Transcript
Based on the Instructions to Authors by SPRINGER, September 2008
!"#$%&'$()"#*$)*+&$,)%#*
*
*
*
**
* Sept.!"##$!
! %&'()*+,!-*)./0,* 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111112! 30+(4'56.,!7(8)6446&+!,&!7.56+9*5 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111112! :56,6+9!;&(5!-*<, 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"! =*0>6+94!0+>!-08/*!&?!@&+,*+,411111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"! A84,50', 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"! -*'B+6'0/!-*5)4C!A885*D60,6&+411111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111E! -08/*4 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111E! FG(0,6&+4 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111E! H6,*50/!-*<, 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I! J*?*5*+'*4 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I! 7&(5'*4 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111K! L+>*<11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111M! N69(5*4!0+>!L//(4,50,6&+!%0,0 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111M! @B*'O/64,11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P!
! -)'&./"$*0/.123$/* -&!B*/.!Q&(!>&!Q&(5!R&5OC!0!>&'()*+,!,*)./0,*!B04!8**+!.5*.05*>!8Q!7.56+9*5!?&5!(4*! R6,B!"#$%!&'''!#$!&''()!S5*>*?6+*>!4,Q/*!?&5)0,4!05*!0D06/08/*!?&5!0//!,B*!+*'*4405Q! 4,5(',(5*4! ,B0,! 05*! 4(..&4*>! ,&! 8*! .05,! &?! ,B*! )0+(4'56.,C! 0+>! ,B*4*! ?&5)0,4! '0+! 8*! G(6'O/Q!0''*44*>!D60!B&,O*Q4!&5!4.*'60/!,&&/80541! L?!Q&(!R64B!,&!'5*0,*!,B*!?6+0/!.09*!/0Q&(,!6+!H0-*TC!./*04*!5*?*5!,&!,B*!5*4.*',6D*!6+U 4,5(',6&+4!0+>!)0'5&!.0'O09*4!&+!&(5!B&)*.09*1! 43"'%(1$*5&6.(##()"*$)*51%("7/%* •! -&!4(8)6,!Q&(5!?6/*4C!./*04*!(4*!0!*+,-./1! •! A/,*5+0,6D*/QC! Q&(! '0+! (4*! &(5! 012! 4*5D*5! V6?! Q&(! R64B! ,&! >&! 4&C! ./*04*! '&+,0',! 7.56+9*5!?&5!?(5,B*5!6+?&5)0,6&+W1! •! 70D*! *0'B! 'B0.,*5! &5! '&+,568(,6&+C! 6+'/(>6+9! ,B*! 0''&).0+Q6+9! 5*?*5*+'*4C! ?69(5*! /*9*+>4C!0+>!,08/*4C!6+!0!4*.050,*!?6/*!6+!,R&!?&5)0,4X!%#3!0+>!$45Y!>&!+&,!4(8)6,!>&'!0>>6,6&+0//Q!8*!4(8)6,,*>!04!6%5!?6/*!R6,B!0//!,B*!?&+,4! *)8*>>*>C!*4.*'60//Q!6?!,*<,!&5!?69(5*4!'&+,06+!4.*'60/!'B050',*54!&5!(+(4(0/!?&+,41!! •! Z6D*! *0'B! 6+>6D6>(0/! ?6/*! Q&(5! &R+! +0)*! V&5! 0+!0885*D60,6&+WC!,B*!'B0.,*5!+()8*5C! 0+>!,B*!?&5)0,!4(??6&'!&5!36//*5E15,?! •! 70D*!,B*!?69(5*4!4*.050,*/Q1! •! S/*04*!*+'/&4*!0!/64,!&?!0//!,B*!?6/*4!R6,B!Q&(5!4(8)6446&+1!! •! [**.!.*54&+0/!'&.6*4!&?!,B*!?6/*41!
"!!!!!!L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!
