Model 610d - Auburn Engineering

Transcript

OPERATOR’S MANUAL MODEL 610D HIGH-VOLTAGE SUPPLY/AMPLIFIER/CONTROLLER TEL: 1 (716) 438-7555 FAX: 1 (716) 201-1804 NTERNET: www.trekinc.com E-MAIL: [email protected] TREK, INC. 190 Walnut Street Lockport, NY 14094-3710 Model 610D Operator’s Manual Rev. B6 Part Number: 23120 0324/JNC Rev. 01 Q-Form-CE-003 Declaration of Conformity Trek, Inc. We: 11601 Maple Ridge Road Medina, New York 14103 Tel: 585/798-3140 Fax: 585/798-3106 Name and address of manufacturer: Introducer of product to the market: Declare under our sole responsibility that the product, Product Name: Model Number: Product Options: Supply / Amplifier 610D All to which this declaration relates is in conformity with European Council (EC) standards and other normative documents, including: 89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance Low Voltage Parameters and Limits Compliance The following is a list of normative references and acceptable levels: Safety: EN 61010-1:1993/A2:1995 Emissions: EN 55011:1998 EMC Family Standard,Group1, Class B EN 61000-3-2:1995/A2:1998 Harmonic Current, Class A EN 61000-3-3:1995 Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker Immunity: EN 50082-1:1998 IEC 61000-4-2:1995 IEC 61000-4-3 /A1:1997 IEC 61000-4-4:1995 IEC 61000-4-5:1995 IEC 61000-4-6:1996 IEC 61000-4-11:1994 General Safety Requirements EMC Generic Immunity Standard Electrostatic Discharge, 4 kV CD, 8 kV AD Radiated RF Electromagnetic Field, 3 V/m Electrical Fast Transient/Burst, level 2 Surge Immunity, line to line – level 2, line to earth – level 3 Conducted Disturbance Induced by RF, 3 V/m Voltage Dips 60% Ut, Interruption 100% Ut following the provisions of ISO/IEC Guide 22 of the European Council (EC) Directive. Where and When Issued: Medina, New York July 2001 James B. Borkholder Compliance Engineer Rev. 01 Q-Form-CE-003 Thank You Thank you for buying a Trek instrument. This instrument has been designed and built to high standards to give you years of trouble-free service. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact your Trek Representative at: Write: TREK, INC. 1:DOQXW6WUHHW /RFNSRUW, NY 14-710 Fax: () -10 Telephone: In the United States: 1 800 FOR-TREK International Customers: 1 () 8- Internet: www.trekinc.com E-Mail: [email protected] We welcome any comments or suggestions you may have relative to the operation, performance, and/or quality of this product. Trek products are covered by United States and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Copyright © 2012 TREK, INC. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. Table of Contents Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Section I General Information Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3 Incoming Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-11 Incoming Confidence Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-11 Section II Installation Mounting . . . . . . . . . . Power Connection . . . . . . Load Connection . . . . . . Input Connection . . . . . . Output Monitor Connection . Current Monitor . . . . . . . External Control Connection Digital Enable Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-1 II-1 II-2 II-2 II-4 II-4 II-5 II-6 Section III Operation Front Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-1 Rear Panel Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5 Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-7 Operating the Model 610D as a High-Voltage Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . III-7 Operating the Model 610D as a High-Voltage Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . III-9 Operating the Model 610D as a Current Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-11 Operating the Model 610D as a Transconductance Amplifier . . . . . . . . III-12 The Compliance Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-14 Setting a Current Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-15 i Table of Contents Section III Operation (cont.) Setting a Voltage Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remotely Turning On and Off the High-Voltage Output . . . Using the Digital Enable to Control the High-Voltage Output . Monitoring the Output Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring the Load Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I(t), I(r), and I(s) Explained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-16 III-17 III-17 III-17 III-18 III-19 . . . . . . Section IV Maintenance Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maintenance Assistance . . . . . Customer Service Assistance Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . Preventative Maintenance . . Cleaning the Instrument . . . Servicing the Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-1 IV-1 IV-1 IV-2 IV-2 IV-2 IV-3 Appendixes Appendix A: Accessories Included Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accessories -1 Optional Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accessories -1 Appendix B Warranty Statement One year warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warranty -1 Appendix C 6DOHVDQG6HUYLFH6DOHV Inside the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales - 1 Outside the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales - 2 Appendix D Authorized Service Organizations Authorized Service Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service - 1 ii Safety Review the following safety precautions to maintain