Transcript
Capstone Fall
Ultrasonic Glove Functional Decomposition Team IBTS CU Boulder ECEE Capstone
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Table of Contents Hardware Decomposition...................................................................................................... 2 Level 0 ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Ultrasonic Tracking System .......................................................................................................................2 Level 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Glove, Base Station, Host .............................................................................................................................3 Level 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Glove Decomposed ........................................................................................................................................5 Base Station Decomposed ..........................................................................................................................8 Host Decomposed ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Level 3 .................................................................................................................................................. 12 Glove Power System................................................................................................................................... 12 Glove Control ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Glove Receiver .............................................................................................................................................. 16 Base Station Transmission ...................................................................................................................... 18 Base Station Control................................................................................................................................... 20
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Hardware Decomposition Level 0 Ultrasonic Tracking System
User Hand Movements
Power
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Ultrasonic Tracking System
Visualization of Data
Ultrasonic Tracking System User Hand Movements Power Visualization of Data Tracks the movement of the user’s hands and displays them on a computer screen. We will run our Ultrasonic Tracking System and verify the following: Smooth refresh rate > 20Hz Accurate extrapolation of hand in many different positions Smooth tracking of hand as it moves around Verify that max operational time is a reasonable duration when battery powered
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Level 1 Glove, Base Station, Host
User Hand Movements
Power
Ultrasonic Ping
Glove
RF Signal
Base Station USB
Host
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Visualization of Data
Glove Power Ultrasonic Ping RF timing synchronization signal RF Signal sends trilateration data back to Base Station Receives timing synchronization from the Base Station via RF. Ultrasonic sensors on the fingertips and back of the hand receive ultrasonic pings from base station. Trilateration calculations are performed. Trilateration data is transmitted via RF to base station. All status LEDs functioning. Verify that the analog circuitry correctly conditions ultrasonic signal. Verify that the timing processor correctly calculates trilateration data. Verify that the RF Transceiver can send/receive.
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Ultrasonic Glove Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Module Input Output Functional Description Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011 Base Station Power RF trilateration data from Glove Ultrasonic ping to Glove Trilateration data to Host Computer Sends timing synchronization via RF to the Glove. Four ultrasonic transmitters send ultrasonic pings to Glove. Trilateration data received from Glove via RF. Trilateration data sent via USB to Host Computer. Verify power supply by probing test points at the base station inputs with a multimeter. Verify power good LED is on to indicate power from the USB. To test the connection of the RF transceiver we will follow the same test plan described for the Base Station RF Transceiver. Verify that Ultrasonic Ping signal is being generated at high enough amplitude Host Power Trilateration data from Base Station via USB Sends “start” data to Base Station Receives trilateration data and draws a virtual hand. We will turn the host computer on, connect a USB cable from the base station to the board and verify using a terminal that the host is receiving a character.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Level 2 Glove Decomposed
Receiver Circuitry
Ultrasonic Ping
Interrupt
Control Starts Timer RF Signal
RF Signal
RF 3.3V ±3.3V
Power System Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Glove Receiver Ultrasonic Ping Power ±3.3V Interrupt Receives ultrasonic ping. Performs analog conditioning on received ping. Generates interrupt. To verify functionality, we will use the signal generator to generate a 40kHz, 200mV sine wave at the input of the receiver circuitry. We will use two inputs of the oscilloscope to view the input sine wave and output square wave simultaneously to verify timing and output signal integrity. 5
Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011
