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<Abridged Version> Securities ID code:6859 ESPEC CORP. Results Briefings for Fiscal Ending March 2011 May 25, 2011 www.espec.co.jp Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 1 Table of Contents Summary Summaryof ofESPEC ESPECBusiness Business Business BusinessResult Resultfor forFiscal FiscalEnding EndingMarch March2011 2011 Analysis Analysisper perSegment Segmentfor forFiscal FiscalEnding EndingMarch March2011 2011 Management Managementpolicy policyand andBusiness BusinessPlan PlanMarch March2012 2012 Reference Reference Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 2 Summary of ESPEC Business Individual Business Market / Use Main Products Market Use Sales composition (2011/3) Equipment Business Service Business Environmental Test Chambers ・Temperature & humidity chamber ・Walk-in type temperature & humidity chamber ・Thermal shock chamber ・Vibration combined environmental test system ・HAST chamber Semiconductor Equipment ・Burn-in system ・Semiconductor evaluation system ・Instrumentation system ・Semiconductor market ・Automobile market ・For production (inspection) ※ Instrumentation system is for development and evaluation FPD Equipment ・Single processing system vertical clean oven ・Equipment for inspecting recharge batteries ・LCD market ・PDP market ・ For production (Annealing, baking, drying) After-sales Service and Engineering ・ After-sales service ・Construction around equipment ・Electronic component and equipment market ・Automobile market ・Semiconductor market ・Communication market and others ・For R & D ・For credibility and evaluation ※ Partially used for production and inspection ・Semiconductor market ・FPD market ・Automobile market ・Communication market and others Other Business Commissioned Tests and Facility Rentals ・Commissioned tests ・Resale ・Equipment rental ・Calibration Environmental Protection Business Growth of forest, creation of waterfront, urban greening 79% ―― 17% ・For R & D ・For credibility and evaluation ※ Partially used for production and inspection 4% Vegetation factories, developing and creating new businesses as a major source of New Business Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved profit 3 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 4 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Consequences of the Great East Japan Earthquake Damage and impact of the earthquake on the ESPEC Group ■No ■Noloss lossof oflife/injury life/injurywas wassustained sustainedby byany anyof ofthe theemployees employeesof ofthe theESPEC ESPECGroup Groupor ortheir theirfamily family members. members. ■The ■TheSendai SendaiSales SalesOffice Officeand andthe theUtsunomiya UtsunomiyaTechnocomplex Technocomplexhave haveboth bothalready alreadyrecovered recoveredfrom from the physical damage caused by the disaster and resumed operation. the physical damage caused by the disaster and resumed operation. The asits itsmajor major Thedisaster disastercaused causedno nodirect directdamage damageto tothe theESPEC ESPECproduction productionactivities, activities,as production facilities are located outside of the affected areas. production facilities are located outside of the affected areas. ■ESPEC ■ESPECpersonnel personnelassisted assistedcustomers customersininensuring ensuringtheir theirbusiness businesscontinuity continuityby bytaking takingprompt prompt action to cope with the damage incurred to ESPEC products owned by customers and by action to cope with the damage incurred to ESPEC products owned by customers and by quickly quicklyresponding respondingto tocustomer customerneeds needsfor forthe therelocation, relocation,replacement, replacement,and andinstallation installationof ofESPEC ESPEC products. products. ■Though ■Thoughsome somecustomers customersrequested requestedthat thatthe thedelivery deliveryof oftheir theirESPEC ESPECproducts productsbe bepostponed, postponed,the the disaster caused only limited impact on business performance during the period under review. disaster caused only limited impact on business performance during the period under review. Expected impact during the next period ■While ■Whilethe thepotential potentialimpact impactof ofthe theearthquake earthquakeand andthe thenuclear nuclearpower powerplant plantaccident accidentremain remain uncertain, the company has formulated a business plan for the next fiscal year on the uncertain, the company has formulated a business plan for the next fiscal year on the assumption assumptionthat thatthe theaffected affectedareas areasand andcompanies companieswill willrecover recoverfrom fromthe thedamage damageand andthat thatthe the nuclear power plant problem will be settled as scheduled at present. nuclear power plant problem will be settled as scheduled at present. ■Currently, ■Currently,no noserious seriousimpact impactisisbeing beingfelt feltby bythe thecompany companyininterms termsof ofproduction productionand andmaterial material procurement activities. procurement activities. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 5 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Financial Highlights Backed by improvement in capital spending among major customers, the company posted an increase in income and restored profitability Profit (Loss) ■The ■Thecompany companyposted postedaasharp sharpincrease increaseininboth boththe thesales salesand andamount amountof oforders ordersreceived, received,and and restored profitability against the backdrop of the improvement in capital spending in the restored profitability against the backdrop of the improvement in capital spending in the semiconductor/battery semiconductor/batteryindustries industriesand andininthe therecovery recoveryininR&D R&Dinvestment investmentby bymanufacturers manufacturersof of electronic components, electronic equipment, and automobiles. electronic components, electronic equipment, and automobiles. ■A ■Adrastic drasticdecline declineininextraordinary extraordinaryloss, loss,coupled coupledwith withthe thefavorable favorabletax taxeffects, effects,led ledto toaasharp sharp increase in net income during the period under review. increase in net income during the period under review. Balance Sheet and Cash Flow ■Total ■Totalassets assetsincreased increasedby byapprox. approx.33billion billionyen, yen,reflecting reflectingthe theincrease increaseininnotes notesand andaccounts accounts receivable-trade, as well as deferred tax assets. receivable-trade, as well as deferred tax assets. ■While ■Whilethe thecompany companyalso alsoregistered registeredan anincrease increaseininnet netassets, assets,the theequity equityrate ratedropped droppedby by3.7 3.7 percentage points because of the drastic increase in total assets. percentage points because of the drastic increase in total assets. ■Cash ■Cashrose roseby byapprox. approx.440 440million millionyen yendue dueto tothe theincrease increaseininoperating operatingcash cashflow. flow. Dividends ■The ■Theannual annualdividend dividendisisexpected expectedto tobe be15 15yen yenper pershare, share,with withan aninterim interimdividend dividendof of55yen yenand andaa year-end year-enddividend dividendof of10 10yen yen(scheduled). (scheduled). Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 6 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Summary of Profits and Losses 2010/3 (millions of yen, %) 2011/3 Composition Rate of Change Composition Net sales 23,775 100.0 29,589 100.0 24.5% Cost of Sales 17,148 72.1 20,370 68.8 18.8% Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses 6,626 27.9 9,219 31.2 39.1% 7,365 31.0 7,827 26.5 6.3% Operating income (loss) △738 △3.1 1,391 4.7 −% 270 1.1 357 1.2 32.1% 97 0.4 64 0.2 △33.6% △565 △2.4 1,683 5.7 −% 1 0.0 63 0.2 6,300.0% 953 4.0 85 0.3 △91.0% Loss before income taxes and minority interests △1,517 △6.4 1,661 5.6 −% Net Income (loss) △2,630 △11.1 1,654 5.6 −% Non-operating income Non-operating expenses Ordinary income (loss) Extraordinary income Extraordinary expenses ■ ■Sales Salesgrew grewdrastically drasticallydue duemainly mainlyto tothe theincreased increasedearnings earningsfrom fromenvironmental environmentaltest testchambers chambers and andsemiconductor semiconductorequipment equipmentininthe theequipment equipmentbusiness businesssegment. segment. ■ The cost-to-sales ratio fell by 3.3 percentage points, reflecting ■The cost-to-sales ratio fell by 3.3 percentage points, reflectingsuccessful successfulcost costimprovement improvement measures and expenditure reduction efforts. measures and expenditure reduction efforts. ■ Net ■Netincome incomefor forthe theperiod periodunder underreview reviewincreased increasedsharply, sharply,backed backedby bythe thedrastic drasticdecline declineinin extraordinary extraordinaryloss, loss,as aswell wellas asby bythe theeffect effectof ofthe theincome incometax taxand andother otheradjustment. adjustment. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 7 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Analysis of Operating Income Increase and Decrease Factor Equipment Business Service Business Other Business+Elimination (millions of yen) Increase and decrease of the gross profit by the fluctuation of the net sales 1,729 872 1,748 Increase and decrease of the gross profit by the fluctuation of the cost rate △44 Other selling and administrative expenses 406 △222 R&D Expenses 29 △206 △9 Selling, administrative, and personnel expenses △48 476 1,391 △462 △738 Increase of selling, general and administrative expenses +2,129 11/3 10/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 8 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Changes in Balance Sheets Assets 693 34,837 3,068 11/3 10/3 943 Net assets 37,905 Other current liabilities 1,725 △107 Noncurrent liabilities 508 Notes and accounts payable-trade Investment and other assets Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment 10/3 Cash and deposits 34,837 Notes and accounts receivable-trade 941 Liabilities and equity △252 △139 △375 Other current assets 2,204 (millions of yen) 37,905 3,068 11/3 ■Total ■Totalassets assetsgrew grewby byapprox. approx.3.1 3.1billion billionyen yendue duetotothe theincrease increaseininnotes notesand andaccounts accountsreceivable-trade, receivable-trade, products, raw materials, and goods in process. products, raw materials, and goods in process. ■While ■Whilethe thecompany companyalso alsoregistered registeredan anincrease increaseininnet netassets, assets,the theequity equityrate ratedropped droppedby by3.6 3.6percentage percentagepoints points toto72.4% because of the increase in total assets. 72.4% because of the increase in total assets. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 9 Business Result for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Cash in 712 Increase in funds Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents Total financial cash flow Purchase of treasury stock Cash dividends paid Increase and decrease in short-term loans payable Total investment cash flow Proceeds from sales of investment securities Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets Increase and decrease in trust beneficiary right Others Total operating cash flow △262 △157 Increase and decrease in notes and accounts receivable-trade Increase and decrease in notes and accounts payable-trade Increase and decrease in notes and accounts payable-trade △2,353 10 Depreciation and amortization Income before income taxes and minority interests Cash out Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved △188 △149 △327△130 30 △230 Equity in earnings of affiliates △842 444 293 188 △161 1,133 1,823 1,661 (millions of yen) Statement of Cash Flow Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 11 Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2010 Analysis of Variance between Planned and Actual Results Equipment Business Service Business Other Business+Elimination (millions of yen) Net sales 27 Operating income 58 2,529 △77 213 452 29,589 27,000 1,391 800 +2,589 Initial forecast Initial forecast Full year results ■ ■The Thecompany companyposted postedan anincrease increaseininsales salesagainst against the thebackdrop backdropof ofthe thecontinued continuedimprovement improvementinin capital capitalspending spendingininthe thesemiconductor/battery semiconductor/battery markets and in the recovery markets and in the recoveryininR&D R&Dinvestment investment by major customers. by major customers. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 12 +591 Full year results ■ ■The Theincreased increasedincome, income,reduced reducedfixed fixed cost cost(which (whichexceeded exceededthe theinitially initially projected figures), and improved projected figures), and improved cost-to-sales cost-to-salesratio ratioled ledto toaadrastic drastic growth of operating income. growth of operating income. Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Equipment Business Environmental Test Chambers ■Energy-saving models of major products, such as thermal shock chambers and temperature and humidity chambers, were developed. Battery production equipment and other products were newly developed and launched in the market. ■Customer contact channels in the domestic market were enhanced through the consolidation of two subsidiary companies. The sales force was reinforced to better meet R&D needs in the battery industry. ■New customer bases were developed in the Korean and Taiwanese markets. Intensive sales promotional measures were taken in China and other emerging countries in Asia. ■Both the sales and amount of orders received exceeded the initially projected figures, increasing largely from the previous period. ■Operating income exceeded the initially projected figure, allowing the company to return to the black. Semiconductor Equipment ■Burn-in systems posted a sharp increase from the previous period in both the sales and amount of orders received. ■Profitability was restored thanks to the increased sales of burn-in systems. FPD Equipment ■Both the sales and amount of orders received declined from the previous period, due to profitability-oriented sales efforts. ■While the reduction of fixed cost led to the improvement in operating income, the company still posted an operating loss due to sluggish sales. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 13 Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Equipment Business (millions of yen) 2011/3 2010/3 Initial forecast The Initial forecast ratio Orders- Received 17,066 24,557 115.8% 21,200 Net Sales 18,215 23,529 112.0% 21,000 △1,320 [−%] 1,202 [5.1%] 160.3% 750 [3.6%] Operating Income [Profit ratio (%)] Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 14 Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Service Business (millions of yen) Orders- Received Net Sales Operating Income [Profit ratio (%)] 2011/3 2010/3 The Initial forecast ratio Initial forecast 5,189 5,320 106.4% 5,000 5,057 5,027 100.5% 5,000 314 [6.2%] 263 [5.2%] 526.0% 50 [1.0%] After-sales Service and Engineering ■The amount of orders received increased from the previous period backed by the successful after-sales service campaign and by the offering of communication network systems, while sales remained almost unchanged from the previous period. ■Though the successful reduction of the stock of parts allowed the company to meet the target of the first plan, the hiring of additional service personnel resulted in an increase in personnel cost and eventually a fall of income. Commissioned Tests and Facility Rentals ■New test menus were developed and intensive sales promotional activities were carried out in cooperation with product sales personnel. ■Both the sales and amount of orders received fell from the previous period, though the target of the first plan was met. Operating income largely increased due to the reduction of fixed cost, allowing the company to restore profitability. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 15 Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Other Business (millions of yen) Orders- Received Net Sales Operating Income [Profit ratio (%)] 2011/3 2010/3 The Initial forecast ratio Initial forecast 942 1,170 130.0% 900 1,051 1,158 105.3% 1,100 15 [1.4%] △77 [−%] −% 0 [−%] Environmental Engineering, New Business ■The vegetation factory business remained solid, and both the sales and amount of orders received increased from the previous period, exceeding the target of the first plan. ■The company posted an operating loss due mainly to the increase in the cost incurred in promoting the sales of vegetation factories. <Topic> In January and February, the company jointly organized a tasting event with Teppan Dining Takitei—a restaurant that had introduced the company’s PLANTCELLAR on a trial basis. The event featured vegetables grown in the PLANTCELLAR, which were received favorably by visitors. The “PLANTCELLAR” mini plant factory Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 16 Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Breakdown of Sales by Market Non-consolidated Other markets Automobile market Flat panel display market Electronic device and equipment market Semiconductor market 100% 100% 13 14 24 80% 15 24 27 13 16 6 5 49 49 2 3 2010/3 2011/3 14 17 23 29 80% 17 12 60% Breakdown of sales in Environmental Test Chambers by market 20 9 40% 60% 40% 38 37 42 40 20% 20% 16 0% 2008/3 9 2009/3 5 2010/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 11 0% 2011/3 18 Analysis per Segment for Fiscal Ending March 2011 Sales by Region Regional sales composition ratio in segment Sales by Region Others Europe/America Korea China/Hong Kong Taiwan Japan (millions of yen) 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 34,914 34,914 1,334 3,863 9.9 23,775 23,775 20,000 15,000 China/Hong Kong Korea Europe/America 9.7 2,923 988 2,872 2,157 767 2,803 1,135 2,237 986 Taiwan 4.1 1,449 2,027 3,174 Japan 4.9 29,589 29,589 3,332 10,000 Overseas sales ratio:35.1% 11/3 4.2 64.9 < Non-consolidated > 10/3 21,181 15,843 19,200 5,000 0 09/3 10/3 Japan Others 11/3 Taiwan 11/3 (yen) (yen) U.S. ollar 93.62 87.83 Euro 13.72 12.99 Won 12.08 11.31 0.0739 0.0762 Yen China/Hong Kong Korea Europe / America Others 11/3 121.2% 218.8% 128.4% 87.0% 104.3% 188.9% 10/3 △25.2% △70.4% △29.5% △44.0% △27.4% △42.5% Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 19 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 20 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Business Climate Surrounding ESPEC While the Japanese economy is faced with many uncertainties, investment in green innovation is likely to grow. Major changes in the business climate ■The ■Theincreasing increasingglobalization globalizationof ofJapanese Japanesemanufacturers manufacturerswill willaccelerate acceleratethe thehollowing hollowingout outof ofthe the Japanese manufacturing industry. Japanese manufacturing industry. ■Emerging ■Emergingcountries, countries,especially especiallyChina, China,will willenjoy enjoyfurther furtherdevelopment developmentas asaadriving drivingforce forceof ofthe the global economy. global economy. ■Environmental ■Environmentalproblems problems(e.g., (e.g.,energy, energy,food, food,and andwater) water)will willgrow growmore moreserious. serious. Business Environment ■Domestic ■Domesticdemand demandfor forconventional conventionalenvironmental environmentaltesting testingwill willdecrease, decrease,while whiledemand demandfor fornew new testing will emerge instead. testing will emerge instead. ■ ■The TheJapanese Japanesemarket marketwill willsee seehuge hugepotential potentialreplacement replacementdemand. demand. ■ ■Developed Developedcountries countrieswill willaccelerate acceleratethe therelocation relocationof oftheir theirproduction productionand andR&D R&Dbases basesto toChina China and other parts of Asia. and other parts of Asia. ■ ■There Therewill willbe beaarapid rapidincrease increaseininR&D R&Dinvestment investmentamong amongChinese Chinesecompanies companieswith withan anaim aimto to develop high-quality products and to export products of their own brands. develop high-quality products and to export products of their own brands. ■ ■As Asaaglobal globalcenter centerof ofindustry, industry,Asia Asiawill willsee seeincreasing increasingand andmore morediversified diversifieddemand demandfor for environmental testing. environmental testing. ■ ■Green Greeninnovation innovation(technical (technicalinnovation innovationfor fortransition transitionto toaalow-carbon low-carbonsociety) society)will willbe bean an essential part of the national strategies of each respective country, leading to the emergence essential part of the national strategies of each respective country, leading to the emergenceof of huge investment opportunities. huge investment opportunities. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 21 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Management Policy Basic policy Creation of “Powerful Products” and “Powerful Factories” Key Strategies Promote Promotethe thesales salesof ofproducts productsthat thatare arebetter bettertailored tailoredto tonew new customer customerneeds needsand andenhance enhancethe theability abilityto tomeet meetthe theincreasing increasing need needfor forcustomized customizedproducts products Increase sales in the green technology market Establish the basis of the plant factory business Improve Improvethe theability abilityto tomeet meetcustomer customerneeds needsby bycapitalizing capitalizingon onthe the consolidation consolidationof ofthe thetwo twosubsidiary subsidiarycompanies. companies.Meanwhile, Meanwhile, increase increaseprofit profitby bystreamlining streamliningthe thebusiness businessprocesses processes Increase Increasesales salesby bypromoting promotingaabusiness businessstrategy strategygeared gearedtoward towardthe the growing growingmarkets marketsininChina Chinaand andother otherparts partsof ofAsia Asia Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 22 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Key Strategies ① Promote the sales of products that are better tailored to new customer needs and enhance the ability to meet the increasing need for customized products The company will promote the sales of the energy-saving models of its thermal shock chambers and temperature and humidity chambers in response to the increasing customer need for higher energy-efficient products, while enhancing the ease of customization to achieve greater efficiency in factory operation. ■Stimulate replacement need among existing customers by offering energy-saving models. ■ Introduce a process for easier customization to enhance manufacturing efficiency at factories. ■ Build a new system and mechanism covering the entire process of product development, from design and procurement to manufacturing, in order to better meet the increasing demand for customized chamber products. ■ Launch company-wide efforts involving sales, service, and accounting personnel. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 23 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Key Strategies ② Increase sales in the green technology market The company will promote the sales of products and services for development, evaluation, production, and inspection processes in the green technology market, the market for secondary and solar batteries, and power semiconductors. ■Increase the sales of environmental test chambers in the green technology market. ■ Take intensive sales promotional measures for newly developed battery production equipment. Key Strategies ③ Establish the basis of the plant factory business The company will work toward the expansion, growth, and development of new business to cultivate the seeds of other new core businesses. ■Increase the public recognition of the plant factory business and secure a foothold in the market. ■ Develop new products and services satisfactory to customers and establish a firm basis of business. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 24 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Key Strategies ④ Improve the ability to meet customer needs by capitalizing on the consolidation of the two subsidiary companies. Meanwhile, increase profit by streamlining the business processes The company will maximize the synergies from the consolidation of the two subsidiary companies to better meet customer need. ■ Simplify the area- and segment-specific revenue management process. ■ Place greater importance on visits to key customers. Key Strategies ⑤ Increase sales by promoting a business strategy geared toward the growing markets in China and other parts of Asia ■ Strengthen customer contact channels through the effective use of local sales networks. ■ Intensify promotional activities to increase the sales of new products. ■ Make greater efforts to sell products in the green technology market. ■ Make preparations for the renovation of the foreign distributor system to reinforce the sales force. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 25 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Full Fiscal Year Plan March 2012 2011/3 (Results) 2012/3 (Plan) Second Quarter Fiscal Second Quarter Fiscal Orders-received 15,101 30,924 15,500 102.6% 31,000 100.2% Net sales 12,916 29,589 14,500 112.3% 31,500 106.5% Gross profit [Profit ratio (%)] 4,124 [31.9%] 9,219 [31.2%] 4,610 [31.8%] 111.8% 9,800 [31.1%] 106.3% Operating income (loss) [Profit ratio (%)] 550 [4.3%] 1,391 [4.7%] 400 [2.8%] △27.3% 1,300 [4.1%] △6.5% Ordinary income (loss) [Profit ratio (%)] 680 [5.3%] 1,683 [5.7%] 500 [3.4%] △26.5% 1,450 [4.6%] △13.8% Net Income [Profit ratio (%)] 776 [6.0%] 1,654 [5.6%] 400 [2.8%] △48.5% 1,400 [4.4%] △15.4% Capital expenditures 114 421 400 350.9% 600 142.5% Depreciation expenses 371 703 340 △8.4% 740 105.3% R&D expenditures 519 1,092 600 115.6% 1,060 △2.9% 32.70 70.03 17.05 △47.9% 59.67 △14.8% (millions of yen) Profit Per Share (yen) Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 2Q on 2Q ratio 26 Year on year ratio Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Equipment Business Environmental Test Chambers ■Stimulate replacement demand among existing customers by launching the energyefficient models of major products. ■ Enhance the ease of customization and improve the cost-to-sales ratio. ■ Put special focus on markets in China and other emerging countries in Asia. Energy Device Equipment ■Increase the sales of energy devices and continue sales promotional activities. Semiconductor Equipment ■Promote the sales of measurement evaluation systems by facilitating a more proactive approach to customers in the growing power device and eco device (EV/HEV, LED, PV, and LIB) markets. ■ Explore next-generation methods for evaluating flash memories. FPD Equipment ■Promote the sales of clean ovens in the market for small liquid crystal displays for organic EL devices and smartphones. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 27 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Equipment Business 2011/3 (Result) 2012/3 (Plan) Second Quarter Fiscal Second Quarter Fiscal OrdersReceived 11,996 24,557 12,400 103.4% 24,400 △0.6% Net sales 10,284 23,529 11,600 112.8% 25,000 106.3% Operating income [Profit ratio (%)] 433 [4.2%] 1,202 [5.1%] 350 [3.0%] △19.2% 1,100 [4.4%] △8.5% (millions of yen) 2Q on 2Q ratio Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 28 Year on year ratio Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Service Business 2011/3 (Result) (millions of yen) Second Quarter Fiscal 2012/3 (Plan) Second Quarter Fiscal 2Q on 2Q ratio Year on year ratio OrdersReceived 2,711 5,320 2,650 △2.3% 5,500 103.4% Net sales 2,322 5,027 2,600 112.0% 5,400 107.4% 147 [6.3%] 263 [5.2%] 170 [6.5%] 115.6% 350 [6.5%] 133.1% Operating income [Profit ratio (%)] After-sales Service and Engineering ■Apply a maintenance contract to new products and enhance the maintenance services offered under the contract. ■ Work with sales personnel to propose to customers the upgrading of existing models, in order to reduce energy consumption, and encourage users to sign a new maintenance contract. Commissioned Tests and Facility Rentals ■Develop and offer new test menus concerning power devices and eco devices. ■ Promote sales by reinforcing testing facilities and use test centers as showrooms. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 29 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Other Business 2011/3 (Result) (millions of yen) Second Quarter 2012/3 (Plan) Second Quarter Fiscal Fiscal 2Q on 2Q ratio Year on year ratio Orders-Received 463 1,170 550 118.8% 1,300 111.1% Net sales 381 1,158 400 105.0% 1,300 112.3% △32 [−%] △77 [−%] △120 [−%] −% △150 [−%] −% Operating income [Profit ratio (%)] Environmental Engineering ■Promote sales in the sectors of forest and waterfront recovery and offer rooftop/wall greening systems using moss. New Business ■Strengthen the sales of plant factories at home/abroad and establish the business basis. ■ Develop new business by leveraging the company’s core technologies and strengths. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 30 Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Dividends Dividend policy Recognizing that passing on profits to our shareholders is a key priority and that raising corporate value on a lasting basis is fundamental to raising shareholder value, dividends are decided taking into account sustainability and the dividend payout ratio. Dividend per share Net income and total cash dividend *Consolidated dividend payout ratio in parentheses. *Includes special dividend of 2 yen to commemorate the 60th anniversary of ESPEC Corp. (yen) Full year 30 (millions of yen) 3,000 2Q 24 ※ 20 2,000 (forecast) 12 15 14 5 10 12 Net income Total cash dividend 9 15 1,654 1,216 1,000 568 (forecast) 332 189 8 3 10 5 5 08/3 10 △ 1,000 5 09/3 △ 561 10/3 (46.7%) 10/3 353 11/3 12/3 △ 3,000 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 31 11/3 (21.3%) △ 2,000 09/3 1,400 353 0 0 08/3 (plan) △ 2,630 12/3 (25.1%) Management policy and Business Plan March 2012 Toward Sustained Growth and Development Take green innovation as a golden business opportunity to affect a shift to more “proactive management.” Global recession FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 the Great East Japan Earthquake Period of emergency action NEW ESPEC Restructuring of business base and preparation for next step forward through reform Establishing overwhelming business competitiveness Key themes: -Business and revenue structure reform -Preparation for mid-term growth through the concentration of cross-group synergy and innovation FY2011 proactive management Creation of “Powerful Products” and “Powerful Factories” ■ ■The Themid-term mid-termmanagement managementplan planwill willbe berevised revisedand andmade made public publicwhen whenfuture futureprospects prospectsbecome becomeclearer. clearer. Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 32 New midterm management plan These Thesematerials materialscontain containforward-looking forward-lookingstatements, statements,including includingthe the Company’s Company’spresent presentplans plansand andforecasts forecastsof ofperformance, performance,that that reflect the Company’s plans and forecasts based on the reflect the Company’s plans and forecasts based on the information informationpresently presentlyavailable. available.These Theseforward-looking forward-lookingstatements statements are arenot notguarantees guaranteesof offuture futureperformance, performance,and andplans, plans,forecasts, forecasts, and andperformance performanceare aresubject subjectto tochange changedepending dependingon onfuture future conditions conditionsand andvarious variousother otherfactors. factors. INQUIRIES: ESPEC CORP. 3-5-6, Tenjinbashi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8550, Japan TEL: 81-6-6358-8820 FAX: 81-6-6358-6382 E-mail: [email protected] Keiji Oshima General Manager General Affairs & Personnel Department Yo Hirao Corporate Services Group General Affairs & Personnel Department Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 33 Reference Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 1 Company and Business Profile Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 2 Company Profile Company Profile Name ESPEC CORP. Head Office 3-5-6, Tenjinbashi, Kita-ku, Osaka Represented By Masaaki Ishida Established July 25,1947 Incorporated January 13,1954 Paid-up Capital ¥6,895Million Shares Issued 23,781,394 Shares Employees 1,298 (consolidated) Main Business Manufacture and Sales of Environmental Test Chambers, Semiconductor Equipment, FPD Equipment and Vegetation Factories, After-sales Service and Commissioned Tests (As of March 31, 2011) Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 3 Company Profile Global Network U.S.A. U.S.A. EU EU ●ESPEC ●ESPEC NORTH NORTH AMERICA, AMERICA, INC. INC. △ESPEC △ESPEC EUROPE EUROPE GmbH GmbH ASIA ASIA JAPAN JAPAN ●SHANGHAI ●SHANGHAI ESPEC ESPEC ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL EQUIPMENT CORP. EQUIPMENT CORP. ○GUANGZHOU ○GUANGZHOU ESPEC ESPEC ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT CO., CO., LTD. LTD. ●ESPEC ENVIRONMENTAL ●ESPEC ENVIRONMENTAL EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT (SHANGHAI) (SHANGHAI) CO., CO., LTD. LTD. △ESPEC △ESPEC TEST TEST TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY (SHANGHAI) (SHANGHAI) CO., CO., LTD. LTD. ●ESPEC ●ESPEC (CHINA) (CHINA) LIMITED LIMITED ●ESPEC KOREA CORP. ●ESPEC KOREA CORP. △ESPEC △ESPEC (MALAYSIA) (MALAYSIA) SDN. SDN. BHD BHD ●ESPEC ●ESPEC CORP. CORP. ●ESPEC ●ESPEC TECHNO TECHNO CORP. CORP. ●ESPEC KYUSHU CORP. ●ESPEC KYUSHU CORP. ●ESPEC ●ESPEC MIC MIC CORP. CORP. △MIC FARM OHGUCHI △MIC FARM OHGUCHI CORP. CORP. ●: Consolidated Subsidiaries ○: Equity Method Applied Affiliated Companies △:Unconsolidated Subsidiaries (As of March 31, 2011) Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 4 Environmental Test Business History of Environmental Test What is Environmental Test Test to analyze and evaluate effects of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and light on various industrial products like electronic components in order to ensure product quality. Environmental test was standardized in the United States for stabilizing and improving quality of military supplies. Environmental test was JIS standardized in Japan for stabilizing and improving quality of consumer products. Demand for environmental test has increased due to increased use of electronic parts, shortened development period, and pursuit for lower cost and higher quality. Japan's Japan's First First Environmental Environmental Test Test Chamber Chamber To To domestic domestic market market share share No. No. 11 OTHER 42% Low temperature & humidity chamber "Lucifer" (1961) Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved ESPEC 58% ※Based on company estimates (2009) 5 Temperature & humidity chamber "Platinous K series" (1997) Equipment Business [Equipment Business] Usage Case with Environmental Test Chamber Car Navigation (GPS) ECU CCD Secondary Cell Compact Size Motor Secondary Cell (Battery) Power Device In-vehicle Sensor LED ECU Representative Examples for Environmental Testing Device Process/Test Condition 【Power Device】 Inspection 【In-vehicle Sensor】 Inspection Evaluation 【CCD/CMOS】 In-vehicle Sensor Production Evaluation Inspection Our Products ■Thermal shock test:−40℃⇔+125℃ Thermal shock chamber ■left under high temperature:+175℃、+85℃ (Compact size) Oven ■Burn-in test Burn-in chamber ■Temperature cycle test of board:−40℃⇔+110℃ Temperature & humidity chamber (Platinous) /Oven ■ Temperature characteristic test after soldering: Linear change between -30℃ and +85℃ Burn-in chamber, Rapid-rate thermal cycle chamber ■ Thermal shock test : −30℃⇔RT⇔+80℃、 −55℃⇔+155℃ Thermal shock chamber ■ Diffusion Test: +150℃ Compact size Oven ■ Drying after cleaning: +85℃ Clean Oven ■Screening:+85℃ Temperature chamber (Platinous)/Burn-in chamber ■Temperature and humidity test:+85℃/+85%rh、+60℃/90%rh Temperature & humidity chamber (Platinous) ■Acceleration test:+120℃/100%rh HAST chamber Thermalreserved shock test :−40℃⇔+125℃、−20℃⇔+85℃ Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All■rights 6 Thermal shock chamber Equipment Business [Equipment Business] Usage Case with Semiconductor Equipment Screening Used for inspection in the manufacture of semiconductor devices to ensure product reliability suitable for mass production Semiconductors Heat load Burn-in chamber × × × Elimination of latent early failures Reliability Evaluation Used to evaluate basic failure patterns to ensure reliability in the development of new technologies Example of defect in soldered joint PCB Heat cycle load Crack in solder Electrical evaluation of reliability of joints in electronic parts Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 7 Conductor resistance evaluation system Equipment Business [Equipment Business] Usage Case with FPD Equipment Orientation film baking process Drying/Anneal Transparent electrode formation process Bake Protection film formation process Pre bake /Post bake R,G,B Process Pre bake /Post bake BM Process Drying Resist spreading process Pre bake Exposure and Development process Pre bake TFT process Anneal Seal stiffening process Module Process Assembly Process Completion Completion Cleaning process 8 【 CORP. ArrayAllProcess 】 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC rights reserved TFT TFT substrate substrate Source Source Glass Glass Lamination CF substrate Source Source Glass Glass 【Cell Process】 【 Color Filter Process 】 【Single Loading Plate Processing System Vertical Clean Oven】 Service Business [Service Business] After Service and Engineering Preventive maintenance of products, maintenance service, and the upgrading/improvement and installation/relocation of products ■ Well-developed domestic and overseas networks ■ Technical service available around-the-clock Commissioned Test and Facility Rental Commissioning of testing, analysis, and evaluation; consulting; equipment rental; sales of used products; calibration of test equipment, etc. ■ The company has four commissioned test centers in Japan (Utsunomiya, Toyota, Kariya and Kobe). - These centers are IECQ-approved independent testing laboratories that meet ISO/IEC17025 standards. -The centers are also recognized as official calibration facilities under the Japan Calibration Service System (JCSS). 【 Test conducted by a staff member】 【Commissioned test center in Kobe】 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 9 Other Businesses [Other Business] Forest Recovery Waterfront Recovery ■Seedling-based forest recovery technology ■Bestmann plant-based waterfront recovery system Recovery of local forest by selecting species and planting out seedlings using potential natural vegetation data. Reconstruction of natural environment, development of vegetative revetments, and water quality improvement using aquatic plants. Urban Greening ■ Unit greening system Provision of roof and wall greening systems that use moss to effectively alleviate heat island effect. 11 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved Plant Factory ■Plant production and propagation system Provision of various cultivation environments employing advanced environmental control 11 temperature, humidity, technologies to control light, carbon dioxide, etc. 10 Other Businesses [Other Business] Usage Case with plant factory Plant factories are attracting greater attention against the backdrop of the growing awareness of food safety/security among consumers and because of concern over the increase of extreme weather, which is considered a by-product of global warming. Vegetable Vegetable growing growing system system “PLANTCELLAR” “PLANTCELLAR” ■This product employs a hydroponic culture system that grows vegetables in a cleaner environment without soil. ■ Due to its compact size, this product fits comfortably into limited space within a restaurant or store. ■ Vegetables of uniform quality can be easily grown even without specialized knowledge. Cool air unit Control panel Stirring fan Cultivation tray - Vegetables are cultivated hydroponically through use of liquid fertilizers. - This product can be also used for organic cultivation using a soil medium.Stirring fan Artificial lighting - Fluorescent lamp + LED lighting (blue, red, white…) Liquid fertilizer tank Magnetic pump Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 11 Artificial lighting: Fluorescent lamp + LED lighting (red) Vegetables that can be grown using the PLANTCELLAR -Leafy vegetables, such as leaf lettuce and Boston lettuce - Herbs, such as basil and Italian parsley Achievement and Financial Data Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 12 Achievement and Financial Data Trends in Orders Received (Segment) Other Business Service Business(Electronic Device Business) (millions of yen) 40,000 Equipment Business(Environmental Test Business) Elimination 43,248 493 (1%) 12,092 (28%) 30,000 Segment Change 40,761 1,049 (3%) 9,141 (22%) 1,104 (3%) 6,294 (20%) 20,000 10,000 0 30,891 (72%) 30,711 (75%) △ 229 △ 140 07/3 08/3 24,894 (78%) △ 10,000 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 30,924 32,106 13 22,989 942 (4%) 2,755 (12%) 1,170 (4%) 5,320 (17%) 19,499 (84%) 24,557 (79%) △ 187 △ 209 △ 124 09/3 10/3 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trend in Sales (Segment) Other Business Service Business(Electronic Device Business) Equipment Business(Environmental Test Business) (millions of yen) 40,000 42,595 911 (2%) 11,780 (28%) 30,000 40,918 Elimination 1,002 (3%) 9,590 (22%) 34,914 980 (3%) 8,208 (24%) 20,000 10,000 0 30,277 (71%) 30,463 (75%) △ 374 07/3 △ 138 08/3 25,911 (74%) △ 186 09/3 △ 10,000 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 14 Segment Change 29,589 23,775 1,052 (4%) 3,927 (17%) 18,978 (79%) △ 182 10/3 1,158 (4%) 5,027 23,529 (79%) △ 125 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends in Operating Income and Operating Income to Sales (Segment) Other Business Service Business(Electronic Device Business) Equipment Business(Environmental Test Business) Elimination (millions of yen) 4,000 3,930 397 2,000 3,129 9.2 3,538 1,000 Elimination 2 △7 Other Elimination △1 509 39 1.5 747 △ 275 24 08/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 1,391 263 △738 Other 15 Elimination △ 0 △ 533 Elimination △ 1,000 07/3 12.0 Segment Change 7.6 2,914 0 16.0 Other 43 171 3,000 (%) Operating income to sales (full year) 09/3 15 4.7 1,202 Elimination Other △ △ 3.1 1 4.0 0.0 77 △ 220 10/3 8.0 △ 4.0 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends in Ordinary Income and Ordinary Income to Sales (%) (millions of yen) Ordinary Income 5,000 4,000 Ordinary Income to sales 4,049 16.0 2,971 3,000 2,000 20.0 9.6 12.0 1,683 5.7 7.3 766 1,000 8.0 4.0 2.2 0 0.0 △ 2.4 △ 565 △ 1,000 07/3 08/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 09/3 16 10/3 △ 4.0 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends in Net Income and Net Income Ratio (millions of yen) 3,000 2,523 2,000 5.9 1,000 (%) Net Income Net Income Ratio 15.0 1,654 5.6 1,216 5.0 3.0 0 0.0 △ 1.6 △ 561 △ 1,000 △ 2,000 △ 5.0 △ 10.0 △ 11.1 △ 2,630 △ 3,000 07/3 08/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 10.0 09/3 17 10/3 △ 15.0 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends in Orders by Quarter (Segment) O t h e r Bu sin e ss S e r vic e Bu sin e ss(Ele c t r o n ic De vic e Bu sin e ss) Equ ipme n t Bu sin e ss(En vir o n me n t al Te st Bu sin e ss) (millions of yen) 1 6 ,0 0 0 1 4 ,0 0 0 1 1 ,5 9 5 1 2 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,0 0 0 8 ,0 0 0 6 ,0 0 0 4 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 0 0 0 1 2 ,5 0 3 226 Segment Change 12,176 222 1 1 ,0 3 2 11 ,20 3 152 271 3 ,5 7 9 9 ,8 5 8 9 ,4 1 8 9 ,4 4 1 22 0 4 ,6 3 5 4 ,1 1 7 3 ,2 0 0 2 56 3 1 7 8 ,9 6 0 8 ,3 7 8 285 3 ,3 7 6 1 , 3 9 91 , 7 0 2 2 ,3 5 1 164 1 ,5 1 0 9 1 8 7 ,0 7 6 291 694 8 ,4 9 0 7 ,3 3 2 7,871 402 7 ,2 2 9 6 ,4 6 1 21 3 1,235 304 6 ,1 2 0 6,0 48 1 , 3 9 72 5 0 1 ,3 1 3 1 ,3 7 3 1 7 8 2 0 6 44 71 07 835 720 4 ,4 7 3 4 ,3 6 0 426 8 ,7 2 3 7 ,6 8 8 7 ,8 7 3 7 ,4 4 3 7 ,3 4 5 4 8 71 24 91 7 ,7 9 3 7 ,5 3 7 7 ,3 0 8 7 ,3 0 6 7 ,2 3 7 6,886 6 ,2 8 7 6 ,1 1 1 5 ,6 7 5 5 , 5 9 5 5 , 1 7 75 , 1 7 1 5 ,7 0 8 4 , 1 3 13 , 5 5 5 △186 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 07/3 09/3 08/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 18 10/3 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends in Sales by Quarter (Segment) O th e r Bu sin e ss (millions of yen) S e r vic e Bu sin e ss(Ele c tr o n ic De vic e Bu sin e ss) 16,000 Equ ipme n t Bu sin e ss(En vir o n me n t al Te st Bu sin e ss) 14,369 420 14,000 12,000 151 7,813 2 ,5 61 172 7,767 6,000 10,516 2,636 335 2 ,2 96 4,000 5 ,40 1 6 ,2 35 9,333 2,366 469 518 187 1 ,8 0 4 7,337 2 ,4 84 182 1 ,5 5 3 2 ,2 50 5,154 5,009 4,279 1 0 6 1 4 9 1 0 ,18 2 8 ,4 5 9 9,175 7,885 1 ,8 83 2 ,39 2 141 9,290 2,775 8,923 Segment Change 278 218 3 ,0 1 5 158 11,352 3,812 182 10,000 8,000 12,462 11,536 8,523 5 ,7 71 379 9,470 6 ,6 99 8,031 5 ,9 0 5 6 ,3 61 5 ,6 1 2 278 537 759 6 ,6 33 4 ,7 07 4,159 3 ,4 7 8 2,000 10,112 588 7,974 214 1 ,52 7 1 , 2 8 3 6,560 188 4,942 1,178 166 1 ,0 3 9 8 ,02 0 6 ,5 1 7 5,224 3 ,7 6 7 0 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 07/3 08/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 09/3 19 10/3 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends of financial ratios (%) 15.0 Return on equity ROE 1.5 ROA 1.2 6.1 6.7 0.92 8.3 1.9 3.9 0.0 △ 1.5 0.9 4.6 0.81 0.65 0.3 △ 9.5 △ 10.0 △ 15.0 0.0 07/3 08/3 09/3 10/3 11/3 07/3 Liquidity ratio/Current ratio Quick assets to current liabilities ratio 70 315.5 278.3 300 Fixed assets ratio 60 233.5 69.1 11/3 Shareholders equity ratio 76.0 70.6 72.4 54.0 267.1 48.1 50 45.9 225.3 45.4 41.0 195.9 40 07/3 150 07/3 10/3 312.4 277.8 200 09/3 75.0 362.2 336.6 350 80 08/3 Fixed assets ratio Shareholders’ equity ratio (%) Liquidity ratio/Current ratio Quick assets to current liabilities ratio 250 0.85 0.96 0.6 △ 1.9 △ 5.0 (%) Total assets turnover (Times) 9.2 10.0 5.0 Return on assets 08/3 09/3 10/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 11/3 20 08/3 09/3 10/3 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends of investment index Price to earnings ratio Price to book value ratio (Times) PER 40 (Yen) PBR 30 2.0 Cash dividends per share ※This contain 2 yen as commemorative dividend 24 ※ 22 1.5 30 1.1 20 10 15 14 19.6 0.8 1.0 0.7 10 0.6 0.4 13.9 ※ 20 8 (計画) 0.5 9.9 Net loss 0 07/3 08/3 09/3 60 46.7 07/3 11/3 Dividend payout ratio (%) 0 0.0 10/3 (millions of yen) 40,000 35,114 30,000 23,614 20.6 21.4 20 10/3 11/3 23,701 23,731 24,000 23,731 18,913 20,000 23,890 (Thousands of share) 26,000 Total market value Number of shares outstanding (After treasury stock subtraction) 50,000 40 09/3 Total market value Number of shares outstanding 60,000 60 Dividend paid despite net loss 08/3 23,460 16,258 10,000 10,679 0 0 07/3 08/3 09/3 10/3 07/3 11/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 21 08/3 09/3 22,000 10/3 11/3 Achievement and Financial Data Trends of investment (millions of yen) Capital expenditures Depreciation expenses (millions of yen) 1,200 2,000 1,534 1,000 1,097 1,098 955 866 1,500 800 1,051 1,000 703 600 784 500 317 400 421 200 0 0 07/3 08/3 09/3 10/3 (millions of yen) 07/3 11/3 08/3 R&D expenditures 3,000 2,543 2,500 1,988 2,000 1,506 1,500 870 1,000 1,092 500 0 07/3 Copyright (C) 2011 ESPEC CORP. All rights reserved 08/3 22 09/3 10/3 11/3 09/3 10/3 11/3