Asphalt

Transcript

Asphalt 45 Analysis and Binder Recovery 45 Design and Testing of Bituminous Mixtures 45 Specific Gravity 46 Bitumen and Tar 46 Mastic Asphalt 47 Temperature and Density 47 Core Drilling 47 Surface Regularity 47 Pavement Flexure 47 Texture The main engineering use of bituminous materials is in road construction.The material consists essentially of two ingredients, aggregate and binder.The term Asphalt is simply one of two generic names used to classify or describe bituminous mixtures; the other being Macadam. In the USA the term Asphalt denotes what in the UK is known as Bitumen. Within these two broad groups lie an almost infinite number of mixtures which may either be specified or designed to suit a particular engineering requirement. It is important therefore that equipment and test methods are available to determine such properties as optimum binder content, aggregate grading, void content and other parameters.Traditional methods of design including the Marshall test are slowly being replaced or supported by test methods which include the determination of resilient modulus and indirect tensile fatigue tests using micro-computers to control and subsequently analyse data. The apparatus described in this Section includes equipment that meets the requirements of standard tests and the latest developments in the field of computerised testing, recording and analysis. Analysis and Binder Recovery Used in production and quality control testing of bituminous mixes Why Test Asphalt? Deformation under load, stress-strain characteristics and performance criteria including fatigue cracking, creep and other effects are determined Design and Testing 129 45 Asphalt Analysis and binder recovery Analysis of Bituminous Mixtures and Binder Recovery Analysis of bituminous mixtures is necessary to ensure compliance to the mix specification, economical use of materials and production control. A number of test methods are available. The recovery and subsequent testing of a bituminous binder from the aggregate-binder mixture is often required where it is necessary to confirm binder content and its associated properties such as penetration. Note: equipment for the analysis of bituminous mixtures and binder recovery requires the use of solvents not supplied be ELE. EL45-3720/01 Binder Recovery Apparatus Binder Recovery Apparatus Double-sample Unit BS 598-102, BS 5284, EN 12697-1 The unit comprises a water bath, electric heater and vacuum pump complete with regulator gauge and manifold. This double unit is particularly useful as most test methods require duplicate binder determinations. The apparatus is mounted on a baseboard and supplied complete with two flasks, bungs and rubber tubing. Ordering Information EL45-3720/01 Binder Recovery Apparatus Double-sample Unit Weight 17.5 kg For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph. Hot Extractor Method and Determination of Water Content BS 598-102, EN 12697-1,-14 This apparatus is used for the extraction of binder from asphalt and may also be used to determine the water content of bituminous mixtures.The method is not suitable for the extraction of binder from mastic and pitchmastic asphalt. Ordering Information EL45-3781 Hot Extractor comprising a non-corrodible mesh container which fits into a metal pot with a gasket and cover.The cover is bolted to the pot forming a seal and includes an orifice to accept the Dean and Stark receiver and reflux condenser supplied. Weight 8 kg Hot Extractor System and mesh container 130 Asphalt Analysis and binder recovery 45 Asphalt Centrifuge Extractors EN 12697-1; ASTM D2172; AASHTO T164 ■ Continuously variable speed control from 0 to 3,600 rpm (1500 g capacity model) ■ Brake control for rapid deceleration ■ Available in either 1500 g or 3000 g capacity models The Centrifuge Extractor is used to determine the quantitative amount of bitumen in bituminous paving mixtures whilst providing high safety to the operator. Specification Dimensions (l x w x h) 559 x 305 x 508 mm Control 1500 g Variable speed, 0-3600 rpm 3000 g Variable speed, 0-2600 rpm Precision-machined aluminium; removable, Cover with integral cup for adding solvent Housing Cast aluminium, sealed Bowl Precision-machined aluminium; removable Filter discs 100 included Weight EL45-3800 35 kg EL45-3805 41 kg Ordering Information EL45-3800/01 RotaTest 1500 g Capacity. Meets EN/ASTM For 220 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1ph