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INFOBrief Dell™ PowerVault™MD1000 Modular Disk Storage Expansion Enclosure The storage enclosure that’s spearheading a new era of performance, expandability, and versatility.
Highlights •
The next generation storage expansion enclosure for PowerEdge servers can house up to fifteen 3.5-inch Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) or Serial ATA (SATA) disk drives.
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SAS disk drives are built to handle the growing performance and capacity needs of mainstream business applications—such as Exchange and SQL—running on a single PowerEdge server.
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SATA disk drives offer optimal storage value for streaming media, disk-based backup and recovery, and tiered storage applications.
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The standardized, modular design enables up to three enclosures to be daisy chained to a single host-based RAID connection delivering up to 45 drives for scaling disk performance or capacity.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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April 2006
Background The SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) specification defines both hardware and software standards for communication between a host computer and a peripheral. For over two decades, SCSI has been a mainstay in the enterprise. Its market dominance and the large number of developers who design products to meet the specification has created economies of scale that make SCSI one of the most affordable disk technologies available today. Over the years SCSI has evolved, adding increased functionality, performance and reliability with each release. Yet, the current iteration of SCSI, Ultra320, represents the end of the road for parallel disk interconnect technologies.
Industry in Transition SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) SAS is the next major iteration in the evolution of SCSI technology, introducing significant benefits to users, most notably led by dramatic improvements in bandwidth capacity and drive scalability. SAS is a point-to-point peripheral interface in which controllers are linked directly to hard drives, enabling systems with many drives to scale bandwidth far beyond the capacity of SCSI. To complement this bandwidth scalability, SAS expands the maximum number of devices well beyond the maximum number (sixteen) that can exist in a parallel SCSI domain. Furthermore, SAS controllers are compatible with both SAS and Serial ATA (SATA) disk drives, providing a greater degree of flexibility.
PCI Express™ First released in the early 1990s, the PCI bus brought a number of advantages over previous bus implementations, including processor independence and true plug-and-play operation. Like SCSI, PCI bus technology has evolved and improved with each release. With the recent advent of high I/O devices—such as SAS disk drives and processors with multi-core technology—PCI Express, the latest advancement in the PCI interface standard, was defined to serve the needs of bandwidth-hungry platforms. PCI Express provides a high performance point-topoint link for interconnecting devices and transmitting data. The high performance of PCI Express relates specifically to its throughput capacity, which is more than four times that of a PCI-X link. An additional benefit is that this bandwidth is available simultaneously in both directions on each link.
The PowerVault
Introducing the PowerVault MD1000
MD1000 is Dell’s Dell Enterprise Product Group
next generation SAS and SATA direct attached storage
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April 2006
The PowerVault MD1000 storage enclosure is Dell’s first external disk system to support SAS, a drive technology that is well-equipped to handle the growing performance and capacity requirements of today’s mainstream business applications—such as Exchange and SQL—running on a single PowerEdge server. In addition, the enclosure can support SATA disk drives, which are ideal for establishing an affordable tier of storage for audio/video streaming, disk-based backup and recovery, and other emerging disk storage applications. Classified as a JBOD (Just a Bunch Of Disks) 1 , the PowerVault MD1000 storage enclosure can house up to fifteen 3.5-inch SAS or SATA drives in 3U of rack space. Up to three enclosures can be daisy-chained together on a single RAID controller connection, totaling 45 drives and yielding up to 22,500 GB 2 of raw capacity when configured with 500GB2 SATA disk drives. Included with the PowerVault MD1000 is one Enclosure Management Module (EMM). The EMM monitors and helps control enclosure environment elements (temperature, fans, power supplies, enclosure LEDs, etc.), controls access to the drives, and communicates enclosure status to the host server. A secondary EMM is available as an option for splitting the drive enclosure between two servers, if needed. In addition, the PowerVault MD1000 offers system reliability and data availability features, such as hot-pluggable disk drives and redundant hotpluggable power supplies and cooling fan modules. The host-based RAID connection is supported via a Dell PowerEdge Expandable RAID Controller 5/Extended (PERC 5/E). In addition to providing disk performance and protection through RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 10, and 50, the PERC 5/E controller is designed to offer data integrity and availability features, such as proactive error detection and correction. Furthermore, the PERC 5/E controller supports PCI Express, the latest PCI interface standard equipped to handle the rigors of performance SAS disk drives. The PERC 5/E RAID controller includes Dell OpenManage Server Administrator software which provides a complete set of disk configuration and management utilities for both internal and external storage on PowerEdge servers. As always, Dell offers optional installation, training, and custom support services to help ease deployment and ongoing operations.
