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International Journal of Data & Network Security Volume 2 No. 1, Feb10, 2013, ISSN 2319-1236
A Review for Analyzing the Network Traffic for Quality of Service in UMTS Pooja Kapoor M.Tech, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar
ABSTRACT The Present work of this based on analyzing the impact of speed on QOS parameter (throughput, average jitter & end to end delay ) of UMTS network. Quality of service comprises requirements on all the aspects of a connection, Such as response time,loss,signal to noise ratio, frequency response & so on. The third generation of mobile system provide different end user data applications based on packet switches services. It is necessary to define quality of service because of overcome the limitation of system resources and the air interface capacity. We give an overview of UMTS services, list QoS attributes used for packet switched services and explain how they are Optimizing packet size and number of packets per user for QoS provisioning with CBR application.
1. INTRODUCTION 3G is the third generation of wireless technologies. It comes with enhancements over previous wireless technologies, like high-speed transmission, advanced multimedia access .3G Systems are intended to provide a global mobility with wide range of services including telephony, messaging, Internet and broadband data. International Telecommunication Union (ITU) started the process of defining the standard for third generation systems. The pattern is actually a wireless initiative called the IMT-2000 (International Mobile Communications 2000. UMTS is one of the main 3G wireless technologies developed by the European Telecommunications standard Institute (within the IMT – 2000 framework proposed by the ITU [ETSI]. It support the high speed data transfer, speech, web browsing, email, video telephony, multimedia and the audio streaming giving more flexibility for the operator to introduce this new services to its portfolio and from the user point of view, more service choices and a variety of higher, on demand data rates compared with 2.52.75G mobile systems[2] The network architecture consists of three domains: (UE) domain, UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) domain, and core network (CN) domain. UMTS network architecture is shown in Figure 1.1. The mobile users in a network coverage area are associated to a cell, where each cell is served by a Node B. The main function of Node B is to provide wireless channels to the mobile users. It monitors the signal quality of these channels and transmits the information to the RNC at the higher level to which it is connected. Each RNC at level 2 controls a group of Node B’s. The functions of RNC include operation maintenance of network elements, radio resource control, handover of the ongoing calls, broadcast signaling etc. Each RNC is controlled by a CN at level 3 of the UMTS network architecture.[3] The CN provides switching, routing, transport and database functions for user traffic. It contains Circuit Switch (CS) elements such as MSC and interworking managers. It also contains Packet Switch elements such as Service Gateway Support Node (SGSN) and GPRS Gateway Support Node (GGSN). Further, database (for example, Home Location Register and Visitor Location Register (VLR)) stores the user location information. Communication links between Node B, RNC and CN are wired/microwave links. [ Dharmaraja.S et.al]
Figure 1.1: UMTS network A distinguishing feature of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is the support of different levels of quality of service as required by subscribers and their applications. QoS is an end-to- end concept that has to be satisfied through the inter-working of all the entities that the data is passing through. As a matter of fact, every different
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Council for Innovative Research www.ijdnsonline.com
International Journal of Data & Network Security Volume 2 No. 1, Feb10, 2013, ISSN 2319-1236
application has its own QoS contract and every contract has its own QoS parameters such as end to end delay, jitter, packet loss and throughput which in general could vary with continuity. Table 1: UMTS QoS classes [Chieh Wu Meng] QoS Class
Type of Application
Conversational
Real time person communication
Streaming
Real time applications that exchange information between viewer and listener without any human response
Interactive
Human or machines that interact with another device( request-response pattern of end user)
Background
All applications that receive data passively or actively request it without any immediate need to handle this data
to
person
Example Applications Audio Voice Videophone
Characteristics
Video on demand, Live MPEG4 listening, web radio, news streams Online games Network management System polling Web browsing Database retrieval Emails Messaging File Transfer
Low jitter, low delay, Reasonable clarity and absence of echo Low jitter and media synchronization.