EL45-3805/01 RotaTest 3000 g Capacity. For 220 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1ph Accessories EL45-3803 Filter Papers for EL45-3800. Pack of 100 EL45-3807 Filter Papers for EL45-3805. Pack of 100 Spare EL45-3800/10 Replacement Bowl, 1500 g EL45-3800/01 1500 g Capacity Asphalt Centrifuge Extractor EL45-3855/01 Reflux Extractor Reflux Extractor (4000 gramme) ASTM D2172; AASHTO T164 ■ 4000 gramme capacity ■ Glass jar for visual observations ■ Thermostatically controlled hot plate The 4000 gramme capacity of the Reflux Extractor provides higher accuracy for acceptance testing procedures.This extractor has two cone type screens holding 2000 grammes each.The unit consists of two cone screens, water condenser, pyrex reflux jar, a thermostatically controlled hot plate and a supply of filter paper. Specification Capacity Baskets Condenser Jar Hot plate Filter paper Weight 4000 g Stainless steel wire, mounted; 2,000 g capacity 2 included Copper Pyrex glass, 222 mm diameter x 457 mm height Thermostatically controlled Coarse-textured (Grade 617); 40 cm diameter 8.2 kg Ordering Information EL45-3855/01 Reflux Extractor (4000 gramme) For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1ph Accessories EL45-3857 Filter Paper. Pack of 50 131 45 Asphalt Design and testing of bituminious mixtures Mixing and Temperature The density of Marshall specimens has a direct effect on stability and flow therefore the correct moulding and compaction of laboratory specimens is essential if economical design mixes are to be produced. Efficient mixing, temperature and compaction control are closely related. Poor coating of the aggregate due to low temperatures during the mixing process will have a major effect on subsequent test results. Mixing BS 598-107, EN 12697-35 A 5 litre (nominal) Mixer used in conjunction with an Isomantle, is suitable for mixing samples of asphalt. Bench-mounting Mixer, 5 litre nominal capacity, Supplied with bowl, beater and whisk see EL23-6191 Ordering Information EL45-5580/01 Isomantle Electric Heater for use with EL23-6191 Bench Mounting Mixer. Weight 4.2 kg. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph. Manual Compaction BS 598-107, EN 12697-30. Ordering Information EL45-6310 Compaction Mould comprising mould body, baseplate and combined filling/ extraction collar. Weight 3.5 kg EL45-6410 Compaction Pedestal, BS 598 comprising a 300 mm sq x 25 mm thick steel plate complete with 4 tie rods and securing nuts. A mould clamp and hammer guide are fitted to the plate.The unit is supplied complete with a laminated hardwood block. Weight 40 kg EL45-6412 Compaction Pedestal comprising a 12 inch square x 1 inch thick steel plate secured to an 8 inch square x 18 inch high wooden block. 4 angle brackets are supplied for securing the block. A specimen mould holder is fitted to the steel plate. Weight 38 kg EL45-6460 Compaction Hammer, satisfies BS 598.The hammer has a 4535 g sliding weight with a free fall of 457 mm. Weight 7.85 kg EL45-6462 Paper Discs. Non-absorbent, 99 mm diameter, pack of 100. Weight 300 kg EL45-6463 Steel Block 100 mm diameter x 50 mm height. For heating the compaction hammer foot according to BS 598-107. Weight 3 kg Accessories EL45-6490/01 60 L Water Bath with LED display, cover and internal perforated shelf.Temperature range ambient to 95°C ±1°C. 220 – 240V 50 – 60Hz 1ph. Proctor/Core Cutter Extruder see EL23-4200 Spares EL45-6310/10 Compaction Mould Body accepts baseplate and filling/extraction collar of EL45-6310 EL45-6310/11 Baseplate for compaction mould EL45-6310/12 Filling/Extraction Collar for compaction mould. Manual compaction in operation EL23-6191 Bench-mounting Mixer, 5-litre nominal capacity, with EL45-5580/01 Isomantle Electric Heater EL45-6310 Compaction Moulds 132 Asphalt Design and testing of bituminious mixtures 45 Automatic Compaction The use of automatic compaction will result in consistent and repeatable laboratory specimens.Testing houses and design consultants who use the Marshall method of mix design will benefit from automatic compaction apparatus, which releases staff for other work during the compaction process. Special note: BS 598-107 recommends the use of an automatic compactor in cases of dispute. AutoComp 100-A BS 598-107, EN 12697-10, -30 ■ ■ ■ ■ Fully automatic, simple to operate Built-in safety features Uniform compaction Automatic blow counter This ruggedly constructed automatic compactor provides a consistent