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Ensc 454/654 (“snow And Ice”) Final Check Points: Final Exam

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UNBC ENSC 454/654: Snow and Ice Stephen J. D´ery Winter 2017 ENSC 454/654 (“Snow and Ice”) Final check points: Here are some words and concepts we have covered in the second half of the course. Please review the midterm check points for a list of topics covered within the first half of the course. freeze/thaw degradation Greenland katabatic winds mass balance glacier types secondary ice drift ice FYI ice-albedo freeze-back geothermal gradient Antarctica subglacial lakes internal deformation glacier distribution leads ice draft MYI lake ice frost heaving sea ice ice sheet calving ELA permafrost polynya ice freeboard ice deformation river ice thermokarst freezing point basal melt sea-level rise firn active layer landfast ice MIZ keel ice jam Final exam format and example questions: This closed book exam will be held on Wednesday, 19 April 2017 in room 5-121 is out of 40 marks and will last three hours. Bring a calculator, pencil, and ruler. You will answer on the exam sheets and exam booklets. Formulas and constants needed for any calculations will be provided, although you will need to recognize which to apply and how. There will be five multi-part questions: 1. Sixteen definitions with matching content (e.g. words from the above list). [8 marks] 2. Sixteen multiple choice questions. [8 marks] 3. Several short answer questions that may include a figure (e.g. explain the transfer of heat in snow or snow metamorphosis processes) [8 marks] 4. Choose one calculation question (which could be multi-part) from at least two (e.g. calculate heat transfer between snow layers). Formulas and constants needed for any calculations will be provided, although you will need to recognize which to apply and how. NOTE: Undergraduate students will be able to select one of the available calculation questions, whereas graduate students will need to answer all questions in full. [8 marks] 1 UNBC ENSC 454/654: Snow and Ice Stephen J. D´ery Winter 2017 5. An essay question to be chosen from a selection of 3 topics (e.g. discuss the impacts of climate change on the cryosphere). [8 marks] 2