Transcript
INSTALLATION MANUAL
Tower Mounted Amplifiers BTS Rx
REVISION: 1v0 Copyright (C) ……………………………………………………. This document contains information that is confidential and the property of……………………., and which is not to be communicated to any person or company, or used in any way without the previous authorisation of………………………………... Approval Name Signature Date Document No: Author Doc Rev’n No: Checked Updated:
AMENDMENT DETAILS
Document Issue 1v0
Description of Document Change
Date
Authorisation
Original Issue
All information in this manual may change without notice. Please ensure that that the equipment being installed is listed above.
The installation instructions provided in this document apply to the products listed in Table 1 on page 6.
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Table of Contents page
REVISION........................................................................................................... 1 AMENDMENT DETAILS .................................................................................... 2 1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................... About this manual.......................................................................................... 1.1 Who the manual is written for................................................................ 1.2 Safety Warnings.................................................................................... 1.3.1 Installation Team Safety ............................................................ 1.3.2 Radio Frequency Hazard ........................................................... 1.3.3 Controlling Electrostatic Discharge ............................................ 1.3.4 Working with High Voltages ....................................................... 1.3.5 Local Standards .........................................................................
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2. TMAs, DC POWER INSERTERS POWER DISTRIBUTION UNIT................ 2.1 Product Description............................................................................... 2.2 Product Identification............................................................................. 2.3 Kits for TMA, DC Inserters & Power Distribution Units.......................... 2.3.1 TMA kit....................................................................................... 2.3.2 DC Power Inserter kit................................................................. 2.3.3 Power Distribution Unit (PDU) kit ............................................... 2.4 BTS Block Diagram...............................................................................
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3. INSTALLATION............................................................................................. 9 3.1 Tools ................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Before commencing installation ............................................................ 10 3.3 Bonded earth requirement .................................................................... 10 3.4 Installation Process ............................................................................... 11 3.5 Installation Guide .................................................................................. 13 3.5.1 Mounting TMA............................................................................ 13 3.5.2 Installing DC Power Inserter ...................................................... 15 3.5.3 Installing Power Distribution Unit (PDU) .................................... 17 3.5.4 Reset Power Distribution Unit .................................................... 18 3.6 DB-25 Connector Pinout ....................................................................... 19 4. TMA INSTALLATION, OPERATIONAL STATUS &TEST AND MAINTENANCE ... 19 4.1 TMA ................................................................................................... 20 4.2 DC Power Inserter................................................................................. 20 4.3 Power Distribution Unit.......................................................................... 20 4.3.1 PDU Operation Overview........................................................... 20 4.3.2 Available Alarms ........................................................................ 21 4.3.3 User Button Operation (RESET/STORE)................................... 21 4.4 Operation Test and Analysis ................................................................. 22 4.5 Maintenance and Additional TMAs ....................................................... 23 5. PRODUCT SUPPORT .................................................................................. 23 3
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 About this manual This manual has been written to provide installation teams with instruction on the preferred methods to be followed while installing the selected TMAs, and associated equipment, within the BTS site environment. The general description section introduces the purpose of the items to be installed, how to identify them, where they fit within the BTS infrastructure and a list of special tools need during the installation process. The installation section provides both descriptive and visual guidance of the installation activities for all components. The test and maintenance section provides instruction on the correct working indications provided by the equipment operation of system controls and relevant maintenance processes. 1.2 Who the manual is written for This manual has been prepared to be used by qualified installation team members having responsibility for the correct installation, testing and maintenance of TMAs and associated equipment within the BTS site environment. 1.3 Safety Warnings 1.2.1 Installation team safety All installation activities performed within the BTS environment must be carried out in compliance with the safety instructions supplied with the BTS. 1.3.2 Radio Frequency Hazard
WARNING This equipment is designed for use in association with high power radio frequency (RF) radiating systems. Installation & Maintenance personnel are reminded that proper precautions must be taken to minimise exposure to these RF fields to the recommended limits.
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1.3.3 Controlling Electrostatic Discharge
CAUTION This equipment contains static sensitive devices and therefore ESD (electro-static discharge) precautions must be observed when handling or working with any of the modules or subassemblies described herein.
1.3.4 Working with High Voltages
WARNING This equipment is designed for use in association with equipment that may generate high voltages. Installation & Maintenance personnel are reminded that proper precautions must be taken when working with this equipment.
