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0) 0) F m 0 / 7 I I INDEX Features and Parts Needle and Thread Chart Setting the Needle inding the Bobbin areading the Bobbin Case Placing Bobbin Case in Shuttle Upper Threading Straight Stitching Setting the Stitch Length Stitch Length Chart ewing in Reverse Adjusting the Tensions Adjusting Pressure and Feed General Sewing Light Weight Fabrics Darning and Monogramming Preparing to Sew Removing the Work Creative Embroidery Page 2-3-4 5 6 6-7 7 8 9 10 11 11 11 11-12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 Samples of Embroidery Embroidering with a Hoop Sewing on Buttons Making Buttonholes How to Use Accessories Narrow Hemmer Lace Trimmed Hem Lace Edge French Seam Flat Felled Seam Hand Rolled Effect Quilting Guide Seam Gauge Care and Maintenance Replacing Light Bulb How to Change Belt Cleaning and Oiling Shuttle Accessories Trouble Chart Page 15 16 17 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 21 21-22 21 22-23 23 24 25-26-27 rj i 4• — 3 FEATURES AND PARTS (Front View) 1. Hand Wheel 13. Thread Guides 2. Bobbin Winder 14. Tension Regulator 3. Stitch Length Dial 15. Sew Lite Switch 4. Push Button Reverse 16. Take-up Lever 5. Bobbin Winding Tension 17. Pressure Release-Darner 6. Drop Feed Knob 18. Arm Thread Guides 7. Needle Plate-Seam Guide 19. Stop Adjustment Screws 8. Cover Plate 20. Stitch Width Lever 9. Presser Foot 21. Spool Pins 10. Attachment and Foot Thumb Screw 22. Built in Cams Dial 11. Needle Clamp and Screw 23. Manual Lever 12. Needle Bar Thread Guide 24. Three Needle Position Lever J :, ___ ___ ___ _ - i- r 4 0 25 26 27 Fig. 25. Presser Bar Lifter 26. Thread Cutter 2 27. Feed ___8tolO ___ I a a 5 NEEDLE Fabric Extremely heavy tarpaulin, sacking, canvas, duck, etc. Heavy upholstery fabric, ticking, denim, leatherette Medium heavy drapery fabric, velveteen, suiting, felt, terry, etc. Medium broadcloth, percale, gingham, linen, chintz, taffeta, sheer wool, shantung, etc. Sheer voile, lawn, dimity, crepe, handkerchief linen, plastic film, etc. - THREAD FABRIC STITCHING GUIDE - - Machine Stitches Per Inch 6 to 8 8 to 10 10 to 12 Needle No 4 3 2 12 to 14 Mercerized Thread Silk or Nylon Heavy Duty Heavy Duty Heavy Duty 60 to 80 50 A 14 to 16 (Plastic film 80 to 100 50 A 16 to 20 100 to 150 50 A 1 0 Cotton Thread 10 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 60 — Very sheer chiffon, batiste, lace, organdy, 00 ninon, net, marquisette, etc. - I I SETTING THE NEEDLE See Fig. 3. Raise the needle ba rA to its highest turning Hand wheel toward you by hand. Then Ia needle clamp screw B and nee dle can be rem ovr replaced. When replacing needle (Flat Side to Rig needle clamp push it upward as far as it will go into n clamp hole, tightening the needle clamp screw B sec with a screw driver. After changing the needle mak e one complete muon of the Hand wheel by han d to be sure the nee’ in the correct position. Fiq. 3 Fig. 4 WINDING THE BOBBIN Disengage the hand wheel A Fig. 4. from the stitc mechanism by turning the clutch B tow ard you or co clockwise. Place a spool of thread on one of the SpoO l lead thread through the front thread guide on the arm . down through the tension disc at the base of the mac Run end of thread through a hole in the bobbin edge place bobbin B on spindle of bobbin winder fittinc notch on bobbin over small pin on spindle. Push bc winder pulley against hand whe el. Hold thread end icr and start machine slowly. Bobbin will be released matically when it is filled. Turn clutch away from you until sewing mechan:5 again engaged so that needle moves when you turn the wheel. Break off loose thread end used to start the windin _______ ___________ ___________ ___________ 4 4 4 )biw4* -. ij4 4* I— 7 xc s. THREADING THE BOBBIN CASE Step 1 (illustrated in Fig. 6). Hold bobbin case between thumb nd forefinger of left hand, so that e slot in the edge of the bobbin ase is on top. Take the bobbin between thumb and forefinger of right hand so that the thread on top leads from left to right. Step 2. Insert bobbin into bobbin case, pull the thread into the slot of the bobbin case as shown in Fig. 7, and draw it under the tension spring nd into the fork-shaped opening f the spring as shown in Fig. 8. I Fig. 5 SLOT A 4 ENSION SPP NG V SLOT Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. S 