and even degree of compaction.The unit incorporates a compaction pedestal, comprising a laminated hardwood block secured to a concrete base by a 300 mm square x 25 mm thick steel plate.The mechanism lifts the 4535 g hammer and automatically releases it at the specified height of 457 mm. The conveniently positioned control fascia panel comprises of a mains light, start and stop buttons and a direct-reading counter used to set the required number of blows. During operation the AutoComp 100-A automatically counts down to zero. Dual rammer pick-ups have been incorporated reducing stress on the machine’s internal mechanism. Particular attention has been paid to operator safety by the inclusion of various in-built safety features. Specification Dimensions (l x w x h) Compaction foot diameter Sliding weight Height of drop Weight 535 x 535 x 1880 mm 98.52 mm 4535 g 457 mm 278 kg Ordering Information EL45-6600/01 AutoComp 100-A as specified. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph. Accessories Compaction Mould see EL45-6310 Paper Discs see EL45-6462 Steel Block see EL45-6463 Right: EL45-6600/01 AutoComp 100-A with Accessories 133 45 Asphalt Design and testing of bituminious mixtures Marshall Stability and Flow The accurate measurement of stability and flow of specimens tested in a load frame is important if consistent and representative results are to be achieved.The load frames and ancillary items listed have been designed to enable technicians to test specimens quickly and easily with confident recording of results. Marshall Test 50 BS 598-107, EN 12697-34 ■ ■ ■ ■ Geared screwjack and motor drive Precise speed Internal limit switch for both directions of travel Easy to use controls This bench-mounting mechanical load frame is ruggedly constructed to encompass the strain and loads involved with the test.The unit is compact in size and can be quickly installed on a bench top, requiring only a power point. It has been designed for simple operation and is easy to clean requiring minimum maintenance. Specification Dimensions (l x w x h) Rated power Platen speed Weight 550 x 400 x 870 mm 373 W 50.8 mm per minute 65 kg EL45-6810 series Marshall Test 50 with Accessories Close-up of Breaking Head (Marshall) with Accessories Ordering Information EL45-6810 series Marshall Test 50. Load frame, 50 kN capacity. Supplied without Breaking Head EL45-6810/01 for 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph EL45-6810/02 for 110 – 120 V AC, 60 Hz, 1 ph EL45-6880 Flow Meter BS/EN. Dial gauge graduated 0.01 mm with 25 mm travel. Supplied with stem brake unit and flow meter pedestal. Weight 610 g EL45-6890 Flow Meter. Dial gauge graduated 0.001 inches with 1 inch travel. Supplied with stem brake unit and flow meter pedestal. Weight 610 g EL45-6850 Breaking Head (Marshall) complete with gauge disc. Supplied without flow meter. Weight 9 kg 50 kN Load Measuring Ring Calibrated in compression 134 see EL78-0860 Asphalt Design and testing of bituminious mixtures 45 Electronic Instrumentation ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Peak load and the corresponding flow Windows download software supplied User-selectable SI, Metric and Imperial Units ECU features large character LCD display Output for X/Yt recorder included A limitation of using conventional dial gauges in the Marshall test is the difficulty of accurately synchronising the measurement of flow with that of peak load reading. To overcome this limitation the Marshall Test 50 load frame can easily be fitted with optional electronic load and flow measurement transducers connected to EL27-1200/09 (E)lectronic (C)ontrol (U)nit for simpler test operation and data recording. At the end of a test the ECU will automatically hold the maximum load and flow readings enabling test data to be downloaded to a PC using the Windows software supplied as standard with ECU. Analysis and reporting can then be easily created in MS Excel or equivalent software. The ECU can be programmed to automatically stop the load frame should transducer limits be exceeded protecting test accessories and load frame drive system. The above combination results in a powerful package to satisfy modern day laboratory Marshall testing requirements for accuracy and reliability. Ordering Information ECU Electronic Control and Readout Unit for use with ELE CBR, Multiplex and Marshall machines see EL27-1200/09 50 kN capacity S-type Load Cell see EL27-1559 EL45-6810 series