8%($("7*9)&%*0/:$* •! S/*04*!(4*!&(5!"#$%!47869:47!,&!.5*.05*!Q&(5!,*<,1!A//!,B*!+*'*4405Q!?&5)0,,6+9!64! 0/5*0>Q!.5*4*,!6+!,B*!,*)./0,*1! •! ;&(! '0+! 8046'0//Q! (4*! 0//! ,B*! ?(+',6&+4! 6+! "#$%C! .05,6'(/05/Q! >64./0Q*>! /64,4C! ,Q.*! 4,Q/*4!4('B!04!;#9%!&5!"#$%"&'C!,B*!6+>*<6+9!?(+',6&+C!0+>!,B*!?&&,+&,*!?(+',6&+1! •! \+/Q!(4*!,B*!5*,(5+!O*Q!0,!,B*!*+>!&?!0!.050950.B!&5!0?,*5!B*0>6+94C!>64./0Q*>!/64,4C! 0+>!,B*!/6O*1!%&!+&,!6+4*5,!)0+(0/!BQ.B*+0,6&+!0+>!>&!+&,!(4*!?&5)0,4!4('B!04!?50)U 6+9C!'*+,*56+9C!&5!4B0>6+91! 1<67! •! ]4*!0!46+9/*!8:=>!5#>4!?&5!,B*!*+,65*!,*<,1!:*!5*'&))*+>!(")*'!+,)$-1! •! N&5!?673=:9!3@:$:347$?C!./*04*!(4*!./)0,%!&5!12"$%!3-"&,4*1! A86@:?=?! •! L+!5(++6+9!,*<,C!./*04*!4*,!*).B046^*>!R&5>4!&5!.B504*4!6+!"#$%"&!,Q.*1! •! ;&(!'0+!(4*!B6$=>C7$D?!%#3E87>4!47869:47!,&!)05O!4*+,*+'*4!&5!.04409*4!,&!8*!96U D*+!?673=:9!786@:?=?!0+>!G(&,0,6&+4!&5!'04*!5*.&5,4!,B0,!05*!,&!8*!4*,!6+!?8:99!4<671! F7>C4@! •! S/*04*!O**.!,&!,B*!)0+(4'56.,!/*+9,B!095**>!&+!R6,B!,B*!.(8/64B*51!! ;/3<("7#*3"<*0362/*)=*>)"$/"$#* •! A!R*//U4,5(',(5*>!,*<,!0+>!)*0+6+9?(/!B*0>6+94!)0O*!6,!*046*5!?&5!,B*!5*0>*5!,&!9*,!0! 9*+*50/!6>*0!&?!,B*!,*<,1! •! S/*04*!(4*!,B*!>*'6)0/!4Q4,*)!&?!B*0>6+94!R6,B!+&!)&5*!,B0+!?&(5!/*D*/41! 2! @B0.,*5! 212! 7*',6&+! 21212! 7(84*',6&+! 2121212! 7(8U7(84*',6&+! •! A>>6,6&+0/! /*D*/4! &?! (++()8*5*>! B*0>6+94! '0+! 8*! )05O*>! (46+9! B6$=>C7$D?! %#3E, 87>4!47869:471! •! S/*04*!/64,!&+/Q!,B*!,&.!,B5**!/*D*/4!&?!B*0>6+94!6+!,B*!4:;97!#5!3#>47>4?1! •! L+!3$#??,$757$7>37?C!./*04*!96D*!,B*!'B0.,*5!&5!4*',6&+!+()8*5!V*191C!4**!7*',1!E1_12W1! +6#$%3'$* F0'B!'B0.,*5!4B&(/>!8*!.5*'*>*>!8Q!0+!084,50',!V2#`2_!/6+*4!/&+9W!,B0,!4())056^*4!,B*! '&+,*+,1! -B*! 084,50',! R6//! 0..*05! &+/6+*! 0,! 7.56+9*5H6+O! 0+>! 8*! 0D06/08/*! R6,B! (+5*U 4,56',*>! 0''*441! -B64! 0//&R4! (+5*964,*5*>! (4*54! ,&! 5*0>! ,B*! 084,50',! 04! 0! ,*04*5! ?&5! ,B*! '&)./*,*!'B0.,*51!L,!R6//!&+/Q!0..*05!6+!,B*!.56+,*>!*>6,6&+!6?!,B64!64!,B*!4,Q/*!&?!,B*!.05U ,6'(/05!8&&O1!
L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!!!!!!E!