8 PLACING BOBBIN CASE IN SHUTTLE Open hinged cover plate left of the needle. (See 12, Fig. 1) Hold the bobbin case latch, (D), Fig. 9, between the thumb and forefinger of the left hand, with at least three inches of thread running from the top of the bobbin case to the right. Insert and center the bobbin case on the stud of the shuttle body, C). Be sure the bobbin case finger, E;:, is opposite the shuttle race notch, (A’. Press the bobbin case B) into the shuttle as far as possible until latch catches on the center post of the shuttle. THEN release the bobbin case latch, (D). Press bobbin case again after latch has been released to make sure the bobbin case is locked securely in place. Close the cover plate. A E C B D F Fig. 9 Fig. 10 9 UPPER THREADING Fig. 10) 1. Turn the hand wheel toward you to raise the take-up lever and needle to their high est posi tion. 2. Place spool of thread on the spool pin nearer the needle. 3. Lead thread through rear and front arm thread guides A. 4. down and between tension Discs B from right to left 5. up and around into the notch on chec k spring C over tension Discs. 6. Down under thread guide bar and into guide 7. up into take-up lever from right to left (E) 3. down through guide D in thread bar again 9. into thread guide F 10. through needle clamp guide (G) and into needle from left to right pulling three to four inches of thread through needle. Fig. 11 Hold the end of upper thread loosely and turn hand wheel toward you until the needle goes all the way down and comes back up. A loop will be formed over the upper thread iich then can ba pulled out straight Fig. 11). Place both thread ends unde r the slot of a presser fcot and toward the back of the machine, leaving both threads three or four inches long. 10 STRAIGHT STITCHING For straight sewing on line fabric or very soft material, you may want to use the straight stitch presser foot and the straight stitch needle plate which are included in your accessory box. Both have narrow needle slots. Changing the Foot and Plate. To change presser foot (9, Fig. 1) loosen thumb screw 10 and remove zigzag foot. Replace with hinged narrow foot and tighten screw securely. To change needle plate (7, Fig. 1) remove screws and lift off with cover plate 8 attached. Turn assembly wrong side up. Hold needle plate with right hand and cover plate with left. cFig. 12-A) Press corner of cover plate down slightly and pull needle plate upward, slipping upper pin on needle plate out of groove. Then slide lower pin out. Attach cover plate to straight stitch plate by reversing the above procedure. Slip pin on lower side of needle plate into groove on cover plate. Slide upper pin under lip and into groove on cover plate. Put plates on ma chine and fasten securely with needle plate screws. Be sure to set stitch width at 0, or the needle will break in striking the foot or plate. Adjust stops 19 to hold zigzag lever 2 in 0 position. Fig. 12B. Fig /1 A 12-A 20 \\\ Fig. 12-B I 2345 11 SETTING THE STITCH LENGTH 1. Near 0 is shortest The length of the stitch is regulated by the dial, 3, shown in Fig. markings for a variety of stitch and S is longest, but the dial may be set any spot between the stitch. The number lengths. Turn the dial to the left to lengthen and to right to shorten control plate. f the stitch length you choose should appear under the dot of the STITCH LENGTH CHART (Approximate) Figures on indicator Number of stitches per inch 0 No Feeding 1 50 2 30 3 15 4 11 — S 6 SEWING IN REVERSE or the end of a seam, When you wish to sew backward to tie the threads at the beginning sew backward as long as ess the R button (4 Fig. 1) in as for as it will go. The machine will he button is held down. ADJUSTING THE TENSIONS Always adjust the upper tension with the presser foot down, as the tension is automatically released when it is raised. To increase tension on the upper thread, turn dial (Fig. 13, to the right, or clockwise. To decrease, turn to the left. The higher t}e number on the dial the tighter the tension. Before adjusting • er tension be sure that the machine is threaded properly. When necessary to change the bobbin tension, turn small screw (Fig. 14) on side of the bobbin case clockwise to tighten, Counterclockwise to loosen. if j ( I Fig. 13 _ _ _ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ ___ __ ___ __ ___ ___ 12 properly When the upper and under tensions are . both with ed form balanced, a perfect stitch will be threads interlocking in fabric (Fig. 15). the lower When the upper tension is too tight, ad which is thread is pulled up over the upper thre lying flat on the fabric (Fig. 16). the upper When the upper tension is too loose, ad lying flat on thread forms loops over the lower thre the fabric (Fig. 17). ADJUSTING PRESSURE AND FEEDING OF FABRIC i Fig. 14 the pressure bar cap ing and zigzag stitching, sew t igh stra for lly Usua turned to . ING GENERAL SEW the drop feed knob is and n itio pos st lowe its at is 18, or darner release 17, Fig. “HI” position, Fig. 19. 17 Fig. 15 Fig. 16 Fig. 17 Fig. 18 Fig. 19 13 SEWING THIN OR LIGHT WEIGHT FABRICS. When lighter pressure is required to sew satisfactorily on thin silk or filmy material, the pressure cap should be about halfway clown. Release all the way by pressing the snap lock, A, Fig. 20, nd then press cap B down again to halfway spot. Lower the feed ightly by turning the black dot on the knob to “LO” position. In order to move the DARNING AND MONOGRAMM1NG. fabric freely in any direction for darning, mending and certain kinds of free-hand embroidery, release the pressure cap B corn pletely by pressing down on the snap lock, A, Fig. 20. Turn the knob to ON position, which drops the feed well below the needle plate. To return feed to normal, return knob to “HI”. B A Fig. 20 PREPARING TO SEW Have take-up lever at highest point before starting to sew. Do not try to help the feeding by pulling the material as this may deflect the needle and cause it to break. NEVER run machine without material under presser foot Place material and threads in position under the presser foot and lower the presser foot. Turn the hand wheel toward you until the needle is at its highest point. You are now ready t begin sewing. By having the needle at its highest point, it is not necessary to touch the L ad wheel to start the machine. You merely press the control. The speed of the machine I regulated by increasing or decreasing the amount of pressure exerted on the control. 14 REMOVING THE WORK Be sure to stop the machine when the thread take-up lever and needle bar are at their highest position. Now raise the presser foot and draw the fabric back and to the left, Fig. 21-A and B, and pass the thread over the thread cutter. Pull down slightly, holding thread in both hands, so as not to bend the needle. Leave the ends of thread under the presser foot. * Fig. 21-A CREATIVE EMBROIDERY Be sure zigzag presser foot and zigzag needle plate are in place. The satin stitch, Fig. 22, which is really just a very short zigzag stitch, and the basis for Fig. 22 most embroidery, is obtained by setting the stitch length as near 0 as possible without stopping the feeding action. The width may be set anywhere from just past 0 to 5. Fig. 21-B 15 Adjusting the Stitch width To stitch continuously at one width of zigzag stitching, set zigzag stitch width lever at the chosen stitch width and lock in position with zigzag stitch width locks 19-Fig. 1. Should you wish to move freely between any two widths, such as in doing free-hand embroidery or buttonholes, set left hand zigzag width lock at selected number and right hand ck at number 5 or lower. The 2 width will be produced until the zigzag lever (20, Fig. 12-B) is moved. EMBROIDERY PATTERNS With the machine set for a short stitch length, different designs can be made by swinging the stitch width or zigzag lever back and forth between 0 and 5 or any other combination of widths. Try setting the locks at 1 and 5, 2 and 4, etc. Set a rhythm for yourself and then proceed. After a while you will become quite skillful, varying your designs by the speed of te machine, stitch length and width and the manipulation of the lever. SAMPLES OF CREATIVE EMBROIDERY A. Sew a few stitches at 5 width, then quickly move lever back to 0 for a short period. Count, if necessary to establish a rhythm. B. Set locks at 2 and 4, then move lever slowly between settings, operating machine rather fast. et locks at and 5. Gradually move lever om 1 to 5, then snap it back quickly to 1. — A B C D E Fig. 23 16 D. Set both stops at 4, stitch length at 3. Do a few zigzag