1.3.5 Local Standards Local standard authority warnings and precautions must be observed at all times.
2. TMAs, PDUs and DC INSERTERS 2.1 Product Description TMA is an outdoor Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) that is mounted as close as practical to the Receive (RX) antenna of a cellular Base Station (BTS). Its purpose is to improve the sensitivity of the BTS receiver system in order to maximise the coverage of the cell the RX antenna is associated with. The quality of the installation is crucial to the resulting performance of the Rx system and requires that the installation information provided here be followed closely. The TMA accessories include a Power Distribution Unit (PDU) that is to be installed in the BTS equipment shelter. It takes 48VDC or 24VDC from the BTS, depending on the model supplied, and feeds this as 11.5VDC to the DC inserter. It also provides TMA on/off control and reports on the status of the TMA via front panel LEDs and a DB-25 connector to the BTS alarm panel. The DC Inserter is fitted in series with the BTS uplink (Rx) coaxial cable. This device feeds the 11.5VDC from the PDU to the TMA via the coaxial cable.
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Identifies the product by part number and design revision
2.2 Product Identification All major components will have the following label.
The bar code provides manufacturing batch identification information. Also provides product part number, design revision and serial number,
Product serial number
The following tables cover the range of possible TMAs and accessories that may be selected for installation, by part number. Number CA457V4 CA482V3 CA915V1 CA968V1 CA979F1V1 CA980V1 CA982F1V1 CA983F1V1 Number
Description TMAs CDMA800/TDMA/AMPS Single TMLNA (10MHz tuneable band) CDMA800/TDMA/AMPS Dual Duplexed Single TMA CDMA800/TDMA/AMPS Dual Duplexed, Full Band, Single TMA GSM1800/DCS, Full Band, Single TMA UMTS2100 Dual Duplexed, Full Band, Twin TMA GSM900 Dual Duplexed, Full Band, Single TMA GSM1800/DCS Dual Duplexed, Full Band, Twin TMA GSM1900/TDMA/CDMA Dual Duplexed, Full Band, Twin TMA
CA239F1V1 CA239F2V1 CA239F1V2 CA239F2V2 CA239F1V3 CA239F1V4 CA239F2V5 CA239F1V7
Description DC Inserters/Bias Tee DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter DC Power Inserter
Number
Description
CA484V2 CA484V3 CA484V4 CA484V5 CA484V6 CA484V7
Power Feed Unit (PRU) / Alarm and Distribution 6 way LNA DC distribution and Alarm Unit 6 way LNA DC distribution and Alarm Unit 6 way LNA DC distribution and Alarm Unit 6 way LNA DC distribution and Alarm Unit 6 way LNA DC distribution and Alarm Unit 6 way LNA DC distribution and Alarm Unit
Table 1
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2.3 Kits for TMA, DC Inserters & Power Distribution Units 2.3.1 TMA kit The TMA is designed to be pole mounted or fitted to a flat surface (wall) as close as possible to the associated Rx antenna. Each TMA comes with a pair of mounting brackets that need to be fitted before installation. These accommodate both wall and pole mounting requirements. Included with the each TMA is 1 x TMA 2 x Mounting brackets 1 x Template for drilling fixing bolt holes (used when wall mounting TMA) 2 x stainless steel clamps
caxxxx
Wall Mount Fixing Hole Template
TMA
Stainless Steel Pole Mount Clamps
Mounting Brackets Each template is unique to a specific TMA. This Part Number must match the TMA to be installed.
2.3.2 DC Power Inserter kit Each DC Power Inserter Kit includes 1 x DC Power Inserter 1 x 3m DC to DC cable fitted with male Molex connectors at each end.
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2.3.3 Power Distribution Unit (PDU) kit Each PDU kit includes 1 x PDU supporting up to 6 independent DC Inserter connections 1 x DB-25 male solder connector and back shell (no cable) 1 x 3m CD cable with Molex connector fitted at the PDU end and open wire at the other.
