens on her various physical charms.
* blik
* fæstne sig på
Her dress fastens down her back.
* lukkes
Wishing he was / were a fast worker,
* hurtig til at indynde sig
he fastens (up)on the idea of a relationship.
* legemlig
* ryg Bagside
* hæfte sig ved
He has to hold fast to a mooring post.
* holde fast i
Most girls won’t touch a lighterman with a `bargepole.
* ikke røre ng. / ngt. med en ildtang
20 (A) They won’t touch him with a `ten-foot pole.
* ynde
* fortøjningdpæl
* =
When it starts to rain fast he cools down, laden with doubts * … heftigt
* fuld / tynger af
sile ned
about his future.
*
After a hard day at work, after a hard day’s work, he gets * hård into his rowing boat (E) / (A) rowboat, fastens on the oars
* robåd
and rows home.
*
There’s a mooring near his home.
* fortøjningsplads
Moorings (pl.) - ropes, chains anchors etc. – are used to
* fortøjningsgrej
fasten a ship to the land or the bottom of the sea. A hawser is a thick rope or steel cable used on a ship.
* * trosse
30 A barge once broke free of / slipped her moorings
* bryde fri af / slippe fortøjningerne
and slid out into the sea.
* glide
* tage fat i gribe
661 Ships must take care (that) their course is plotted
* passe på /
to avoid difficult waters and take care to navigate
sørge for at * vanskeligt farvand
at a safe distance from the coast.
* i sikker afstand fra
Once a heavenly laden ship took a list when it hit a treacherous submerged reef.
* kurs
* let lastet
* få slagside
* undersøisk
* rev skær
The sea wasn’t rough, but there was a heavy swell (sing).
* dønning
The lights were out.
* lanterne ( på skib & tog )
Having a heavy list to starboard the ship floated about
* have stærk slagside til
in the calm sea without lights.
got up into slight (2), gentle (3), moderate (4), fresh (5)
* svag brise
and strong (6) breeze which turned into moderate (7),
/ vind ( …2 ) * stiv kuling
fresh (8), strong (9) and whole (10) gale.
* stormende kuling
* tiltage
* hård kuling * storm
and not end up in storm (11) or hurricane (12).
* orkanagtig storm
It may be fatal to lie in the track of a storm,
* i ngs. retning / spor
as a storm with high / strong winds and heavy sea(s)
* uvejr
may drift the ship landwards and totally wreck it against
* mod land
20 the rocks of the coast.
*
on some submerged rocks.
* orkan
* stærke vindstød
* stumper af
* vraggods
* grundstøde
When the ship went aground, it was fast aground,
* gå på grund
The seamen were shipwrecked.
* lide skibbrud
Winds and waves swept across the sea.
* feje henover ngt.
30 While winds swept the sea, and waves swept against
* feje over
the ship, the seamen hoisted a rescue distress signal.
* nødsignal * nødblus
but apparently they weren’t spotted by other ships or from land. *
They could do nothing but hope for a lull (in the storm).
* splitte i stumper
*
When the ship grounded it was stuck fast on the rocks.
the sailors were hoping for the wind to drop / lull.
* skylle ngt. i land
* sætte på grund
* skrabe på grund
Hoping to be able to ride (out) / weather the storm
* stærk søgang * slå til vrag
* bære vidnesbyrd om
Touching the ground, the ship took the ground.
They sent up distress flares and distress rockets
* stærk storm
* * løje af
The rough sea, however, grounded the ship
* svag luftning ( vindstyrke 1 ) * jævn … * frisk …
* let …
and low visibility the seamen prey for the wind to fall light,
bear witness to the many ships rent to pieces by storms.
* styrbord * med …
* vindstille
Pieces of wreckage, washed ashore along the coasts,
* være slukket
* rolig
10 Little by little the calm changed into light airs (1),
Drifting helplessly around on the sea in cloudy weather
* udstikke
* ride stormen af * løje af * afløjning, ophold kortvarig vindstille
* løbe på grund * sætte fast * fast
* på grund
* skylle mod
* -raket
662 The ship, however, eventually sprang a leak
* få en / springe læk
and water was suddenly rising fast in the hull.
* stige hurtigt
* skrog
Sweeping / washing over the deck, the waves threatened * skylle over
* dæk
to capsize the ship anytime and wash the sailors overboard. * skylle ng. over bord * når som helst The stricken ship threatened to cap`size at any time.
* uheldsramt
In fear of capsizing, the seamen got into a lifeboat as fast / * kæntring quick(ly) as they could, narrowly escaping shipwreck (U).
* når som helst
* redningsbåd
* så hurtigt
* … som
It all happened pretty quick(ly).
*
It all happened so fast they had no time to save
* ske så hurtigt at
10any of their belongings / possessions.
* kæntre
* kæntre ngt.
*
Unluckily, one of the sailors had his hand stuck fast.
* få ngt. holdt fast / i klemme
He tried to pull his hand free, but it was held fast.
* sidde …
Laden with terror, dread and grief, the sailors witnessed
* tynget af
how the ship capsized in no time, pulling the helpless sailor
* kæntre
down with it into the deep.
* dybet
* være vidne til ( hvxx )
havets dyb
The survivors of the shipwreck feared to drift towards
* forlis
(be swept / washed towards) the rough coast
* barsk
where the cliffs join the sea.
* mødes støde sammen
They had to row seawards to keep clear of the coast 20 where cliffs and sea join. After hours in the darkness the seamen saw a light
* mod havet * mødes med * lys
in the distance which enabled them to make landfall
* gøre / sætte ng. i stand til
and spot a safe shore.
*
While the waves swept the little boat towards land,
* skylle ngt. mod
the sailors had to navigate the lifeboat through the breakers
* styre ngt. gennem
of both a bar and the coast.
* revle
Having been swept through the surf and successfully
* styre sig igennem
the sailors finally made safe landfall.
* nå sikkert i land
30 The survivers needed help fast.
* i en fart
Having sunk to the bottom of the sea / ocean (eA),
* brodsø
* bølgeskum
* uden at efterlade sig spor sporløst * synke til bunds på havet / til havets bund
* ( skibs- ) vrag
their final / last resting place on the bottom of the sea.
* sidste hvilested
on the bottom of the ocean (eA) buried in a silent grave.
* brænding
* skibsvrag
thousands of wrecks and drowned sailors have found
Many a seaman who found a watery grave rest in peace
* brænding
* skylle gennem
navigated the last breaker with its surf,
The shipwreck sank without (a) trace.
* få landkending
* ~ lide druknedøden * på bunden af havet / havets bund
* druknet * på bunden af havet / havets bund * hvile i fred ~ ligge begravet
663 A lighthouse is a fixed and flashing light. Different lights have different light effect
* fyr, -tårn
* fast
* blinkende
* fyr, -tårn
* =
* lyseffekt
or lighting effect and different light distribution,
* =
* lysudstråling / -spredning
so they give different light signals.
* lyssignal
From the seaward side of the top of the lighthouse
* der vender ud mod havet
there’s a far-reaching view of the seascape, and from
* langtrækkende
the landward side there are spectacular views of
* der vender ind mod land
the lie (E) / lay (A) of the `land.
* hvordan landet udfolder sig
Before the electrification, electric power
* elektricifisering
* elkraft
10 and electric working, the light source was
* eldrift
paraffin or kerosin lamps.
* petroleumslampe
In either case the lighting fitting is a number of mirrors forming a concave mirror. A lighthouse keeper is in charge of the lighthouse and looks after the light every day. In the very old days they lit a beacon on a number
* lyskilde
* lysarmatur * spejl
* hulspejl
* fyrpasser * * fyr, bavn vager
of beacons, so an open fire would light the ships
* bavnehøj
safely along the shore.
*
Light buoys and lightships warn and guide other ships.
* åben ild
* lyse ng. vej
* lysbøje
* fyrskib
20 Working and `maintenance of the lighthouses,
* drift at ngt.
the buoys and the lightships are under superin`tendence of
* under overopsyn af ng.
the lighthouse authority / service which superin`tends
* fyrvæsen
* vedligeholdelse af ngt.
* holde opsyn med ngt.
all their property and takes care that it is properly main`tained. * vedligeholde ngt. Waters where two seas join may be dangerous to navigate. * mødes Light waves move with a speed of 300, 000 km / sec.
* lysbølge
By measuring the position of the sun, the stars or the moon * relative to the earth, it’s possible to determine a position
* i forhold til
at sea.
*
A sextant is an astronomical instrument for measuring
* sekstant
30 angular distances esp. the altitudes of sun, moon,
* vinkel-
and stars at sea in dertermining latitude and longitude.
* breddegrad
* længdegrad
TODAY 664 Parts of modern Newburg are build on landfills,
* opfyldning (-er ) med affald
areas where landfill has been buried.
* nedgravningsaffald
Today incineration is prefered to landfill.
* forbrænding
The Newburg skyline has changed a lot throughout
* horisontaftegning
the years.
* opfyldning m. affald * ( i-) gennem
*
The outline of a few skyscrapers rises on the horizon.
* omrids
An oil refinery is situated on an island in the estuary.
kontur * raffinaderi
The refinery refines crude oil.
* raffinere
* skyskraber
* i horisonten
* råolie
… 10 Tankers unload their oil loads through pipelines which
* losse
join the harbour and the oil and petrol (gasoline) depots.
* forbinde
* benzindepot
* dæksofficer
* dæksmatros
The deck officer takes care that the deckhands join the right pipes (together) properly. Many truckloads of oil leave the island every day.
* last ladning
* rørledning
* forbinde * lastvognslæs
Many people consider the refinery a blot on the landscape * skamplet på and the industrial harbour the armpit of the city and the river. After an accident of oil pollution (U) the army was helping to clear up.
* landskab
* skamplet * * rydde op
Pollution, spread by strong currents, eddies and whirlpools, * ( strøm-) hvirvel 20 clouded the water in many parts of the river.
* strømhvirvel
* gøre ngt. uklar forplumre
The water clouded (up) so you could no longer see the river bed. Polluition is bad `news for the environment.
* * … bund * & til skade for
Fish stock and oyster beds in the estuary and birds’ nests * bestand in reed beds along the river banks are endangered
* tagrør
by the oil pollution.
*
Leaks of waste products from farming and industry
30 discharge of toxic waste.
* banke
* fuglerede (-r ) * leje
*
threaten continually to pollute and poison the watercourses. * forurene Large sections of the river have been poisoned by
* østers
* forgifte
* vandløb
* giftig
* affald spild
* = * udledning
For years the sea(s) / ocean has been used as a receptacle * beholder modtagelses- / opbevaringssted
for all kinds of solid and liquid waste, waste water
* spildevand
discharge water and untreated sewage.
* spildevand
Much life depends on the life on the `sea / ocean bed.
* på havbunden
In some areas of the sea / ocean (eA), pollution has killed
*
almost all life on the sea / ocean `floor. ( A: seabed, seafloor) * <<
* urenset
* kloakvand
[email protected] 665 As much business developes and moves to other areas,
*
many urban areas have fallen into decay in recent years.
* gå i forfald
Derelict land, urban and industrial wasteland remain as blots on the landscape.
* forladt og forfaldent * skamplet
Some land is private land and some is public land.
