Transcript
AN ABSORBANCE SPECTRUM IS A LANGUAGE OF ITS OWN. EACH PEAK AND VALLEY SIGNIFIES THE QUANTIFIED PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF A SPECIFIC CHEMICAL. IF YOU CAN READ THAT LANGUAGE, YOU CAN READ THE COMPOSITION OF YOUR STREAM AT A GLANCE.
AAI ENGINEERING. THE FUTURE OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESS ANALYSIS.
MEASURING NOX, USA
MONITORING TAIL GAS, ARUBA
MEASURING H2S, KAZAKHSTAN
MEASURING H2S, QATAR
WHO WE WHO WE ARE ARE
MEASURING CHLORINE, CHINA
Applied Analytics (AAI), designs, manufactures, and supports advanced analytical solutions for a higher caliber of process control. We primarily serve the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, power generation, refining, environmental, and semiconductor industries, yet we remain pioneers in process control technology—always eager for new applications and opportunities for innovative engineering.
COPYRIGHT
MEASURING BENZENE, USA
MEASURING H2S IN LPG, PERU
CONTENTS HEREIN
MEASURING AMMONIA, USA
© 2011 Applied Analytics Group B.V. Products or references stated may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. All rights reserved. Information in this document subject to change.
MEASURING H2S IN PROPANE, USA
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introduction OMA Series Process Analyzers MicroSpec Modular Analyzers TLG-837 Tail Gas Analyzer OIW-100 Oil in Water Analyzer TSA-100 Total Sulfur Analyzers CVA-100 Wobbe Index Analyzer auxiliary products sample conditioning contact information
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OMA SERIES P R O C E S S A N A LY Z E R S
The OMA-300 Process Analyzer is our flagship product, the cornerstone of our technology. This system’s multi-decade field reputation for stability and automation made AAI engineering into a premiere global brand. By nature, diode array detection has the flexibility to address a wide berth of applications. Scanning a broad, high-res spectrum produced by 1,024 photodiodes, the OMA-300 translates the absorbance of virtually any process to its live chemical composition. The OMA Series includes: • • • •
OMA-300 Process Analyzer OMA-300 CEM System OMA-300 Chlorine Analyzer OMA-300 Clean-in-Place Analyzer Applied Analytics
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• • • •
OMA-300 Color Analyzer OMA-300 DeNOx Analyzer OMA-300 H2S Analyzer OMA-300 Semiconductor Edition
OMA Series Process Analyzers
• OMA-206P Portable • OMA-406R Rack-Mount
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OMA
analyzer status
ANALYTE INDEX
trendgraph
ammonia aromatics (total) benzene caffeine carbon disulfide carbonyl sulfide chlorine chlorine dioxide cobalt ions color copper ions dimethyl suflide (DMS) ethanol ethylene glycol ferric chloride fluorine hydrogen peroxide hydrogen sulfide iron ions MEG purity MEHQ mercaptans methanol methyl iodide nickel ions nitric oxide nitrogen dioxide nitrogen trichloride ozone phenol sodium hydroxide sulfur dioxide TBC titanium tetrachloride toluene transmission vanadium vitamins xylene and more at www.a-a-inc.com
Set your preferred time scope for a customized historical view.
Industrial Controller
current concentrations
View live stream composition at a glance. If an alarm is configured, a concentration meter will appear below the relevant chemical to show current level relative to threshold level.
absorbance spectrum
The OMA-300 user interface is accessed through a simple, touch-screen display. The Eclipse software provides a streamlined user experience, but under the hood it houses the complex proprietary regression algorithms that allow accurate multi-component analysis. To learn how the OMA-300 simultaneously monitors multiple stream chemicals without any crossinterference, please visit: www.a-a-inc.com/multi-component
xenon lamp
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diode array
The nova-II Spectrophotometer The heart of the OMA-300 is the nova-II. Its diode array contains 1,024 photodiodes, each designated to detect a specific light wavelength. Compiling light intensity data from all these diodes at each instant, the nova-II continuously produces a full, high-resolution spectrum of sample absorbance.
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OMA Series Process Analyzers
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OMA-300 H2S ANALYZER Analyte(s): H2S Extensions: SO2, R-SH, COS, and/or NH3 Applications: natural gas, crude oil, syngas, biogas, kerosene, stripped sour water... Our most popular product in our most experienced application. The central consideration in H2S measurement accuracy is the ability to correct for a volatile background spectrum; in providing analysis truly free from cross-interference, the OMA-300-H2S stands alone.
