Transcript
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Approved by CSIR-NISCAIR ISSN NO: 2277-7318
Proceedings of National Conference on Current Trends in Engineering, Science, Technology and Management (NACCTESTM-2017) 21 March, 2017
DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER TUBES USING COMPOSITE MATERIAL Chavan Omkar1 Rana Vineet2 Madhavi Nikhil3 Shirke Sagar4 Prof. Patil Mahesh5 1,2,3,4 ( B.E. Department of mechanical engineering , MGM CET , Kamothe , Navi Mumbai ) Student 5Assistant Professor 1,2,3,4,5 MGMCET, Navi Mumbai, 410209, India
Abstract : A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between a solid object and a fluid, or between two or more fluids. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact.[1] They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
INTRODUCTION: Heat exchanger is a device used to transfer the heat from one medium to another medium. At present scenario engineers are using metals to fabricate the heat exchangers, to with stand the high temperature stresses. But these metals results in high weight of the device and corrosion also. In some applications, its results in Thermal fatigue of the tubes, used in the Heat exchanger. So there is a need to go for composite material technology in high temperature applications. These materials can be manufactured
as per requirement of client. In this project work, the aim is to Design a tube of Heat exchanger using composite material with high thermal resistance capability which in terns results in Low weight and increase in life. LITERATURE REVIEW : Vindhya Vasiny Prasad Dubey, Raj Rajat Verma, Piyush Shanker Verma, A.K.Srivastava [1]: The aim of this project is to study the effect of different operating conditions on the performance of heat exchanger. In this, shell and tube type exchangers are considered and modelled using kern’s methods to cool water from 55c to 45c. FEM was used to check its nature under different ambient conditions. Practical model was also prepared and tested for various operating conditions. It was found that effectiveness of the heat exchangers can be increased by the use of wool and tape as an insulating material. Sreejith K, Basil Varghese, Deepak Das, Delvin Devassy, Harikrishnan K, Sharath G. [2] : The objective of this project is to design a low cost heat exchanger. In this, a plate type heat exchanger was designed for the mass flow rate of 231000 kg/hr.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Approved by CSIR-NISCAIR ISSN NO: 2277-7318
Proceedings of National Conference on Current Trends in Engineering, Science, Technology and Management (NACCTESTM-2017) 21 March, 2017 Overall heat transfer coefficient, rate of heat transfer and the number of plates required were also calculated and cost optimization was also carried out. Rajendra P. Patil , Dr. Atul Patil , Prof. Vijay H.Patil , Prof.T. A. Koli [3]: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the thermal behavior of composite materials. Heat flux and heat flow rate of composite materials are calculated using ANSYS software and then compared with experimental results for optimization.Thermal conductivities of Fiber Glass, Mild Steel, wood are calculated. From the results it is found that MSHylum-Wood sandwich has minimum heat flux and temperature distribution than MS-Fiber Glass-Brick composite. It is concluded that MS-Hylum-Wood composite has better heat resistance. Isa Ahmadi and M.M. Aghdam [4]:The objective of this paper is to enhance heat transfer using composite materials. The focus of this study is concentrated on the development of a new truly meshless method for the solution of the heat conduction problems especially in the heterogeneous medium. The temperature distribution and heat flux distribution in micro level and overall thermal conductivity of fibrous, material is obtained in the numerical results. The micromechanical model is used to investigate the steady state temperature and heat flux distribution and the effective transverses thermal conductivity of uni-directional fiber-matrix composites. Derek J. Quade, Michael A. Meador, Euy-Sik E. Shin, James C. Johnston, Maria A. Kuczmarski [5]:The purpose of this paper is to design and fabricate a heat exchanger using composite material for aerospace application. The HX is designed using different grades of Graphite material and KFOAM. The weight reduction plays a very crucial rule this project. The system was designed as a recuperating, indirect tube/fin geometry utilizing a single phase heat transfer process in a counter-flow
direction. Aluminum tubes were used for cold and hot fluid flow. Testing showed a significant difference in the temperature of the inlet and outlet air. The lower density and higher porosity carbon foam performed better than the higher density and higher bulk thermal conductivity (TC) foam. Y. Pratapa Reddy , B. Jithendra Kumar , D. Srinivasulu , Dr.Ch. Srinivasa Rao [6]:The objective of this paper is to design a composite material, which will be used to make Pin Fin HX. In the present work, Experiments have been conducted to find the temperature distribution within the pin fin made of composite metals and steady state heat transfer analysis has been carried using a finite element software ANSYS to test and validate results. Composite bar made of Aluminium + Brass and Copper + Aluminium were selected. In simulation analysis, a solid Aluminium and copper cylindrical pin fins shows much heat transfer at the end (tip) of the of pin fin than result obtained from experimental values. In simulation analysis, the Composite pin fins shows less rate of heat transfer at the end (tip) of the pin fin than solid cylindrical pin fins.
OBJECTIVES :
To study the Working Principle of heat exchanger To find the existing materials of Tubes. Design a Heat Exchanger tubes by using Composite materials. To Achieve light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance heat Exchanger.