* privat land / jord
Landscape `architects and landscape gardeners
* landskabsarkitekt
skilled in landscape `architecture and landscape gardening * -arkitktur work to landscape decaying areas. Some land is laid out as common land (E).
* etablere landskabelig herlighed i
* grund- / jordpris
housing land, the price of land is rising.
* beboelsesgrunde
and bad `news for buyers. Armed with all their fishing tackle (U) people look for good fishing grounds hoping to land a big fish. Having caught a big fish, the angler uses a landing net to bring the fish out of the water on to the land.
* offentlig … * anlægsgartner havearkitekt * havearkitektur * forfaldende
* offentligt tilgængelight område
10 The land prices are rising; due to a shortage in
A rise in prices is good `news for sellers
* ubenyttet
* godt nyt * dårligt nyt
* sælger * køber
* … udstyr * fiskeplads * fisker ( med stang ) * op af vandet
He wraps the fish in newspaper.
* pakke ngt. ind
In some areas of the river the water is still cloudy.
* grumset
* lande * fangstnet * op på land * avispapir
uklar
20 A channel or fairway allows the larger ships to navigate
* sejlrende
the river and the waters where the river and sea join.
* mødes
When seagoing / oceangoing vessels
* oceangående
come alongside the quay, and moor alongside the quay,
* lægge til kaj
adventuous landlubbers and armchair adventurers
* landkrappe
regularly show up to drink in the exotic atmosphere
* indsnuse
of foreign lands (poet.).
* fremmede lande
* * * 30
* fortøjre * lænestolseventyrer * eksotisk fremmedartet
666 A hulk, permanently made fast and under restoration,
* oplagt skib
was once a fast `consort, famous for its fastness.
* hurtig
War crafts, warships and war wessels are seen in the background. One of them is a man-of-war, a sailing ship with guns, used in the past in naval warfare and naval battles. Another one is a heavily armed battleship from the First World War (1914 – 18) World War I, the Great War or the War of Nations
* fastgøre * under fortøje * følgeskib
* krigsskib
* =
* restaurering * -hed * =
* * krigsskib
* sejlskib
* søkrig
* søslag
* slagskib * første verdenskrig * =
10 was between the Allied Powers and the Central Powers. * The year 1915 saw a series of inconclusive battles with huge loss (U) of life.
* ~ i … så man * tab ag menneskeliv
Both parties suffered heavy losses.
*
At Ypres the Germans used poison gas for the first time.
*
At the Battle of Somme the BEF ( British Empire Forces)
*
used tanks for the first time
* tank kampvogn
A tank is an armour-plated self-propelled combat vehicle, * armeret armed with a cannon (usually turret-mounted)
* kanon
and a machine gun and moving on caterpillar tracks
* larvefødder
20 ( wheels moving inside a metal belt ).
*
The caterpillar tread provides the tank with a lot of traction even on slippery ground. The German armaments launched their lightning attacks
* selvdreven
* anbragt som tårn på toppen
* … slidbane / kontaktflade * trækkraft
* glat
vejgreb * væbnede styrker
* lynangreb
by infantry, armour and military and lightning raids by aircraft. * panserstyrker Fortifications, warships, tanks, and aircrafts are equipped with armaments.
* kampvogn
* angreb togt
* * armering, bevæbning udrustning
Provided with armour, armour-`plated warships, tanks,
* armering
* armeringspladebeklædt
aircrafts, fortifications etc, are covered with armour plating,
* -pladebeklædning
armour plates of specially hardned steel.
* -plade
30 There is a heavily armoured battlecruiser
* svært armeret
from the Second World War. ( World War ll 1939 - 45)
* anden verdenskrig
Many ships have sunk mysteriously without a trace.
* synke
Distress signals, SOS, Mayday calls and Mayday signal
* SOS
are usually received by other ships.
*
* slagkrydser
* på mystisk vis
* sporløst
* mayday kald
* … signal
667 The Battle of Britain is the series of aerial combats
* luftslag
that took place between British and German aircraft in 1940
*
and that included the severe bombardment of British cities.
*
If not blown sky-high, lots of buildings burst into flame(s). * sprænge ngt. i luften /
* bryde ud i flammer
stumper og stykker * bekæmpe ngt.
Battling the flames, bravely battling against the flames,
* kæmpe mod ngt.
firefighters / firemen, night and day battled to quench
* brandmand
* kæmpe for at -
* slukke >
the flames raging through the buildings in flames.
* flammerne
* rasere gennem ngt.
* i flammer
Going on bombing raids, the planes took off with a full load.* starte
* med fuld last fuldt lastet * armering, bevæbning udrustning
lette * … af / med
They took off with a full load of fuel and armament 10 On their way to the bombing target the full laden planes
* bombemål
preferred to fly in cloud in order to be hidden from enemy fire. * i skydække Nearing the target, the bomb-laden bombers needed
* -fyldt
clear sky or high cloud in order to nosedive down to good visibility down below the cloud cover.
* bombefly
* styrtdykke ( fly ) * … sigtbarhed
In low cloud and bad visibility many bombers missed hitting the target so many bombs missed the right target. Missed shots and missed bombings caused many civilian casualties. Many planes, fighters and bombers, were damaged in
* skydække
* lavt skydække
* dårlig sigtbarhed
*>
* ramme ( ved siden af ) målet * …, der rammer forbi
* bombning …
* *
20 air battles or by anti-aircraft artillery and many airmen
* luftslag
died in plane crashes.
* flyhavari
* flybesætningsmedlem
Returning home, the pilots hoped to make a safe landfall.
* foretage en sikker landing
A pilots sometimes had to make a forced `landing.
* nød-( tvungen ) landing
If a pilot discovered that the undercarriage had been
* understel
lande sikkert
damaged, he sent out a distress call / signal. Realizing the landing gear was out of order, the pilot had to make an emergency `landing.
* * landingsudstyr * nødlanding
So he prepared to land the plane roughly.
* ublidt
Having prepared to crash-`land, the pilot was prepared
* havarilande
30 to crash-land the plane on the runway, on an airstrip
* … ( flyet )
or landing strip or perhaps on a bare field.
* … landingsbane
In case of a plane in distress, rescue teams along
* i en nødsituation
the runway were ready to come to the airmen’s rescue
* komme ng. til undsætning
and extinguish a possible fire caused by a crash `landing.
* havarilanding
If an aircraft ditches as the pilot tries to ditch his plane he tries to land it in a controlled crash into water.
* start- / landingsbane * provisorisk …
* nødlande på vand
* nødlande sit fly på vand
*
Having searched for survivors and dead bodies, emergency * teams start clearing the debris (U) from a plane crash.
* rydde ngt. op
* vragdele
668 In World War II, tank battles played a major role.
* tank- / panserslag
Both Germany and the Allied forces had sent armoured divisions to North Africa. The armies launched attacks by infantry and armour – tanks and armoured cars. The infantrymen are transported in armoured personal carriers.
* panser* * panserstyrker * panservogn * pansret * mandskabsvogn
The Allied forces planned an assault on German occupation * forces on the continent by sea, land, and air.
* ad søvejen
10 D-day is the day of the invasion of western Europe
* ( D = day: dagen for dagen )
by Allied forces on June 6, 1944 when an armada of
*
landing craft (pl. = sing.) escorded by battleships
* landgangsbåd / -fartøj
set off from England to land soldiers and equipment
* landsætte
on the beaches of Normandie.
*
A landing craft moves soldiers and vehicles directly onto the shore. Even if time and place of the invasion took the Germans
* over land
* med fly
* <<< * *
by surprise, the first landings of soldiers and equipment
* landsætning
were met with strong resistance.
*
20 Heavy fire and shelling cost heavy casualties,
* beskydning * granatbeskydning * koste svære tab
and landmines cost very many allied soldiers their lives.
* landmine
The succesful invasion was a landmark in World War ll.
* milepæl
The major threat to Allied naval supremacy in western
* overherredømme på havet / til søs
skelsættende begivenhed
waters was posed by the German U-boats. These reached their height of effectiveness early in 1943 but by the summer, partly owing to the introduction of Allied
* påføre * højdepunkt *
escort carriers to protect the convoy freighters, 37 U-boats * mindre hangarskib had been sunk and the battle of the Atlantic was over. Sailing in convoy, the small aircraft carriers, destroyers and freighters convoyed much needed supply to Britain. An armada of US naval vessels defeated the Japanese
* sænke * i konvoj * fragtskib * kæmpeflåde
navy in the Pacific.
*
30 Returning home by sea or air, the surviving soldiers were
*
relieved finally to make landfall at their native lands.
* få landkending
Landing in their homeland most sailors and airmen would
* hangarskib
* lande / komme i land
face the difficulties of putting the horrors of war behind them. * lægge ngt. bag sig
* destroyer
* transportere i konvoj * krigsskibe
* fædreland
669 After World War I the Allied Powers imposed
* påtvinge
reparations (pl.) upon defeated Germany.
* erstatning
Germany had to pay war indemnity.
* krigsskadeerstatning
Being a heavy burden on all classes of the German
*
post-`war community, the heavy burden of paying reparations * efterkrigson top of other burdens of post-`war time, unfortunately led to
*
economic recession, sky-`high and sky-`rocketing inflation, * & tilbagegang unimployment and political instability.
* alvorlig / voldsom … / økonomisk tilbagegang
10 and many families were rent / torn asunder by the war.
* splitte ad * krigsår
feeling deprived of hope of brighter prospects
* lysere fremtidsudsigter
and a brigter future, many Germans lost their faith in
*
democracy which prepared / paved the way for the rise of
* berede vejen for
Hitler and the Nazi Party.
*
Although the economy was in deep recession,
* himmelflugtende
*
There was deep recession in the country,
Having endured the hardship of the war years,
* skyhøj
* være i alvorlig / voldsom tilbagegang
Hitler seemed to be able to pull the country out of recession. * trække ( landet ) ud af … / tilbagegangen German electoral shocks shook the European political landscape.
* valgchok
* ryste >
* & billede
20 In 1930 the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei * won a landslide ( election ) victory.
* jordskreds(valg)sejr
The Nazi Party won by a landslide.
* overvældende flertal
In order to avoid the same mistake after World War II
*
the U.S. Secretary of State George C. Marshall proposed
*
a plan, the European Recovery Program, for aiding
*
the war-torn European nations with its war-torn cities
* krigshærget ( kun att. )
in economic recovery.
*
The Marshall Plan was implemented in 1948.
* gennemføre
Countries from both sides of the war, belonging to
*
30 the Western Block, received Marshall Aid. The division of Europe into a Wester and Eastern block split Germany asunder, rent many families asunder, and tore Europe asunder for half a century.
* Vestblokken
* … hjælp
* * splitte * rive flå
* i stykker, itu fra hinanden
* rive bryde
* =
[email protected] 670 To avoid the consequences of internicine trade wars,
* gensidig ødelæggende
the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
* europæisk kul- og stålunion
was created in 1952 by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxenbourg,
*
the Netherlands, and Western Germany.
*
By the Treaty of Rome these six states i 1957 created
* handelskrig
* romtraktaten
the European Economic Community (EEC).
* den europæiske økonomiske union ( de seks )
The European Community (EC) or Common Market
* EU
was created in 1967 when ECSC and EEC merged with
*
the European Atomic Energy Community (EUATOM)
* den europæiske atom energi fællesskab
10 In 1972 the original six members were joined by
*
Denmark, Ireland, and the UK, and later by other countries.