Glove Control Timing synchronization signal from Base Station Interrupt from receiver Power +3.3V Trilateration data to RF transceiver Starts timer after receiving timing synchronization signal. Stops timer when interrupt is received. Performs trilateration calculations and sends coordinates to RF transceiver. To verify timing, a manual “start” signal will be sent to the control processor. The control processor then sends a signal to start the timing on six timing processors. We will use an oscilloscope to measure the time between when the “start” signal is sent and when the timers begin on each timing processor. We will generate another manual signal exactly 1 second after the “start” signal is sent to imitate the interrupt for each timing processor. We will write the contents of each timer to registers and verify a value of 1 second. RF transceiver functionality will be addressed in testing of the SPI interface (see below) Trilateration calculation will be verified in software testing
Module Input Output Functional Description Test Plan
Glove RF RF Signal from Base Station Trilateration data from Control Trilateration data via RF to Base Station Receives timing synchronization from Base Station and sends to Control. Sends trilateration coordinates to Base Station via RF. Check SPI communication Checking timing against SPI protocol Query transceiver and read status register
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Ultrasonic Glove Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011 Glove Power System USB Power ±3.3V 3.9V Lithium Polymer rechargeable battery will power the Glove. Two regulators will be used to generate 3.3V and -3.3V rails. A USB interface will be used to recharge the battery. We will measure the total current drawn from the battery and the total current drawn by each supply rail at full operation. We will verify that these values are below maximum rated conditions for our regulators. We will measure the voltage rails at full load and minimum load and verify that the values fall within a specified operational tolerance for our ICs.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Base Station Decomposed Ultrasonic Signal
Ultrasonic Transmission
USB
3.3 V Square Wave, 40 kHz
SPI
RF Transceiver
Serial
Control
Tx Select Rx Select Interrupt
20 V 3.3 V, Max 30mA
3.3 V
Power
RF Transmissions
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Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Module Input Output Functional Description Test Plan
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011
Base Station Power System +25V from wall +5V from USB 20V output to ultrasonic transmitter 3.3V Generates +20V and +3.3V supply rails for Base Station We will measure the total current drawn by each supply rail at full operation. We will verify that these values are below maximum rated conditions for our regulators. We will measure the voltage rails at full load and minimum load and verify that the values fall within a specified operational tolerance for our ICs. Base Station RF 3.3V Power Data from Control via SPI Data to Control via SPI Sends timing synchronization signal from Base Station to Glove Receives trilateration data from Glove and relays to Control Check SPI communication Checking timing against SPI protocol Query transceiver and read status register Base Station Ultrasonic Transmission +20V Power Supply +3.3V 40 kHz square wave from Control Ultrasonic Ping to Glove Amplifies a square wave to drive the Ultrasonic transmitter. Use an oscilloscope to measure the input square wave and amplified output square wave. Verify amplification and signal integrity in output signal. Verify that sound is being generated by Ultrasonic transmitter by connecting an Ultrasonic receiver to an oscilloscope and observing output.
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Ultrasonic Glove Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011 Base Station Control +3.3V Power USB Serial Data from Host SPI data to RF Transceiver Sends a timing synchronization signals to the Glove via RF. Send control signal to generate Ultrasonic Pings. Receives trilateration data from Glove . Sends trilateration to Host via USB. Verify USB Serial transmission between Host and Base Station Verify SPI communication with RF Transceiver Verify signal integrity of control signal that generates Ultrasonic Pings
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Host Decomposed
Trilateration Coordinates
Module Input Output Functional Description Test Plan
Application Software
Visualization of Data
Application Software Trilateration coordinate data Visualization of data on computer screen Takes the trilateration coordinates for for each of the six Ultrasonic receivers and extrapolates hand position. Hand position is then displayed on a computer screen. Input simulated coordinates and verify that application software correctly displays coordinates on computer screen. Verify that application can run at a refresh rate > 20Hz.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Level 3 Glove Power System
5 V, USB
Battery
Voltage Regulation
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
3.3V
±3.3V
Glove Power System 5V from USB Regulated 3.3V The USB bridge that is used for programming the control processor contains an onboard regulator which provides a regulated 3.3V supply from the 5V USB rail. This supply will be used to power the board before the battery system is added. A USB cable will be attached to the bridge chip and the output voltage will be tested using a multimeter. The module will be considered functional if 3.3V is available on the regulated output rail.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Module Input Output
Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011
Glove Battery System 5V from USB Regulated 3.3V The USB bridge that is used for programming the control processor contains an onboard regulator which provides a regulated 3.3V supply from the 5V USB rail. This supply will be used to power the board before the battery system is added. A USB cable will be attached to the bridge chip and the output voltage will be tested using a multimeter. The module will be considered functional if 3.3V is available on the regulated output rail.