Marshall Test 50 fitted with optional load and flow transducers and ECU EL45-6820/11 Flow Transducer, pre-calibrated, for use with EL45-6850 Breaking Head. X/Yt Chart Recorder Ordering Information EL45-7010/01 X/Yt Chart Recorder. This recorder enables the automatic plotting of load against flow (strain).The instrument offers high perfomance with various sensitivity ranges. Linearity and repeatability are both better than 0.1% f.s.d.The plotter records on A3 size paper and comes complete with time base that can be switched in for Yt operation. Weight 14.2 kg For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1 ph EL45-7010 series X/Yt Chart Recorder Multiplex 50 BS 598, 1377, 1924; EN 12697-34 ASTM D1883 Designed for performing laboratory CBR, Marshall stability and quick undrained triaxial tests on one load frame. MultiPlex 50 Load Frame see EL25-3700 135 45 Asphalt Specific gravity Specific Gravity Vacuum Pyknometer (6000 Gram) Rice Test Vibrator ASTM D2041 ASTM D2041 (Type F); AASHTO T209,T283 The Rice Test Vibrator is used with the EL45-9300 6000 g Vacuum Pyknometer. Adjustable clamps hold the pyknometer securely to the base during vibration. ■ Large capacity design minimises segregation effects ■ Lightweight polycarbonate construction ■ Transparent top for visual observations Specifications The Vacuum Pyknometer is a large capacity unit used in the Rice Test for determining the maximum specific gravity of bituminous paving mixtures. Dimensions Motor Weight 495 x 30 mm (height x base diameter) 1 /20 hp, 1.6 amp 5.5 kg Ordering Information The Pyknometer has a total volume of approximately 10 litres and will conveniently accept samples of 6000 grams to minimise segregation effects.The unit is constructed of lightweight polycarbonate, with the upper half being transparent for visual observation of the effects of the vacuum. EL45-9315/01 Rice Test Vibrator. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1ph Accessory Timer Clock see EL81-0518 The Vacuum Pyknometer Apparatus consistes of a 6000 g pyknometer, vacuum pump with control valves/gauges, water trap and connection tubing. Spare Specification Residual-pressure Manometer Dimensions Capacity Connections Weight 273 x 406 mm (outside diameter x height) Approx. 10 litres, 6000 g sample weight Water inlet valve; quick disconnect for vacuum gauge and hose 3.6 kg EL45-9315/10 (Closed End) ASTM D2041 The closed end Residual-pressure Manometer is an absolute pressure gauge which consists of a glass U-tube sealed at one end, containing a measured amount of mercury and mounted in a glass dome which is connected to the vacuum to be measured. Ordering Information Specification EL45-9305/01 Vacuum Pyknometer Apparatus supplied complete with 6000 g pyknometer, vacuum pump with control valves/gauges, water trap and connection tubing. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1ph Base Range Scale Spare EL45-9300 Vacuum Pyknometer, 6000 g EL45-9305/01 Vacuum Pyknometer Apparatus 136 Attachment for 6000 g Pyknometer Round, metal with dual nipple connections 0 to 150 mm high 75 to 0 to 75 mm in 1 mm divisions Note: Mercury not supplied by ELE Ordering Information EL45-9325 Residual-pressure Manometer closed end EL45-9315/01 EL45-9325 Asphalt Bitumen and tar Sampling and Preparation Bacon Sampler ASTM D140; AASHTO T40 The Bacon Sampler operates on the ‘thief ’ principle and can be used to obtain binder or oil samples from various depths within a storage tank.The cylindrical body is fitted with upper and lower covers and a tapered plunger acts as a valve to admit the sample. The top cover has a lock mechanism which keeps the plunger closed once the sample is taken. Guide holes for a drop cord (not supplied) are located at the top and mid-point of the sampler. Ordering Information EL46-0900 Bacon Sampler 237 ml capacity. Overall dimensions 250 x 50 mm (length x diameter). Weight 1 kg EL46-0900 Bacon Sampler 46 Flash and Fire Points There are a number of test methods using different equipment with closed or open cups.The Cleveland Flash Cup Apparatus is used to test cutback bitumen and may sometimes also be used to test penetration grade bitumen. The apparatus utilises the open cup test method. Note that results from different methods cannot be correlated. Cleveland Flash Cup Apparatus Cleveland Open Cup Method BS 2000-36, EN ISO 2592; ASTM D92; IP36 The Cleveland Flash Cup Apparatus is used to determine the flash and fire point of mineral