0/',"('32*0/%.#?*+66%/@(3$()"#* •! F+4(5*!,B0,!,B*!?6799=>C!&?!+0)*4C!,*5)4C!0+>!0885*D60,6&+4!64!3#>?=?47>4C!6+'/(>6+9! 6+!,08/*4!0+>!?69(5*!/*9*+>41! •! G;;$7H=:4=#>?I!*<'*.,!?&5!D*5Q!'&))&+/Q!&+*4C!)(4,!8*!>*?6+*>!,B*!?654,!,6)*!,B*Q! 05*!(4*>!0+>!0!/64,!4(../6*>!R6,B!,B*!)0+(4'56.,1! •! S/*04*!0/R0Q4!(4*!6+,*5+0,6&+0//Q!0''*.,*>!469+4!0+>!4Q)8&/4!?&5!E>=4?C!4&U'0//*>!7L! (+6,41!! •! *@78=3:9! 3#86#E>%?! 4B&(/>! 8*! +0)*>! 0''&5>6+9! ,&! ,B*! 4Q4,*)0,6'! 5(/*4! &?! ,B*! L]SA@!&5!@B*)6'0/!A84,50',41! S/*04*!0/4&!+&,*!,B*!?&//&R6+9X! •! 7.*'6*4!0+>!9*+(4!+0)*4C!)0,B*)0,6'0/a.BQ46'0/!D05608/*4C!0+>!.5*?6<*4!6+!'B*)6'0/! '&).&(+>4! 4B&(/>! 8*! 4*,! 6+! "#$%"&! ,Q.*! V&"'5#2$-'6! 45%6! 7586! ,5)596! +5.6! #:b(C! #*2#: 8(,Q/W1! •! H!0+>!%!6+>6'0,6+9!&.,6'0/!0',6D6,Q!4B&(/>!8*!4*,!6+!73AHH!@ASL-AH7!V%U!0+>!HU>&.0W1! 0362/#* •! c()8*5!,B*!,08/*4!'&+4*'(,6D*/Q!(46+9!,B*!'B0.,*5!+()8*5!V*191C!-08/*!212W!0+>!*+U 4(5*!,B0,!0//!,B*!,08/*4!05*!'6,*>!6+!,B*!,*<,!6+!,B*!'&55*',!&5>*51! •! Z6D*!*0'B!,08/*!0!@7:%=>C1! •! -&!?&5)0,!,B*!,08/*!'&/()+4C!(4*!,B*!4:;97!5E>34=#>1! •! %&!>#4!(4*!,B*!4.0'*!805!,&!4*.050,*!'&/()+4C!0+>!>&!>#4!(4*!F<'*/!,&!'5*0,*!,08/*41! •! L?!0!,08/*!'*//!64!,&!8*!/*?,!*).,QC!./*04*!,Q.*!0!BQ.B*+!V!U!W!6+!6,1! •! S/*04*!>&!+&,!,5*0,!46)./*C!#>7,3#9E8>!9=?4?!04!,08/*4C!8(,!6+4,*0>!4*,!,B*)!04!.05,!&?! ,B*!5(++6+9!,*<,1!]4*!,B*!>64./0Q*>!/64,!?(+',6&+!6+4,*0>1! •! 70D*!,B*!,08/*4!6+!,B*!40)*!?6/*!04!,B*!,*<,C!5*?*5*+'*4C!0+>!?69(5*!/*9*+>41! AB&3$()"#* •! FG(0,6&+4!&?!,B*!,Q.*!0"d8"e'"!'0+!8*!R56,,*+!04!+&5)0/!,*<,1! •! N&5! 0//! &,B*5! *G(0,6&+4C! ./*04*! (4*! 30,B-Q.*! &5! ,B*! 36'5&4&?,! *G(0,6&+! *>6,&5C! 0+>! 6+4*5,!,B*!950.B6'!6+,&!Q&(5!,*<,!?6/*!04!0+!&8f*',1!S5*.05*!,B*!RB&/*!*G(0,6&+!6+!,B64! R0Q!0+>!+&,!f(4,!.05,!&?!6,1!! ;,#*! "##MC! >&! +&,! '5*0,*! ,B*! *G(0,6&+4! R6,B! ,B*! >*?0(/,! *G(0,6&+! *>6,&51!]4*!30,B-Q.*!&5!,B*!.5*D6&(4!*G(0,6&+!*>6,&5!6+4,*0>!RB6'B!'0+!8*!0''*44*>! D60!!=-'*2#!>0?*&,!?5&)!,B*!=-'*2#!5688&+1!! •! S/*04*!*+4(5*!,B*!>6??*5*+,!4,Q/*4!05*!>*?6+*>!6+!,B*!.5&950)!6,4*/?X! 7,Q/*! -*<,! N(+',6&+! g05608/*! H1@1Z5**O! ]1@1Z5**O! 7Q)8&/! g*',&5U30,56! ! ! ! ! ! ! "! !
L,0/6'! ! ! "! "! ! ! ! !
I!!!!!!L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!