*
During the cold war the threat of a third world war included the threat of (a) nuclear war.
* fællesmarkedet
* den kolde krig * atomkrig
The armed forces were provided with nuclear armament.
* atombevæbning
Intercontinental missiles, both land- and submarine-based,
*
kernevåben
were then armed with nuclear warheads. The idea behind the terror balance is internicine warfare;
* armere
* sprænghoved
gøre sprængklar * gensidig ødelæggende
an attack on one of the super powers would immediately
*
lead to an all-destroying counter-attack.
*
20 The nuclear armaments of the total nuclear armoury
* atomsprængkraft
of the nuclear powers are able to destroy the whole world
*
several times.
*
Probably overburdened with military expenditures,
* krigsførelse
* … arsenal
*
the Sovjet Union agreed to conduct disarmament negotiations * nedrustning with the United States of America. The US and USSR agree on nuclear arms control to stop the nuclear arms race / armaments race. The governments of the superpowers have a huge war chest at their disposal. 30
* * våbenkontrol * våbenkapløb * * have >
* militærbudget
* til sin rådighed
671 The super powers also competed in a space race. The Russians were the first to send a satelite and a man
* rumkapløb *
in orbit while the Americans were the first to land a person
* kredsløb
on the moon.
*
The worlds most powerful rocket, Saturn V, was build to launch the Apollo spacecraft. The rocket was launched from Cape Kennedy
* raket * opsende * opsende
and took off in 1969.
* starte / tage afsted
( Cape Canaveral except 1963 – 73 )
*
10 The spacecraft carried three astronauts.
* astronaut
When the spacecraft was in orbit around the Moon, two astronauts descended to the surface in a lunar module. After a successful soft landing, Niel Armstrong was the first to set foot on the Moon. World-wide TV broadcasted the take off,
* rumfartøj / -skib
* * månemodul * blød … * sætte foden på * start opsendelse
and the Apollo moon landing was watched by millions
*
of viewers all over the world.
*
During the cold war, the superpowers fought many a war
*
by proxy in the third world.
* pr. stedfortræder
20 Local warlords and rebel armies, supported by either
* krigsherre
superpower and armed to the teeth, tried to take control
* bevæbnet til tænderne
of governments in power.
*
At the same time as either of the superpowers
* oprørshær
*
openly supported political arms of friendly oppositional groups, * gren it secretly supported the armed wings of the same groups. Rebel wars and guer(r)illa war(fare) of many reasons are still going on in many parts of the world.
* = * oprørskrig
* … krig ( -sførelse )
*
Rebel groups often find money by armed robberies.
* væbnet røveri
Armed with small arms – handguns and pistols –
* bevæbnet med
* håndvåben
* oversavet
* haglgevær
30 and sawn-off shotguns and rifles they rob banks. Independent organizations appeal to the rebels and the guerillas to lay down their arms. The UN may impose / enforce an arms embargo on a regime or lift its embargo against a country.
* appellere til ng. ( > om at gøre ngt. ) * guerilla ( soldat ) * indføre * hæve … embargo mod
* nedlægge våbnene * våbenembargo
672 Sale of arms to all kinds of buyers with money to spend * våbensalg flourish as ever. Shady arms dealers sell all kinds of weapons to anybody who are able to buy. As long as armed conflicts are common, sales of arms
* købedygtig
* > * blomstre
* som altid
* våbenhandler * købedygtig * væbnet konflikt
* salgsmængden
will continue to be high and the armaments industry
* våben- / rustningsindustri
and the arms trade will still be in clover.
* være ( økonomisk ) velstillet ( i kløver ) have kronede dage
Armed peace is a peace supported or maintained by arms. * væbnet fred A phoney `war (E) is still going on between North
* krig ude kampe
and South Korea, officially at war but not actually fighting.
*
10 Although it’s said that all is fair in love and `war,
* alt er tilladt i krig og kærlighed
civilized countries have agreed to observe / respect
*
the Geneva Convention establishing the rules for
*
the protection of civilians, the human treatment of
*
prisoners of war and wounded troops.
* krigsfange
Violation of the Geneva Convention is a war crime and a person who commits a war crime is a war criminal. Chemical, biological, and germ warfare are considered war crimes. * 20 * * * * * * * * * 30
* krigsforbrydelse * begå en … * kemisk
* biologisk
* krigsforbryder * mikrobe bakterie, virus
* krigsførelse
COING ON (A) HOLIDAY 673 Today the pilots and people in the control tower
* kontroltårn
communicate by radio.
*
From the control tower the air-traffic controllers follow
* flyveleder
the take-off and landing procedures when the planes
* start
take off and land.
*
* landing
A radio beacon is a radiostation that sends a characteristic * radiofyr signal so as to enable ships or airplanes to take the bearing
* for således at
and determine their bearings by means of a radio compass.
* position
A radar beacon uses short-wavelength and short-pulse
* radarfyr
10 (high-frequency) radio waves. Radar is a device for detecting an object and determining its presence and location in space or underground. The direction of the object is ascertained by transmitting
* tage kompasudsvinget * radiokompas * kortbølge
* = højfrekvent
* * * * skaffe sig viden / vished om
a beam of short-wavelength, high-frequency radio waves,
*
and picking up the reflected beam.
* reflekteret
* udsende
tilbagekastet
Distance is determined by timing the journey of
* måle tid på ngt.
the radio waves ( travelling at the speed of light )
*
to the object and back again.
*
Radar equipment includes a radar transmitter, 20 a radar receiver and a radar screen (radarscope). Ships and planes are guided safely to port and airport
* rejse
* radarsender * -modtager
* -skærm
* lede * ved hjælp af …
* overvåge
Planes are often made of light metal or light-alloy metal.
* letmetal
* -legering
With a plane you can make a fast trip to any place.
* hurtig rejsetur
A skycap’s (A) job is to carry people’s bags at the airport.
* lufthavnsportør
Passengers who join (E) a plane are kindly requested,
* tage med et fly
by radar, and much space and sea is monitored by radar.
‘ Fasten your seatbelts, please,’ before the plane takes off.
* lukke spænde
Before the pilot is going to land the plane, a stewardess
* stewardesse
announces,’ We shall be landing shortly – please fasten
* om kort tid
30 your seat belts.
*
Some flights connect with other flight to other destinations. * have forbindelse med Sometimes there are connection flights.
* forbindelsesrute
If a plane is late, you may miss the connection to your
* forbindelse til
next destination.
*
674 Sunday is a holiday (C) in Christian countries.
* helligdag
Some privileged people make holiday (U,E) at pleasure.
* holde fri
They take a holiday / their holiday(s) / the holiday(s)
* tage ferie
* efter behag / forgodtbefindende * =
* =
when they feel like it; when they feel like (having) a holiday. * have lyst til ngt. Permanent employment includes paid holidays.
* ferie(-r)
A package (deal) may include holiday allowance
* pakkeløsning
or a number of days’ paid holiday a year. According to a package, employees working on a holiday,
* helligdag
* feriejob
When the parliament is in recess,
* / på ferie
When it will soon be the holidays, many people are ready to go on (a) holiday / go on their holidays.
* bank lukkedag / officiel fridag
* helligdagsbetaling
Some people have a holiday job.
it has risen for recess and gone in recess.
* feriepenge
overenskomst * betalt ferie
a religious or national holiday, a bank / public holiday (E / A),* national … 10 are entitled to (receive) holiday pay.
* have lyst til ( at holde ) ferie
* / tage … * ferie * tage på …
Many people are on holiday at the religious festivals; they * være på / holde ferie are on their holidays at the feast of Christmas, Easter etc. Some people go on a family holiday, a walking holiday a camping holiday or maybe a skiing holiday.
* =
travel abroad on their holidays. So some people go abroad for their holiday(s) while others go home for the holiday(s). After a holiday / the holiday(s) / their holiday(s), having
* * ferie i udlandet
* på ferie * rejse udenlands * tage til udlandet i ferien * tage hjem på ferie * ferie
returned from (a) holiday / the holiday(s) / their holiday(s),
* =
some people enjoy coming back from
*
holiday / the holiday(s) / their holiday(s).
* =
When people go on holiday for the school holidays
* fest ( -dag ) højtid * fest ( -dag ) højtid
* … ferie
20 Some people go on a foreign holiday; a holiday abroad. * udlandsferie Some people who go to foreign countries on holiday
* =
* tage på ferie
* skoleferie
30 they go on a holiday for the Christmas holidays,
/ -rejse * =
* juleferie
the Easter holidays, the Whitsun holidays
* påske-
* pinse-
the summer holidays or summer vacation
* sommerferie
the autumn holidays or autumn vacation.
* efterårs-
( The autumn vacation and midterm vacation in US.
* efterårsferie
* universitets… * universitets… * midtterminsferie
[email protected] 675 Some people like to holiday on their own
* feriere
and some enjoy holidaying with family or friends.
* =
Some people go on a seaside holiday
* tage på ferie ved havet
and spend their holiday(s) at a seaside resort.
* =
* tilholdssted
A woman will be away on her summer holiday(s).
* være borte i sin … ferie
Having been away on (summer) holiday, she is asked,
* være borte på … ferie
‘ Where have you been for your holiday(s) ? ’
* i ferien
The couple met while on holiday in Wales.
* mens man er på ferie
Parts of Wales are covered with moorland(s) (U / pl.) (eE),
* hede (-områder )
10 high areas covered with rough grass and heather.
* lyng
[ `hedê ]
They went for a walk on the moor(s) (eE, usual. pl.).
* hede
Walking across the heath they had the luck to see
* =
a hawk ( a Montagu’s harrier ) fastening on its pray. Having taken all her pictures she unloads the camera, fetches a new film and reloads the camera. He hands in the exposed but undeveloped film to the photographic dealer for developing / development. As their love affair showed up to be more than
* høg
( * angriber ) hedehøg
* gribe holde fast i
* tømme * få fat i
* genopfylde
* indlevere ngt.
* exponeret
* fotohandler
* ufremkaldt * fremkaldelse
*
a holiday romance, the adventurous couple decide to
* ferieromance
20 have / take (a) vacation (eA).
* tage (på) ferie
* eventyrlysten
The adventuresome (A&) couple are going on (a) vacation * tage på ferie together next year .
*
They are entitled to four-weeks’ paid vacation annually.
* betalt ferie
The adventurers prefer to vacation in the wilds.
* eventyrer
So they plan to travel to a remote part of a country
* fjerntliggende egn
for their vacation to visit a tribe of the indigenous population. * i ens ferie ‘ For God’s sake, be careful ! ’ their parents admonish at the day of departure when the whole tribe turns up. They all concur that you can’t be too careful.
* feriere
* stamme
* slæng * være enig i at * … i ngt.
they all concur ( with each other ) in this view.
* … ( med ng. ) i / om ngt
Some tribes use to practice headhunting.
* hovedjægeri
Going on a headhunt to headhunt, the headhunters
* hovedjagt
* jagte hoved
hunted down and decapitated a victim and known as
* jagte sig frem til ng.
head shrinkers they preserved the head as a trophy.
* hovedskrumper
searching for new employees esp. for highly skilled ones. A head shrinker is slang for a psychiatrist.
