Transcript
CompTIA A+ Certification: A Comprehensive Approach Course 01 - Hardware Fundamentals
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Course 01: Hardware Fundamentals
Computer System Components Storage Devices Device Connections and Interfaces
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Topic A: Computer System Components • • • • •
Common Computer Components The Motherboard The CPU Memory The System Bus
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Common Computer Components
System Unit
Display Device
External Device External Device
Input Devices Copyright © 2012 Logical Operations, Inc. All rights reserved.
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The Motherboard
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The CPU
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Memory
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The System Bus
System Bus
Hard Drive Controller
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Video Controller
Memory
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Topic B: Storage Devices • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Storage Devices Power Supplies Cooling Systems Expansion Cards Riser Cards Firmware The System BIOS The POST Floppy Drives Hard Drives Types of Hard Drives Optical Disks Optical Drives Tape Drives
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• Solid State Storage • Types of Solid State Storage
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Storage Devices
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Power Supplies
Fan
Voltage Switch
Power Cord
Socket for Power Cord
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Cooling Systems
Fan
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Expansion Cards
Cooling Fan Cooling Fan
Ports
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Connector
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Riser Cards
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Firmware
Internet
Contains code to fix errors or support new hardware
}/* Startup sequence */ if ((usd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,IPPROTO_UDP))==-1) {perror ("socket");exit(1);}
setup_receive(usd, INADDR_ANY, udp_local_port); setup_transmit(usd, hostname, NTP_PORT); primary_loop(usd, probe_count, cycle_time); close(usd); return 0; }
Firmware_update.exe
Firmware Manufacturer
Programmable ROM Chip
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The System BIOS
ROM BIOS Chip
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The POST
Power supply CPU BIOS BIOS memory Memory I/O bus or I/O controller
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Floppy Drives
Front view of 3.5-inch floppy disk drive
Data Cable
Power Cable
3.5-inch floppy disk Rear view of floppy disk drive
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Hard Drives
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Types of Hard Drives
PATA SCSI SATA
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Optical Disks
CD-ROM CD-R CD-RW DVD-ROM DVD-R DVD+R DVD+R DL DVD-RW Dual Layer DVD-RW DVD+RW DVD-RAM BD-ROM BD-R BD-RE A CD-R disc
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Optical Drives
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Tape Drives
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Solid State Storage
36 mm
Compact Flash card fits in here
43 mm
USB adapter connects the CompactFlash reader to the computer
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Types of Solid State Storage
USB flash drives SSDs CF cards SM cards xD-Picture Cards MSes SD cards MMCs
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Topic C: Device Connections and Interfaces • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Ports Computer Connections Serial Connections Parallel Connections USB Connections IEEE 1394 and FireWire Connections SCSI Connections PATA Connections SATA Connections Display Cable and Connector Types Audio/Video Connections Comparing Analog and Digital Video Wireless Device Connections
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Ports
Parallel Port
Network Connection Port
Multimedia Ports
Mouse and Keyboard Ports
Display Port
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USB Ports
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Computer Connections
USB Connector
Cable
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Serial Connections
25-pin serial port on a serial device
25-pin end of serial cable connects to modem and 9-pin end connects to computer’s serial port
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Parallel Connections
Parallel Connector
Parallel Cable
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USB Connections
Type B connector connects to USB device
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Type A connector connects to USB port on the computer or on a hub
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IEEE 1394 and FireWire Connections
FireWire Device
FireWire Port
FireWire 6-Pin Connector
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SCSI Connections
SCSI Connector
SCSI Cable
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PATA Connections
PATA Data Cable
PATA Power Cable
PATA Port
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SATA Connections
SATA Power Cable
SATA Data Cable
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Display Cable and Connector Types
VGA DVI HDMI Mini-HDMI S-Video Component/RGB Composite video Coaxial DisplayPort RCA BNC
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Audio/Video Connections
Single-core/shielded cable One pair/shielded cable TS and TRS connectors 3-pin XLR connectors
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Comparing Analog and Digital Video
Analog Transmissions
Digital Transmissions
One at a positive voltage
Zero at the ground or zero voltage state Carries information as continuous waves of electromagnetic or optical energy
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Wireless Device Connections
Bluetooth IR RF
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Reflective Questions 1. How many of the personal computer components described are familiar to you? 2. Which of the device connections discussed were familiar to you? Which were new?
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Course 01 Review: Hardware Fundamentals
Computer System Components Storage Devices Device Connections and Interfaces
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Review Questions: 1. Which computer components are part of the system unit? A. Chassis B. Internal hard drive C. Memory D. All the above 2. What are the main categories of personal computer components? A. System unit B. Display C. Input devices D. All of the above 3. Where is the system BIOS stored? A. On the primary hard drive B. In BIOS memory C. On ROM chips D. In RAM 4. Which hardware components are checked during the POST? A. Power supply B. CPU C. RAM D. All the above 5. Which system unit components are connected by the system bus? A. USB B. CPU C. Power supply D. System board 6. Which storage device records data magnetically and is most often used for backups? A. FDD B. HDD C. Optical disk drive D. Tape drive
7. Which two optical drive media types enable you to write to an optical disk only once? A. CD-ROM B. CD-R C. CD+RW D. DVD+R E. A & B F. C & D G. A & C H. B & D 8. True or False: No optical disk can hold more than 50 GB of data. A. True B. False 9. Which connection type supports up to 127 peripherals for a single connection? A. IEEE 1394 B. SATA C. Parallel D. USB 10. Which type of connection features small, thin data and power cables? A. SCSI B. PATA C. SATA D. Parallel
Answer Key: 1. D The Chassis, internal hard drive, and memory are all part of the system unit. 2. D All of the above are main categories of personal computer components. 3. C The system BIOS is stored on ROM chips. 4. D The power supply, CPU, and RAM are all checked during the POST. 5. B The CPU is connected by the system bus. 6. D The tape drive records data magnetically. It is usually used for backups. 7. H The CD-R and DVD+R both enable the ability to write to an optical disk, but only once. 8. B False. There are optical disks which have maximums bigger than 50 GB. 9. D USB supports up to 127 peripherals for a single connection. 10. C SATA connections feature small, thin data and power cables.