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JBOD drive enclosures connect to a Dell PERC 5/E RAID card configured inside a PowerEdge server For hard drives, GB means 1 billion bytes and TB equals 1 trillion bytes; actual capacity varies with preloaded material and operating environment and will be less.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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Feature Highlights The PowerVault MD1000 delivers the latest disk storage advancements: •
Unparalleled SAS technology − Full-duplex 3.0 Gbps SAS drives for high performance − Point-to-point topology of SAS offers dedicated bandwidth to each drive − External wide connection ports delivering 12.0 Gbps of total bandwidth
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Outstanding storage expansion capacity (with 500GB2 SATA II drives) − 15 drives per enclosure totals 7,500GB2 of capacity − 45 drives per RAID controller connection totals 22,500GB2 of capacity − Split mode: 8 drives (4.0TB2) and 7 drives (3.5TB2) on two separate servers
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Best-of-breed 3.5-inch SAS disk drives − 15,000 RPM SAS drives available in 36GB2, 73GB2 or 146GB2 − 10,000 RPM SATA II drives available in 73GB2, 146GB2, and 300GB2 − 7,200 RPM SATA II drives available in 250GB2 and 500GB2
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Modular, standards-based 3U rack height enclosure design − Standard redundant hot-pluggable power supplies and cooling fan modules − One or two Enclosure Management Modules 3 with 12.0 Gbps wide ports − Efficient enclosure airflow and drive cooling
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Optimal rack enclosure attributes: − Capacity per U: 1.4TB2 (with 300GB2 disk drives) − Maximum throughput per enclosure: 800MB/second − Power per U: 105 Watts 4
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Superior serviceability and commonality with Dell PowerEdge servers − 3.5-inch serial disk drive carrier − Common internal and external disk and RAID management − Familiar Dell installation, training, and custom support services
The PERC 5/E RAID controller—sold separately—includes the following features: •
Performance and protection with RAID levels 0,1, 5, 10, and 50
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Best-in-class PCI Express interface delivering 4X the bandwidth of PCI-X 5
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12.0 Gbps external wide connection ports for expansion
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Supports up to three disk expansion enclosures per RAID connection
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Consistency Check and Background Patrol Read error correction and detection
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The PowerVault MD1000 can connect to two servers when running in split mode. Note: Split mode supports a single disk storage expansion enclosure with a total of 15 drives split (8/7) between two separate servers. Average power draw per 3U enclosure with fifteen 10,000 RPM drives is 315 Watts. PCI Express is rated at 4.0 GB/sec, whereas maximum bandwidth of PCI-X is only rated at 1.0 GB/sec.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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Making the Move from SCSI to SAS Up to four times (4X) the performance bandwidth SAS is a point-to-point topology that offers a direct link from the controller to a disk drive. In contrast, SCSI drives have a parallel architecture in which drives have to share a common bus and compete for a portion of the total bandwidth. 6 Additionally, SAS specifies the ability to aggregate ports to form a wide port capable of supporting higher throughput. The PowerVault MD1000 has external SAS connectors (IN and OUT) in which 4 SAS ports are aggregated to yield a wide port with a bandwidth capacity of 12.0Gbps (1,200 MB/sec). 7 This produces a total bandwidth that is nearly four-times (4X) that of a SCSI bus (320 MB/sec). These bandwidth advantages taken together give SAS an edge over SCSI, delivering more headroom for scaling the performance of applications running on a single server. Taking full advantage of the increase in throughput capacity, Dell leverages PCI Express, the best-in-class performance interface used in the PERC RAID controller. PCI Express provides up to four times (4X) the throughput capacity of the PCI-X interface, making it an ideal complement for high speed SAS disk drives. 8 To further address performance, the storage enclosure supports disk drives with 15,000 RPM spindle speeds, which are well-suited for handling random databasetype transactions, such as email, databases, data warehousing and OLTP (Online Transaction Processing). Today, 15,000 RPM drives are available only in the 3.5inch form factor. Dell’s unique combination of SAS, PCI Express, and 15,000 RPM disk drives makes the PowerVault MD1000 ideal for the storage of mainstream and demanding enterprise applications running on a single server.