safety and prevent damage to the instrument or equipment connected to it. The safety features of this instrument may be ineffective if the equipment is not operated in the manner stated in this manual. Refer all maintenance procedures to qualified personnel. Safety Precautions Use the Power Cord Provided To avoid fire hazard, use only the power cord provided with this instrument. Avoid Electric Overload To avoid electric shock or fire hazard, do not apply a voltage to a terminal that is outside the range specified for that terminal. Avoid Electric Shock To avoid electric shock, do not touch the high-voltage output connector or the load circuit while the instrument is on. Ground the Product This product is grounded through the ground conductor of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the ground conductor must be connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input and output terminals of the product, ensure that the product is properly grounded. iii Safety Safety Precautions (cont.) Do Not Operate Without Covers To avoid electric shock or fire hazard, do not operate this instrument with the covers removed. Use Proper Fuses To avoid fire hazard, use only the fuse type and rating specified for this instrument. Indoor Use Only This instrument is intended for indoor use only. Do Not Operate in Wet or Damp Conditions To avoid electric shock, do not operate this instrument in wet or damp conditions. Do Not Operate in an Explosive Environment To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not operate this instrument in an explosive environment. Product Protection Precautions Use the Proper Power Source Do not operate this instrument from a power source that is different than the voltage specified on the serial number tag. Provide Proper Ventilation To prevent the instrument from overheating, provide proper ventilation. Do Not Operate with Suspected Failures If you suspect there is damage to this instrument, have it inspected by qualified personnel. iv Safety Safety Terms and Symbols Terms in the Manual These terms may appear in this manual: Warning: Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life. Caution: Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other equipment. Symbols on the Product These symbols may appear on the instrument: Warning, risk of electric shock Caution, refer to Operator’s Manual CAT I Installation category I (overvoltage category): Classification for the operation of a unit using voltage systems or circuits with required standardized limits for transient voltages. Category I pertains to voltages supplied at the peripheral level, with smaller tolerances for transient voltages as specified by the Low-Voltage Safety standard (EN 61010-1). CAT II Installation category II (overvoltage category): Classification for the operation of a unit using voltage systems or circuits with required standardized limits for transient voltages. Category II pertains to using voltage supplied on the local level (example: local wall outlets) with smaller tolerances for transient voltages as specified by the Low-Voltage Safety standard (EN 61010-1). v Safety vi Preface This manual provides user information for the Model 610D High-Voltage Supply/Amplifier/Controller. It contains the following chapters and appendixes: • General Information contains a brief product description, specifications, and an incoming confidence test that can be used to verify the instrument was not damaged during transit. • Installation describes how to set up the instrument for operation. Information is included on mounting the instrument, the load connection, and the various input and output connections. • Operation contains a description of the product’s features and a detailed explanation of proper operating procedures. • Maintenance provides information on periodic maintenance procedures and fuse replacement. • Appendix A: Accessories describes other products that are useful with the Model 610D. • Appendix B: Warranty Statement describes the terms and conditions of the Trek warranty. • Appendix C: Authorized Sales Organizations contains contact information for Trek sales organizations throughout the world. • Appendix D: Authorized Service Organizations contains contact information for Trek service organizations throughout the world. vii viii Section I General Information Danger: This instrument is not rated for use in an explosive environment. DO NOT use it in an explosive environment or an explosion may result. This manual provides instructions to install and operate the Trek Model 610D High-Voltage Supply/Amplifier/Controller. We recommend you take the time to read this manual to take full advantage of the features and benefits of the instrument. Introduction The Trek Model 610D is a high-voltage supply/amplifier/controller with an output voltage range of 0 V to ±10 kV and an output current range of 0 to 2000 µA. It can be operated in any of six modes: • As a high-voltage amplifier, it amplifies an externally applied signal. Its gain is fixed at 100 V/V or 1000 V/V, switch selectable, • As a high-voltage reference supply, it responds to a front panel dial commanding an output voltage, • As a transconductance amplifier, it responds to an externally applied voltage signal to produce a proportional output current. The transconductance gain is fixed at 20 µA/V or 200 µA/V, switch selectable, • As a current supply, it responds to a front panel dial commanding an output