* indfødt / oprindelig … ( urbefolkning )
* for guds / himmelens skyld
30 As everybody concurs with this view,
In modern societies headhunting is the practice of active
* uberørte områder
* headhunting * * hjernevrider
* hovedjæger
* fjerne hovedet fra ng. * bevare konservere
676 The visitors arrive at a period of fast.
* fasteperiode
As the gods expect a defe`rential treatment, the tribe fasts * respektfuld
* faste
ærbødig
for a definite period of time to show `deference to their gods.* i It’s a sacrilege to break the fast at the wrong moment, not to do one’s sacred duties and to violate a sacred right. On the holy day after the sacred fast, the tribe prepares
* stykke tid
* vise respekt / ærbødighed overfor * helligbrøde * bryde fasten * på det forkerte tidspunkt i utide * hellig * pligt * bryde * fredhellig * ret ukrænkelig rettighed * hellig ( dag ) * hellig * faste
to sacrifice for their gods’ sake and for the sake of their joy. * ofre
* for ngt. skyld blote * mandlig stammemedlem
The tribesmen and tribeswomen make preparations to sacrifice an animal out of deference to their gods
* ofre ngt.
* for ngs. skyld * kvindelig …
* i respekt / ærbødighed for * … overfor
10 and have a sacrificial feast in deference to their wishes. * offermåltid They have caught a wild boar in a trap placed under
* fange ngt. i en fælde
* vildsvin
* tynget af …
a fruit-laden tree. So as to carry the animal, they fasten it to a bar.
* for at
At the holy day, the tribespeople deck themselves (out)
* stammefolk
in / with a variety of ornament(s).
* fastgøre til
* stang * pynte / udsmykke sig * pynt pyntegenstand * hellig
* i / med
Every detail in the ornamentation has a sacred significance * udsmykning so it’s certainly not art for art’s sake.
* kunst for kunstens skyld
The sacrificial place is decorated with ornamentation.
* offerplads
The place of sacrifice is decked (out) in / with holly
* ofringsplads
20 and sacred ornaments.
* hellig
The ornately carved altar, sacred to the gods, is richly, exquisitely and lavishly ornamented with carvings. Decked (out) with ornamented headbands,
* kunstfærdigt
* indviet til
* =
* udsmykket med
* udsmykke ngt. med
the sacrificial priests are decked (out) in sacred ornaments
*
and decked (out) with sacrificial tools.
* offer- / ofrings-
Some ornate objects are for practical use and some are only for ornament. Ornamented with feathers, pearls and body paintings,
* dekorere / pynte med * pynte
* udsmykning pynt * kristtorn udsmykke * pyntegenstande
* rigt
* overdådigt * udskæring
* udsmykket
* hoved- / pandebånd * udsmykning
* kunstfærdigt udsmykket * til pynt * udsmykket med
the priests make a sacred fire on the sacrificial altar.
* hellig
* offer…
30 At the sacrifice, with a fast hold of the sacrificial knife,
* ofring
* offer…
the priest kills the sacrificial boar as a sacrifice. They offer (up) the sacrifice to the gods for the sake of the tribe’s fortune. For goodness’ sake, let us be blessed with vigour, luxuriance, lushness, and fertility. ’ For mercy’s sake and for pity’s sake, allow us
* offer-
* som et offer
* ofre ngt. til
* af hensyn til
* * for guds skyld ( godheds ) * ( plante ) frodighed
* velsignet med * =
* livskraft * frugtbarhed
* for guds skyld
* = ( barnhjertighed, nåde ) ( medlienhed, medynk ) to benefit by treating mother nature with great `deference ! ’ * drage nytte af at * behandle ng. med ærbødighed
everybody in the tribe concurs deferentially.
* samstemme
* respektfuldt ærbødigt
677 The elder ones do each other favours for old times’ sake.* for gammel venskabs skyld In times of ill fortune, the elder ones make sacrifices;
* bringe ofre
they make sacrifices for the sake of the younger men
* … for ngs. skyld
and for the women of childbearing age.
* i den fødedygtige alder
The elder ones make sacrifices to contribute to the welfare of the tribe. Without asking the concurrence of their relatives, they are ready to make sacrifices so that the tribe can survive. Even if a crises is caused by an unfortunate concurrence
* bringe ofre for at
* bidrage til
* * enighed * bringe ofre * et … samspil
10 of events, they are prepared to make the final / supreme
* bringe det højeste
sacrifice, giving their life as a sacrifice for ill advice.
* offer som et offer for
At the day of departure, the chief / headman of the tribe
* høvding
asks, ‘ Is the sacrifice of one’s free life to modern civilisation
* det at ofre ngt. for ngt.
worthwhile / worth while? ‘
* værd at bruge tid på noget værd
Both worlds concur that life leaves its trace on anyone.
* være enig i / om at
The landscape changes concurrently as the adventurors
* samtidig
follow the river on their way back to the so-called civilisation. The earth’s surface is constantly eroded by the steady
* afsætte sine spor
* * erodere nedbryde
action of wind and weather, currents and rough sea.
* vejr og vind
20 Plate tectonics and volcanic activity concurrent with
* kontinentalpladebevægelser
* ( vand-) strøm
* oprørt hav * samtidig med
erosion of the earth’s surface steadily change its morphology. * erosion
* morfologi form og struktur Concurrent circumstances sometimes concur to make up * samtidige * være sammen om at * skabe sammenfaldne opbygge a concurrence of events with a lot dramatic consequences. * sammenfald / samspil af
Ice expands, as the only solid, with falling temperature / increasing frost between 0 and – 4 * C. When water freezes to ice in cracks and tiny crevices in rock faces, it exerts great force, able to burst rock.
* udvide sig
* fast stof
* faldende …
* tiltagende … * spalte
* bittesmå
* overflade
* udøve
* revne * sprænge
Washed away by rain, springs, brooks, streams and rivers, * skylle ngt. bort the ‘debris (U), carried along by the flowing water,
* nedbrydningsmateriale
* strømmende
[ A: de`bri~ ]
30 erodes the earth’s solid surface.
* erodere nedbryde
So rock and soil are constantly eroding.
* erodere
As physical powers steadily erode away rock and soil,
* borterodere
nedbrydes
mountains, cliffs, rocks, and soil gradually erode away. Erosion eats away and wears away rock and soil so mountains, cliffs, rocks and soil wears away over time. Eroding the bottom and the banks of the water courses, the currents eat () away beds of clay, sand, chalk and rock.
* borteroderes * bortgnave
* nedbryde / -slide
* slides bort
* med tiden
* = * bortgnave
* lag leje
678 As the currents slow down on their way to a lake
*
or the sea, they deposit layers of sediments on the bottom
* aflejre
according to coarseness perhaps forming a delta.
* delta
Depending on the flow of the current, the depositions /
* aflejring
deposits consist of sediments of a certain grain / particle size.* = Typical sediments are in order of increasing coarseness,
* korn / partikelstørrelse
* grovhed
clay, mud, silt, sand, gravel, pebbles, cobbles,
* mudder
and boulders. ( mud is a mixture of ckay and silt )
* kampesten
* silt
* grus
* rullesten ral
* håndsten
blok
Plate tectonics, volcanic activity, wind and weather,
*
10 erosion, deposition (U) of sediments, constantly change
* aflejring
the physical structure of the Earth’s surface.
*
The current forms channels in the river bed.
* dyb rende
Water courses may change their course due to erosion
* erosion
and upheavel(s) and subsidence(s) of land. On their way to the sea, big rivers, some long since dried `up, have formed vast plains and deep valleys. At the end of its journey, the debris ends up in the sea
* flodseng
* hævning
* sænkning
* * tørre ud *
where it settles on the `sea bed or ocean bed forming
* aflejre sig
banks on the floor of the sea or ocean ( sea `floor (E) /
* bund
* havbund
* banke
20 (A) seafloor ) and perhaps a delta at the mouth of the river. * delta At the fishing grounds and fishing banks the fishing boats catch the ground fish. Constant worry erodes the nerves of the wives as many fishermen have found a watery grave.
* fiskeplads * bundfisk * slide på * lide druknedøden
Sailors are said to have a girl in every port.
*
No matter to which extend this may be true, incipient
* spirende
suspicion easily erodes the confidence of a sailor’s wife.
* -banke
* nedbryde
Erosion of a spouse’s confidence often leads to divorce.
* nedbrydning
During the financial crisis payments eroded with alarming
* smuldre, tabe i værdi udhules
30 speed; they were eroded by a galloping / runaway
* udhule ngt.
inflation.
*
Many had to sell their valuables at a sacrifice. During the military regime, the citizens’ personal freedom gradually eroded away. Their personal freedom was eroded away by a totalitarian, oppressive and brutal regime.
* sælge ngt. med tab * * smuldre bort * totalt udhule ngt. *
* galloperende / løbsk
679 When people fast, they either abstain from all food,
* faste
or eat only sparingly of certain kinds of food,
* sparsomt
either as a religious observance or for reasons of health.
*
They may observe a fast-day, a period of fasting or a season of fasting. Lent is the Christian period of fasting and penance preceeding Easter. Beginning on Ash Wednesday, the Lenten fast covers
* afholde sig fra
* fastedag
* fasteperiode
* fastesæson * fastetiden før påske
* faste
* bod, bodsøvelse / -gang
* * aske onsdag
40 days, in emulation of Christ’s 40 days in the `wilderness. * efterligning 10 In the Middle Ages the fast was more or less observed,
kappestrid * højtidelig- / helligholde
especially with the prohibition against / on eating meat, but
* forbud mod at
since the Reformation the rules have been generally relaxed
* slække på
in both Roman Catholic and Protestant Churches.
*
* før påske fasten * ørkenvandring
lempe
Before Ash Wednesday comes Shrovetide ie. Shrove Sunday, Shrove Monday and Shrove Tuesday. Shrove Tuesday was long observed as a season
* fastelavn * fastelavns søndag etc * højtid -sdag
of merrymaking. Christians who fasted in the middle ages had to eat Lenten fare and abstain from eating meat.
* have det sjovt * * fastekost
* afholde sig fra at
20 As fish wasn’t considered meat, Scandinavian fish markets * had their heyday in the middle ages.
* storhedstid
Church authority may impose a penitential discipline.
* bodsmæssig
Feeling penitence for their sin, a penitent sinner may go
* anger over ngt.
to a Lenten sermon to express her penitence. Doing / performing penance ( for her sin ), she expresses her regret and remorse for her wrongdoing.
* fasteprædiken
* *
30
* angrende * anger
* gøre bodsøvelse * anger, sorg fortrydelse
*
* tugtøvelse
* =
INQUISITION
[email protected]
680 The crowned heads together with the aristocracy
* kronet hoved
have been at the head of the secular affairs for years.
* i spidsen for
Unfortunately, bribery and corruption has always intruded into secular as well as ecclesiastic(al) institutions.
* verdslig
* * gejstlig kirkelig
So some people, even weak in the head, get / have a head `start by corruption.
* svag begavet * få / have et forspring
It gives them a head start on / over other candidates.
* give ng. … frem for ng.
This way, incompetent leaders, make headway in career
* komme frem gøre fremskridt
by being promoted over the heads of the others.
* foran
10 Corruption often heads () off efforts to replace
* forhindre
incompetent leaders.
*
Although it’s proclaimed that heads will roll for corruption
* hoveder vil rulle
it seems to raise its (ugly) head everywhere
* stikke sit ( grimme ) hoved frem
and thrive all the same.