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SAS specifies 3.0 Gbps for each drive whereas SCSI delivers a maximum bandwidth of 320 MB/sec that must be shared across every drive on the same bus. SAS links use an encoding called 10b/8b which means it takes 10b of information to transmit 8b of data over the physical link The throughput capacity of PCI Express is rated at 4.0 GB/sec, whereas maximum bandwidth of PCI-X is only rated at 1.0 GB/sec or 1000 MB/sec. Given that an external SAS connection can have an aggregate x4 port speed of 1,200 MB/sec, PCI-X can potentially limit the maximum bandwidth of SAS by 17%. PCI Express, on the other hand, delivers sufficient bandwidth for SAS connections.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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More than three times (3X) the number of disk drives With parallel SCSI, up to sixteen (16) target addresses are available for connecting devices on a bus. The arrival of SAS effectively removes this address limitation. Dell supports up to three disk storage enclosures daisy-chained together on a single PERC 5/E RAID controller connection. The collective 45-drive multienclosure system yields a remarkable 13,500GB2 of raw capacity (using 300GB SAS drives). Compared to the Dell PowerVault 220S SCSI expansion enclosure, SAS delivers more than a three-fold (3X) increase in the storage capacity and number of drives per connection. Note: The PowerVault MD1000 can be connected to two non-clustered 9 servers when running in split mode. In this configuration, a single disk storage expansion enclosure with a total of 15 drives is split between two separate servers; the primary EMM controls eight drives and a secondary EMM controls the remaining seven drives. In this scenario, daisy-chaining two or more drive enclosures is not supported.
Significant external storage value with 3.5-inch SAS drives Today, two form factors are available when making the move to SAS; namely the time-honored 3.5-inch form factor and the emerging 2.5-inch form factor. 3.5-inch disk drives, a mainstay in the enterprise, offer significant advantages over the budding 2.5-inch disk drives, including nearly 30% higher performance (a total of five 2.5-inch drives is needed to match the performance of four 3.5-inch 15,000 RPM disk drives). 10 Today, a 3.5-inch SAS disk drive can store as much as 300GB. A 2.5-inch SAS drive, on the other hand, can store only up to 73GB. This gives the 3.5-inch form factor a four-fold (4X) capacity advantage over the 2.5-inch form factor for every spindle. Consequently, for capacity requirements beyond 300GB, four times more 2.5-inch drives (at 73GB) are needed to equal a single 3.5-inch drive (at 300GB). New 2.5-inch drives do have advantages that are relevant for some environments, however. They are compact in size and dissipate half the heat of 3.5-inch disk drives making them ideal for rack dense server environments. The ability to pack in more spindles in a small amount of rack space with acceptable thermal conditions is quite appealing to many server administrators. 9 10
Please contact your Dell representative for details about storage products that support clustering. 3.5-inch SAS drives can spin as fast as 15,000 RPM delivering 190 IOPs of performance. In contrast, 2.5-inch drives spin at a slower rate of 10,000 RPM, which equates to 150 IOPs. This 15,000 RPM drives a nearly 30% speed advantage for 3.5inch disk drives. As such, one and one-quarter (1.25) 10,000 RPM 2.5-inch disk drives is needed to match the IOPs of a single 15,000 RPM 3.5-inch disk drive—a five-to-four (5/4) 2.5-inch/3.5-inch ratio.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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Added value with economical SATA disk drives With support for both SAS and SATA disk drives, the enclosure offers a high degree of configuration flexibility giving administrators the freedom to select a drive most appropriate for a given task. Now in its second generation, SATA II disk drives have been enhanced to better handle the rigors of some enterprise applications. SATA II disk drives are wellsuited for applications with long continuous data transfers, including audio/video streaming or disk backup and restore. In addition, SATA II drives have a low costper-Gigabyte, making them ideal for affordable storage of large amounts of infrequently accessed information, such as fixed content, file archives, reference material, and the like.