current, • As a high-voltage controller, it is maintained as in the high-voltage amplifier mode, but the input amplifier’s input and feedback elements are uncommitted and available for configuration by the user, • As a transconductance controller, it is maintained as in the transconductance amplifier mode, but the input amplifier’s input and feedback elements are uncommitted and available for configuration by the user. I-1 General Information Introduction (cont.) The Model 610D features a compliance limit function. When in a CURRENT command mode, the compliance function is voltage. When in a VOLTAGE command mode, the compliance function is current. The current compliance limit function can be based upon either the total current or a specific load current path. The Model 610D features a four-quadrant, active output stage that sinks or sources current into reactive or resistive loads throughout the output voltage range. This is essential for achieving the accurate output response and high slew rates demanded by reactive loads. The Model 610D is protected against overvoltage and overcurrent conditions that may be generated by active loads or by output short circuits to ground. Precision voltage and current monitors provide low-voltage representations of the high-voltage output and load current for monitoring purposes, or for use as feedback signals in a closed-loop system. The current monitors provide a means for close regulation of either the total load current, I(t), or a specific current path, I(r). When the load includes several current paths, only one is closely regulated. The Model 610D can be operated on a bench top or, with optional hardware, in a standard 19-inch rack. I-2 General Information Specifications All specifications are with no load unless otherwise specified. Features High-Voltage Switch A three-position switch to select ON, OFF, or REMOTE. Mode Switch A three-position switch to select either the Supply, Amplifier, or Controller mode of operation. Supply Mode Voltage Control Range Selection A two-position switch to select 0 to ± 1 kV or 0 to ± 10 kV. Output Level Selection A precision potentiometer with a graduated dial. Polarity Selection A three-position switch to select positive (+), negative (-), or OFF. Compliance Feature Compliance Level Selection A precision potentiometer with a calibrated dial used to set the current limit when operating in the voltage mode, or to set a voltage limit when operating in the current mode. Compliance Indicator An yellow LED will illuminate when the instrument is in a compliance limit condition. Compliance Limit Current mode Adjustable to within 20 V of the output setting. Voltage mode Adjustable to within 0.5 µA of the output setting. I-3 General Information Specifications (cont.) Features (cont.) Front Panel Display A 3 ½-digit LED display can be selected to indicate the voltage output or the current output. Range Voltage 0 to ±1 kV or 0 to ±10 kV, switch selectable. Current 0 to ±199.9 µA or 0 to ±1999 µA, switch selectable. Resolution Voltage 1 kV Range 1 V. 10 kV Range 10 V. Current Zero Offset I-4 200 µA Range 0.1 µA. 2000 µA Range 1 µA. ±1 count, referred to the Voltage and Current monitors. General Information Specifications (cont.) AS A HIGH-VOLTAGE SUPPLY Output Voltage Range 0 to +1 kV, 0 to -1 kV, 0 to +10 kV, or 0 to -10 kV, switch selectable and adjustable using a precision potentiometer with a dial. Resolution 1 kV range 1 volt. 10 kV range 10 volts. Accuracy Better than 0.1% of full scale. Compliance Current Range 0 to ±2000 µA DC, using a precision potentiometer with a dial. Output Noise Less than 700 mV rms (measured with a 20 kHz true rms meter). Regulation Line Better than 0.01% for all line voltages. Load Better than 0.01% for a load change from 1 µA to 1000 µA. Stability Drift with Temperature Less than 100 ppm/°C. Drift with Time Less than 100 ppm /24 hours. I-5 General Information Specifications (cont.) AS A CURRENT SUPPLY Output Current Range 0 to 200 µA or 0 to 2000 µA, switch selectable and adjustable using a precision potentiometer with a dial. Resolution 200 µA range 0.2 µA. 2000 µA range 2 µA. Compliance Voltage Range 0 to ±10 kV DC, adjustable using a precision potentiometer with a dial. Regulation Line Better than 0.01% for all line voltages. Load Better than 0.01% for a load change from 10 V to 10 kV. Stability Drift with Temperature Less than 100 ppm/°C. Drift with Time Less than 100 ppm/24 hours AS A HIGH-VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER AND CONTROLLER Output Voltage Range 0 to ±1 kV or 0 to ±10 kV DC or peak AC, switch selectable. Input Voltage Range 0 to ±10 V DC or peak AC. Voltage Gain I-6 1 kV Range 100 V/V. 10 kV Range 1000 V/V. General Information Specifications (cont.) AS A HIGH-VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER AND CONTROLLER (cont.) DC Voltage Gain Accuracy Better than 0.3% of full scale (Controller mode Gain Accuracy is dependent on user-specified components). Compliance Current Range 0 to ±2000 µA DC or peak AC, adjustable using a precision potentiometer with a dial. Offset Voltage Less than 2 V. Output Noise Less than 700 mV rms (measured with a 20 kHz true rms meter). Slew Rate (10% to 90%) Greater than 20 V/µs. Large Signal Bandwidth (1% Distortion) DC to greater than 600 Hz. Small Signal Bandwidth (-3dB) DC to 10 kHz. Settling Time to 1% Less than 1 ms for a 10 kV step. Input Impedance Noninverting Configuration 20 kΩ, nominal. Inverting