OMA-300 CEM SYSTEM Analyte(s): SO2, NOX, CO, CO2, and O2 Extensions: H2S, Cl2, COS, and/or CS2 No single technology is sufficiently versatile to measure all of the chemicals targeted by continuous emissions monitoring (CEM). The OMA-300-CEM unifies three complementary technologies—UV-VIS diode array (SO2, NOX), infrared detection (CO, CO2), and tunable diode laser (O2)—in one coherent system, matching each chemical to its best detector.
OMA-300 CLEAN-IN-PLACE ANALYZER Analyte(s): active ingredient of previous batch Industries: pharmaceuticals, food processing, dairy production, beverage production, biotech... Clean-in-Place (CIP) is a method commonly used to clean reaction chambers without disassembly. The OMA-300-CIP vastly reduces downtime: instead of waiting for predetermined wash cycles to be over, the system monitors effluent wash solution, providing notification at the precise moment when the target chemical is eradicated.
OMA-300 CHLORINE ANALYZER Analyte(s): Cl2 Extensions: ClO2, FeCl3, NCl3, TiCl4, vanadium, VOCl3 Applications: measuring EDC purity; titanium dioxide pigment production; NCl3 control; VOCl3 in organic synthesis; chlorine compound production Seamless dynamic range from low ppm up to high percent is achieved by the nova-II, which makes automatic, real-time wavelength shifts to optimize the light signal in step with volatile concentrations. Applied Analytics
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OMA Series Process Analyzers
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OMA-300 DeNOX ANALYZER Analyte(s): NH3, NO, NO2, NOX Ammonia slip downstream from NOX reduction reactions indicates a host of problems (utility waste, pollution, and ammonium bisulfate plugging). The OMA-300-DNX continuously monitors the health of a DeNOX process stream, displaying real-time concentrations of ammonia and NOX. Unlmited alarms can easily be configured to alert the DCS the instant that any concentration thresholds are crossed.
OMA-300 SEMICONDUCTOR EDITION Applications: CMP slurry, SC-1, SC-2, wet etching (HF acid), SPM, metal ions, and more The OMA-300-SE is designed to monitor chemical composition in multiple streams, providing true process transparency at several yield-critical junctures in semiconductor wafer production. Measuring up to 4 stream components simultaneously, this system offers a new caliber of control in the realm of fab chemistry.
OMA-300 COLOR ANALYZER Scales: ASTM D-1500, APHA, Saybolt, Rosin, nonstandard, and multi-dimensional In cases where stream color can serve as an indicator of product health, trust diode array detection. Exploiting the broad spectrum, this system automatically shifts wavelength range to accommodate absorbance changes in the stream; this explains how the OMA-300-CLR never loses accuracy, even in a process that ranges drastically from transparent to near-opaque.
OMA-206P PORTABLE
OMA-406R RACK-MOUNT
Ultra-durable suitcase enclosure.
Fits standard 19” rack. Applied Analytics
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OMA Series Process Analyzers
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MICROSPEC M O D U L A R A N A LY Z E R S
The MicroSpec format was developed as an expansion module for the OMA-300. Chemicals that have no distinct absorbance features in the ultraviolet-visible range (the domain of the OMA-300) require alternative detection methods; we designed the MicroSpec modules to address these chemicals (O2, CO2, moisture, and more) with technologies like infrared detection and tunable diode laser spectroscopy. The compact, single-analyte package excels both as a rugged standalone (with dedicated controller) and as a workhorse element within a larger integrated system. The signature MicroSpec flow cell has a unique path length for each application. • oxygen • carbon monoxide • carbon dioxide
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• methane equivalency • ethylene • liquid water in miscible solvents
MicroSpec Modular Analyzers
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MICROSPEC MODULAR ANALYZERS DEAD-SIMPLE GUI The MicroSpec Series uses a 192x128 pixel backlit LCD screen as a graphical interface. The main screen (at left) displays the live concentration of the configured analyte. Four variable-function buttons below the screen are used to navigate the GUI. With the simple menus in the firmware, the user can easily perform tasks such as assigning minimum/maximum concentrations for the alarm threshold and scheduling an auto-zero.