Glove Voltage Regulation Between 2.6 and 3.9 volts from battery 3.3V from positive boost/regulator -3.3V from inverter A voltage booster/regulator takes a voltage from the battery and outputs a regulated 3.3V. This replaces the wired supply that is provided by the USB bridge. The 3.3V supply is fed into an inverter which provides a regulated -3.3V rail for analog components on the board. The positive regulator will be tested by connecting the battery and probing the output with a multimeter. If the output is a stable 3.3V, the regulator will be considered functional. Once 3.3V is available it will be connected to the inverter, which will be considered functional if it outputs -3.3V.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Glove Control
USB Power
USB Data
USB Serial Data and Regulated Power
Main Processor
Module Input Output
Functional Description
Test Plan
Control to Circuitry
Glove USB USB data and power from host port Serial data and regulated power The USB bridge provides a means of communicating with the host computer and is a means of programming the control processor via a bootloader. Serial information on the board side is translated into USB data by the bridge and vice versa. The bridge also provides a regulated 3.3V output that is used for power if the battery components are not in place. The bridge contains LED indicators for Tx/Rx activity. These should blink during enumeration when the chip is connected to the host via a USB cable. If the bridge appears in the host’s device list then full functionality will be tested using a terminal program. A ‘U’ will be typed and the bridged output will be monitored to verify that a ‘01010101’ waveform (corresponding to the ASCII character value) is output. 14
Ultrasonic Glove Module
Input
Output
Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011 Glove Main Processor 3.3V power rail Programmer connectors TX line from USB bridge Serial lines from slave processors SPI lines from transceiver module LED indicator lines TX line to USB bridge Interrupt lines to slave processors SPI lines to transceiver module The control processor provides the primary logic for the glove. It sends and receives wireless data from the RF transceiver module and synchronizes the slave timing processors. Information from the slaves is received via serial lines and data can be sent to and from a host computer via the wired USB interface. A programmer will be connected to the processor to check whether basic communication can be established. If so, a simple program to blink the indicator LEDs will be loaded. If the “Hello World” LED program is functional then a bootloader will be written to the program and tested via the USB bridge. If a program can be written using the bootloader then the UART modules and SPI communication will be verified by loading test programs to the control processor and monitoring the output with a logic analyzer. The UARTs will be considered functional if a ‘U’ character can be observed on a scope or analyzer. SPI communication will be verified by comparing the data captured on a logic analyzer with the timing parameters specified by the SPI protocol.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Glove Receiver
Ultrasonic Pulse
Power from Lithium Ion Battery
Ultrasonic Receiver
Analog Conditioning Time Delay
Timing Processor
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Ultrasonic Receiver 3.3V from supply rail Ultrasonic pulse Oscillating voltage corresponding to the input pulse The receiver module is a small MEMs microphone which has a strong response in the 40KHz acoustic range. When no input is present, it outputs a constant voltage that is ½ the supply. The output oscillates around this DC value when an impinging acoustic wave is detected by the receiver. The transmitter and receiver components must be tested together to guarantee functionality. A 40KHz input signal will be applied to the emitter and the receiver output will be monitored with an oscilloscope to ensure that a 40KHz output signal is produced.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input Output
Functional Description
Test Plan
Module Input Output
Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011