Configuration 10 kΩ, nominal. Differential Configuration 10 kΩ, nominal. I-7 General Information Specifications (cont.) AS A TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER AND CONTROLLER Output Current Range 0 to ±200 µA or 0 to ±2000 µA DC or peak AC, switch selectable. Input Voltage Range 0 to ±10 V DC or peak AC. Transconductance Gain 200 µA range 20 µA/V. 2000 µA range 200 µA/V. Compliance Voltage Range 0 to ±10 kV DC or peak AC, adjustable using a precision potentiometer with a dial. Offset Current Less than 0.1 µA. VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MONITORS Voltage Monitor I-8 Ratio 1 /1000th of the output voltage. DC Gain Accuracy Better than 0.1% of full scale as referred to the high-voltage output. Offset Voltage Less than 5 mV. Noise Less than 20 mV p-p. Output Impedance 47 Ω, nominal. General Information Specifications (cont.) VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MONITORS (cont.) Current Monitor Ratio 1 V/200 µA Noise Less than 30 mV p-p. DC Gain Accuracy Better than 0.1% of full scale as referred to the high-voltage output. Offset Voltage Less than 10 mV. Output Impedance 1 kΩ, nominal. GENERAL Digital Panel Meter Accuracy 3½ digit display. Better than 0.1% of reading at monitor outputs, ±1 digit, at 23 °C ±5 °C. Power Requirements Line Voltage Adjustable for one of four nominal AC line voltages: 100V, 120 V, 230 V, or 240 V AC, at 48 to 63 Hz (specify when ordering). Power Consumption 200 VA maximum for all voltage ranges. Operating Conditions Temperature 0 °C to 40 °C. Relative Humidity To 85%, noncondensing. Dimensions 145 mm H x 432 mm W x 381 mm D (5.7"H x 17"W x 15"D). Weight 10 kg (22 lb). I-9 General Information Specifications (cont.) Certification and Compliance Certification TREK, INC. certifies that each Model 610D is tested and calibrated to specifications using measurement equipment traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Low Voltage Safety Compliance (EN 61010-1) I - 10 Installation Category CAT II: Local-level mains, appliances, portable equipment. Pollution Category Degree 1: Operate in environments where no pollution or only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. General Information Incoming Inspection Visually inspect the instrument for physical damage such as dents, nicks, scratches, broken fittings, etc. External damage may indicate more serious damage has occurred within the instrument. In the event of damage, notify the factory or your nearest authorized Trek Service Organization and request instructions. Do not attempt to use a damaged instrument. Incoming Confidence Test The Model 610D undergoes extensive checks and adjustments at the factory, and no initial calibration should be required. However, you may wish to perform an incoming confidence test as part of the incoming inspection on the instrument. An incoming confidence test of this nature is intended to confirm that the instrument was not damaged in transit. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the information in Section II and Section III before performing this test. Operating the Model 610D as a high-voltage supply and measuring the voltage at the VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector would constitute a reasonable incoming confidence test. Warning: Do not plug in the Model 610D or turn it on until instructed to do so. To do so before the appropriate point in time could result in an electrical shock and/or damage to the instrument. Caution: Ensure that the Model 610D has been configured for the proper nominal line voltage for your area. Damage to the system may result if it is operated at an incorrect line voltage. Refer to “Power Connection” on page II-1 for instructions to check the line voltage setting. 1. Ensure that the POWER switch and the HV switch are in the OFF position. 2. Connect a digital voltmeter to the VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector on the rear panel. 3. Plug the power cord into the power receptacle on the rear panel and plug the power cord into the power source. Warning: Make no attempt to bypass the ground feature in the AC line cord. This is a protective ground and any attempt to negate it could result in electrical shock. 4. Ensure the shorting cap is on the DIGITAL ENABLE. 5. Place the FUNCTION switch in the SUPPLY position. I - 11 General Information Incoming Inspection Incoming Confidence Test (cont.) 6. Turn the Command/Offset dial fully counterclockwise. 7. Turn the Compliance dial fully clockwise. 8. Place the Mode switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the “V” (voltage) position. 9. Place the Range switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the “0 - 10 kV” position. 10. Place the V/I switch in the METER section of the front panel in the “V” position. 11. Place the Range switch in the METER section of the front panel in the “0 - 10 kV” position. 12. Turn ON the Model 610D and wait at least 30 seconds. 13. Place the HV switch in the ON position. 14. Place the Polarity switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the “+” (positive) position. Warning: The HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. 