stitches, stitches, then raise it aga drop feed for 3 or 4 in. By operating the fee d kno b rhythmically it is not to count stitches. necessary E. Drop feed, lock stit ch width at 4, take 3 or 4 stitches, leave needle in fabric left of stitches. Pivot fabric on needle to make next daisy petal. Co nti nue unt il flower design is complete. Lock threads by setting stitch width at 0 and tak ing 3 or 4 stitches in center of design. EMBROIDERING WITH A HOOP It is easy to follow a sta mped design or to work free hand when embro idering or monogrammi ng. 41 (See Fig. 24). Release the pressure from the foot by pressing down the sna p lock on the automatic darner. Turn the drop fee d knob to ‘ DN” position. 1 Sketch the fabric in an embroidery hoop, and place under the needle aft er removing the presse r foot. Set the stitch width Fig 24 at the size you prefer and lower the presser bar lifter. Then operate the machine at a rather high speed while moving the hoop slowly with both han and be sure to keep ang ds. ers out of the path of the needle. . Y.i Work carefully Wi6 ‘WAWvW WWI’ WWN IthW\ /VWW NMM WM \WMWvW AA A A A w ALA AAk CO ‘-I- CO CD 0 0 (N Di LQ CO H 0 CO 00 CO r1 CD CD Di o — : o o H CO D $L — CD CO H r1 Dl CD H -CD CO Dl (1) CO CD H 0 lzj CO QOH CD H0 ID H CDCD —- 0 0(11 r*CJ ‘ CD I-., tH- b• CD 0 —. 0 H jDi H Di OH CD LH b —. (1) — H CD ,-i- CD LDi CD H HCD CD Di H 0 CD CD — CD L CD 1:1 Dl N N Di 0 H CD CO CO CD Dl N .-. N CD H 0t G) tll cJ) 0 x C) 1-3 0 x I I / 17 ( 5 4- ç SEWING ON BUTTONS 1. Remove hinged presser foot and attach button sewing foot. See Fig. 25, 26). 2. Turn drop feed knop to “DN” 3. Move zigzag width lever, to ‘0’ position or to the extreme left. Place the button so that its left hole comes directly under the needle, then gently lower the presser foot. Move the zigzag width lever to the right until the needle comes exactly over the right hole of the button. Turn the balance wheel slowly by hand to be sure the needle clears both holes of the button. Correct width if necessary and lock with stops. 4. When needle goes into the center of each hole, run the machine at medium speed, making five or six stitches, stopping with the needle in the left hole. 5. To lock the zigzag stitch and prevent raveling, set the stitch width at 0, and take a few stitches in the same hole. If you wish you may place a rounded toothpick over the button, between the two holes, and sew button to fabric in regular way. Fig. 27 Remove the toothpick and wind thread under the button, forming a shank. Fasten. Apply the above method to sew on buttons with four holes, hooks and snaps, etc. If a four hole button is to be sewn, follow the same procedure above for the two hole button. Now lift presser foot slightly and move fabric to permit stitching the remaining two holes. Hooks, snaps etc., are sewn to the fabric with the same procedure as for sewing two hole buttons. Fi-. 25 Fig. 26 MAKING BUTTONHOLES 18 First mark the beginning and end of the buttonhole on fabric with a basting line or Tailor,s Chalk. (Make a sample, following the directions below, on scrap fabric to be certain the finished buttonhole will fit the button to be used 1, Replace presser foot with buttonhole foot which is grooved deeply underneath to prevent piling of the threads. See Fig. 28. Whe n sewing buttonholes, you can turn pattern dial without pushing release lever 2. Set built in cam dial at No. I of butto nhole, and set the stitch width at approx. No. 2 by locking left zigzag width stop. Set need le position lever at L. 3. Lower needle carefully into mark on fabric indicating the begining of the buttonhole, lower presser foot and sew loft side of butto nhole. (Step 1) 4. Stop machine and raise needle to highest position, turn pattern dial 22 Fig. 1 to bar tack position (No. 2) and sew 4 or 5 stitc hes. Step 2 S. With needle at highest position turn pattern dial 22 Fig. 1 to No. 3 and sew right side of buttonhole.. Step 3) 6. Stitch to the starting point of the buttonhole. Stop machine and raise needle to high est position, turn pattern dial 22 Fig. 1 to No. 4 and sew the bar tack. (Step 4) 7. Should you prefer to sew the right side of the buttonhole (reverse stitching)first-star with t step 3 and follow with steps 4, 1 and 2. If you plan to make buttonholes on sheer or soft material, place tarlàtan