*
Although some institutions have a too large headcount corruption makes it difficult to cut (down on) headcount. Various churches are at the head ot the ecclesiastic(al) or clerical affairs.
* antal medarbejdere * = * kirkeretning
* gejstlig kirkelig
* gejstlig præste-
The Pope in the Holy See in Rome is (the) head of 20 the Roman `Catholic Church and of Ca`tholicism in all [ ka#lik ]
* pave
* pavestolen
* romersk katolske kirke
* overhoved * katolisisme
[ ka#ålêsizm ]
its catho`licity.
* al- / mangesidighed
Many `Catholics are more catholic than the church
* katolik
They have more catholic tastes and interests
* =
and are more catholic in their sympathies.
* alsidig, frisindet fordomsfri
* =
The Roman Carholic Church is headquatered in Rome.
* have hovedkvarter
It has it’s headquaters (pl.) / head `office in the Vatican.
* =
* Vatikanet
So the headquaters of the Roman Catholic Church is / are * = in the Vatican in the middle of Rome. ( The Vatican State was established in 1929.
* * Vatikan Staten
30 It includes St. Peter’s Church and the Vatican Palace
* Skt. Peters Kirken
which is the Pope’s chief residence. )
*
Headquaters in the Vatican rule(s) the Church under leadership of the Pope. When a Pope has died, the cardinals chose the new Pope to carry out / perform the headship of the Church.
* hovedkvarteret * * * lederskabet
* vatikan paladset
681 In the days of the Inquisition, the Roman Catholic
* inkvisition
Church wanted to put all control of heresy in papal hands.
* lægge ngt. >
If baptized Roman Catholics willfully and persistently
* kætteri
* trosartikel / -sætning
of committing heresy and condemned them as heretics.
* begå kætteri
* kætter
* magtfaktor
to be reckoned with, the Inquisition was established
* som skal tages alvorligt
to deal with / face / tackle / meet heresy head-on.
* tage sig af ngt.
There has been a head-on confrontation between 10 the Catholic Church and various heretical sects th
and from the 16 century with the Protestants.
* i ng’s hænder
* døbt
rejected any article of faith, the Church would accuse them
As heresy was a religious as well a political force
* pavelig
* takle ngt. * gående lige til sagen
* direkte * kættersk
* sekt
*
A cardinal is appointed by the Pope to head the Inquisition. * lede stå i spidsen for
As the head of the Inquisition and head of department
* chef leder
it’s the head inquisitor’s job to head () up the Inquisition. The Inquisition or the Holy Office ordains that
* hoved* =
any heretic must be put to trial in order to control
retslig undersøgelse * kætter
any heretic(al) provocation of public disorder
* kættersk
and arrest anybody provoking an uprising.
* fremkalde
* =
* lede stå i spidsen for * bestemme forordne * ret, -ssag rettergang * fremkaldelse af / ophidselse til ngt.
ophidse til
The Inquisition is a power and the inquisitor a person
* magt
20 to be reckoned with, so any heretic will have
* ( ngt. / ng, ) der skal tages alvorligt / i betragtning
the inquisitor and the Inquisition to reckon with.
* at tage alvorligt / i betragtning
The headquarters support(s) the local inquisitors.
* hovedkvarter
The inquisitors have to inform head office.
* hovedkontor
The main office often allow(s) / give(s) them their head.
* give ng. frie tøjler
A local inquisition is headed by a local inquisitor
* lede
* & udspørger undersøger
/ frit spil
who holds office in a local inquisitorial office. At school he was reckoned (to be) the wise head of the class always having his head in a book. The teacher did a headcount to check that none of the pupils were truanting / playing truant.
* have sit embede
* inkvisitionskontor (-bygning )
* være regnet / anset for ( at være )
* kloge hoved
* være begravet i en bog * foretage en persontælling *
In physical education, in gymnastics they do exercises / * legemsøvelser gymnastics such as standing on their head
( skolefag ) * gymnastik
30 and standing on their hands.
* … hænder
A headstand is easier to do than a handstand.
* det at stå på hovedet
Having a good `head on his shoulders, apparently
* have et godt hoved
* gymnastik ( i sal )
være kvik i pæren
( being / standing ) head and shoulders above the rest,
* overgå i evner og begavelse
he was one year chosen to be headboy (E)
* drenge elevrepresentant for skolen
together with a headgirl to represent the school.
* pige-
* lave øvelser * stå på hovedet
* håndstand
682 Having had a sense of vocation already in his youth,
* føle et kald
the inquisitor had felt a call(ing) to serve God.
* føle et kald til at
He was said to have an old head on young shoulders.
* ~ være gammelklog
Having felt / had a vocation to the priesthood,
* … til præstegerningen
he had applied to a seminary. Having a head for books, he had been admitted to the seminary ( theological collage (E) / (A) seminary ). Already familiar with / (well) versed in Latin
* søge om optagelse
* præsteskole ( glds: skole)
* være boglig * præstesaminarium * fortrolig med / velbevandret i
gave him a head `start (on / over the other candidates).
* give ng. et forspring ( frem for ng.)
10 ‘ He’ll be famous one day, I reckon,’ a teacher said.
* regne med forestille sig
‘ What do you reckon ? ‘ he asked a colleague. The teachers had `drummed the articles of faith into the heads of the saminarians. Eventually, the students could rattle () off / reel () off the articles, standing on their heads. The seminarians had it drummed into their heads that
* = * banke ngt. ind > * i hovedet på ng.
* præsteseminarieelever
* lire ngt. af * uden besvær * få / have ngt. banket ind i hovedet
the Church cannot tolerate any departure / deviation from
* afvigelse fra
the Catholic articles of faith and as the world is out of joint,
* af lave
there is an urgent need to a`ddress the question of heresy.
* rette opmærksomheden mod
20 When the newly qualified inquisitor first started his job,
give sig i kast med, tage fat på * nyuddannet
he felt he had to prove himself ( to his superiors ).
* bevise sit værd
* … overfor ng.
The inquisitor proved (himself) determined.
* vise sig at være
* beslutsom målbevidst
As he proved (himself) determined to succeed,
* fast besluttet på at
he proves (himself) ( to be ) a very determined inquisitor. Within the Church, the Inquisition and the inquisitor are reckoned (to be) successful / a success so far.
* vise sig at være
* spørgsmål om problem med
* beslutsom målbevidst
* * regnes / anses for ( at være )
Now, the inquisitor doesn’t have anything to prove.
* bevise
He certainly doesn’t have to prove himself to others –
* vise sit værd overfor ng.
his record speaks for itself.
* omdømme
30 The Church, however doesn’t reckon to defeat heresy
* regne med at
in the foreseeable future.
* indenfor en overskuelig fremtid
bedrifter
Rumours are rife that the inquisitor sees heresy raising its ugly head everywhere. His suspicions must have run rife as he sees popular belief rife with superstition and heresy everywhere. In his head, heresy is rife in popular belief, and he sees offences under this heading occuring all over.
* et udbredt rygte siger at * stikke hovedet frem * sprede sig ukontrolleret * folketro * i ngs. hoved / forestillingsverden * under denne kategori
* fuld af ngt. * være udbredt
683 Even if he had his head screwed on ( straight / right ),
* være fornuftig
reading must have turned his head, as the inquisitor
* gøre svimmel
sees rampant and widespread heresy everywhere.
* vildtvoksende / vidt udbredt
sætte én fluer i hovedet
He must have had his head turned with too much
* være forskruet af
religious reading as he sees heresy run rife everywhere.
* udbrede sig ukontrolleret
In his imagination, a rampantly growing number of
* i ngs. forestillingsverden
people come under the heading of heretics. `He needs ( to have ) his `head examined,’ some more
* i kategorien af * burde have / få hovedet undersøgt
moderate colleagues say, shaking their head.
* ryste på …
10 ‘ Tell the inquisitor the truth if you want to,
*
but on your (own) head be it,’ one of them warns.
* det bliver på eget ansvar
* vildt voksende
684 The accusation is arranged under a few heads.
* anklage
The inquisitor finds the head of the first chapter.
* overskrift
* overskrift hovedafsnit
The chapter is headed, ‘ Accusation of heading a heretical * stå i spidsen for lede
revolt.’
*
The inquisitor reads the first chapter heading.
* overskrift
The heading reads,’ Accusation of a calculated attempt
* =
to instigate (a) heretical revolt.
* velovervejet
* forsøg
* anstifte, iværksætte opfordre til
Having got it into his head that he has seen the accused
* sætte sig i hovedet / få den ( fikse ) ide at
before the inquisitor got it into his head to prove that
* & beslutte sig til at
10 the heretical assault was done at his instigation.
* & på ng’s opfordring
Having taken it into his head that the riot was launched
* sætte sig i hovedet at
at the instigation of the accused, the inquisitor intends to
* på foranledning /
prove the accused (to be) guilty of assault.
* skyldig i ngt.
tilskyndelse / opfordring af ng.
Suspecting the accused of attempted revolt, the inquisitor * mistænke ng. for ngt. has taken it into his head to prove him (to be) the head of
* sætte sig i hovedet at
the assaulters and guilty of having instigated the assault
* anstifte, iværksætte
as part of a heretical revolt.
*
ophidse til
As the inquisitor suspects the accused of having been
* i spidsen for
at the head of the riot and having headed the rioters,
* stå i spidsen for
20 he intends to prove him (to be) the instigator of a revolt.
* bevise at ng. er ngt.
være leder af
He wants to give definite proof of the accused’s guilt.
* give (afgørende) bevis for
A procession of the clergy had marched through the streets; * gejstligheden clerical dignitaries and ecclesiastic(al) notables at the head, * gejstlig
* kirkelig
and, at the tail `end or rear, a throng of practising laypeople, * allerbagest
* skare
a motley crew of laypersons, laymen and laywomen. Before the start of the march, members of the procession had bowed their heads in prayer. The inquisitor together with other notable clergymen
* broget skare
* lægperson
* i spidsen * lægfolk * -mand
* -kvinde
* * bøje hovedet i * gejstlig ( person ) præst
and ecclesiastics had headed the march.
* =
30 Crowds had thronged the streets.
* fylde trænges i
Thronging into town, thronging throught the streets, people had thronged to see the procession.
* flokkes * flokkes, trænges stimle sammen
The town had been thronged with people from all `over.
* være fyldt til randen med ngt.
It had been thronging with people from everywhere.
* være …
( from (everywhere) far and near / near and far ?? ) Marching at the head of the procession,
* * i spidsen for
wearing his characteristic headdress, the inquisitor had been
* hovedbeklædning
hit on the head by missiles and had lost his headgear (U).
* ramt i hovedet
/ -pynt * kasteskyts
* hovedbeklædning / -pynt
[email protected] 685 ‘ Heads up ! ’ people in the crowd had cried. The inquisitor’s bald head had glistned in the blazing sun
* pas på * skaldet hoved
as he, in spite of an excruciating pain, had turned his head
* ulidelig
to spot the instigators of the assault.
* anstifter
* skinne glinse * dreje hovedet
ophavsmand
The assailants had been wearing headscarves to cover their faces. The assault had seemed to be headed by a person,
* overfaldsmand * * anføre
also wearing a headscarf but a (good) head taller than
* hovedtørklæde
the rest of the crowd and therefore especially noticed
*
10 by the inquisitor.