•! :B*+!*+,*56+9!Q&(5!*G(0,6&+C!4*/*',!,B*!0..5&.560,*!4,Q/*!?&5!*0'B!'B050',*5!?5&)!,B*! )*+(1! %&! +&,! 'B0+9*! ,B*! 4,Q/*! 4*,,6+94! 6+! .#/%*5@*A"-*1! h30,Bh! 6+! ,B*! 7,Q/*! 3*+(! '&D*54!,B*!*+,56*4!iN(+',6&+jC!ig05608/*j!0+>!ic()8*5jY!,B*!.5&950)!R6//!0(,&)0,6U '0//Q!4,Q/*!,B*!'B050',*5!0''&5>6+9!,&!&+*!&?!,B*4*!4,Q/*41! •! %&!+&,!6+4*5,!,B*!*G(0,6&+!+()8*5!?5&)!,B*!*G(0,6&+4!*>6,&51! •! S/*04*! >&! +&,! 6+4*5,! 4Q)8&/4! &5! 4.*'60/! 'B050',*54! ,B0,! 05*! +&,! .05,! &?! *G(0,6&+4! 04! 950.B6'4!&5!(46+9!,B*!?&5)(/0!*>6,&5!6?!,B*Q!05*!0D06/08/*!04!./)0,%!&5!3-"&,4*!?&+,41! •! N&5)(/04a*G(0,6&+4!05*!+()8*5*>!'B0.,*5R64*1!-B*!?&5)(/0!+()8*5!64!96D*+!6+!.0U 5*+,B*4*4!04!569B,!0/69+*>!,*<,!+*<,!,&!,B*!?&5)(/0! !!!!V0d8W"!e!0"d"08d8"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!VE12W! •! L?!,B*!*G(0,6&+!64!.05,!&?!0!4*+,*+'*C!,B*!*G(0,6&+!6,4*/?!4B&(/>!*+>!R6,B!0!.(+',(0,6&+! )05O!V+&,!0?,*5!,B*!*G(0,6&+!+()8*5W1! C($/%32*0/:$* L+!&5>*5!,&!>64,6+9(64B!,B*!/6,*50/!,*<,!&?!'&).(,*5!.5&950)4!?5&)!5(++6+9!,*<,C!R*!5*'U &))*+>!(46+9!0!?&+,!4('B!04!12"$%!&5!B*%C*#"&$1!! L?!Q&(!+**>!0!?&+,!?&5!Q&(5!.5&950)4!6+! RB6'B!*D*5Q!'B050',*5!B04!,B*!40)*!R6>,BC! ./*04*!(4*!D,E2"*21! D/=/%/"'/#* -757$7>37?!)0Q!8*!'6,*>!6+!,B*!,*<,!6+!,R&!>6??*5*+,!R0Q4X! •! A(,B&5!+0)*a4!0+>!Q*05!&?!.(8/6'0,6&+!6+!.05*+,B*4*4X! &+*!0(,B&5X!V36//*5!2PP2WC! ,R&!0(,B&54X!V36//*5!0+>!7)6,B!2PPIWC! ,B5**!0(,B&54!&5!)&5*X!V36//*5!*,!0/1!2PP_WY! •! J*?*5*+'*! +()8*54! 6+! 4G(05*! 850'O*,4! *6,B*5! 4*G(*+,60/! 8Q! '6,0,6&+! &5! 0''&5>6+9! ,&! ,B*!4*G(*+'*!6+!0+!0/.B08*,6^*>!/64,X! kEC!MC!2"l1! F0'B!'B0.,*5!4B&(/>!'&+,06+!0!$757$7>37!9=?4!&?!6,4!&R+1!F+,56*4!6+!,B*!/64,!)(4,!8*!/64,*>! 0/.B08*,6'0//Q! *<'*.,! 6+! ,B*! +()8*5*>! 4Q4,*)! &?! 4*G(*+,60/! '6,0,6&+1! -B*! 5(/*4! ?&5! 0/U .B08*,6^0,6&+!05*X! •! ?654,C!0//!R&5O4!8Q!,B*!0(,B&5!0/&+*C!&5>*5*>!'B5&+&/&96'0//Q!8Q!Q*05!&?!.(8/6'0,6&+C! •! +*<,C!0//!R&5O4!8Q!,B*!0(,B&5!R6,B!0!'&0(,B&5C!&5>*5*>!0/.B08*,6'0//Q!8Q!'&0(,B&5C! •! ?6+0//QC! 0//! R&5O4! 8Q! ,B*! 0(,B&5! R6,B! 4*D*50/! '&0(,B&54C! &5>*5*>! 'B5&+&/&96'0//Q! 8Q! Q*05!&?!.(8/6'0,6&+1! -B*!$757$7>37!9=?4!?4<97!>*.*+>4!&+!,B*!4(8f*',!&?!Q&(5!8&&O1!S/*04*!5*?*5!,&!,B*!6+U ?&5)0,6&+!8*/&R!0+>!04O!Q&(5!7.56+9*5!'&+,0',!6?!Q&(!05*!+&,!4(5*!RB6'B!4,Q/*!4B&(/>! 8*!(4*>1!
L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!!!!!!_! !"#$%$&"'()$*+"#$%$&"'(,$-"(.%$"&%"/'(01"+$/234'(5"*/%$"&%"/'(0*+672"3( .%$"&%"'(8&9$&""3$&9'(8%*&*+$%/(