Target Applications and Usage Scenarios The PowerVault MD1000 is ideal for organizations with continued interest in server-resident storage. In the event a PowerEdge server 11 approaches its maximum internal storage capacity, an external PowerVault disk drive enclosure can be added to expand the overall capacity and help extend the life of the server. The combination of 3.5-inch SAS and SATA II drive technology offers a high degree of flexibility when configuring storage for optimal price-performance. As a result, the PowerVault MD1000 offers broad versatility for a variety of applications and can be tailored to meet the needs of a small-to-medium business or a large enterprise. For example, a budget-sensitive organization can expand server storage incrementally and affordably. The modular design of the PowerVault MD1000 allows inexpensive disk drives to be added to a server whenever more capacity is needed, making room for growing email and database applications. Or, the enclosure can be split between two servers for a convenient and affordable way to add an extra seven or eight drives to each server. For datacenter environments, high-performance SAS storage can be deployed wherever it is needed. The PowerVault MD1000 delivers outstanding performance for I/O and bandwidth-intensive applications, such as online transaction processing and data warehousing. These demanding applications are characterized by high transaction rates and typically require a high number of drive spindles to achieve 11
The PowerVault MD1000 currently supports the PowerEdge 1850, 1950, 2850, 2900, 2950, 6800 and 6850 servers. Check with your Dell sales representative for more details.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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acceptable or high levels of performance. The technique of logically grouping multiple disk drives to optimize storage performance is an inherent feature in the PERC 5/E RAID controller. Therefore, the 45-drive collective capacity that three PowerVault MD1000 disk enclosures provides on a single RAID controller connection gives administrators exceptional spindle scalability and more headroom for tuning high performance applications. In addition, I/O performance is enhanced when using 15,000 RPM SAS disk drives. Beyond transactional-type applications, the PowerVault MD1000 is well-suited for emerging near-line storage applications and economical bulk storage. Because of the affordability of 3.5-inch SATA drive technology, the drive enclosure can be used for online backup and recovery, as well as storage of files and fixed content, such as web pages, digital images, video and audio, reference material and archives.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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PowerVault Disk Comparison Table 1. Comparison of Dell PowerVault Disk Products PowerVault 220S
PowerVault MD1000
Form Factor
3U rack or tower
3U rack
Drive Interface
320MB/s SCSI
3.0 Gbps SAS
External Port Speed
320MB/s
12.0 Gbps (1,200MB/s)
Number of Drives
Fourteen (14) 3.5” SCSI disk drives
Fifteen (15) 3.5” SAS and/or SATA II disk drives
Disk Speeds and Capacities2
15,000 RPM SCSI
15,000 RPM SAS
36GB, 73GB, and 146GB
36GB, 73GB, and 146GB
10,000 RPM SCSI
10,000 RPM SAS
73GB, 146GB, and 300GB
73GB, 146GB, and 300GB 7,200 RPM SATA II 250GB and 500GB
Enclosure Capacity2
Up to 4,200GB with 300GB SCSI drives
Up to 7,500GB with 300GB SATA II drives
Drive Scalability
Single enclosure—totaling 14 drives—per RAID channel.