*
Having headed the procession off,
* hovedtørklæde
* et ( godt ) hoved højere
* afskære ng. vejen lede ng. i en anden retning
the assaulters made good their headlong escape. The police, wearing headpieces,
* gennemføre >
* hovedkulds
* flugt
* hovedbeklædning hjelm
were too late to head off / intercept the fleeing assailants.
* <<<
Throwing off his headcloth, the real head of the assaulters * hovedtørklæde had got away headlong.
* leder hovedmand
* =
* over hals og hoved
The police had run around like headless chickens.
* løbe omkring som forvildede ( hovedløse ) høns
They had pleaded as (an) extenuation that they don’t
* fremføre at
have eyes in the back of their `heads.
* have øjne i nakken
20 They hadn’t reckoned on (having) a riot.
* regne med ( at ) ngt.
The had calculated on a peaceful march and hadn’t calculated on violence flaring (up). They had doubted that the heretics dared (to) raise hell, but they had reckoned without their determination. They had reckoned without their `host as they had not reckoned with the excitement of the crowd. They didn’t reckon with getting caught up in the swarm or being stuck in the throng. In order to make the heresy headless, the inquisition had 30 offered headmoney for the betrayal of the heretics.
* formildning formildnende omstændighed
* regne med ngt. * … at ng. / ngt. gør ngt. * lave en helvedes ballade * =
* ikke regnet med
* gøre regning uden vært * ikke regne med * … at * * gøre ngt. uden leder * udlove
* dusør
£ 50 had been placed on the leader’s head.
* sætte en pris på ngs. hoved
The assault had embarrassed the church and the clergy.
* bringe ng. i knibe / forlegenhed
The inquisitor had felt the situation excruciatingly painful
* ulidelig
and embarrassing – a`cutely embarrassed at the situation,
* blusse op
* pinlig
very / deeply / highly embarrassed about his reactions,
* flov / forlegen / pinlig til mode / pinligt berørt ved ngt. * meget / særdeles … over ngt.
he had really looked embarrassed.
* se … ud
He groans at the memory, suffering all over again the acute / excruciating embarrassment of those moments.
* yderst
* * ulidelig pinefuld
* =
* flovhed forlegenhed
686 Years later, a suspect is arrested, questioned
* udspørge ng.
and in`terrogated.
* forhøre ng.
Having asked ( the prisoner ) his name, the police ask (him) a lot of questions. Having a question on his identity, the police very first question him on his age, date and place of birth. Having questions about the recent and the distant past, the police then question him closely about his past. The suspect answers their questions readily / willingly.
* spørge ( ng. ) om ngt. * stille ( ng. ) spørgsmål * have et spørgsmål gående på
* allerførst
* spørge ng. om ngt. * have spørgsmål om
* nær
* fjern
* udspørge ng. indgående om ngt. * svare på
* fortid * =
* spørgsmål
* beredvilligt
besvare
Accused by the inquisition, the suspect is about to be
*
put through an inquisitorial examination.
* udsætte for
10 During the inquisitorial procedure, the inquisitor has
underkaste * =
the right to interrogate and, in the end, he has the right
* forhøre
to judge the accused (guilty or not guilty).
* dømme ng. ( ngt. )
Having the right both to interrogate the suspect and judge the case, he acts as both interrogator and judge. Going to submit the accused to an interrogation,
* inkvisitorisk
* udspørgen forhør * procedure fremgangsmåde
* forhøre ng. * dømme i sagen * underkaste ng. ngt.
the inquisitor intends to put the man in question through
* trække ng. >
a gruelling examination / interrogation.
* skrap, anstrengende
* forhør
* det drejer sig om
* … gennem
* udspørgen / forhør
udmattende, opslidende
Many suspects confess after some time
*
under interrogation.
* under …
20 The accused holds his head `high as he has never even
* holde ryggen rank
thought of committing assault.
* tænke på at
He holds up his `head as he has never harmed / hurt / touched a hair on anybody’s head.
* << * krumme et hår på ngs. hoved
He never thought to come in conflict with the law.
* forvente at
Nevertheless, his name is at the head of the page
* øverst på
and his name is heading the list of the accused (pl.).
* ( komme ) i konflikt med
* være øverst / først på
With his head erect, the accused shakes his head, prepared to deny / rebut / refute the false accusation.
* ryste på …
* med løftet hoved / oprejst pande * afvise / benægte / gendrive / modbevise
What proof(s) have you that I’m guilty ? he inquires.
* bevis (-er )
30 The accusation seems refutable so it’s is met with
* gendrivelig
(a) firm rebuttal / refutation.
* skarp afvisning
modbevislig modbevis
With his head high, the accused shakes his head at
* <<
the accusation, ready to deny / refute / deny any suggestion * afvise / benægte or rumour that he has ever participated in a riot or a revolt. Ready to refute any argument suggesting rebelliousness,
* rygte om at * afvise
he rebuts any argument that he is in any way a rioter or rebel. * gendrive
* << over / ad * antydning >
687 Questioning what the accused has alleged,
* sætte spørgsmålstegn ved /
the inquisitor now questions who the accused is in fact.
* =
betvivle hvxx
Having got it into his head that the accused must be
* sætte sig i hovedet / få den fikse ide at
much older than he says, the inquisitor questions his identity. * sætte spørgsmålstegn ved betvivle
As the inquisitor questions whether the person in question * … hvorvidt is the one he gives himself out to be,
* give sig ud for ( at være )
he will try to prove that the accused is an imposter.
* bevise at
So he tries to prove the accused (to be) somebody else,
* bevise at ng. er + N
and prove him to have committed a number of crimes.
* … gør ngt.
10 He tries to prove who the accused really are,
* bevise hvxx
prove why he is guilty, prove what crimes he has committed, * = and prove where, when and how they were committed. The accused, for his part, hopes (that) new evidence will prove his true identity and prove him (to be) innocent. Intent (up)on proving his innocence, he tries try to prove his innocence to the inquisition. All the witnesses confirm the identity and date of birth stated by the accused which proves the inquisitor wrong. Even if the inquisitor has a ( good ) head for facts, 20 he must have a poor head for figures. Even though the facts are calculable, he has difficulties
* = * * bevise ngt.
at ng. er + adj.
* bevise ngt. * … ngt. overfor ng. * vidne * ( be-) vise at ng. ( er + adj.) * være god til at huske * være dårlig til tal / regning * beregnelig
doing a sum in his head; he can’t work the calculation out. * regne ud i hovedet He can’t work it out in his head.
* regne det ud
Making a mistake in reckoning, he miscalculates.
* regne / regning
* … stykket …
* regne forkert
Making a wrong calculation, he makes a miscalculation. * lave en udregning
* … regnefejl fejlvurdering
foretage en vurdering Calculating the age of the accused, he makes him too old. * udregne ngt
As he mistakenly reckons his age at more than he is,
* fejltagende ( tage fejl )
* udregne ngt. til ngt.
he recons him to be old enough at the time of the assault.
* … ngt. til
30 As he calculates / reckons that the accused must be
* udregne at
more than 25, he calculates / reckons that the accused
* regne med /
could be old enough to be the one behind the assault.
* stå bag
gå ud fra at
The assessors lay their `heads together.
* meddommer
They put their heads together to assess
m. særlig fagkundskab * =
whether the man in question is a mistaken identity. By their reckoning, the accused would have been too young by the time (that) the riot took place. This assumption begs the question that he could have been the assailant in question.
* om
* stikke hovederne sammen
* der er tale om
* ud fra ng’s beregning * på det tidspunkt ( da ) * rejse spørgsmålet om * pågældende
* vurdere * forveksling
688 By tacit agreement, the assessors try to curb
* ved stiltiende overenskomst
the inquisitor’s delusions.
*
Having put their `heads together, the assessors demand an acquittal on the count of assault. There may be evidence, but no proof that the accused
* stikke hovederne sammen * frifindelse på
* ( anklage ) punkt om
* tegn på vidnesbyrd om
is guilty on that count.
*
The accused cocks his head.
* dreje
His head cocked to one side, he nods his head
* vendt
vende * nikke med hovedet
in agreement, relying on the assesors tacit support.
* stiltiende
10 The inquisitor hangs his head for a short while.
* hænge med hovedet
He cannot get it into his head.
* få ngt. ind i sit hoved
He scratches his bald head thoughtfully.
* kradse
forstå * skaldet
* =
klø
The unlikeliness of the accused being the assailant now
*
begs the question of how prove the accused guilty on other * rejse spørgsmålet om counts ( of indictment eA ). As the inquisitor takes it into his head that the accused
* bevise ng. skyldig på
* ( anklage-) punkt * få den ide at
must somehow be guilty of heretical beliefs,
* kættersk
he takes it into his head to provide tangible evidence of
* <<
and tangible proof of heresy.
* bevis på
20 The inquisitive inquisitor has a (good) head for
* spørgelysten
making leading `questions out of his own head.
nysgerrig, emsig * ledende spørgsmål
* ( frem-) skaffe * håndgribelig
* tegn / vidnesbyrd på
vidnesbyrd om
Calculating (that) the accused is infected with heresies, he poses a lot of provocative and inquisitorial questions. Bombarding him with searching and probing questions,
* have gode evne for
* ud af eget hoved som man selv finder på * regne med at * inficeret af * kætterier besmittet med * udfordrende * inkvisitorisk ophidsende anklagende * bombardere ng. med * uddybende * =
he asks him a lot of difficult questions about orthodoxy.
* stille ng.
Putting a lot of calculated questions to the accused,
* stille ng. >
he asks him tricky questions, cakculated to make him
* stille ng.
say too much / let his tongue run away with him.
* sige for meget
* spørgsmål om * velberegnet udspekuleret * vildledende
* rettroenhed * spørgsmål * beregnet på / til at
tale over sig
The inquisitor asks open questions, questions 30 that don’t need ’Yes’ or ’No’ as an answer. Everytime the accused tries to avoid, evade or sidestep
* stille
* åbent spørgsmål som
* * undvige
an awkward question about his whereabouts and doings,
* ubehagelig
the inquisitor rephrases the question.
* gentage
ubekvem
The inquisitor’s calculating questioning is calculated to
* beregnende
* udspørgen
make the accused give himself away
* røbe sig
and let the cat out of the bag.
* røbe noget hemmeligt
* <<
689 The inquisitor also asks rhetorical questions;
* stille retorisk spørgsmål
questions which are asked only to make a statement
*
or to produce an effect rather than to get an answer.
*
’ Should we tacitly let heresy be spread by the spawn of Satan,’ the inquisitor asks rhetorically. The inquisitor calculatedly tries to trip () `up the accused by artful questioning.
* stiltiende * retorisk * udspekuleret
the accused getting entangled in contradictions.
satse på * vikle sig ind i
10 Reckoning on contradictions, he calculatingly
* regne med
reckons on entangling the accused in contradictions.
* … at
contradictions, and speak his `mind heretically.
* spænde ben for få ng. til at begå en fejl * udspørgen
* udspekuleret
Calculating on contradictions, the inquisitor calculates on * regne med
He reckons (that) the accused will entangle himself in
* yngel
* selvmodsigelse
* beregnende
* regne med * på kættersk vis
* vikle sig ind * sige sin uforbeholdne mening
Laying a trap, the inquisitor tries to entrap the accused.