Power Distribution Unit
3 metre cable DB25 male solder connector and back shell
2.4 BTS Block Diagram Figure 1a is the simplified block diagram of one of the RX paths for a single BTS sector. Here the significant components are the BTS equipment, the Rx antenna and the feeder coaxial cable connecting these two. Figure 1b is the same block diagram with the TMA and associated accessories added. The original RX signal path is interrupted at the mast head where the TMA is installed as close to the antenna as possible. It is also interrupted inside the BTS equipment shelter where the DC Power Inserter is fitted between the BTS Rx connector and the antenna feeder cable. The DC Power Inserter is required to connect DC power to the TMA while maintaining the integrity of the Rx signal path to the BTS. In addition, the DC Power inserter provides a control signal path to the TMA allowing delivery of TMA status parameters to the BTS alarm status monitor. The Power Distribution Unit (PDU) is installed between the DC power Inserter and the BTS equipment. This unit is located in the BTS shelter and is the control interface for the distribution of DC power from the BTS to each TMA. It is also the interface for gathering alarm status from the TMAs before passing this on to the BTS alarm panel.
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TMA is mounted as close as practical to the Rx antenna
DC Power Inserter. Installed in cable tray or on top of the BTS cabinet. Takes 11.5VDC from PDU and inserts it on the BTS uplink feeder coaxial cable.
Power Distribution Unit. Mounts in BTS equipment shelter. Take 24VDC or 48VDC from BTS equipment out puts 11.5VDC to 6 x DC Power Inserters.
PDU
BTS Equipment
BTS sector without TMA installed Figure 1 (a)
BTS Equipment
24/48VDC
Summary alarms to BTS equipment or Alarm Panel
BTS sector with TMA installed Figure 1 (b)
3. INSTALLATION
WARNING This equipment is designed for use in association with high power radio frequency (RF) radiating systems. Installation & Maintenance personnel are reminded that proper precautions must be taken to minimise exposure to these RF fields to the recommended limits.
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3.1 Tools
Tools include: Torx key to fit mounting brackets Screw driver (-) Torque Wrench for tightening connectors Eyelet for earth cable Water proof sealing tape
3.2 Before commencing Installation
UNPACKING Ensure that the total number of boxes of equipment is checked off against the delivery documentation. At the same time inspect for any obvious transit damage. Should any damage be noted, notify the carrier immediately to file a transit damage claim. Do not discard any packing material until notified by the carrier. Carefully unpack all containers and check that all items listed on the delivery documentation. Please notify the supplier of any damaged or missing items from the shipment.
3.3 Bonded Earth requirement All products incorporate lightning surge protection. For this circuitry to be effective these must be properly connected to the bonded BTS station earth. It is considered that this is standard practice for any equipment being installed within the BTS environment and therefore it is left up to the installation team to supply and fit in accordance with the conforming standards and practices of the industry.
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3.4 Installation Process There is no mandatory sequence for the physical installation of any of the major TMA components therefore the order recommended here is suggested as a guide only (Steps 2, 3 &4) Following this process will ensure that all items are correctly located, interconnected and tested for correct operation.
Step 1. Close down the BTS cell. Isolate the power source and make the site safe.
Any order
Step 2 Physically fix TMA to the tower or wall as required.
Step 3 Physically locate DC Inserter.
Step 4 Physically locate PDU inside the BTS shelter.
Step 5. Connect feeder cables TMA to Antenna TMA to DC Inserter DC Inserter to TMA DC Inserter to BTS Manufacture and connect earth straps to both TMA & DC Inserter
Step 6. Connect power and control cables. Connect DC power from BTS to PDU. Connect each DC Inserter to a separate DC supply from the PDU and note the relationship. Manufacture and connect alarm cable between PDU and BTS or Station alarm panel, as required. Manufacture and connect PDU earth strap.
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Step 7 Check/Review all feeder, DC power & earth connections for correct termination. Correct any errors.
Step 8 Check area is safe and power up the cell
Correct or replace suspect component
Step 9 Reset the PDU
Close down the BTS cell and isolate area
Step 10 Test the cell performance
no Check supply voltages, determine area at fault
System OK
yes
Installation Complete
Blue high lighted and underlined steps above, are presented visually in the following installation guide.
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3.5 Installation guide Horizontal line of top fixing holes
3.5.1 Mounting TMA Wall Mounting TMA (Step 2) 1. Determine the approximate fixing location for the TMA. Using a spirit level, mark a line on the wall that will be the horizontal centre line of the top two fixing holes of the TMA mounting bracket.
2. Place the supplied mounting template over the line on the wall so that the horizontal centre line of the top two holes on the template line up with the line marked on the wall (1. above). Temporarily fix template in position with suitable adhesive tape.