MCP-200
TDL-506
INFRARED ANALYZER
OXYGEN ANALYZER
Technology: Non-dispersive IR detection
Technology: VCSEL tunable diode laser
Applications: carbon monoxide carbon dioxide methane equivalency ethylene liquid water
Applications: CEM combustion control reactor furnaces flare stack analysis waste incinerators
MODULAR DESIGN The MicroSpec design is fully adaptable for any site requirements or integration scheme. These units excel as repeating elements within larger analytical systems. All units are operated through a central controller (via RS-232) for seamless integration. Capabilities such as synchronous zero and shared sample conditioning maximizes the modular unit’s value. 0-5% CO 0-30% CO2 0-30% O2 Applied Analytics
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T L G - 8 3 7 TA I L G A S A N A LY Z E R
The TLG-837 is AAI’s solid state, in situ solution for online tail gas analysis in sulfur recovery. This system monitors realtime concentrations of H2S and SO2 in the Claus process stream, computing the control parameter for a continuously refreshed air demand signal. The critical point of innovation lies in the sampling design. The patented, in situ demister probe condenses sulfur vapor (the culprit of fouling and distortion) out of the process gas in a controlled manner, elegantly resolving the major vulnerability of the typical tail gas analyzer. The lack of sample lines and heat tracing translates to extremely fast response and low-maintenance performance.
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TLG-837 Tail Gas Analyzer
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THE APPLICATION
TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER
A critical step in refining crude oil and natural gas is the removal of naturally occurring hydrogen sulfide (notorious for its toxic, flammable, and corrosive properties). Typically, an amine unit is used to absorb H2S from fossil fuels. The Claus process is the industry standard for converting the “sour” H2S-rich gas from the amine unit into pure elemental sulfur, which can be sold or stored.
This complete system provides continuous, real-time measurement of the following analytes in a Claus process tail gas stream: • hydrogen sulfide (H2S) • sulfur dioxide (SO2) • air demand
• carbon disulfide (CS2) • carbonyl sulfide (COS)
In the Claus process, H2S is combusted with oxygen: 3H2S + 3/2O2
SO2 + H2O + 2H2S
A catalytic converter reacts these products to create elemental suflur in its various crystalline forms: 2H2S+ SO2
2H2O + 3/XSx
The correct 2:1 stoichiometric ratio of H2S to SO2 is necessary for efficient conversion. As shown by the combustion reaction, this ratio is maintained by adjusting the amount of available oxygen. The efficiency of the Claus process thus hinges on the reliability of the air demand signal, a value calculated from real-time measurement of H2S and SO2 concentrations in the tail gas stream. An additional concern is the detection of CS2 and COS, as the presence of these compounds indicates potential problems with the catalyst bed.
SULFUR VAPOR Elemental sulfur occurs in the Claus process stream as gaseous S8 molecules. This sulfur vapor distorts measurements and coats optical windows. The TLG-837 probe completely neutralizes the sulfur vapor problem using a method unlike any other analyzer. (See facing page.)
The TLG-837 uses nova-II diode array detection technology (see page 4) to simultaneously monitor H2S, SO2, COS, and CS2 in the tail gas stream and provide a continuously reliable air demand signal. Applied Analytics
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TLG-837 Tail Gas Analyzer
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THE PROBE CONCEPT (A) The Demister. Low-pressure steam is fed into the inner demister chamber, thus cooling the length of the sample intake path. As gas from the process rises up the probe body, this cooling effect forces incident sulfur to condense and drip back down to the pipeline. The sample that reaches the optical flow cell is virtually sulfur-free. (B) The Measurement. High-pressure steam is fed into a special channel in the probe head to heat the optical flow cell. This prevents any sulfur that might have survived the demister from condensing inside the flow cell and coating the lenses. (C) The Return. An aspirator motivates the measured sample to exit the flow cell and
flow down the return line. A venturi effect is created by restricting the flow at the junction between the aspirator and the return line; this pressure drop is what continuously cycles the sample. The exhausted sample is released back into the pipeline in the direction of the process flow.
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steam out
high-pressure steam in
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aspirator steam in low-pressure steam in
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Top: Simple probe retraction by hand or electric drill in the field. sample return
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Middle: The Utility Control Panel, which regulates the different pressures of the steam entering the probe. (Does not interact with the sample.) Bottom: The TLG-837 in the field.
TLG-837 Tail Gas Analyzer
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OIW-100
OIL-IN-WATER ANALYZER
TSA-100G
TOTAL SULFUR ANALYZER (GASEOUS STREAM)
Measuring aromatics’ absorbance across the 250-320nm wavelength range, the OIW-100 accurately correlates total oil concentrations from trace levels to high contamination. The nova II spectrophotometer (see page 2) is used for aromatics’ detection. OIW-100 sample conditioning system
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TOTAL SULFUR ANALYZER (LIQUID STREAM)
Analyte(s): total sulfur compounds in the process (all oxidized to SO2)
Analyte(s): total sulfur compounds in the process (all oxidized to SO2)
Sulfur content in natural gas is an oft-cited parameter for improving product quality, distribution networks, and pollution control. The solid state TSA-100G continuously monitors total sulfur compounds in gaseous hydrocarbon streams.