* lægge en fælde
He tries to entrap him into making a mistake.
* lokke ng. til at gøre ngt.
Artfully setting traps, he tries to make the accused
* sætte …
walk / fall into a trap and trip up.
* gå / falde i en …
So the accused needs to keep his `head.
* holde hovedet koldt
He needs to keep a clear / cool / calm `head,
* =
20 and take care not to lose his `head. It’s difficult to calculate what ulterior motive and hidden a`genda lie behind his questions. It’s impossible to calculate whether the inquisitor
* regne ud hvad * skjult dagsorden
The accused cannot calculate why the inquisitor
* regne ud hvorfor
so as he wants to scapegoat the accused. He may want to make him a scapegoat for heresy.
* ligge bagved
* syndebuk * gøre ng. til syndebuk * … for ngt. * … hvor / hvornår
may be a catch in the questioning.
* fælde i
and extricate himself ( from the entanglements) .
* bagtanke
* ikke kunne lide
30 The accused tries to calculates where and when there
It’s difficult to calculate how to get (a)round the traps
* lave en fejl ( snuble )
* regne ud om * få modvilje mod
Maybe the inquisitor needs a scapegoat / `fall guy (eA),
* fange ng. i en fælde
* tabe hovedet
wants the truth or has taken a dislike to the accused.
seems to dislike him.
* … at ng.
* regne ud hvordan / -ledes * vikle sig ud
* komme udenom ( af * forvikling )
[email protected] 690 Having a good headpiece,
* have et godt hoved
the accused keeps his head under provocation.
* holde hovedet koldt
He uses his head to work out clever answers.
* under provokation
* bruge hovedet til at
Having a long head, the accused makes little / some head * være dreven
* nogen fremskridt
/ forudseende * … med
/ headway in / with (a) counterproof. Having a good head on his shoulders,
* modbevis
* være et kvikt hoved
he makes much head / headway against the accusation.
* fremskridt imod
He somehow turns / stands the accused’s main defence
* vende ngt. >
argument on its head.
* på hovedet
10 The inquisitor can do that on his head.
* så let som ingenting / at klø sig i nakken
The assessors, however, dislike his procedure.
* ikke bryde sig om / kunne lide ngt,
They dislike, in fact, being (a) withess to
* … at
the inquisitor’s scheme against the accused.
* være vidne til
* plan mod
Whether a hidden agenda they dislike witnessing his tacit scheme to make a scapegoat of the accused. They want tangible grounds for suspicion,
* skjult dagsorden
* være vidne til
* uudsagt * klar tydelig
tangible evidence and tangible proof of guilt. The question arises as to whether the inquisitor is
* = * spørgsmålet melder sig / opstår
following acceptable court / legal procedures.
*
20 The assessors feel they need to prove a point.
* bevise en pointe
In their opinion you should be innocent until proved guilty.
* bevist skyldig
To prove their point they put their heads together as they * stikke hovederne sammen want to knock the inquisitor’s scheme on the head
* sætte en stopper for torpedere
They want to put the mad scheme out of his head.
* få ngt. ud af ngs. hoved
He had better get / put it out of his head.
* nok hellere lade den fugl flyve
As the inquisitor has to put that scheme out of his head,
* få ngt. ud af hovedet glemme
he clutches his head ready to do anything that
* tage sig til hovedet
comes / pops into his head.
* falder én ind
The inquisitor now gets / takes it into his head that
* gøre alt hvad der
* få ind i hovedet / den ide
30 the accused is guilty of blasphemy. He gets / takes it into his head to prove that the accused
* blasfemi * << at
is a blasphemer guilty of making blasphemous statements,
* gudsbespotter
and most likely harbouring heretic thoughts.
*
* blasfemisk gudsbespotende
[email protected] 691 Making / pulling a long face, the accused wonders
* blive lang i ansigtet
what goes on in that head of the inquisitor.
* hvad der foregår i ngs. hoved
/ skuffet, ked af det
He just can’t get his head round (E) what’s going on
* få ind i sit hoved
when the inquisitor calls him a notorious blasphemer,
*
allegedly known to blaspheme in public.
* angiveligt
The accused raises (an) objection(s) ( to the allegation );
* tale gudsbespottende
* komme med en indsigelse gøre indvendinger
he objects to / protests against this nonsensical allegation. * = The inquisitor evidences his accusations with telltale
* meningsløs
* sigende afslørende
but unconfirmed reports and rumours.
* forlydende
10 ‘ You are said to swear – it’s said that you speak about
* ng. siges at
* det siges at
God and holy things in an offensive way – you’re a blasphemer * by / from all accounts,’ the inquisitor interrupts.
* efter sigende
According to himself / By his own account, the accused
* efter eget udsagn ifølge ng.
has just been telling innocent childish jokes.
*
The thought that anyone would pin him on that
* hænge ng. op på ngt.
never entered his head.
* falde en ind
He wishes he’d used his head before cracking a joke
* bruge hovedet
in the company of religious fanatics.
*
Even if the accused endeavours to apologize, and tries to * bestræbe sig på at 20 appeace, pacify, mollify, and placate the inquisitor,
* formilde ng.
any endeavour on the accused’s part to al`ley and mitigate
* bestræbelse på * fra ngs. side
* undskylde gøre afbigt
* milde ngt.
* =
/ vedkommende
the inquisitor’s anger is in vain. Talking over the accused’s head, the inquisitor keeps talking his head off.
* = * tale hen over hovedet på * tale fanden et øre af
He keeps talking without respite.
* uden afbrydelse
[ `respait / -it ]
His involved and tortuous speech is too complicated to carry in one’s head.
* indviklet * have ngt. i hovedet
It goes over the accused’s head.
* det går over ens forstand
His head is turning.
* det kører rundt for ham
30 The explanations go right over his head. As the accused can’t make head (n)or tail of anything
* gå hen over hovedet på ng. * finde hoved eller hale i forstå, finde ud af, hitte rede i
he cannot make head against the accusations. The assessors as well can’t make heads (n)or tails of the inquisitor’s tangled (up) speech and accusations.
* holde stand * finde hoved eller hale i etc. * indviklet rodet, speget
It is over their head, too.
* <=
* snørklet
692 The accused is unable to make head / headway against * gøre fremskridt imod a deluge of accusations. As he can’t keep head / headway against a tidal wave of accusations, he tears his hair in despair.
* syndflod
* = ( tidevandsbølge ) * =
* =
* rive sig i håret
The accused’s hair tangles up easily.
* filtre sig sammen
As he tangles his hair up, it ends up in a mass of tangles.
* sammenfiltre
ugles
The success goes to the inquisitor’s head. As success turns his head, the inquisitor orders
* sammenfiltring
ugle * stige til hovedet gøre ør / indbildsk * =
the accused to stand up and raise his head.
* rejse hovedet
10 Standing up, the accused seems, however, to provoke
* ophidse
the inquisitor just by being a (good) head taller than him,
* med et hoved
and having a good / fine / thick head of tangled (up) hair.
* have godt med
rette ryggen
It provokes the inquisitor to lose his head
* tabe hovedet / besindelsen
and provokes him into such excitability
* & ægge
that he flares up at the slightest thing.
ophidse * fare op
Provoked into losing his head the inquisitor flares up on any occation. Going off his head, the excitable inquisitor flings out
* filtret hår på hovedet
* pirrelighed letbevægelighed * ubetydeligste ting
* = * ved enhver anledning * gå helt fra koncepterne
ridicule ( stultification(s) ?).
blive skør * latterliggørelse
20 The temperamental inquisitor is off his head.
* temperamentsfuld
Screaming and laughing his head off, the inquisitor goes out of his head.
* uligevægtig letpåvirkelig
* udslynge
* være << & ikke rigtig klog
uligevægtig * … himmelhøjt / vildt
* gå helt fra koncepterne blive skør
The unstable inquisitor is out of his head.
* uligevægtig
Even if he gets / keeps his head down, it’s impossible for
* holde lav profil
the accused not to trip and make trips under such pressure. By subjecting the accused to stultification,
* snuble *
and trying to stultify the accused, the inquisitor tries to
*
stultify his efforts to make any head / headway.
*
Making no head / headway in / with his counterproof,
* være << & ikke rigtig klog
*
* lave fejl lave fejl latterliggørelse påstand om / bevis for sindsforvirring få til at virke dum erklære utilregnelig gøre utroværdig / virkningsløs * gøre fremskridt ødelægge virkningen af … fremskridt med ngt.
30 unable to keep head / headway against the accusations, * … fremskridt imod / modstand mod ngt. the accused is rendered unable to make any head /
* gøre / ( efter-) lade ng. + adj.
headway towards (an) acquittal.
* … henimod
Although the stubborn inquisitor, in fact, stultifies himself he proceeds with his long-drawn-out oral prosecution. After a while, the assessors yawn their head off.
* stædig * mundtlig
* gøre sig selv latterlig * langtrukken
* strafferetsforfølging
* gabe kæberne af led
His excruciatingly boring, dull and stultying prosecution * ulideligt * kedelig against the accused stultifies their minds.
* … fremskridt >
* imod
* =
* fordummende
* <<
* fordumme kede, sløve
693 The accused keeps pleading innocent and not guilty. As he stubbornly makes / enters a plea of ‘ not guilty ‘, the inquisitor eventually interrupts his prosecution
* påberåbe sig * komme med en bøn om * strafferetsforfølgning
and calls a consideration of the judgement / E& judgement , * votering om The inquisitor together with the assessors retire to an adjecent / adjoining / a communicating room.
* dom dommerkendelse
* * nærliggende
* tilstødende
The inquisitor takes the head of the table.
* sætte sig for bordenden
Sitting at the head of the table, the inquisitor pleads that
* fremføre at
the accused is judged guilty and given a harsh sentence.
*
10 The meeting discuss the judgment.
* mødedeltagerne
In mitigation, one of the assessors intervenes,’
* i formildnende øjemed
* bryde ind
without really being up to no good, young people often say
* have ondt i sinde
the first thing that comes / pops into their head – and you
* falde en ind
cannot expect an old head on young shoulders.’
* gammelt hoved på unge skuldre
According to the assessor there are extenuating / mitigating { circumstances / factors. You have to see both sides of a / the question.
* ifølge ng. (-s udsagn )
20 but it’s banging your head against a brick wall. Trying to reason with the inquisitor is (like) bashing your head against a brick `wall. By virtue of his headship, the inquisitor has two votes while the assessors have a vote a head. Having only a vote per head, the assessors discuss the schism.
* se en sag / sagen fra begge sider * i formildende øjemed
* tale ng. til fornuft * løbe panden mod en mur * være som at løbe > * panden mod en mur * i kraft af
* lederstilling
* per person * = * meningsdeling
Matters come to a head because of the split.
* der opstår en krise
Matters come to a head between the assessors.
* … mellem ng.
They become entangled in a conflict.
* blive viklet ind i
30 They get into a tangle with each other.
* formildnende
* omstændigheder
Three assessors enter / make / offer a plea in mitigation. * komme med en bøn They triy to talk / knock some sense into the inquisitor
* … med dør
* splittelse
* komme i skænderi / klammeri / karambolage med
They tangle with each other over the ruling (on the case). * skændes / slås med The tension between them is almost tangible.
* håndgribelig
The discussion brings matters to a head.
