Transcript
AT3520 3.5” Mega Rocket 3.5” IDE Solid State Flash Drive User Guide
153985-001 Revision 1.0 December 31, 2002 Memtech SSD Corporation 7628 Las Positas Road Livermore, CA 94550 (925)294-8483 (800)445-5511 www.memtech.com
Table of Contents 1.
HIGHLIGHTS
3
2.
INTRODUCTION
3
3.
INSTALLATION
4
3.1 3.2 3.3
PROCEDURE JUMPERS IDE INTERFACE
4 6 8
4.
OPERATION
9
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
ECC
5.
MAINTENANCE
11
6.
SPECIFICATIONS
12
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6
INTERFACE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POWER REQUIREMENTS MECHANICAL RELIABILITY
12 12 12 12 13 13
7.
APPENDIX
14
7.1 7.2 7.3
CONTACT INFORMATION ATA SPECIFICATION INFORMATION LIMITED LIFETIME W ARRANTY
MTBF POWER TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE
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1. HIGHLIGHTS • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
64 Mbyte to 4 Gbyte capacity Full -40oC to +85oC operating temperature range 5 volt, low power operation Completely solid state - no moving parts and no batteries Extremely Rugged - 1000G operating shock, 15G operating vibration 3.5” drive form factor with a standard 40 pin IDE interface 24-bit ECC for exceptional data reliability 0.3 millisecond access time 4.0 Mbyte/second media transfer rate 1.7 Mbytes/second sustained Read throughput 1.0 Mbyte/second sustained Write throughput 128 Kbyte SRAM buffer Nonvolatile NAND E2PROM with 10 year data retention EMC and CSA Safety Compliance
2. INTRODUCTION The AT3520 is a new line 100% compatible IDE solid state drives in a low-profile 3.5-inch drive format. It is completely solid state, with no moving parts. This accounts for the unit’s exceptional ruggedness and wide operating temperature range. Sector Erasable NAND E2PROM (Flash) is used to provide up to 4096 Mbytes of nonvolatile, solid-state storage in an extremely rugged and low-cost form factor. The drive is 100% IDE compatible and requires no special drivers to operate. It is essentially a drop in replacement for standard rotating media. The IDE interface is implemented using an application specific IDE Flash controller and a 128 Kbyte SRAM buffer. The controller uses a 24-bit Reed-Solomon error detection and on-the-fly correction mechanism that greatly improves reliability and long-term data integrity. The ECC circuitry, in conjunction with the controller’s remapping algorithms, makes for a virtually bulletproof medium for data retention. The drive is available in a number of standard capacities from 64 Mbytes to 4096 Mbytes. Please contact the factory for specific size availability. Disk compression utilities may be used to effectively double the usable capacity of the drive. Each drive is fully tested under environmental and voltage extremes, to guarantee data integrity in even the harshest conditions.
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3. INSTALLATION 3.1 PROCEDURE 3.1.1 ESD PRECAUTIONS Static electricity kills... electronics! Before handling the AT3520, please observe the following precautions to avoid ESD damage to the unit: • • •
Keep the drive in its shielded bag until ready to install. Ground yourself by touching a grounded chassis frame of the computer, or use a grounded wrist strap before and during the installation process. Do not touch the exposed drive electronics or connectors. Always handle the drive by the edges or mounting rails.
3.1.2 CONFIGURATION Configure the drive using the jumper diagrams given below. The drive is shipped configured for a single drive system or as the master in a two drive system. Change the configuration as required. Never attempt to change the jumpers while the drive is plugged in and the computer is on. 3.1.3 CABLES With the computer off, attach the 40-pin IDE cable connector to the connector on the drive. Note pin 1 orientation and alignment. The connector is keyed, so it is recommended that a keyed cable be used to prevent reversing the cable. Care should be taken when installing the cable, as misalignment can permanently damage the drive interface. Power is supplied via the 4-pin AT power connector. Only +5 volts and ground are required for proper drive operation. See the diagram below:
Figure 1 - Connectors 3.1.4 MOUNTING The AT3520 may be mounted in any orientation. Eight mounting holes are available: four on the bottom and four on the sides. All holes accept a threaded 6-32 screw with a maximum penetration of 0.20 inches. The diagram given below is valid for all drive capacities.
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Figure 2 - Mounting Holes 3.1.5 COMPUTER SETUP To be recognized by the computer, the drive translation information must typically be entered into the System Setup or CMOS Setup utility. For non-PC compatible computers, this may not apply. The AT3520 supports automatic configuration if offered by the BIOS. If the drive configuration must be manually entered, select drive type 47 or type USER and use the table below to determine proper setup parameters. Automatic CHS translation and LBA mode is supported.
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Drive Type AT3520-64 AT3520-128 AT3520-256 AT3520-512 AT3520-768 AT3520-1024 AT3520-1536 AT3520-2048 AT3520-2560 AT3520-3072 AT3520-3584 AT3520-4096
Physical Capacity Cylinders 64 MB 245 128 MB 490 256 MB 980 512 MB 1960 768 MB 3360 1.0 GB 3920 1.5 GB 5880 2.0 GB 7840 2.5 GB 9800 3.0 GB 11760 3.5 GB 13720 4.0 GB 15680
Heads 16 16 16 16 14 14 16 16 16 16 16 16
Sectors 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32
Available Capacity 64 MB 128 MB 245 MB 502 MB 752 MB 1004 MB 1505 MB 2007 MB 2508 MB 3010 MB 3430 MB 3920 MB
3.1.6 PARTITION The drive must be partitioned using the system’s FDISK utility. Note that changing the partition information will result in the loss of all data currently on the drive. Refer to your OS manual for detailed information regarding partitioning a hard disk. 3.1.7 FORMAT The AT3520 is low-level formatted at the factory, which establishes the 512-byte sector size. A high-level format is required after the partition has been established on the drive. Refer to your OS manual for information regarding hard disk drive format procedures. 3.2 JUMPERS The following diagram illustrates the locations of the jumper on the AT3520 controller card. The jumper controls the master slave configuration of the drive.
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Figure 3 - Configuration Jumpers 3.2.1 MASTER/SLAVE The C/D jumper allows the drive to be configured as either drive C: (Master) or drive D: (Slave). This jumper is a 2 pin right angle header on 0.1” centers. Leaving the pins J3:1-2 open configures the drive as a master or drive C:.
Figure 4 - Drive C: Configuration Connecting the pins forces the drive to drive D:, the slave.
Figure 5 - Drive D: Configuration This location is factory shipped with no jumper, configuring the drive as the master or drive C:. 3.2.2 CABLE SELECT The Cable Select jumper allows the drive to be configured through the IDE cable. A maximum of two drives may be connected to one standard IDE cable. Connecting the drive to the end of the cable configures the drive to be a Master (drive C:) and connecting the drive to the middle connector of the cable configures the drive for a Slave (drive D:). This jumper is a 2-pin right angle header on 0.1” centers. Leaving the pins open configures the drive to use the Master/Slave jumper for drive configuration. AT3520 User Guide
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Figure 6 - Master/Slave Jumper Configuration Connecting the pins forces the drive to be configured through the IDE cable select.
Figure 7 - Cable Select Configuration This location is factory shipped with no jumper, configuring the drive to use the Master/Slave jumper for drive configuration. 3.3 IDE INTERFACE The AT3520 uses a 40-pin right angle 0.1” signal connector and a 4-pin right angle AT power connector mounted on the controller PCB to create both a signal and power connection to the host. Maximum signal cable length is 18 inches. Recommended cable length is 12 inches or less, especially if an advanced PIO transfer mode is to be used. 3.3.1 IDE CONNECTOR PINOUT The following table depicts the 40-pin IDE signal cable interface pinout. PIN 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
AT3520 User Guide
SIGNAL RESETDATA7 DATA6 DATA5 DATA4 DATA3 DATA2 DATA1 DATA0 GND Not Used IOWIORIOCHRDY Not Used IRQ ADDR1 ADDR0 CS0DASP-
PIN 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
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SIGNAL GND DATA8 DATA9 DATA10 DATA11 DATA12 DATA13 DATA14 DATA15 KEY (NO PIN) GND GND GND Not Used GND IOCS16PDIAGADDR2 CS1GND
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4. OPERATION 4.1 ECC The custom controller used on the AT3520 implements a very powerful 24-bit Reed-Solomon ECC polynomial, capable of correcting all single bit data errors, and detecting multiple bit errors. The reliability of the ECC algorithm has been calculated to be 1/1015 bits read. 4.2 MTBF The MTBF can be logically calculated in hours using the following formula. # Flash Chips * # Blocks *Re-programming Cycles * Area Rate MTBF = -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Average Programming Sectors per hour (1 sector = 512 bytes) Note: The program area is the area that is not changed once it has been programmed. The remainder of the drive is thus considered “Reprogrammable”. In the case where 32 Kbytes (64 sectors) are written every 5 minutes into an area occupying 30% of a 48 MB disk (64 Mbit x 6 chips), the MTBF is calculated as shown below: MTBF = (6*1024*1,000,000*0.3)/(64*12) = 2.4 million hours 4.3 POWER 4.3.1 POWER DOWN Whenever possible, do not power down the computer during a write command sequence to any mass storage device. This includes during the normal operation of the drive, and with the use of disk cache programs such as Microsoft® SmartDrive. If a write routine must interrupted, use the push button reset or a soft reset. Powering down the AT3520 while it is being written may cause an incomplete write sequence, leaving sectors with an Address Mark Found Error or Uncorrectable Errors, and can lead to corrupted file allocation tables (FATs) or registries. DOS will report these with a message “Error Reading Drive X:”, with X: being the AT3520 drive. 4.3.2 POWER SUPPLY The AT3520 voltage requirement is specified at +5 volts, +/- 5% on the drive itself. Operation outside of these limits is not guaranteed. Note that the drive will “operate” down to 4.5 volts, but reliability issues such as Uncorrectable Errors or invalid data reads may occur. An on board voltage monitor will inhibit writes when the supply voltage falls below 4.70 volts, thus preserving data integrity on the drive. AT3520 User Guide
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4.3.3 POWER ROUTING To avoid “glitches” or noise on the Vcc and ground lines, power in the system should be routed so that all peripherals are sourced from the power supply in a star configuration, as opposed to routing a single continuous supply line to each device in the system as in a ring topology. Routing power in the star configuration, as is done on most desktop PCs, will minimize the effect on one devices current draw on another device. This is key to maintaining data integrity on the AT3520. See diagrams below. Star Topology
Daisy Chain – Not Recommended Power Supply
Power Supply
Main Board
Hard Disk Floppy Main Board
Hard Disk Floppy
4.4 TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE 4.4.1 UNCORRECTABLE ERRORS If a drive has been subjected to a power down during a write command, or as been run under marginal or dirty power conditions, uncorrectable errors may be introduced into the media. This may result in data read errors, a corrupted FAT table entry or directory, or an invalid boot partition or partition table. Microsoft® Scandisk or Norton Disk Doctor™ will successfully correct FAT table problems and partition table errors, but should not be allowed to mark a sector in the data area as bad. On a rewrite to a data sector with uncorrectable errors, all synchronization and ECC codes will be rewritten and the error will be eliminated.
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5. MAINTENANCE No maintenance is required during the normal use of this drive. If data is to be archived for long periods of time (> 10 years), it is recommended that the data on the drive be refreshed every 5 to 10 years. The manufacturer of the NAND E2PROM devices will only guarantee data integrity for a period of 10 years. Programs such as Norton Speedisk©, which reallocates all sectors on the drive, or Microsoft® Scandisk, which writes and reads every sector on the disk during its surface test, achieve this end very well.
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6. SPECIFICATIONS 6.1 INTERFACE IDE Compatibility IDE Drive Number Physical Capacity Physical Sector Size
X3T10 2008D, Rev. 6 Drive 0 or 1 4 Gbytes 512 bytes
6.2 PERFORMANCE Average Access Onboard Cache Media Transfer Rate Read Transfer Rate Write Transfer Rate Burst Transfers
0.3 ms 128 Kbytes 4.0 Mbytes/sec 1.7 Mbytes/sec sustained 1.0 Mbytes/sec sustained 8 Mbytes/sec
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL Commercial Temperature Range Operating 0o to 70o C Storage -45oC to 125o C Extended Temperature Range Operating -20oC to 70oC Storage -45oC to 125o C Industrial Temperature Range Operating -40o to 85o C Storage -55o to 125o C Shock - operating 1000G Operating (target) Vibration - operating 15G Random (target) Airflow None required Humidity 5% to 95% NC (target) 6.4 POWER REQUIREMENTS Voltage Current Idle Read Write
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5V +/- 5% 512 Mbytes (rms) 8 mA 30 mA 35 mA
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6.5 MECHANICAL Length Width Height Cable Interface Max. Cable Length Rec. Cable Length Weight (160 Mbytes)
5.56 inches (14.12 cm) 4.00 inches (10.16 cm) 0.50 inches (1.27 cm) 40-pin, 0.1” 18 inches (457 mm) 12 inches (305 mm) 6.4 oz (181 g)
6.6 RELIABILITY 6.6.1 ERROR RATE The ECC error rate for the AT3520 is <1 in 1015 bits read 6.6.2 MEMORY CELL ENDURANCE 1,000,000 writes per sector typical 6.6.3 ENDURANCE Calculated using the following parameters: • 1,000,000 minimum cell write endurance • 1 32Kbyte write every 1 minute • 30% of a 48 Mbyte drive active MTBF = 480 khours, or >48 years Note: Those specifications listed herein as “Target” are not yet verified, and are provided as an indicator of projected performance values. These specifications are subject to change without notice.
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7. APPENDIX 7.1 CONTACT INFORMATION For Technical Support or Warranty Repair information, please contact Memtech at: 7628 Las Positas Road Livermore, CA 94550 U.S.A. Phone: (925) 294-8483 Fax: (925) 294-5920 Email:
[email protected] 7.2 ATA SPECIFICATION INFORMATION Information regarding the ATA-3 specification may be obtained from the following locations: AT-Attachment Document Distribution Global Engineering 15 Inverness Way East Englewood, Co. 80112-5704 Phone: (303) 792-2181 or (800) 854-7179 Fax: (303) 792-2192 ATA Anonymous FTP Site fission.dt.wdc.com ATA3 directory is: “/pub/standards/ata/ata-3” 7.3 LIMITED LIFETIME WARRANTY Memtech warrants your AT3520 against defects in material and workmanship for the life of the drive. The warranty is void in the case of misuse, accident, alteration, improper installation, misapplication or the result of unauthorized service or repair. The implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, and all other warranties, expressed or implied, except as set forth in this warranty, shall not apply to the products delivered. In no event shall Memtech be liable for any lost profits, lost savings or other incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use of, or inability to use, this product. BEFORE RETURNING PRODUCT, A RETURN MATERIAL AUTHORIZATION (RMA) MUST BE OBTAINED FROM MEMTECH. Product shall be returned to Memtech with shipping prepaid. If the product fails to conform and warranty repair is necessary, Memtech will reimburse customer for the transportation charges incurred.
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