J#E$>:9!:$4=397! 7)6,B!mC!m&+*4!3!m5C!=&(9B,&+!H!*,!0/!V2PPPW!N(,(5*!&?!B*0/,B!6+4(50+'*1!c!F+9/!m!3*>! PK_XE"_`E"P!! J#E$>:9!:$4=397!#>9Q45*9(/0,*>! 'Q,&O6+*!.5&>('U ,6&+1!m!3&/!3*>1!>&6X2#12##Ma4##2#P#####$K! L##M! 7&(,B!mC!b/044!b!V"##2W!-B*!?(,(5*!&?!)&>*5+!9*+&)6'41!b/0'OR*//C!H&+>&+! L##M!3@:647$! b5&R+!bC!A05&+!3!V"##2W!-B*!.&/6,6'4!&?!+0,(5*1!L+X!7)6,B!m!V*>W!-B*!564*!&?!)&>*5+! 9*+&)6'4C!E5>!*>+1!:6/*QC!c*R!;&5O! .>9=>7!%#3E87>4!N>#!+.K!:H:=9:;97O! 3054B0//!-ZC!3054B0//!NF!V"##EW!c*R!,5*0,)*+,4!*)*59*!04!405'&6>&464!Q6*/>4!(.!6,4! 4*'5*,41!@/6+3*>!c*,S56+,41!B,,.Xaa'/6+)*>1+*,.56+,41&59a'96a'&+,*+,a?(//a"##E#2###2D21! A''*44*>!"I!m(+*!"##I! S/*04*!>&!>#4!.(,!'&))04!8*,R**+!+0)*4!0+>!6+6,60/4C!0+>!>&!>#4!.(,!.*56&>4!0?,*5! 6+6,60/4!&5!0885*D60,6&+41! A/R0Q4!(4*!,B*!4,0+>05>!:;;$7H=:4=#>!&?!0!f&(5+0/n4!+0)*!0''&5>6+9!,&!,B*!L77c!F"'#! ,A!("#%*!G,24!1002*C"$#",-'C!4**!B,,.XaaRRR1644+1&59a"U""KK2UH-:AU&+/6+*1.B.1!! !:21"+:2$%/'(;14/$%/'(.2:2$/2$%/(
J#E$>:9!:$4=397! =0)8(59*5C!@1X!o(046)&+&,&+6'6,QC!5*9(/056,Q!0+>!>(0/6,Q!?&5!+&+/6+*05!4Q4,*)4!&?!.05U ,60/!>6??*5*+,60/!*G(0,6&+41!A++1!30,1!S(501!A../)!PQRC!E"2`E_I!V2PP_W!! J#E$>:9!:$4=397!#>9&5O&D4OQC!g1C!3056+*C!:1X!c*R!+0+&BQ856>!)0,*560/4!?&5! 86&.B&,&+6'41!A../1!SBQ41!A!V"##MW1!>&6X!2#12##Ma4##EEPU##MUI2EMU^! L##M! Z*>>*4C! [1\1C! @^0.&5C! 71J1C! H080B+C! Z1X! A/9&56,B)4! ?&5! @&).(,*5! A/9*8501! [/(R*5C! b&4,&+!V2PP"W! L##M!3@:647$! b5&QC! 31X! 7&?,R05*! *+96+**56+9! p! ?5&)! 0(<6/605Q! ,&! O*Q! ,*'B+&/&96*41! L+X! b5&QC! 31C! %*+*5,C!F1!V*>41W!7&?,R05*!S6&+**54C!..1!2#`2E1!7.56+9*5C!=*6>*/8*59!V"##"W! .>9=>7!%#3E87>4!N>#!+.K!:H:=9:;97O! @05,R569B,C!m1X!b69!4,054!B0D*!R*0,B*5!,&&1!L\S!S(8/64B6+9!SBQ46'4:*81! B,,.Xaa.BQ46'4R*81&59a05,6'/*4a+*R4a22aKa2Ka2!V"##MW1!A''*44*>!"K!m(+*!"##M! A/R0Q4!(4*!,B*!4,0+>05>!:;;$7H=:4=#>!&?!0!f&(5+0/n4!+0)*!0''&5>6+9!,&!,B*!L77c!F"'#! ,A!("#%*!G,24!1002*C"$#",-'C!4**!B,,.XaaRRR1644+1&59a"U""KK2UH-:AU&+/6+*1.B.!
K!!!!!!L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54! .*%$:<(.%$"&%"/'(;/4%1*<*94(