Tolerance to round trip delay and packet loss
Data integrity
One of the main UMTS advantages is that UMTS supports IP services with end-to-end QoS (Quality of Service) guarantees [RiteshShreevastav et.al] [ Sladana et.al]. The main contribution of this work is that we compare & analyze the performance of different QoS Parameters (such as throughput, end to end delay, and jitter) at different packet sizes and mobility i.e. random waypoint type of mobility in UMTS using qualnet, for CBR application.[4]
2. WHAT IS “UMTS”(UNIVERSAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM) UMTS is a 3G networking standard used to upgrade exiting GSM mobile network. It is a third generation digital mobile telecommunication standard. Analog system are first generation and digital system like GSM are second generation. So UMTS designed so that it could be used in parallel with GSM.UMTS mobile phones can function in GSM networks as well as UMTS network, so a reception can be guaranteed in regions where UMTS is not yet available. This technology is based on the Global System for Mobile (GSM) standard, which is the gold standard in Europe and more than 120 countries worldwide. In fact, UMTS is sometimes referred to as 3GSM. The two systems are not compatible, however. Some phones are dual GSM/UMTS phones, but unless a new mobile phone or handset has that kind of duality built in, users will only be able to utilize one mode, the one that came with the device. As UMTS gains in credibility and functionality, experts believe it will overtake GSM as the industry standard. It is already able to operate at a higher frequency than GSM. There are several ways in which the UMTS network differs from prior systems. One way is that previously, cellular systems were mainly circuit-switched, while UMTS is packet-switched. It also has higher bandwidth than previous systems[5] A packet-switched network is a digital communications network that groups all transmitted data, irrespective of content, type, or structure into suitably sized blocks, called packets. The principal goals of packet switching are to optimize utilization of available link capacity, minimize response times and increase the robustness of communication.When traversing network adapters, switches and other network nodes, packets are buffered and queued, resulting in variable delay and throughput, depending on the traffic load in the network.
3. PRESENT PROBLEM 1. Minimum throughput ,high delay time create problem in Qos of UMTS. Delays problems in the processes will create distortions of UMTS. Jitter can seriously affect the quality of streaming audio and/or video. 2. In future research work I would like pay more attention on to the(QoS) quality of Service of the UMTS. 3. There are number of parameters but my research work on these three parameters (i.e throughput, average jitter time, end-to-to delay). 4. QoS is analyzed by changing the value of the packet size & load send in the CBR application .
4. OBJECTIVES 1. Analyzing the impact of speed on QoS parameters( throughput, average jitter and end to end delay) of UMTS network with horizontal handoff . 2. Optimizing packet size and number of packets per user for QoS provisioning with CBR(constant bit rate) application. 3. Designing the scenario of UMTS network. Throughput : The amount of data transferred from one place to another or processed in a specified amount of time. Data transfer rates for network are measured in term of throughput.
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International Journal of Data & Network Security Volume 2 No. 1, Feb10, 2013, ISSN 2319-1236
Average Jitter: As the packets from source to destination will reach the destination with different delays. A packet's delay varies with its position in the queues of the routers along the path between source and destination and this position can vary unpredictably. This variation in delay is known as Jitter. Average end-to-end delay- Due to queuing and different routing paths, a data packet may take a longer time to reach its destination .The end-to-end delay experienced by the packets for each flow the individual packet delay are summed and the average is computed
5. NOW WHAT IS HANDOFF/HANDOVER 1. Handover occur due to the movement of the mobile user from one area to another area. 2. If we don’t use handovers then then whenever a user leaves the are of a particular cell then it’s on going call is immediately disconnected. 3. There are different types of handover but I analyzed with horizontal handover
6. HORIZONTAL HANDOVER Horizontal handover is the opposite to the vertical handover it is basically the handover between the same technologies like if the user is connected with the UMTS the horizontal handover must be from UMTS to UMTS. In other word it would be explained that the transferring of call from[6] one channel to another of the same core network
7. REFERENCE [1] Attar Alireza, Krishnamurthy Vikram [2011] “Interference Diversity Gain and its Application in Multi-Channel Systems: Capacity Maximization and QoS Guarantee Strategies” IEEE transactions on communications, vol. 59, no.1 [2] Ahmad CheemaRukhsar, JehanzebIrshad Muhammad [2008.] “Issues and Optimization of UMTS Handover” MEE09:14, pp. 44 [3]Ahmad Mushtaq, QaisarNaeem [2008] “Challenges And Solutions Of Umts Handover”MEE08:50,pp 495. [4] Bosch Peter, MullenderSape, Samuel Sam [2006]”Mobility in UMTS Packet IP Networks”, WCNC 2006. IEEE , pp.545 [5] chiehWuMeng [2006]“Integrating Umts And Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,” IEEE,WiMob, pp.196. [6] Cusani Roberto, Del SorboFilomena, Francesco DelliPriscoli, Giuseppe Lombardi, [7] Dario Pompili [2000]“UMTS access network architecture for multimedia services”.
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