or paper unde r the fabric which can be torn away after stitching. And it is always to make several button holes on scraps of fabric before work ing on the garment. For buttonholes with more cutting spac e, set stitch width at less than 2 and for less outting, higher than 2. Fig. 28 Step I LOU Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 19 SSORIES HOW TO USE ACCE the needle at its th Wi NARROW HEMMER. t with e regular presser foo , highest position, replac 3QN. For a plain narrow hem hes narrow hemmer (Fig. inc le fold for about two inch make a 1, 8 inch doub ld each end of the two Fig. 30 the along edge of fabric. Ho o int up mer. Bring fold h fold, slip underneath hem wit ten fas forward to end and scroll of hemmer, draw y pull presser bar lifter. Gentl point of needle. Lower rt stitching. to ends of thread as you sta to right, and it will au htl Guide material slig y . oll turn through scr matically take a double To sew a narrow hem and M. HE LACE TRIMMED t next Fig. 31 ng, insert lace in the slo attach lace in one stitchi lace ng idi gu ve, abo as hem Sew to needle (Fig. 31. into scroll. under needle and hem Hold INVISIBLE STITCHING. TH LACE EDGE WI ric. fab of e sid ht rig edge on raw m fro h inc 8 1 e lac (Fig. for plain narrow hem Insert both in scroll as lace by over a little fullness in l rol hem t Le ). 32 r scroll. feeding it freely unde Fig. 32 ht sides together, place top FRENCH SEAM. With rig ce. pie er seam. h inside edge of low , making French ric fab top in piece of material 1 8 inc sew and r hemmer. , allowing hem to roll ove e in scroll of edg led rol ert Insert in hemmer scroll ins Open out French seam and FLAT FELLED SEAM. to catch both flat. t wide enough jus Edgestitch to lay seam ch, stit zag zig row CT. Use a nar HAND ROLLED EFFE hem. led rol edges of the narrow, L*4 20 QUILTING GUIDE. This guide for making pa rallel rows of stitching is attached by placing the pronged holder between the presser foot and the presser foot clamp screw Fig. 33 Adjust the curved bar to press lightly on the ia bric. By letting the guide radio on the first stitching line, successive rows will be an equal distance apart. When the bar is attached so that the curved part is to the right of the needle, it may also serve as a seam width guide. Use the SEAM GAUGE OR CLOTH GUIDE. seam gauge as a guide for straight seams and even rows of top stitching along edges of fabric. Fasten gauge with accompanying screw in threaded hole in needle plate or in bed of machine (Fig. 34). Adjust to seam width desired. —j I - Fig. 33 Fig. 34 _____ ______ 21 CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF YOUR MACHINE HOW TO OIL YOUR MACHINE ——-‘ Your machine should be oiled occasionally to keep it operating smoothly-how often depends on the amount of sewing you do. Before oiling the upper part of the sewing unit at points indicated by arrows in Fig. 34 turn hand wheel toward you until the take-up lever is at its lowest point. Avoid over-oiling, only a drop is needed at Fig. 35 each point. To oil parts under the bed of the machine, tip the unit back on its hinges and apply a drop of oil at each pornt indicated in Fig. 36 The face plate opens h_ sideways on hinges mak ing oiling and cleaning easy. Oil at spots indi cated in Fig. 37 j :z.z :‘ k—Fig. 36 HOW TO REPLACE LIGHT BULB The lamp is built-in under the face plate. Open the face plate. Unscrew bulb and replace vith bulb of same size, which is avai lable from your sewing machine dealer. iW Fig. 37 —‘ 22 ADJUSTING AND CHANGING “V” BELT wheel If it should ever become necessary to replace the belt on your machine the hand must first be loosened and moved out. L I I Fig. 40 Fig. 39 Fig. 38 To do this, follow these instructions: 1. Remove clutch nut A in center of wheel by taking out the small screw B near the edge. Fig. 38. Turn nut counter-clockwise until it can be lifted off. 2. Before moving the hand wheel, note the position of the washer, C, Fig. 39 which fits under the clutch nut. It may fall out when you are changing the belt. 3. Pull hand wheel away from the machine carefully, Fig. 40. Pull it just far enough to make the grooved section which holds the belt accessible. 4. Slide old belt over hand wheel and over pulley on the end of motor. 5. Slide new belt into grooved section and over motor pulley. 