J#E$>:9!:$4=397! =05564C! 31C! [05.*5C! F1C! 7,0'O4C! Z1C! =&??)0+C! %1C! %*c65&C! J1C! @5(^C! S1C! *,! 0/1! V"##2W1! :56,6+9!/084!0+>!,B*!=&//QR&&>!'&++*',6&+1!H,E2-$%!,A!I"%)!G2"#"-JC!IIVEWC!"2E`"I_1!! J#E$>:9!:$4=397!#>964C!@1%1C!30+(*/C!%131C!7044&(85*C!H1!V"##MW1!H*44&+4!/*05+*>!6+!4Q4U ,*)4! 'B0+9*! 6+6,60,6D*4X! 8*+'B)05O4! 0+>! 6+>6'0,&541! 1)*2"&$-! H,E2-$%! ,A! D,))E-"#/! K'/&L,%,J/1!>&6X!2#12##Ma42#IKIU##MUP2#$U2I1! L##M! @0/?**C!J1!@1C!q!g0/*+'60C!J1!J1!V2PP2W1!1K1!JE"4*!#,!92*9$2"-J!)$-E'&2"9#'!A,2!?,E2: -$%!9E0%"&$#",-M!:04B6+9,&+C!%@X!A)*56'0+!S4Q'B&/&96'0/!A44&'60,6&+1! L##M!3@:647$! \nc*6/C!m1!31C!q!F90+C!m1!V2PP"W1!3*+n4!0+>! R&)*+n4! 9*+>*5! 5&/*! f&(5+*Q4X! 3*,0.B&5! ?&5!B*0/6+9C!,50+46,6&+C!0+>!,50+4?&5)0,6&+1!L+!b1!J1!:06+568!VF>1WC!N*-4*2!"''E*'!$&2,''! #L*!%"A*!&/&%*!V..1!2#M`2"EW1!c*R!;&5OX!7.56+9*51! .>9=>7!%#3E87>4!N>#!+.K!:H:=9:;97O! A8&(UA//080+C!;1C!%*//C!31!H1C!Z5**+8*59C!:1C!H&)0!.4Q'B60,56'!.50',6'*1!J*4&(5'*! >&'()*+,1!A)*56'0+!S4Q'B60,56'!A44&'60,6&+1!B,,.XaaRRR1.4Q'B1&59a*>(a&,B*5r5*4a/68r! 05'B6D*4a05'B6D*4a"##K#I1.>?1!A''*44*>!"_!m(+*!"##M1! =7+:&$2$"/'(,$&97$/2$%/'(;1$<*/*614(
J#E$>:9!:$4=397! A/8*5C!m&B+C!%0+6*/!@1!\s@&++*//C!0+>!7086+*![&R0/1!"##"1!S*54&+0/!.*54.*',6D*!6+!-g! 6+,*5D6*R41!K2$J)$#"&'!2"X!"_M`"M21! J#E$>:9!:$4=397!#>9!7086+*![&R0/1!"##"1!tL?!Q&(!0+>!LC!6?!R*C!6+! ,B64! /0,*5! >0QC! /&4*! ,B0,! 40'5*>! ?65*111sX! S*54.*',6D*! 6+! .&/6,6'0/! 6+,*5D6*R41! H,E2-$%! ,A! K'/&L,%"-JE"'#"&!+*'*$2&LM!>&6X!2#12#"EaAX2#2__P"2"P"PK1! L##M! @0)*5&+C! %*8&50B1! 2P$_1! I*)"-"')! $-4! %"-JE"'#"&! #L*,2/M! c*R! ;&5OX! 7,1! 305,6+s4! S5*441! L##M!3@:647$! @0)*5&+C! %1! 2PPM1! -B*&5*,6'0/! >*80,*4! 6+! ?*)6+64,! /6+9(64,6'4X! o(*4,6&+4! &?! 4*! 9*+>*51!L+!N*-4*2!$-4!4"'&,E2'*C!*>1!J(,B!:&>0OC!PPU22P1!H&+>&+X!709*!S(8/6'0,6&+41! .>9=>7!%#3E87>4!N>#!+.K!:H:=9:;97O! N564'BC! 30,B6041! "##M1! %&*4! 0! /&RU*+,5&.Q! '&+4,506+,! .5*D*+,! (4! ?5&)!6+?/(*+'6+9!,B*! .04,u! SB6/7'6! 05'B6D*1! B,,.Xaa.B6/4'6U05'B6D*1.6,,1*>(a05'B6D*a####EEP#a1! A''*44*>! "K! m(+*!"##M1! 5)&%'/#* L?!Q&(!'&.Q!,*<,!.04409*4C!?69(5*4C!&5!,08/*4!?5&)!&,B*5!R&5O4C!Q&(!)(4,!&8,06+!67$8=?, ?=#>! ?5&)! ,B*! '&.Q569B,! B&/>*5! V(4(0//Q! ,B*! &5696+0/! .(8/64B*5W! ?&5! 8&,B! ,B*! .56+,! 0+>! &+/6+*! ?&5)0,1! S/*04*! *+'/&4*! ,B*! 469+*>! .*5)6446&+! R6,B! ,B*! )0+(4'56.,1! S/*04*! 8*! 0R05*!,B0,!4&)*!.(8/64B*54!>&!+&,!950+,!*/*',5&+6'!569B,4!?&5!?5**!0+>!,B0,!7.56+9*5!R6//!
L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!!!!!!M!
