Transcript
Organisation of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI) Peninsula Corporate Park, Peninsula Chambers, Gr. Floor, Ganpatrao Kadam Marg, Lower Parel, Mimbai-400 013. Tel.: (91-22) 2491 8123, 6662 7007.
A Handy Guide for Road Safety
About OPPI
INDEX
1. Foreword
1
2. Myths & Facts
3
3. Essentials to Start a Day
5
4. Motorcycle Accidents
8
5. Right Riding Posture
11
6. Tips for Correct Braking & Stopping
13
7. Tips for Emergency Situation
15
8. Tips to Avoid Accidents
17
9. Tips to Handle an Accident Situation
19
10. Slip, Trip & Fall
22
Organisation of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI) established in 1965, is a premier association of research based international and large pharmaceutical companies in India and is also a scientific and professional body. It caters to the needs of Research based Pharmaceutical Industry thereby creating and sustaining an environment conducive to innovation and growth, simultaneously, facilitating industry and stakeholders partnership through various advisory and consultative processes to achieve the Healthcare objectives of the Nation. OPPI Members Follow : Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) International Code of Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices OPPI's position on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) OPPI functions mainly on the following areas : Continuous dialogue with the stakeholders Actively engage in knowledge creation & knowledge Sharing with value addition Engage in 'Corporate Academia' Interaction OPPI identifies itself with the country's national healthcare objectives and encourages its members to make substantial contributions to social concerns and actively promotes Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). OPPI is an active member of International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations (IFPMA), Geneva and the World Self-Medication Industry (WSMI), France.
7. Utilize well-lit areas - avoid areas where lighting is not adequate.
Always try and park in well-lit areas.
Do not wear sunglasses indoors however smart you may look, they can cause you to fall!
8. Follow intended paths and walkways, don't take short cuts which are often not maintained and may present slip, trip and fall hazards. 9. Don't carry materials in a way that obstructs vision or prevents you from seeing the placement of your feet. 10. Keep your body balance to avoid fall / to reduce the impact of a fall.
Foreword Dear Colleague, On behalf of the Organisation of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI), we take great pleasure in offering you a convenient and easy-to-read "A Handy Guide for Road Safety" booklet. Field work for our sales teams most of the time involves extensive travel, since our customers are usually geographically spread out. At times when very important members of our organizations, like you, are in pursuit of excellence, very unfortunate accidents may suddenly take place, mainly because enough precautionary measures were not taken while traveling. Such instances bring in pain, worries and anxieties not only to you and your families but also to the organization that you work for. By definition, an accident is an unplanned event. Thus it is very much possible to avert the human errors associated with it and make our travel plan accident-free, as far as possible. This road safety booklet attempts to provide simple yet important tips for safe travel and accident-free driving. We would like to thank the experts from the HSE departments of Johnson & Johnson- Mr. Amol Tope and sanofi-aventis -
Mr. Anil Walimbe, for their role and commitment in providing content for this booklet. OPPI very sincerely hopes that you will read these useful tips, given in this booklet, very carefully to ensure safety and good health for yourselves.
vehicle. For instance: A smooth leather sole without treads is a sure cause of slipping & falling on a slippery floor. 4. While using stairs,
Watch out for missing steps.
Hold the hand rail for support (or at least be close to the hand rail so that you can quickly grab it in case of a fall).
Wish you all a very successful, healthy and safe career ahead! With best regards, Dr. Shailesh Ayyangar
Mr. Tapan Ray
Managing Director
Director General
Sanofi-aventis
Organisation of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI)
Chairman Sales Force Effectiveness Committee, OPPI
5. Don't read or talk on cell phones, while walking these distractions reduce the ability to detect and anticipate slip, trip & fall hazards. 6. Ensure Good Housekeeping (do it yourself or get it done).
Scattered material on floor, loose wires on floor, a torn carpet and wet floor are potential hazards to cause a slip/trip.
Tell the Housekeeping Department for correcting such situations if you see them - this might prevent your or someone else's fall!
Myth
Fact
4. I have been driving my vehicle for many years without any mishaps, so there is no need for me to learn about these newer fads.
Accident risk is irrespective of your experience and any single incident can have serious consequences. Hence, overconfidence or complacency (even for a moment) can be dangerous.
5. Health tips are meant for school kids and not for adults like me.
Health tips are necessary for each individual who is exposed to health hazards.
6. My boss is only interested in the business that I bring in, and not how I drive or travel.
Ask & insist for a copy of the complaint / FIR / panchanama. It is possible that you may be asked to pay some fee for the same.
7. If the vehicle is damaged (your vehicle or someone else's vehicle damaged because of you) without any injury to any person,
Try to settle the matter between both parties mutually.
If the issue cannot be settled mutually, then inform the respective insurance companies.
Police report is not necessary unless a government vehicle or a foreigner is involved.
Inform the concerned insurance agent for survey of vehicular damage.
A long sickness will keep you out of work and reduce your chances of performing well.
8. After being involved in an accident situation, do not start to drive immediately. Your driving under mental stress may cause more problems.
Your company and your boss are equally concerned about your health & safety.
9. Inspect the vehicle's roadworthiness before restarting. If vehicle is not ready for driving, park it at the side of the road and call for help (mechanic or tow-van). 10. If you feel threatened by a mob which has gathered due to the accident, try and get to the nearest police station at the earliest.
Both
the mirrors are properly fitted & clean. The mirrors will ensure your safety while changing lanes, turning & stopping.
3.You are physically fit to drive under the following circumstances:
A good sleep at night and not feeling drowsy or tired
Not under any medication which can cause drowsiness (e.g. antihistaminic, cough & cold medicines)
Tips to Handle an Accident Situation There can be 3 accident situations: 1. You could be the victim of an accident (injured). 2. You could be the cause of an accident to someone. 3. You could be a witness to an accident between 2 parties. Golden Tips to respond to an Accident situation: 1. Foremost, remain calm without panicking and do not run away from the situation. Panic or hasty actions can cause more difficulties than the actual situation.
Not consumed alcoholic drinks for past 4-6 hrs. If you drink, do not drive and if you drive, do not drink. Law prescribes stiff penalties to a person having 80 mg of alcohol concentration / 100 ml of blood (breath test).
4. You should be also mentally fit to drive:
Don't be in a stressful or depressed mental condition.
Try and concentrate on driving rather than on any heated or disturbing argument or conversation, you may have had just before driving.
5. Adjustments before you start:
Check & wear your helmet (or seat belt if driving a car) and remember to tie the strap. In a car, adjust the seat length and steering height before starting.
2. First, stop your vehicle at a safe place and put on the warning (hazard) signal lights. Attend to the medical emergency as the Supreme Court judgment now states that the right to medical treatment of an injured person comes before any other legal action is undertaken. 3. If you are injured (and if you are conscious),
Try to gauge the extent of injury - whether there is bleeding or possible fracture.
Call for help if you cannot move. You can call out to any passer-by or use your mobile to call a relative or
Motorcycle Accidents
Tips to Avoid Accidents (Defensive Driving)
A motorcycle, by its very nature, is a dangerous machine. It cannot balance itself when stationery and can be unstable at varying speeds. There is no outer shell or a metal cage that protects a rider from an injury in the event of an accident, hence, better coordination and balance of the vehicle is critical.
Defensive driving is all about not being a victim, the cause or a trigger for any accident. As a defensive driver, you should factor in the irresponsible behaviour of other road-users (three-wheelers, bus drivers and others, including pedestrians on the road.)
A two-wheeler rider is the most vulnerable road-user, after the pedestrian. In case of a pillion rider, the ability of the pillion rider not to unbalance the rider is important. Special Driving Techniques are required for a two-wheeler viz. braking, cornering, skidding, etc. In the initial stages of learning, the rider/driver must cultivate the right techniques and temperament. Mistakes, which are repeated, will become habits that can prove to be very dangerous. Accidents do not happen, they are caused. In more cases than not, it is due to the result of human error. Main Causes : 1. Vehicle Condition:
Lack of regular and quality maintenance of vehicles can pose many risks, as an ill-maintained vehicle may not respond to an emergency effectively.
1. High Speed Kills. Every increase of 5 kms of speed increases your chance of accident over 40 %. 2. Scan the two mirrors to ensure clarity while driving. 3. Avoid getting into arguments with other road users thereby avoiding road rage. 4. Brake early and brake gently.
6. Driver / Rider himself:
Tips for Emergency Situation Most accidents are caused due to human error coupled with adverse conditions such as excessive speed, following too closely, failure to keep to proper lanes and lane cutting, overtaking incorrectly and scant respect for pedestrians.
7. Failure to give way and ignoring signs and traffic lights.
8. Multi-tasking while driving: If a driver simultaneously smokes, eats, talks on the mobile, etc, it divides his attention and affects his concentration.
1. To pre-empt an emergency situation due to vehicle failure, pre-check the following
Enough fuel and correct air-pressure in the tyres, chain tension (proper slack is about 20 mm).
Check engine oil.
Check brake oil & free-play of the clutch (10-20 mm).
Check the mirrors, battery water, horn, turn light indicators, taillight and headlights.
2. In case of the brake failure, turn the left signal on, move safely to the side of the road, close the throttle, shift to lower gear (engine brake) and then switch off the engine. 3. In case the throttle is stuck and does not return to a closed position, turn on the left signal, pull the clutch in fully and switch off the engine. 4. In case of the rear tyre blow-out, hold the handlebar firmly with both hands with knees pressing the fuel tank. Slow down gradually and stop by the side of the road.
7. Wear shoes, preferably without laces, while you ride. A loose shoe lace can get entangled, while high heeled footwear is unsuitable as it does not give a proper sense of the pedal. 8. Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs)- helmets, face shield or a pair of goggles - should always be used while riding a two-wheeler.
Tips for Correct Braking & Stopping 1. Brake early and softly:
2. Use the brakes equally:
9. 'Safe' attire comprises long-sleeve shirts and bright coloured jacket. Trousers should not be baggy or flared at the bottom. 10.While holding the detailing bag, ensure that the centre of gravity is not affected by your bag. Have it secured at the rear (not side) carrier or rear seat, if possible.
Do not hit the brakes late and hard. This not only prevents skidding (safe) but also is more effective as it reduces the stopping distance (avoidance of accident).
The front (this brake provides for 70% of the braking power) and the rear break if applied with equal pressure ensure effective braking. If only one brake is used, it will increase the stopping distance.
3. Do not use the clutch while braking:
If this is done, one will 'undo' the gear brake or 'engine' brake of the vehicle and once the clutch is squeezed the stopping distance also increases.
4. The front brake should be used with special care:
Squeezing the lever too hard may result in wheel lock, causing a skid especially on wet roads.
5. Avoid brakes while cornering. If you must, then use both brakes gently and gradually. 6. Shift to the lower gear, to further reduce the speed. 7. Do not reduce or increase your speed when you are on watery surface. Hold the handlebar straight, look in the front and maintain the centre of gravity and balance.
Right Riding Posture A correct riding posture ensures that you have a safe, comfortable and less tiring riding experience. The posture should also facilitate quick and easy reach of controls and other devices, giving a better balance. It also helps to pick up accurate information of other vehicles/pedestrians.
Apply brake before or after the watery surface, not when on watery surface. 8. Lower the speed to shorten stopping distance and viceversa. 9. The brain takes almost one second to register any danger and transmit the message to the brake. However in that one second the vehicle would have travelled a good distance based on the speed it was riding. Hence, Speed Can Kill.
Let us scan 10 simple tips for correct posture & carrying the detailing bag (load) 1. Shoulders should be relaxed. 2. Eyes should watch straight ahead and regularly scan the left and right mirror. 3. Elbows should be slightly bent with your arms relaxed. 4. You should have firm grip over the handlebars with both hands (at all times). 5. Sit close to the fuel tank. 6. Your knees should be lightly pressed against the fuel tank.
5. In case of a front tyre blow-out, stop the motorcycle and push it to the side of the road.
2. Road Condition:
6. In case of rollover, switch off the ignition immediately to avoid fire.
3. Traffic Conditions:
7. In case of bad weather, drive slowly, have a longer following distance with the vehicle in front, do not change lanes without adequate intimation by way of direction indicators.
Human / animal traffic, High and Low Density traffic not only adds to the stress of driving in jampacked areas but also cause road rage.
Rain, fog, snow, etc. can affect the vision of the bike rider, having dangerous consequences.
The balance of the two-wheeler can also be affected.
Bad lighting on the roads, during the night, can affect visibility and cause mishaps.
8. In fog drive with your head lights dipped down. Do not change lanes. 9. While going uphill drive in the lower gear.
Potholes, wet roads, oily roads and/or hill driving can affect the safety of the bike rider.
4. Weather Conditions:
10. While going downhill, drive in the gear you went uphill or one gear less.
5. Light Conditions:
5. Always maintain your vehicle in a good road-worthy condition.
Trying to manoeuvre this during driving can be dangerous.
6. Do not cut lanes.
Wearing a helmet without tightening the strap is futile and will not save you in case of a fall, (the helmet will fly off the head with the impact).
The helmet must be ISI certified, light colour (will not absorb heat and is visible) and with reflective strips (for night visibility).
7. Ensure that you're very visible to other drivers by wearing bright coloured clothes. 8. When in doubt, slow down or stop. 9. Watch out for pedestrians, children running across the road, anticipate and expect the unexpected by completely focusing on your driving.
6. Your dress / attire is important. Season
permitting, wear thick jacket, trouser and gloves to prevent minor abrasions.
7.Start driving with confidence and exhibit good driving attributes.
Show patience- traffic jams cannot be resolved by your becoming impatient.
Be considerate to pedestrians and respect other vehicles' right of way.
Be a responsible and safe driver and obey all traffic rules.
friend for help. Preferably also call your immediate superior (District / Area / Regional Manager).
Essentials to Start a Day
Get to the closest medical aid centre (doctor or hospital) for first-aid / treatment.
Begin a day well by preparing for it, and you will have ample time to concentrate on your core activity: Fieldwork
4. If you are a cause of injury to someone,
Golden Tips to start a working Day'. 1. Documents to carry for your vehicle, any time you drive (RTO/police authorities could ask you for verification documents):
Offer medical help by taking him to a hospital and/or the cost of treatment.
Check his name, contacts and inform his relative or friends.
Valid Driving license, original
Valid PUC certificate, original
5. If you are a witness to a road accident between two external parties, as a good citizen try to help the injured person.
Copies of RC book (vehicle registration which is a proof of ownership) and tax receipt
6. After ensuring the medical help, one could focus on dealing with the legal issues.
Inform the nearest policeman or police station about the occurrence of accident and your role in it, giving a correct account of the incident without hiding facts.
Note the name and designation of the policeman.
If possible, take one or two witnesses (your friend or a good citizen around) along with you.
Give your identity & contact details.
Original or copy of valid insurance policy
Also, pay proper attention to the renewal dates of these documents. 2. Perform a visual check of your vehicle before you start, to ensure that:
There is adequate fuel and engine oil.
The tyres are adequately inflated (right air pressure).
The horn, turn light indicators, taillight and headlights are fully functional, without which you can be unsafe while driving.
Slip, Trip & Fall
Myths & Facts
Do you know that "Slip, Trip & Fall" are responsible for nearly 30-40% of the 'Lost Time Injuries' amongst the field staff? It is the second most common cause of lost time, after Motor Vehicle Accidents.
Myth 1. An accident is mostly unavoidable.
Almost all accidents are avoidable. Over 80% accidents are caused by 'unsafe human behaviour', whereas the rest can be avoided by proper defensive behaviour.
2. Accident due to 'another person's mistake' or sudden happenings cannot be avoided.
'Defensive Driving' teaches you how to avoid accidents and to protect yourself in such situations.
3. Motor Vehicle Safety only means wearing a helmet or a seat belt. They are necessary evils to be abided by for saving oneself from getting fined by the street policeman.
Motor Vehicle Safety has other components as well such as 'Defensive Driving' and caring for ones vehicle that are in addition to wearing a helmet/seat belt.
10 Golden Tips to avoid Slip-Trip injuries 1. Look around & scan the area where you walk and identify potential dangers.
Adjust your walking accordingly e.g. walk slowly if you feel the surface is wet, lift your foot or circumvent an obstacle in your path. Take care when encountering changes in surfaces (e.g. gravel) and elevations.
2. Plan your work schedule so that you don't have to hurry or run to catch your next appointment. 3. Use suitable footwear: The sole of your footwear can serve the same purpose as that of tyre treads of a
Fact
These precautions can prevent serious injuries or even casualties, in case of an accident.