6. Push hand wheel back against the machine. 7. If washer C has fallen off, replace so that the lips I) are pointing toward the clutch nut. 8. Replace nut and tighten screw securely. 23 After doing this, turn the clutch toward you to disengage the sewing mechanism. If the needle still moves up and down as you turn the hand wheel, again remove the clutch nut. G:e the washer a half turn and replace the nut. CLEANING AND OILING THE SHUTTLE (See Figs. 41 and 42) The stitch forming mechanism occasionally becomes clogged with loose threads and lint. Cleaning and removal of This will interfere with the efficient operation of the machine. the lint will safeguard the performance. To remove the shuttle assembly, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the balance wheel until the needle reaches its highest position. Tilt head back on its hinges. 2. Remove bobbin case ‘A), Fig. 41. 3. Turn the two shuttle race cover clamps B) outward and remove the shuttle race cover C and shuttle body Fig. 41 Fig. 42 24 4. Clean the shuttle race, the shuttle and shuttle race cover by removing all threads, lint, etc. 5. Apply a dxop of oil with finger tip to outer edge of shuttle. When the cleaning has been completed, proceed as follows to replace the shuttle assembly: 1. Turn the balance wheel until the needle reaches its highest position. 2. Place shuttle body, ID against shuttle driver and adjust into position. 3. Replace shuttle race cover, C fitting pin at lower edge into notch, and lock into position with shuttle race cover clamps, B), making certain the clamps have been snapped securely into position. 4. Put bobbin into bobbin case. 5. Put the bobbin case into the shuttle race, fitting tongue into notch E of race cover. , , m 1 ACCESSORIES 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ;. 9. 3 :4, Fig. 43 10. 11, 12. 13. 14. Plastic Oiler Sealed and Filled) Package of Needles 5 Large Screw Driver Small Screw Driver Quilter Guide Cloth Guide Button Sewing Foot Presser Foot for Straight Stitching Narrow Hemmer Buttonhole Foot Thumb Screw for spool pins Felt Washers 2 Bobbins (3) Needle Plate for Straight Sewing (graduated) I 25 TROUBLE Trouble If Machine Binds CHART Correction Probable Cause Thread or lint in race way head 1—With take-up lever in highest position, tE It case back on hinges and remove bobbin RACE BOBBIN BOBBIN NOTCI{ -JJi / LATCH 6 /J RACE COVER HOOK CLAMPS race co’er. 2—Turn clamps outward and remove 3—Remove hook. parts, inCIUd 4—Clean thread and lint from all race. of hook. 5—Run a drop of oil along rim Snap clamps 6—Replace hook, then race cover. into place. by latch and re 7—Grasp threaded bobbin case of race cov’et. place, fitting tongue into notch ama a — — • — as a — a a — a - 26 Trouble Probable Cause Correction Bent needle Skipping stitches Irregular stitches Uneven ztitches Madhine not operating Discard and replace. Needle placed incorrectly in clamp - See instruction page No. 6. Too fine a needle for thread being used See needle and thread chart, page No. 5. Upper thread tension too loose Tightn upper tension. Improper threading See threading instruction, page No. 8 and 9. Bobbin not wound evenly Rewind bobbin. Pulling or holding material Avoid pulling or holding material, just guide it. Not enough tension on upper thread Increase tension. Poor quality thread Try different thread. Needle too fine for thread being used Bobbin winder near hand wheel a See needle and thread chart, page No. 5. Move bobbin winder to off position away from hand wheel. 27 Trouble Upper thread breaking Material puckering Machine not operating Correction Probable Cause Improperly threaded Refer to threading instructions see page No. 8 and rethread machine. Too much tension Loosen tension on upper thread by turning thread tension knob to lower number. Starting with take up in incorrect position Always start sewing with take up lever in highest position. Improper setting of needle Refer to needle setting instructions see page No. 6. Eye of needle too sharp Try a new needle. Bent or blunt needle Discard all blunt or bent needles and replace with new. Tensions too tight See tensions adjustment page No. 10. Dull needle Change needle. Stitch length too long Reduce stitch length. Bobbin winder near hand wheel. Move bobbin winder to off position away from hand wheel.