Three enclosures—totaling 45 drives—per RAID connection.
Management Software
OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Manager
Open Manage Server Administrator Storage Manager
OpenManage Array Manager Clustering
Microsoft Cluster Server
N/A
RAID Controller
PERC 3, PERC 4
PERC 5/E
RAID Levels
0, 1, 5, 10, 50
0, 1, 5, 10, 50
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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PowerEdge and PowerVault Commonality PowerVault is the storage extension of PowerEdge, and together they deliver significant total value. PowerVault products are designed and engineered for PowerEdge servers, optimized for performance and reliability, then tested and validated to enhance the user experience. Additionally, the PowerVault MD1000 is equipped with a common drive carrier that can be used on select Dell servers. To effectively manage both internal and external server-resident disk drives attached to a PowerEdge server, Dell includes Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Manager to provide a complete set of disk configuration and administrative utilities, including management of the PERC 5/E RAID controller. In addition, Storage Manager reports the status and environmental conditions of the enclosure. Dell Services are designed to simplify operations and maximize the value of IT investments, including both client and enterprise products. Services specific to the PowerVault MD1000 include Dell Installation Services, Disk Expansion Training Services, and Enterprise Support Services.
Summary Highlights •
The Dell PowerVault MD1000 delivers high performance, highly scalable SAS disk storage expansion for Dell PowerEdge 1850, 1950, 2850, 2900, 2950, 6800, and 6850 servers.
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Housing up to fifteen (15) 3.5-inch SAS or SATA II disk drives, the PowerVault MD1000 provides up to 7,500GB2 per enclosure and up to 45 drives or 22,500GB2 when three expansion enclosures are daisy-chained.
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The PowerVault MD1000 can be configured with a wide variety of drives, including 15,000 RPM 36GB2, 73GB2 and 146GB2 SAS drives, 10,000 RPM 73GB2, 146GB2, and 300GB2 SAS drives, and 7,200 RPM 250GB2 and 500GB2 SATA II drives.
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The PowerVault MD1000 supports dual Enclosure Management Modules each with a single aggregate SAS wide port to the host allowing for 12.0 Gbps bandwidth per connection.
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The PowerVault MD1000 provides availability through redundant and hotpluggable hard drives, power supplies, and cooling fan modules.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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The PowerVault MD1000 is supported on the Dell PERC 5/E RAID controller. The PERC 5/E supports RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 10, and 50 and provides high capacity RAID protection with two aggregate SAS wide connection ports and PCI Express for maximum bandwidth scalability.
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Common disk drive carriers, management software and services with PowerEdge servers helps improve serviceability and reduce spare parts inventory.
Service and Support •
Dell storage systems come with a one-year limited warranty12 supplemented with one year of standard Next Business Day on-site13 parts replacement and one year of Next Business Day on-site labor.
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Pre-Failure Alert Program for storage systems with a hard disk drive.
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7-day/24-hour Lifetime Telephone Technical Support for troubleshooting and diagnosis of Dell hardware.
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7-day/24-hour E-support services featuring extensive online support capabilities.
Dell cannot be responsible for errors in typography or photography. 12
For a complete copy of our Guarantees or Limited Warranties, please write Dell, USA, L.P., One Dell Way, Round Rock, Texas 78682. For more information, visit: http://www.dell.com/us/en/gen/misc/policy_010_policy.htm. 13
Service may be provided by third-party. Technician will be dispatched if necessary following phone-based troubleshooting. Subject to parts availability, geographical restrictions and terms of service contract. Service timing dependent upon time of day call placed to Dell. U.S. only. Dell, the Dell logo, PowerVault, and PowerEdge are trademarks of Dell Inc. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. Dell disclaims proprietary interest in the marks and names of others. © Copyright 2006 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of Dell Inc. is strictly forbidden. For more information contact Dell.
Dell Enterprise Product Group
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