* fremkalde en krise
The situation comes to a head.
* situationen tilspider sig
til at føle på
* afgørelse kendelse
* i sagen
694 Tempers flare and things are coming to a head.
* temperamenterne slår gnister
The affair has come to a head.
* komme til et afgørende punkt
Eventually, the inquisitor, at the head of the table,
* ved bordenden
rushes headlong into the discussion.
* kaste sig … ind i ngt.
‘ Keep your head shut,’ he flares,’ Use your head !
* hold mund / bøtte
The inquisitor’s nostrils flare ( with anger ).
* spile sig ud ( af raseri )
His eyes flare as he obsessively suspects the accused
* lyne
of having some tacit knowledge. The impatient inquisitor tosses his head 10 and makes / takes an arbitrary decision.
* uudsagt * slå med nakken * selvrådig
The inquisitor is at variance with the assessors
* i uoverstemmelse med
dismisses the question of mitigation of the punishment.
* brug hovedet
* som en besat
* få ngt. til at spile sig ud
With a toss of his head, the headstrong inquisitor
* hovedkulds * rase
Anger flares his nostrils.
as his conclusions are totally at variance with theirs.
* der er ved at > opstå en krise
* = * ( med et ) kast med hovedet * affærdige
* stædig, stivnakket egensindig, selvrådig * spørgsmål / sag om * mildning
Heading the table, he bring the argument to a head.
* sidde for bordenden
Having adopted a cunning stratagem,
*
* bringe … til et afgørende / kritisk punkt
the inquisitor bang / knocks the assessors’ heads together
* tvinge ng. til at være enige
and brings matters to a head.
* bringe sagen til / fremtvinge en afgørelse
20 After all, none of the assessors (=sg.) dares to
* når alt kommer til alt
challenge, oppose, or contradict the inquisitor.
i sidste ende * udfordre
* modsætte sig
At the end of the day none of them (pl.) dare to question * << his judgement, and headstrong decision.
challenge, oppose, or contradict the inquisitors judgement. So the assessors are somehow compelled / forced to find
the accused guilty on all counts (of the indictment eA). They find themselves compelled / forced to judge the accused guilty. 30
* modsige ng.
* sætte spørgsmålstegn ved betvivle * stivnakket, stædig egensindig, selvrådig
* dom dømmekraft
When all is said and done, none of them dare (modal)
* turde at
* * udfordre * være tvunget til * ng. skyldig i
* finde >
* ( anklage-) punkt
* befinde sig * dømme ng. + adj.
* tvunget til
* anklage ( skrift ) >
[email protected] 695 The accused persistantly refuses to confess.
* afslå
* gå til bekendelse tilstå
He refuses to confess ( that ) he has committed any crime. * tilstå at As he obsternately refuses to confess to any crime, the inquisitor has got his knife into the convict. As he refuses to confess to the crimes
* tilstå ngt. * have et horn i siden på ng. * gå til bekendelse om / tilstå ngt.
and refuses to confess to having committed any crimes,
*
the inquisitor wants to send the accused to torture.
* sende ng. til tortur
In order to get a confession by all means, the inquisitor
* få en tilståelse
wants to put / subject him to torture.
* underkaste ng. tortur
10 Putting / sticking the `knife into the convict,
* ude på at skade ng.
the inquisitor lets fall a remark to the effect that
* lade en bemærkning falde
he still has a grudge against him.
* have et horn i siden på ng.
nådesløs overfor ng
Putting the `knife in, he remarks on the fact that desperate diseases need desperate remedies. Turning / twisting the `knife ( in the wound ), he remarks that truth is rewarded in the final reckoning.
* med den mening
* ~ lade en bemærkning falde om at * der skal skarp lud til skurvede hoveder * dreje kniven rundt i såret * sandhed
* belønne
So having passed sentence, the inquisitor questionably
* afsige dom ( i kriminalsag )
* i sidste ende ( opgørelse ) * på tvivlsomt grundlag
goes over the assessors’ head and condemns the convict
* gå hen over hovedet på ng.
* dømme ng. >
to torture.
handle udenom * til ngt.
20 The assessors gape / gawp / gawk / goggle at
* måbe over
the inquisitor’s questionable decision done over their head.
* tvivlsom
Unable to mollify the inquisitor and mitigate the punish>
* formildne
* hen over hovedet på / uden hensyntagen til ng. * mildne
ment, the assessors accept his judgement by tacit approval.
* stiltiende
* godkendelse
696 The convict is head over heels in trouble. The convict is heading for disaster when the guards drag him `out by the head and ears. Member of the audience tries to trip the accused (E& up), knock him on the head and hit him in his face.
* op til halsen * på vej mod * trække ng. … ved håret * spænde ben for * slå ng. i hovedet
The convict has a frightened look on his face.
* udtryk i ansigtet
His nostrils flare with fright as the inquisitor’s warning
* være opspilet
is still ringing in his `ears / head. In the torture chamber, the torches flare up 10 and begin to flare. In the flare of the torchlight, the torturers put the convict on the rack. Using terrible instruments of torture, the torturers torture the convict into making a confession. They stick him with the head of an arrow or with the head of a spear to make him confess.
* lyde for ng’s øre * torturkammer
* genlyde / runge i hovedet på ng. * fakkel lomme-, stavlygte
* flamme / blusse op
* fakkellys
* torturkarl
* blafre * blafren
* lægge ng. på pinebænken * tortur* torturere ngt til at * spids * =
Many victims confess under torture.
*
Many victims confess to their crimes under torture.
* tilstå
Unable to endure the excruciating pain
*
20 many victims confess to made-up sins.
* … i ansigtet
* pil * spyd
* tilstå / bekende
They confess to being guilty of made-up crimes.
*
Some victims die after days of excruciating torture.
* ulidelig
A heretic must ab`jure his heresies.
* afsværge
If a person denies to re`nounce his heretical beliefs
* afsværge
* tilstå
* opdigtet
opgive fornægte
and denies to make a confession of faith,
* trosbekendelse
he will suffer the tortures of the damned (pl.).
* pinsel
There was no `respite from the excruciation,
* afbrydelse /
and no respite from the excruciating pain, as the torturers
pause * =
continue to ex`cruciate the victim without respite.
* pine
30 The torturers eventually persuade the convict
*
to make a confession; to make a full confession.
* komme med en tilståelse
So he confesses that he has behaved sinfully.
gå til bekendelse * tilstå / bekende at
As he confesses to assault and blasphemy,
* gå til bekendelse om / tilstå ngt.
he confesses to having participated in rioting / a riot,
* … at
and confesses to being guilty of heresy.
* =
* de fordømte * pineri
* uden ophold
* … fuld …
697 Confession (U) (made) under torture,
* bekendelse
it's likely to be at variance with the truth.
tilståelse * i uoverensstemmelse med
The victim of torture knows perfectly well / full well /
* under tortur
* vide alt for godt
* =
only too well it would only make matters worse
* kun …
if he withdraw his confession.
* trække sin tilståelse tilbage
His confession brings, however, just a brief respite. as he’ll receive / be given the death sentence ( for heresy ). It brings just a temporary respite from the horrors
* gøre ondt værre
* medføre kort pause / pusterum * * midlertidig
* afbrydelse fra ngt.
as the poor creature is condemned to death ( for heresy ).
* dømt til ngt.
10 Suffering the tortures of the damned, he spends
* lide de fordømtes kvaler
his wait / waiting time excruciated / tortured by the thought
* skarpretter
of the head(s)man waiting to make him shorter by the head. * gøre ng. et hoved kortere henrette ng. ved halshugning
Too many have lost their head.
* miste hovedet
In a few days, when the head of the axe has severed
* hoved
blive halshugget * skille
the head from the body, the corpse of the executed heretic
* < hovedet fra
will be displayed in public as a de`terrent ( to others ).
* afskrækkende eksempel
People come to shiver and shudder with frigh at the sight of the cut-off head next to the decapitated, headless body. If an accused refuses to give in to the inquisition,
* lig
* ryste gyse * afhugget
* hovedafhugget / -løs
* henrettet
* skæve gyse * hovedløs
* overgive / underkaste sig
20 and make a full confession, he is put to trial by ordeal,
* sætte på prøve
ordeal by fire , water etc. the result being regarded as
* ildprøve
a divine or preter`natural judgement.
* overnaturlig
Capital punishment, public execution and corporal punishment are believed to have a deterrent effect. The deterrence of harsher punishment is, however,
* dødsstraf
* prøvelse * vandprøve
* offentlig henrettelse
* afstraffelse * afskrækkelse
questioned as there’s little evidence that harsher punishments * deter (people) any better that more lenient ones. As person can be send to his or her death in many ways,
* afskrække ( ng. ) * sende ng. i døden henrette ng.
30 capital punishment is executed in several ways.
* udføre ngt.
A criminal may be executed for murder, high treason,
*
heresy or other crimes reckoned among capital offences,
*
involving punishment by death.
*
It’s the public executioner’s job to execute / kill criminals.
* legemlig
*
* strengere
* afstrafning
698 A person condemned / sentenced to death by hanging * dømme til døden will be executed by hanging. If a condemned person is sent to his death by hanging the hangman puts a rope with a noose arount his neck
* henrette ved * sende i døden * bøddel v. hængning
and hang him from a high place such as a tree or a gallows. * hænge ng. fra ngt. So if a crime deserves of the gallows, and the criminal deserves the gallows, he is sent to the gallows.
* ved hængning
* = * løkke ( der kan ændres ) * galge
* fortjene * =
* sende til galgen
A person condemned to death by decapitation / beheading * ved halshugning will be send to decapitation / beheading / beheadal
* sende til …
10 and executed by decapitation / beheading.
* henrette ng. ved …
Before the decapitation (C) the condemned person lay his head on the block. The head(s)man or beheader uses a sharp-edged sword or axe to decapitate / behead the condemned person. Lifting his sword or his axe, he will exercise all his strenght to cut () off the head in one cut. In the past, public execution often took place on a scaffold a raised / an elevated platform. Doomed to die on the scaffold, the condemned person 20 had to mount the scaffold.
* * lægge hovedet på blok * skarpretter
* ~ skarpsleben ( -kantet )
* hugge hovedet af ng. * * * skafot * * skæbnedømt til at * bestige …
During the French Revolution (1789 – 99), a french doctor / * physician ( A / o-f E) Joseph Ignace Guillotin, invented
*
the guillotine, a practical device for beheading persons
* guillo`tine
[ `gilêti~n ]
by means of a heavy blade that is dropped between
*
two posts that serve as guides.
*
Sent to the guillotine, thousands were guillotined.
* sende til …
If a person is sentenced to death by shooting,
*
he may be executed by a shot in the back of the neck. A condemned person may be shot by (a) firing squad. 30 A firing squad (sg.) is a group of soldiers.
* guillotinere ng.
* & nakkeskud * ~ henrettelsespeloton *
The squad aim (pl.) at the heart and shoot at the same time. * A person sentenced to death by electrocution is sent to the electric chair. If a person gets the electric chair, he or she faces death by the electric chair. When the authorities e`lectrocute a condemned person,
* dømt til døden * sende ng. i … * få ( dommen ) … * stå overfor døden i … * aflive ng. med strøm
the person is executed / killed by passing a powerfull
*
electric current through their body.
*
* ~ i den elektriske stol