The allowable sulfur content in diesel is dropping steadily with pressure from myriad interest groups. The TSA-100L takes the pain out of compliance, smoothly monitoring total sulfur compounds in diesel down to trace levels.
This system uses a pyrolyzer to combust all sulfur compounds in the sample to SO2; the oxidized sample is fed into the flow cell, where SO2 is measured by nova II spectrophotometer (see page 2).
The TSA-100L prepares a sample with precise fuel:air ratio, then gasifies it by heating the mixing chamber. A pyrolyzer combusts all sulfur compounds in the sample to SO2. The oxidized sample enters the flow cell for UV fluorescence measurement.
Analyte(s): total petroleum content in water
Continuously monitoring dynamic oil concentrations in effluent water, the OIW-100 is a painless and economical option for complying with increasingly stringent wastewater regulations.
TSA-100L
TSA-100G sample conditioning system
More Solutions
TSA-100L sample conditioning system
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SUPPORT BY AAI
Our specialization as a provider of process analysis means that all of our focus and resources are permanently dedicated to the longterm performance of our solutions. With AAI technology, “long-term” equates to decades of reliable process monitoring.
MIX-2000
CVA-100
WOBBE INDEX ANALYZER
DIGITAL GAS MIXER
Analyte(s): calorific value of hydrocarbon fuels
From natural gas quality assurance to flare stack optimization, the CVA-100 is the ideal instrument for monitoring the heating value of hydrocarbon fuels. This solid state instrument uses tunable diode laser detection to measure oxygen in the sample before and after passing through the CVA-100’s conditioning furnace. The resulting residual O2 measurement has a strong linear correlation with the heating value of the fuel.
To back up that claim, we maintain a comprehensive global support network. Our service commitment spans from rigorous pre-build application research to expedient start-up, followed by 24-hour support for the lifetime of your systems. The highly experienced, certified field engineers that we dispatch to your sites take pride in ensuring that lifetime exceeds your expectations.
The MIX-2000 uses cutting-edge thermal mass flow controllers to produce complex gas mixtures (up to 5 gases simultaneously) accurately and repeatably. Designed for use by scientists and laboratory personnel, this compact system includes a notebook PC (Windows® OS).
ePurge X
PURGE CONTROLLER
CVA-100 sample conditioning system
The solid state ePurge X is a next-generation purge controller with fully automated purge and pressurization functions. Bearing an ultra-slim profile when installed, this unit mounts directly onto an electronics enclosure and protrudes less than an inch from the surface. A digital mass flow sensor selfregulates purge duration. Applied Analytics
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More Solutions
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SAMPLE CONDITIONING
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1. H2S (0-7000 ppm) and NH3 (0-7000 ppm) in dirty wastewater. This “double headspace” system monitors chemicals in opaque liquids by stripping them into the vapor phase. 2. Cl2 (0-50%) and NCl3 (0-30%). Teflon fittings prevent particle generation. 3. H2O (0-500 ppm) in liquid. MCP-200 Analyzer mounted inside enclosure. 4. H2S (0-20 ppm) on offshore platform. Specified to withstand ultra-corrosive maritime environment. 5. H2S (0-10 ppm), NOX (0-100 ppm), SO2 (0-10 ppm). CO (0-10%), and CO2 (0-30%) in oil exploration. 6. H2S (0-20 ppm) in multiple carbon dioxide streams. Used in breweries to monitor bottling utility gas. 7. H2S (0-1200 ppm) and COS (0-120 ppm). This close-coupled system is mounted directly on the stack via sintered metal probe—see probe connection at center—to minimize sample path and response time. 8. H2S (0-25 ppm) and R-SH (0-1000 ppm) in an LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) stream. Page 14
T H E F U T U R E O F I N D U S T R I A L P R O C E S S A N A LY S I S
APPLIED ANALYTICS MIDDLE EAST (FZE) SHARJAH, UAE
[email protected] APPLIED ANALYTICS, INC. (HEADQUARTERS) CONCORD, MA, USA
[email protected]
APPLIED ANALYTICS NORTH AMERICA LTD. HOUSTON, TX, USA
[email protected]
APPLIED ANALYTICS ASIA PTE. LTD. SINGAPORE
[email protected]
APPLIED ANALYTICS (INDIA) PTE. LTD. MUMBAI, INDIA
[email protected]
APPLIED ANALYTICS EUROPE, SpA MILAN, ITALY
[email protected]
www.a-a-inc.com Applied Analytics is a registered trademark of Applied Analytics Group B.V. Catalog Rev. 3.01