+&,!8*!08/*!,&!5*?(+>!0+Q!'&4,4!,B0,!)0Q!B0D*!&''(55*>!,&!5*'*6D*!,B*4*!.*5)6446&+41!L+! 4('B!'04*4C!)0,*560/!?5&)!&,B*5!4&(5'*4!4B&(/>!8*!(4*>1! -B*!4&(5'*!)(4,!8*!0'O+&R/*>9*>!6+!,B*!/*9*+>!&5!,08/*!B*0>6+91!L?!,B*!4&(5'*!64!6+!0! ?&5*69+!/0+9(09*C!./*04*!.5&D6>*!0!,50+4/0,6&+1! !"%7S=>C!5E>34=#>!6+!:&5>1!L+>6'0,*C!&+!0D*509*C!&+*!&5!,R&!O*QR&5>4! .*5!)0+(4'56.,!.09*!,&!8*!6+'/(>*>!6+!,B*!6+>*<1!! •! L+?&5)0,6&+!4B&(/>!8*!/64,*>!(+>*5!,B*!,*5)!,B0,!)&4,!5*0>*54!R6//!.5&808/Q!/&&O!0,! ?654,1! ]4*! '5&44U5*?*5*+'*4! ,&! /64,! D0560,6&+4! &5! R56,,*+U&(,! D*546&+4! 0+>! 0885*D60U ,6&+4a0'5&+Q)41! •! ]4*!+&!)&5*!,B0+!,R&!/*D*/4!`!)06+!*+,5Q!0+>!4(8*+,5Q1! •! A!)06+!*+,5Q!4B&(/>!0/R0Q4!8*!0!+&(+!V&5!'&).&(+>!+&(+W!0+>!8*96+!R6,B!0!'0.6,0/! /*,,*51!! •! 7(8*+,56*4!8*96+!R6,B!/&R*5'04*!/*,,*54!(+/*44!,B*!,*5)!64!0!.5&.*5!+&(+1! •! L+>*!04!6+!,B*!,*<,!V*191C!6,0/6'4!?&5!9*+(4!0+>!4.*'6*4!+0)*4W1!! •! A885*D60,6&+4!0,!,B*!8*96++6+9!&?!0!,*5)!)(4,!8*!R56,,*+!&(,1!N&5!*<0)./*C!1M!AE)": J$#E'!4B&(/>!8*!1'9*2J"%%E'!AE)"J$#E'M!! E(7&%/#*3"<*!22$%3$()"*-3$3* >$9$2:<(?<<7/23:2$*&/(
N&5!,B*!8*4,!G(0/6,Q!?6+0/!.5&>(',C!6,!64!B69B/Q!5*'&))*+>*>!,B0,!Q&(!4(8)6,!0//!&?!Q&(5! 05,R&5O! `! .B&,&950.B4C! /6+*! >50R6+94C! *,'1! `! 6+! 0+! */*',5&+6'! ?&5)0,1! -B*! .(8/64B*>! R&5O!R6//!>65*',/Q!5*?/*',!,B*!G(0/6,Q!&?!,B*!05,R&5O!.5&D6>*>1! A9734$#>=3!0=CE$7!BE;8=??=#>! •! c0)*! Q&(5! ?69(5*! ?6/*4! R6,B! Q&(5! +0)*C! hN69hC! 0+>! ,B*! ?69(5*! +()8*5C! *191C! 36//*5U N6921*.41! •! L+>6'0,*!RB0,!950.B6'4!.5&950)!R04!(4*>!,&!'5*0,*!,B*!05,R&5O1! •! N&5!D*',&5!950.B6'4C!,B*!.5*?*55*>!?&5)0,!64!FS7Y!?&5!B0/?,&+*4C!./*04*!(4*!-LNN!?&5U )0,1!37!\??6'*!?6/*4!05*!0/4&!0''*.,08/*1! F=>7!G$4!!!b/0'O!0+>!RB6,*!950.B6'!R6,B!+&!4B0>6+91! •! @B*'O!,B0,!0//!/6+*4!0+>!/*,,*56+9!R6,B6+!,B*!?69(5*4!05*!/*968/*!0,!?6+0/!46^*1! A//!/6+*4! 4B&(/>!8*!0,!/*04,!#12!))!V#1E!.,W!R6>*1! •! H6+*!>50R6+94!4B&(/>!B0D*!0!)6+6)()!5*4&/(,6&+!&?!P&''!%6=1! •! g*',&5!950.B6'4!'&+,06+6+9!?&+,4!)(4,!B0D*!,B*!?&+,4!*)8*>>*>!6+!,B*!?6/*41! T:954#>7!G$4!!SB&,&950.B4C!>50R6+94C!&5!.06+,6+94!R6,B!?6+*!4B0>6+9C!*,'1! •! L?! 0+Q! )09+6?6'0,6&+! 64! (4*>! 6+! ,B*! .B&,&950.B4C! 6+>6'0,*! ,B64! 8Q! (46+9! 4'0/*! 8054! R6,B6+!,B*!?69(5*4!,B*)4*/D*41! •! =0/?,&+*4!4B&(/>!B0D*!0!)6+6)()!5*4&/(,6&+!&?!(''!%6=1!
$!!!!!!L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!