Glove Analog Conditioning +/-3.3V from supply rails Raw signal from ultrasonic receiver Pulses corresponding to detected ultrasonic sounds The analog conditioning circuitry takes the raw signal from a receiver and amplifies then rectifies it. The rectified signal is fed into a comparator module which outputs a logic high voltage any time an oscillating signal is generated by the receiver. The amplification and rectification allow the first period of an impinging ultrasonic wave to be detected, regardless of its phase. The analog circuitry will first be tested with a small (~200mV) sinusoidal input from a signal generator. This input should produce a train of square pulses. The circuitry will then be connected to the receiver module and tested by generating an ultrasonic pulse and ensuring that the analog circuit outputs a pulse. Glove Timing Processor 3.3V from supply rail Interrupt line from control processor Analog input from receiver Timing information via a serial line The timing processors are used to measure the time between an interrupt from the control processor and a pulse on the receiver input line. When an interrupt is generated, the processor starts an internal timer that is connected to the processor’s capture module. This module is configured to store the timer value the first time an input pulse (corresponding to an ultrasonic chirp) is detected on the analog input line. A programmer will be connected to the processor to check whether basic communication can be established. If so, a program will be loaded to configure the hardware UART and send a ‘U’ character on the Tx line every second. This line will be monitored with an oscilloscope to verify the waveform.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Base Station Transmission
40 kHz 3.3 V Square Waveform
20 V
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Analog Conditioning Ultrasonic Signal
Emitter
Transmitter Analog Conditioning Input signal from control processor 20V from supply rail Amplified ~40kHz signal The analog conditioning circuitry takes a 3.3V square wave generated by the control processor and amplifies it to 20V to be driven across the ultrasonic emitters. A signal generator will supply a 3.3V signal and the output of the circuitry will be monitored with an oscilloscope. If the amplification works with the test input signal then a signal generated by the control processor will be input and the output verified with an oscilloscope.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input Output Functional Description Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011
Base Station Ultrasonic Emitter 20V square wave Ultrasonic acoustic waves The ultrasonic emitter accepts up to 20Vrms ultrasonic signals and acts as a transducer to produce acoustic waves. The emitter will be tested in conjunction with a receiver. If an input signal can be applied to the emitter and an output from the receiver can be observed on an oscilloscope, both will be considered functional.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Date updated 9/27/2011
Base Station Control
SPI
Processor
Signals to Emitters
USB
USB Data/ Power
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Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input
Output
Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011
Base Station Control Processor 3.3V power rail Programmer connectors Tx line from USB bridge SPI lines from transceiver module LED indicator lines Tx line to USB bridge Signal lines to emitter circuits SPI lines to transceiver module The control processor coordinates the ultrasonic tracking. It is responsible for generating a synchronization signal to start the glove timers, then generating ultrasonic signals and processing incoming timing data. This data is formatted and sent to the computer where it can be rendered. A programmer will be connected to the processor to check whether basic communication can be established. If so, a simple program to blink the indicator LEDs will be loaded. If the “Hello World” LED program is functional then a bootloader will be written to the processor and tested via the USB bridge. If a program can be written using the bootloader then the UART modules and SPI communication will be verified by loading test programs to the control processor and monitoring the output with a logic analyzer. The UARTs will be considered functional if a ‘U’ character can be observed on a scope or analyzer. SPI communication will be verified by comparing the data captured on a logic analyzer with the timing parameters specified by the SPI protocol.
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Ultrasonic Glove
Module Input Output Functional Description
Test Plan
Date updated 9/27/2011 Base Station USB USB data and power from host port Serial data and regulated power The USB bridge provides a means of communicating with the host computer and is a means of programming the control processor via a bootloader. Serial information on the board side is translated into USB data by the bridge and vice versa. The bridge contains LED indicators for Tx/Rx activity. These should blink during enumeration when the chip is connected to the host via a USB cable. If the bridge appears in the host’s device list then full functionality will be tested using a terminal program. A ‘U’ will be typed and the bridged output will be monitored to verify that a ‘01010101’ waveform (corresponding to the ASCII character value) is output.
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