PROBLEM DEFINITION: Since the existing design of heat exchangers tubes are made of commonly used materials such as stainless steel, Copper, tungsten etc. which are less resistance to
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Approved by CSIR-NISCAIR ISSN NO: 2277-7318
Proceedings of National Conference on Current Trends in Engineering, Science, Technology and Management (NACCTESTM-2017) 21 March, 2017 corrosion and low life and high weight. These metals also requires regular maintenance. In order to reduce the weight and to increase Heat Exchanger performance, there is a need to redesign the tubes using composite materials which results in light weigh, high strength material, more corrosion resistance and in crease in life of the heat exchanger. METHODOLOGY :
To find the size and application requirement of the heat exchanger tube
To study the existing material behavior and its properties
To Select the high thermal conductivity composite material for heat exchanger tubes.
Generally used materials for manufacturing of tubes are carbon steel, stainless, copper etc.
3D Modelling of the tube using solid works 2015
These material have high density.
FEA analysis of the tube to calculate the amount of heat transfer from the tube to the surrounding.
Results in Corrosion of the product and regular maintenance.
Theoretical calculation
Fabrication of Heat exchanger tubes
TUBES MATERIAL PERFORMANCE :
IMPACT
ON
TUBES OF HEAT EXCHANGER:
In Any Heat exchanger, the main part which transfers heat is the Tube.
It may carry hot fluid or cold Fluid Depending upon the application.
Number of tubes in any heat exchanger is depends up on the temperature of out put fluid.
COMMONLY USED MATERIALS OF TUBES AND THEIR PROPERTIES:
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Approved by CSIR-NISCAIR ISSN NO: 2277-7318
Proceedings of National Conference on Current Trends in Engineering, Science, Technology and Management (NACCTESTM-2017) 21 March, 2017 [2].
NEW MATERIAL FOR TUBES :
Some of the advance materials have features similar to metals but with more Specific strength. These material are called as Composite materials These materials have advantages of light weigh, high strength, corrosion resistant. These materials can be manufactured as per the needs. If tubes are made of composite materials, this will results in more lighter and low maintenance heat exchangers.
REFERENCES : [1].
Vindhya Vasiny Prasad Dubey , Raj Rajat Verma , Piyush Shanker Verma , A.K.Srivastava, “Performance Analysis of Shell & Tube Type Heat Exchanger under the Effect of Varied Operating Conditions”, ”IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)”, Volume 11, Issue 3 Ver. VI (May- Jun. 2014), ISSN: 2278-1684,pISSN: 2320-334X.
Yield Strength
8950
Young’s Modulus , MPa 96
Alum inium
2710
70
50
Titani um Carbo n steel
4540
118
480
7900
210
750
Stainl ess steel
7930
200
210
Sr. No.
Tube
Density kg/m3
1.
Coop er
2.
3. 4.
5.
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Devassy, Harikrishnan K.,Sharath G. K.,”Design and Cost Optimization of Plate Heat Exchanger”,“Research Inventy: International Journal Of Engineering And Science”, Vol.4, Issue 10 (October2014), PP 43-48,Issn (e): 2278-4721,Issn (p):2319-6483.
CONCLUSION : The existing design of heat exchangers tubes are made of commonly used materials such as stainless steel, Copper, tungsten etc. which are less resistance to corrosion and have low life and high weight. These metals also requires regular maintenance. From the above literature studies we have concluded that Composite materials can be very good alternative materials for design of heat exchanger tubes . The tubes of heat exchanger made using composite materials are lighter in weight and also have low maintainence cost.
Sreejith K., Basil Varghese, Deepak Das, Delvin
[3].
Rajendra P. Patil, Dr. Atul Patil, Prof. Vijay H.Patil, Prof. T. A. Koli, “Analysis of Steady State Heat Conduction in Different Composite Wall”, “International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology”, Vol. 4, Issue 7, July 2015, ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753, ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710
[4].
Isa Ahmadi and M.M. Aghdam,” Heat transfer in composite materials using a new truly local meshless method”,” International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow”,Vol. 21 No. 3, 2011 p. 293-309.
[5].
Derek J. Quade, Michael A. Meador, Euy-Sik E. Shin, James C. Johnston, Maria A. Kuczmarski,” THE DESIGN, FABRICATION, AND TESTING OF COMPOSITE HEAT EXCHANGER COUPONS”,”NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. 44135 ,Ohio Aerospace Institute, Cleveland, Ohio. 44142”
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Approved by CSIR-NISCAIR ISSN NO: 2277-7318
Proceedings of National Conference on Current Trends in Engineering, Science, Technology and Management (NACCTESTM-2017) 21 March, 2017 [6].
Y. Pratapa Reddy , B. Jithendra Kumar , D. Srinivasulu , Dr. Ch. Srinivasa Rao ,” Temperature Distribution Analysis of Composite Pin Fin By Experimental and Finite Element Method”,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,Engineering and Technology”, Vol. 4, Issue 10, October 2015, ISSN(Online) :2319-8753 ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710.
[7].
“Composite Material Handbook”, Vol. 2 Polymer Matrix Composites Material Properties, Department of Defence handbook, 17 June 2002.
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