*#8;=>:4=#>! G$4!!A! '&)86+0,6&+! &?! B0/?,&+*! 0+>! /6+*! 05,C! *191C! B0/?,&+*4! '&+,06+6+9! /6+*!>50R6+9C!*<,*+46D*!/*,,*56+9C!'&/&5!>60950)4C!*,'1! •! @&)86+0,6&+!05,R&5O!4B&(/>!B0D*!0!)6+6)()!5*4&/(,6&+!&?!Q''!%6=1! *#9#$!G$4!!@&/&5!05,!64!?5**!&?!'B059*!?&5!&+/6+*!.(8/6'0,6&+1! •! L?!8/0'O!0+>!RB6,*!R6//!8*!4B&R+!6+!,B*!.56+,!D*546&+C!>&!+&,!5*?*5!,&!'&/&5!6+!,B*!'0.U ,6&+4!0+>!)0O*!4(5*!,B0,!,B*!)06+!6+?&5)0,6&+!R6//!4,6//!8*!D6468/*1!A!46)./*!R0Q!,&! 'B*'O!,B64!64!,&!)0O*!0!<*5&950.B6'!'&.Q!,&!4**!6?!,B*!+*'*4405Q!>64,6+',6&+4!8*,R**+! ,B*!>6??*5*+,!'&/&54!05*!4,6//!0..05*+,1! •! @&/&5!6//(4,50,6&+4!4B&(/>!8*!4(8)6,,*>!04!-UL!V$!86,4!.*5!'B0++*/W1! 0=CE$7!F7447$=>C! •! -&!0>>!/*,,*56+9C!6,!64!8*4,!,&!(4*!B*%C*#"&$!&5!12"$%!V40+4!4*56?!?&+,4W!0+>!0D&6>!*?U ?*',4!4('B!04!4B0>6+9C!&(,/6+*!/*,,*54C!*,'1! •! [**.!/*,,*56+9!'&+464,*+,/Q!46^*>!,B5&(9B&(,!Q&(5!?6+0/U46^*>!05,R&5OC!(4(0//Q!08&(,! "`E!))!V$`2"!.,W1!! •! %&!+&,!6+'/(>*!,6,/*4!&5!'0.,6&+4!6+,&!Q&(5!6//(4,50,6&+41! 0=CE$7!*:64=#>?!:>%!VE8;7$=>C! •! F0'B!?69(5*!4B&(/>!B0D*!0!'&+'64*!'0.,6&+!>*4'5686+9!0''(50,*/Q!RB0,!,B*!?69(5*!>*U .6',41! •! c()8*5! ,B*! ?69(5*4! '&+4*'(,6D*/Q! (46+9! ,B*! 'B0.,*5! +()8*5! V*191C! N691! 212W1! N69(5*! .05,4!4B&(/>!8*!>*+&,*>!8Q!/&R*5'04*!/*,,*54!V0C!8C!'C!*,'1W1!! 0=CE$7!B=W7! •! :B*+!.5*.056+9!Q&(5!?69(5*4C!46^*!?69(5*4!,&!?6,!6+!,B*!.09*!R6>,B1! •! N&5!)&4,!8&&O4C!,B*!?69(5*4!4B&(/>!8*!M$!))!&5!22M!))!R6>*!0+>!+&,!B69B*5!,B0+! 2P$!))1! ;3$&2(!:/2"3/(
L?!Q&(!>&!+&,!'&).6/*!Q&(5!6//(4,50,6&+4!&+!0!S@C!./*04*!4*+>!(4!9&&>U'&+,504,!8/0'O!0+>! RB6,*!.56+,4!&5!,50+4.05*+'6*4!&5!,B*!&5696+0/!>50R6+941!
L+4,5(',6&+4!,&!A(,B&54!!!!!!P!
>,/'F2(#$* -6,/*!.09*! ! ! ! -08/*!&?!'&+,*+,4! ! A84,50',! -*<,! J*?*5*+'*4! ! ! ! A885*D60,6&+4! N69(5*4!
-6,/*! c0)*V4W!&?!0(,B&5V4W! 306/6+9!0>>5*44V*4W! *U)06/!0>>5*44V*4W! %*'6)0/!+()8*54! =*0>6+94!,B*!40)*!04!6+!,*<,! A84,50',!?&5!*0'B!'B0.,*5!6+'/(>*>! -*<,!6+!(")*'C!4.*'60/!'B050',*54!6+!./)0,%!&5!3-"&,4*! @6,0,6&+4!6+!,*<,!095**!R6,B!,B*!5*?*5*+'*!/64,! A//!*+,56*4!6+!,B*!5*?*5*+'*!/64,!)*+,6&+*>!6+!,B*!,*<,! J*?*5*+'*4!?&//&R!,B*!9(6>*/6+*4! m&(5+0/4!0885*D60,*>!0''&5>6+9!,&!=..;!! H64,!&?!0885*D60,6&+4!6+'/(>*>! A//!?69(5*4!)*+,6&+*>!6+!,*<,!*+'/&4*>C!'&)./*,*!0+>!04!4*.0U 50,*!?6/*4!!! ! @&+4*'(,6D*/Q!+()8*5*>!R6,B6+!0!'B0.,*5! ! @&+4*'(,6D*/Q!'6,*>!6+!,*<,! ! H*9*+>4!6+'/(>*>!6+!,B*!,*<,! -08/*4! S5*.05*>!R6,B!,B*!,08/*!?(+',6&+! ! @&+4*'(,6D*/Q!+()8*5*>!R6,B6+!0!'B0.,*5! ! @&+4*'(,6D*/Q!'6,*>!6+!,*<,! F/*',5&+6'!)0+(4'56.,! -6,/*!&?!,B*!8&&O!0+>!0(,B&5s4!+0)*!+&,*>!&+!/08*/! ! -*<,!?6/*4!40D*>!6+!&5696+0/!?&5)0,!0+>!04!J-N! ! F0'B!'B0.,*5!40D*>!04!4*.050,*!?6/*! ! Z50.B6'4!40D*>!04!4*.050,*!?6/*4!6+!&5696+0/!?&5)0,!0+>!6+!FS7! &5!-LNN!?&5)0,! ! S%N!?6/*!R6,B!0//!,B*!?&+,4!*)8*>>*>!
!
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !