Alberta Agriculture (af)

Transcript

Alberta Agriculture and Food’s Drought Risk Management Program and Weather Station Networks Daniel Itenfisu and Ralph Wright Alberta Agriculture and Food Presentation outline • Alberta Drought Risk Management Program • Agriculture and Food (AF) Meteorological network- Expansion Partnership • Data QA/QC • Data, weather analysis, maps -Delivery: Agro Climatic Information Service (web) AB Drought Risk Management Plan • The 1990 drought triggered the formation of the Alberta ADRMC • Partners:- Agriculture and Food, Environment, AFSC, PFRA • Developed and implemented a provincial drought policy based on preparedness Achievements • Implemented and improved :soil moisture and drought risk management models standard weather monitoring network, data quality and information deliveries • Enhanced public and organizations understanding and collaboration SM Model overview Based upon the Versatile Soil Moisture Budget (Baier and Robertson (1966) - Relatively simple and operational! - Medium textured soil with four layers, each 300 mm thick - Computes soil moisture, ET, drought indices, etc… for 4418 Townships Soils and crop data Daily Climate Data Other Inputs Soil Water Holding Capacity (AWHC) Minimum Temperature Township centers lat. and long. Crop (wheat, Pasture) development stages Maximum Temperature 10 km grid of 45 years daily Climactic averages Plant Available Soil water (PAW) Precipitation More than 35 other constants, and arrays AF Weather Stations Networks and Data Access Existing and Proposed Stations in Alberta (Near Real Time) AF Stations: (N = 115) • Common Elements • ►All season ppt (GEONOR) ►Temperature ►Humidity • ►Wind speed 2 m ►GOES platform ► Campbell Cr10x-2m loggers • 36 Drought Net Stations (AGDM) • • • • Incoming short-wave solar radiation (26) Net Radiation (3) Wind speed and direction at 10 m (36) Soil moisture and temperature (5 - 20 - 50 - 100 cm) (30) • 10 IMCIN Stations • Incoming short-wave solar radiation (10) • Wind speed and direction at 10 m (10) • 67 Agriculture Climate Monitoring Stations (AGCM) • Wind direction at 2m (15) • Incoming short-wave solar radiation(15) Historical Data QAQC and Data-Filling for Near Real-Time weather Data Provide a computer-assisted quality assurance and quality control and data filling List of Parameters (Hourly) • • • • • • • • Temperature Humidity Solar Radiation Wind Speed Wind Direction Precipitation (hourly and 6 hourly) Soil Moisture Soil Temperature Quality States • Valid • Not needed to be checked by a human • Suspect • Needs to be checked by a human and validated or filled • Invalid • needs to be filled • Missing • needs to be filled QAQC Checks (Parameter Dependent) Range Checks • • • • Three range checks • Valid • Suspect • Invalid Invalid Suspect Valid Hourly Parameter of Interest If the data falls within the inner range then it will be marked Valid If it falls in between the outer range and the inner range it will be marked Suspect If data falls outside the outer range it will be marked as Invalid If the data is missing it will be marked Missing and then filled QAQC Checks: • Step • maximum allowable change • Persistence • minimum allowable change • Like Sensor • similar value to similar sensors • Spatial • similar value to neighboring stations Data Filling • Temporal filling • Regression gap fill • Neighbor offset function • Mean • Spatial filling • Inverse distance weighting (IDW) • Neighbor offset function • Spatial-temporal filling (IDW+) • Manual filling • Validation modules are pluggable Public Access to Data • Daily access via FTP to QA/QC’d data • Hourly • Daily • Web access to data and products through the Agro Climatic Information Service (ACIS) http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/ The AgroClimatic Information Service (ACIS) • Web based station meta data, data and maps delivery system Uses :• Relating weather data to the farming operations • Using historical data to manage future risk • Access information for local weather station(s) Quick Viewer Quick Viewer Standardized Map Legends: Frequency of Occurrence (1961 to 2005) • Precipitation • 30-day • 90-day • 180-day • 365-day • Monthly • Growing Season (Apr 1 to Sep 30) • Cold Season (Oct 1 to Mar 31) • Temperature • Monthly • Snow Pack • Soil Moisture • Spring Wheat • Pasture Quick Viewer Quick Viewer Quick Viewer Climate Mapper Weather Mapper Station Viewer Station Viewer Station Viewer Station Viewer Station Viewer Model uses • Determine dry and wet areas in the province • Determine the length of the Growing • • • • Season Assess seasonal soil moisture condition and drought risks Monitoring crop growth condition Estimate Freezing date probabilities Assess insect and crop diseases Summary Alberta have:  Standard high density weather station network and QA/QC processes Web based access to weather data and derivatives Operational Drought risk management program Thank you!