Alignment of horizontal centrelines
Mark the centres of the 4 fixing holes through the template. Remove template drill fixing holes. 3. Using suitable bolts, fix the TMA to the wall through the mounting holes of the TMA mounting brackets
Wall mount fixing holes
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Pole Mounting TMA (Step 2) 1. Fit the mounting brackets to the TMA using the supplied fittings and a torx tool. 2. Insert a screw clamp through the holes provided on both brackets attached to the TMA.
3. Position the TMA on the pole in the appropriate position. Feed the loose end of the clamp, round the antenna pole, through the screw buckle and tighten the clamp with a screw driver.
Connect Feeder Cables and Earth Straps to TMA (Step 5) 1. Connect the site bonded earth to the earth stud on the TMA.
2. Connect feeder cables to the TMA.
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3. Tighten the feeder cable connector using the appropriate torque wrench.
4. Adequately seal each connector joint with waterproof tape
3.5.2
Installing DC Power Inserter
(Step 3) 1. Fit DC Inserter between the BTS Rx input connector and the feeder cable connecting the BTS to the TMA. This can be achieved either in the cable tray or by direct connection to the BTS as shown here. 2. Ensure that the DC Inserter is effectively connected to the BTS site bonded earth. 3. Plug in one end of the power cable and connect other to the PDU. See 3.5.3/5.
Feeder cable
DC power from PDU
(Step 5) Bonded earth lug 15
PDU and DC Inserter interconnection drawing Figure 2 16
3.5.3
Installing Power Distribution Unit (PDU)
(Step 4) 1. Install the PDU in a suitable location within the BTS shelter. This is generally a standard equipment rack. Connect Alarm and DC cables (Step 6) 1. Connect PDU to station earth.
2. Using Figure 3 & table 2 (section 3.6), determine the alarm requirement and assemble the alarm cable by soldering the cable wires to the selected pins of the DB25 male connecter supplied with the PDU.
3. Connect alarm cable to the BTS or station alarm panel. Fit the other end to the station alarm panel or BTS alarm interface
4. Connect each installed DC Inserter power cable to a DC outlet on the front of the PDU.
Power Distribution Unit
5. Terminate the supplied PDU power cable at the BTU or station power source and connect the Molex connector end to the DC power inlet socket of the PDU.
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Reset Power Distribution Unit (Step 9) 1. Reset the PDU by pressing the red button on the front panel. The result should be a. a green LED for a working TMA, b. a red LED for a failed TMA, c. orange for a PDU outlet where no DC Inserter/TMA is connected.
Orange LED, no TMA load
Reset Button
LED green, TMA components OK LED red, TMA components Failed
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3.6
DB-25 Conector Pinout
Figure 3. PDU Alarm Connector pinout
Alarm name
Summary TMA 1 TMA 2 TMA 3 TMA 4 TMA 5 TMA 6
State OK (unalarm); relay is energized Short Open circuited circuited pins pins 1~16 1~14 4~5 4~17 16~19 16~6 20~21 20~8 9~10 9~22 23~24 23~11 12~13 12~25
State NOK (Alarm); relay is de-energized Open Short circuited pins circuited pins 1~16 1~14 4~5 4~17 16~19 16~6 20~21 20~8 9~10 9~22 23~24 23~11 12~13 12~25
Table 21. DB-25 Pin connection vs Alarm Status
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TMA INSTALLATION OPERATIONAL STATUS, TEST AND MAINTENANCE There are no variable adjustments with any of the Installed products. • TMA • DC Power Inserter • Power Distribution Unit The following general understanding is required when assessing the working condition of the installation.
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4.1 TMA The TMA will be switched out of circuit when no power is applied to it via the DC Inserter. Removing the Molex connector from the appropriate connector on the front panel of the PDU will place the TMA in by-pass mode.