oils and bitumen above 80°C. Bench mounting design, the unit consists of a case unit incorporating the controls, test flame mechanism, protection shield and test cup manufactured from brass. Mounted on the case assembly is the thermometer support rod and clamp to hold the thermometer, range –6 to +400°C, that is supplied as standard. Gas supply is conventional mains gas source. Ordering Information EL46-3310/01 Cleveland Flash Cup Apparatus. Weight 10 kg For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph EL46-3310/01 Cleveland Flash Cup Apparatus Hubbard-Carmick Specific Gravity Bottles ISO 3838; ASTM D70; AASHTO T228; BS 4699 Ordering Information EL46-2190 Hubbard-Carmick Specific Gravity Bottle conical type 25 ml. EL46-2191 Hubbard-Carmick Specific Gravity Bottle cylindrical type 24 ml Specific Gravity Bottles 137 46 Asphalt Bitumen and tar Asphalt and Bitumen Ovens The two ovens listed are specifically designed for the testing of bitumen. Rolling Thin Film Oven BS 2000-460.1, EN 12607-1; ASTM D2872; IP460-1 The Rolling Thin Film Oven Test is used to obtain a homogeneously aged material by the application of heat and air in order to simulate these effects in conventional mixing. Loss on Heating/Thin Film Oven BS 2000-45, 460-2, EN 12607-2; ASTM D6, D1754; AASHTO T47,T179, IP45, This dual purpose oven is designed to determine the loss in weight of bitumen and flux oils (loss on heating test) and the effect of heat and air on asphaltic materials (thin film test). The unit is heavily insulated and has a double glass door for viewing the test chamber thermometer and samples. Temperature is controlled at 163ºC ±1ºC by means of a variable temperature controller and thermostat.The oven is supplied less rotating shelves that need to be ordered seperately, see accessories.The platforms are rotated at 5 to 6 rpm by an external motor. Chamber dimensions 330 x 330 x 330 mm (length x width x height). Weight 40 kg Ordering Information EL46-4104/01 Loss on Heating/Thin Film Oven For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph The oven is of double wall construction with top and bottom vents and of the heated convection type of air circulation. An electronic controller maintains the temperature at 163 ± 0.5ºC. A vertical, carriage is supplied to support 8 glass sample containers which are rotated at 15± 0.2 rpm.Two models are available to meet the requirements of the EN and ASTM standards. Each oven is supplied with 8 glass sample containers and a thermometer (IP 47C/ASTM 13C). Weight 55 kg A separate source of compressed air is required to operate this oven. Ordering Information EL46-4154/01 Rolling Thin Film Oven, ASTM For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph EL46-4156/01 Rolling Thin Film Oven, EN For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph Accessory Compressor Accessories EL46-4104/10 EL46-4104/12 Rotating Shelf for loss on heating test complete with 9 containers, 55 mm dia x 35 mm high. Rotating Shelf for thin film test complete with 2 containers, 140 mm dia x 9.5 mm high. Spares EL46-4154/10 Glass Sample Container Thermometer EL46-4104/01 Loss on Heating/Thin Film Oven Rolling Thin Film Oven 138 see EL38-0320/01 see EL82-5259 Asphalt Bitumen and tar 46 Automatic Ring and Ball Apparatus Softening Point BS 2000-58, EN 1427, ASTM D36, AASHTO T53 The test is performed in duplicate under closely controlled conditions. Water is used as the bath medium for binders with softening points below 80ºC. Above this temperature glycerol is used in place of water. In the ASTM test the bath is not stirred and results are usually about 1.5ºC higher than BS or IP methods. ■ Microprocessor control ■ Automatic logging of bitumen softening point ■ LCD display The softening point is a fundamental property of binders other than cutbacks and emulsions. Both BS and ASTM use similar apparatus and procedures and the test is often referred to as the Ring and Ball test. Ring and Ball Apparatus BS 2000-58, EN 1427, ASTM D36 Ordering Information EL46-4605 BS/EN Ring and Ball Apparatus with 2 shouldered pattern rings, 2 ball-centring guides and 2 balls.The apparatus has a support frame and is retained in a heat resistant container. Weight 560 g Accessory EL46-4662 ASTM Ball Centring Guide Spares Description BS/EN, ASTM Glass Container Shouldered Ring Ball, stainless steel, 9.5 mm diameter (pack of 10) EL46-4605/10 EL46-4620 EL46-4640 EL46-4821/01 Magnetic Stirrer with Ring and Ball Apparatus and Accessories EL46-4850/01 Automatic Ring and Ball Apparatus The Automatic Ring and Ball Apparatus features microprocessor control with automatic logging of the bitumen softening point. Temperature is measured via a precision PT100 sensor and the softening point value taken automatically by two photoelectric cells. The device comes complete with the ring and ball frame, magnetic stirrer, two test rings, two 9.5 mm diameter test balls, one knife, and one 600 mm diameter glass beaker. Ordering Information EL46-4850/01 Automatic Ring and Ball Apparatus For 230 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph EL46-4821/01 Magnetic Stirrer. Utilises a rotating magnetic field to induce variable speed stirring action. A built-in regulating transformer provides fine temperature control of liquid up to a maximum temperature of 140°C. Supplied complete with immersion heater, bosshead and clamp, the unit is suitable for use with the Ring and Ball Apparatus. Weight 2 kg. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1 ph. Accessories Thermometer (IP 60C) see EL82-5261 Thermometer (IP 61C) see EL82-5263 Thermometer (IP 89C) see EL82-5265 139 46 Asphalt Bitumen and tar Automatic Penetrometer ■ Fully automatic ■ Microprocessor control ■ Optoelectronic penetration detection The unit is compact with an anodised aluminium baseplate, levelling screws, spirit level, centring guide and optoelectronic detection of depth penetration. Penetration depth is displayed in increments of 0.01 mm. Ordering Information EL46-5380/01 Automatic Penetrometer supplied without penetration needles. Dimensions (l x w x h) 260 x 320 x 540 mm. Weight 23 kg. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1 ph. Accessories EL46-5380/01 Automatic Penetrometer with Accessories Penetration Test BS 2000-49 EN 1426, 13179-2, ; ASTM D5; AASHTO T49; IP 49 Ordering Information EL46-5290 Standard Penetrometer. Penetration readings are quickly taken using this simple to operate apparatus.The 150 mm diameter dial is graduated in 400 divisions of 0.1 mm.The indicating pointer is fitted with a friction/geared knob which can be rotated freely to any position on the dial. Resetting the needle can be carried out quickly and positively ready for the next measurement Supplied without needles and penetration tins. Weight 6 kg EL46-5295/01 Semi-automatic Penetrometer. As EL46-5290 but incorporates Digital Automatic Controller which releases the needle assembly.The time set is displayed by a bright easy to read display. Weight 8.6 kg. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz,1 ph Accessories EL46-5340/C Penetration Needle, hardened steel supplied with an NPL (National Physical Laboratory, UK) verification certificate. For testing to BS 2000-49 and ASTM D5. (Pack contains 1 needle only). Weight 2.5 g EL46-5360/10 Penetration Needle (unverified), hardened steel EL46-5500/01 Constant Temperature Bath. A bench mounting bath specially designed for the conditioning of bitumen samples prior to penetration or ductility tests. Incorporating a highly accurate thermostat, the bath maintains a temperature between 21 and 56ºC ±0.1ºC. An integral cooling coil, cover and deep tray for penetration testing are supplied as standard. Weight 18.2 kg. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph. 140 EL46-5380/11 Penetration Needle, 2.5 ± 0.05 g EL46-5380/12 50 g Weight EL46-5800 Transfer Dish EL46-5860 Penetration Tin for penetrations between 200 and 350, approximately 70 mm diameter x 45 mm deep. Weight 30 g EL46-5861 Penetration Tin for penetrations below 200, approximately 55 mm diameter x 35 mm deep. Weight 25 g. EL46-5295 series Semi-automatic Penetrometer with Accessories 47 Asphalt Temperature, density Temperature Density Delivery and compaction temperatures are probably the most common measurements taken during the placing of bituminous mixtures. Percentage Refusal Density (PRD) Digital Asphalt Thermometer Percentage Refusal Density (PRD) is defined as the ratio of the initial dried bulk density of the sample to the final density (refusal density) expressed as a percentage. Supplied without probes the LCD display has large 12.5 mm characters and is powered by a standard PP3 battery or equivalent. Specification Range Resolution Weight –50 to 1000ºC Switchable 0.1 or 1.0°C 300 g Ordering Information BS 598-104, EN 12697-32, 13280-4 The sample bulk density is determined by weighing in air and water. It is then heated in a split mould and compacted to refusal using a vibrating hammer.The final density is obtained by weighing in air and water. Ordering Information EL47-0450 PRD Split Mould and Baseplate Weight 10.7 kg Accessories EL47-0202 Digital Asphalt Thermometer EL47-0455/01 Vibrating Hammer suitable for compacting asphalt samples. Weight 12.5 kg 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1 ph EL47-0460 Small Tamping Foot 102 mm diameter EL47-0470 Large Tamping Foot 146 mm diameter EL47-0480 300 mm Shank for tamping foot. Accessories EL47-0202/10 EL47-0202/11 EL47-0202/14 250 Asphalt Probe 535 Asphalt Probe Surface Probe Max reading 250ºC Length of probe 300 mm Tip diameter 6 mm (needle point) 250ºC 500 mm 6 mm Heavy-duty Oven 500ºC 100 mm 4 mm see EL78-0120/01 Buoyancy Balance 15 kg x 0.5 g see EL34-8100/01 Cradle see EL34-8105 EL47-0450 PRD Split Mould and Baseplate with Accessories Probes are supplied with handle, 1 metre lead and K-type thermocouple plug as standard. EL47-0202 Digital Aspalt Thermometer with Probe 142 Asphalt Core drilling 47 Compact Core Drill Machine Core Drilling Universal Core Drilling Machine EN 12504-1 This universal core drilling equipment is designed to cut cores up to 150 mm diameter from concrete, asphalt and similar hard construction materials. The equipment comprises a base unit, support column, feed unit with bullseye spirit level and a motor with water swivel attachment. The base has adjustable feet and all units have the facility for rapid return of the drill assembly at completion of drilling.The feed mechanism of all models can be rotated enabling variable drilling angles. This compact and portable core drilling machine is designed to cut cores up to 150 mm diameter from concrete, asphalt and similar hard construction material.The machine comprises a vertical support column which carries the drill head/motor assembly. An integral water swivel is built into the drill head providing a 12 mm connection to an external water supply via 12 mm flexible hose (not supplied).The motor assembly comprises a 4 hp, 2-stroke petrol engine. Speeds of 800 rpm or 1200 rpm may be selected. A ball screw mechanism enables close control over drilling pressure and rapid return when drilling is completed. The complete assembly is supplied on a rigid metal base frame with levelling facility and is suitable for vertically down drilling applications only. Specification EL47-5010/01 Electric Model Convenient for use in buildings 1.5 kW power 2 speed, 450 and 900 rpm Weight 75 kg EL47-5160 Petrol Model Ideal for remote sites 3 hp 2 stroke engine 180 to 400 rpm Weight 75 kg Ordering Information EL47-5175 Compact Core Drill with Petrol Motor Unit. Ordering Information EL47-5010/01 Universal Core Drill with Electric Motor Unit. For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 – 60 Hz, 1 ph. EL47-5160 Universal Core Drill with Petrol Motor Unit Special note: All versions require a continuous clean water supply via a 12 mm flexible hose (not supplied). EL47-5160 Universal Core Drill with Core Barrel EL47-5175 Compact Core Drill with Core Barrel Core Barrels Suitable for use with the Universal and Compact Core Drilling Machines, this range of core barrels comprise a thin-wall tube 450 mm long with a series of cutting segments formed from diamond abrasive set in a specially formulated hard matrix.The cutting face has been carefully designed to remove material rapidly and obtain the highest possible drilling rates. The solid back end includes a threaded fitting to connect to the waterswivel assembly of the core drill. Size (diameter) Core barrel 50 mm 75 mm 100 mm 150 mm EL47-5515 EL47-5525 EL47-5565 EL47-5605 143 47 Asphalt Pavement Surface Regularity Travelling Beam Device The 3 metre long Travelling Beam Device is used to check for any irregularities in both concrete and bituminous road surfaces. A sensing unit comprising a wheel connected to an indicator provides a magnification of 4:1. Deviation of the surface from a straight-line is shown on a scale calibrated in increments of 2 mm up to 10 mm and 5 mm up to 25 mm. A dye-marker is fitted which may be used to identify suspect areas. Outrigger wheels provide mobility on site. The device is supplied as three sub-assemblies which are quickly assembled on site. The Travelling Beam is supplied fitted with an autographic recorder providing a permanent record of the surface profile. Records up to 1 kilometre can be recorded on the special chart paper rolls used. Ordering Information EL47-3025 Travelling Beam Device with Autographic Recorder, 3 metres long. Supplied without recorder charts (order separately). Weight 66 kg Charts for Autographic Recorder. Pack of 10 rolls complete with 10 fibretipped pens.The charts are calibrated in units of 2 mm up to 10 mm and units of 5 mm up to 25 mm and will record up to a continuous distance of 1 kilometre. Weight 2.3 kg Spares EL47-3131 Benkelman Beam AASHTO T256 ■ ■ ■ ■ Lightweight construction Compact, telescopic design Direct reading of deflection Anti-vibration system Designed for maximum operator efficiency, the Benkelman Beam is manufactured from a lightweight, durable material which telescopes into a small, compact unit for ease of storage and transport. Direct reading dial gauges (order separately) are available in SI and imperial units of measurement. Specification Dimensions Main body (length) Arm (telescopic) extended Operating length, fully extended Beam fulcrum ratio Weight Accessories EL47-3130 Pavement Flexure Fibre-tipped Pen for use with EL47-3025 Ordering Information EL47-1460 Benkelman Beam Accessories EL47-1460/10 Horizontal Dial Gauge 0.4 inch range x 0.002 inch divisions. EL47-1460/12 Vertical Dial Gauge 1 inch range x 0.002 inch divisions. EL47-1460/14 Vertical Dial Gauge 25 mm range x 0.02 mm divisions. EL47-1460 Benkelman Beam with Accessories EL47-3025 Travelling Beam Device with Autographic Recorder Unit 144 1397 mm 2400 mm 3700 mm 2:1 15.9 kg Asphalt Texture 47 Surface Dressing Texture A good surface texture is necessary at high vehicle speeds to facilitate rapid drainage of water from the road surface and to utilise the tyre tread rubber to absorb some of the kinetic energy of the vehicle. Macrotexture Depth Apparatus EN 13036-1; ASTM E965 The main purpose of a surface dressing is to prevent weathering, disintegration of the pavement and to increase the resistance to skidding in wet weather.The rate of spread and application of the chippings and binder is specified for most applications.Test methods have been developed to determine the actual rate of spread and are described in British Standards. Rate of Spread of Coated Chippings BS 598-108, EN 12272-1 Meeting the requirements of BS EN 13036-1:2002 and ASTM E965 for measuring the surface macrotexture depth of concrete and bituminous pavement surfaces using a volumetric patch technique.The ELE Macrotexture Depth apparatus enables a measured volume of solid glass spheres to be spread in a circular area onto the pavement surface.The texture depth is calculated from the diameter of the area covered relative to the volume of material used. Ordering Information EL47-3802 Macrotexture Depth Apparatus supplied as a complete kit in carrying case. Weight 5.5kg The equipment comprises a tray 300 mm square which, when used in conjunction with a specially calibrated spring balance, will determine the rate of spread of coated chippings in terms of kg/m2.The spring loaded balance will accept rates of spread between 4 and 16 kg/m2. Between 5 and 10 trays are positioned in the path of the spreading machine and after the machine has passed over, each tray is lifted, together with the retained chippings by means of four chains.The chains are hooked to the spring balance and the rate of spread is read directly from the balance scale. Ordering Information Set includes: 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 Carrying Case Wire Brush Hard Spreader Disc Containers filled with Glass Spheres 30 cm Rule Windshield Soft Brush 25ml Measuring Cylinder EL47-0011 Calibrated Spring Balance. Weight 800 g EL47-0012 Tray and Chains comprising one 300 mm square tray and four chains. Note: the material containers are supplied filled with solid glass spheres, having a minimum of 90% by weight passing a 0.25mm sieve and retained on a 0.18mm sieve Spare EL47-3802/12 Solid Glass Spheres for Macrotexture Depth Apparatus. Weight 25kg EL47-3802 Macrotexture Depth Apparatus Resistance to Friction The resistance to friction of surfaces such as roads, airfield pavements, pedestrian walkways and floors is a requirement of many standard specifications. One device developed by the Transport Research Laboratory of Great Britain is often used to determine this important characteristic.The apparatus is fully described in Section 42, Aggregates. Friction Tester EL47-0011 Calibrated Spring Balance with EL47-0012 Tray and Chains see EL42-6000 145