4.2 DC Power Inserter The DC Power Inserter is a passive device and hence highly reliable. If the green LED is lit then DC volts will be placed on to the BTS Rx feeder coaxial cable. 4.3 Power Distribution Unit. The front panel of this unit and the BTS Alarm panel is where the health of the TMAs will be monitored. The following information is provided to help with any TMA system diagnosis: 4.3.1
•
•
•
PDU Operation Overview
There are seven multicolour LEDs on the front panel. These LEDs convey the state of all the channels as well as the DC input to the unit. The status indicators can be in four separate states. GREEN Device is operating normally. In this state the channel is powered and monitored as it is included in the “channel list”. The channel list is the internal PDU list of channels selected (LED green after RESET is pressed). ORANGE No load was detected after RESET / STORE; the channel power has been switched off as a result. Orange means that no voltage is available at the output, but that the channel is available for use. The channel becomes used if a good load is connected and RESET is pressed. At this time, the LED colour will become GREEN. A channel is assumed to be unloaded if it draws less than 10mA. RED A fault has been detected. In this state the channel power is removed (TMA is switched to by-pass mode), the alarm relay relating to the channel is activated, and the summary alarm is activated and latched. This is occurs if TMA operation current is outside the alarm detection current window for two samples, two seconds apart. To change this LED status, the user must remove the fault condition and toggle the DCV input power off and on. If a fault persists after toggling the power (eg short circuit, open circuit, under-current or over-current), the LED will be red; if the fault was removed it will be green.
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• •
Alternatively, if the fault is removed – the load is made good – and the RESET button is pressed, the latched fault will be cleared, the channel will be re-scanned, with consequent inclusion in the channel list, and the channel will remain ON, with the LED green. OFF Channel has been made unavailable for use during factory programming. POWER LED normal correct operation is indicated by GREEN for most of the time, switching off very briefly every few seconds ( slow heart beat). A RED condition on the power LED indicates low voltage. However, this state is not latched – a recovery of normal voltage will remove the alarm state. Note: When the unit is powered on, a brief lamp test is first performed. During this test all the LEDs are switched through their colours, so the user can check that all status colours are functioning. 4.3.2 Available Alarms There are seven alarm outputs that are available via built in relay contacts. These alarm outputs are active in the un-energized state. This allows an alarm to be expressed in the event of power failure. Both C~NC and C~NO are available at the choice of the user. However, it is assumed that C~NC shorted will be the normal expression of an alarm. Connections to the alarm contacts are made through a female DB-25 connector on the front panel. With power ON the only case in which a relay is de-energized is when the channel has failed (LED = RED). 4.3.3 User Button Operation (RESET / STORE) When the RESET/STORE button is pressed the unit activates all the channels and searches for the presence of connected TMAs. At this time it also clears any latched alarms. If a device is found (minimum current < actual current < maximum current) it is inserted into the alarm detection loop. Channels present in the alarm loop are continually checked for correct operation thereafter. The programmed state of the PDU is non-volatile. Power failure and power recovery will not cause disabled channels to be re-scanned. Depression of the user button when a valid load is connected (TMA), is the only way by which each output can be enabled.
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4.4 Operation Tests and Analysis Operation status of the TMA system is quickly checked by the following guidelines below;
Condition
Action
All TMAs fail. Check PDU power on LED. If slow BTS coverage for all sectors having flashing Green, check DC output TMAs, deteriorates. LEDs as per 4.3.1 above. BER increased. If PDU power on LED is RED or out check loaded DCV to PDU from BTS source. IF source DCV is OK and Power on LED is not on, check PDU fuse. If blown, replace PDU and return faulty unit to supplier for repair. One TMA Fails. Should see coinciding RED channel BTS coverage for corresponding LED on PDU. If this is the case sector deteriorates. replace TMA and return faulty unit to supplier for repair. If there is any doubt about the TMA working status, carry out the following; Confirm power is reaching the associated DC Power Inserter. If not replace or repair the associated DC cable connecting this device to the PDU. Confirm the status of the PDU channel showing the failure by swapping in a known working TMA circuit. If this System fails then the PDU should be replaced.
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4.5
Maintenance and Additional TMAs.
Should an alarm occur the root cause should be determined as soon as possible. If, for versions of PDUs with redundant power supplies, a DC-DC converter fails, then all power will be sourced from the remaining DC-DC converter. Continued operation in this mode reduce component lifetime (especially if the operating temperature is above 50C). The PDU should be replaced as soon as possible after the failure and returned to the supplier for repair. The PDU should be kept clean and dust-free. If the fuse fails the unit should be returned to the supplier; there are no userserviceable parts inside. Network enhancements demanding that additional TMAs be added are accommodated by connecting the TMA DCV circuit to unused channel outputs of the PDU and following the procedure of section 4.3.3 above.
5.
PRODUCT SUPPORT Please contact your local office for all support enquires.
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