15. Turn the COMMAND/OFFSET fully clockwise. The digital voltmeter connected to the VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector will indicate +10 V. The front panel digital display will indicate +10.00 V. 16. Place the Polarity switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the “-” (negative) position. The digital voltmeter connected to the VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector will indicate -10 V. The front panel digital display will indicate -10.00 V. This completes the incoming confidence test. Turn off the HV switch and the POWER switch. Disconnect the digital voltmeter. I - 12 Section II Installation Mounting The Model 610D is designed for operation on a benchtop or, with optional hardware, in a standard 19-inch rack. See Appendix A, Accessories, for information concerning the rack mount hardware. The Model 610D is air cooled. Allow approximately 25 mm (1 inch) of free air space around the vent holes in the top cover of the instrument. Allow approximately 50 mm (2 inches) of free air space around the fan on the rear panel. Power Connection The Model 610D is adjustable for one of four nominal AC line voltages: 100V, 120 V, 230 V, or 240 V AC, at 48 to 63 Hz. Caution: The Model 610D may be damaged if operated at an incorrect line voltage. Check the voltage rating on the serial number tag on the rear panel to ensure that the Model 610D is configured to operate at the line voltage in your area. For instructions on how to change the line voltage range, contact TREK, INC. or an authorized Trek Service Organization. (See Appendix D.) 1. Ensure that the POWER switch is off before connecting the power cord to a power source. 2. Plug the power cord into the power connector on the rear panel. 3. Plug the free end of the power cord into the power source. The power cord provided is equipped with a standard 3-prong power plug to provide a grounded chassis when the cord is used in a grounded receptacle. Warning: Make no attempt to bypass the ground prong in the power cord. This is a protective ground and any attempt to negate it could result in an electrical shock. II - 1 Installation Load Connection A high-voltage cable assembly is provided for connection from the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector on the rear to the load device. 1. Connect the terminated end of the cable assembly to the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector. 2. Connect the free, unterminated end to the load device. Note: Ensure that the connection to the load device does not allow high-voltage hazards to be accessible. 3. Return the low side of the load device to the Ground jack on the rear panel. Warning: The HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. Note: The maximum possible voltage at the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector is ±12 kV. Input Connection The Model 610D can be configured as a noninverting, inverting or differential amplifier when the FUNCTION switch on the front panel is in the AMPLIFIER position. These different configurations are accomplished by variations in the wiring of the plug that mates with AMP INPUT receptacle on the rear panel. The mating plug for the AMP INPUT receptacle is provided with the accessory parts. The pins for this plug are also found with the accessory parts. The wires from the signal source must be attached to these pins before the pins are inserted into the plug. The pin numbers are embossed on the front and rear of the plug. Refer to these numbers when inserting the wired pins. CAUTION: Once a pin is inserted into the plug, a special tool (AMP Insertion/Extraction tool # 91067-2) is required to remove it. Make every effort to install the pins properly the first time. Connect a 0 to ±10 V DC or peak AC signal to the appropriate pin of the AMP INPUT receptacle. Note: The voltage applied to the AMP INPUT receptacle cannot exceed ±15 V. II - 2 Installation Input Connection (cont.) Figure 2-1: Noninverting Amplifier Figure 2-2: Inverting Amplifier Figure 2-3: Differential Amplifier II - 3 Installation VO Monitor Output Connection The VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector on the rear panel is a buffered output providing a low-voltage replica of the high-voltage output. 1 V at this connector represents 1000 V at the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT. Connect a monitoring device, such as an oscilloscope, to this connector to monitor the high-voltage output. The signal at this connector can also be used as a feedback signal in a closed-loop system. Note: The maximum possible voltage the VO MONITOR OUTPUT is ±15 V. IO Monitor Output Connection The IO MONITOR OUTPUT connector on the rear panel is a buffered output providing a low-voltage representation of the total load current, I(t) or the current being returned to the I(r) binding post on the back panel. (See “I(t)/I(r)/I(s) Explained” on page III-19) The current being monitored, I(t) or I(r), is selected using the I(t)/I(r) switch located to the right of the IO connector. 1 V at this connector represents 200 µA of load current. Connect a monitoring device, such as an oscilloscope, to this connector to monitor the load current. The signal at this connector can also be used as a feedback signal in a closed-loop system. Note: The maximum possible voltage at the IO MONITOR OUTPUT is ±15 V. II - 4 Installation External Control Connection The EXT. CONTROL connector on the rear panel of the instrument is for connection of a remote switch to turn on and off the high-voltage output of the Model 610D when the HV switch on the front panel is in the REMOTE position. Connect a switch (single pole, normally open) between pin #3 and pin #6 of the EXT. CONTROL connector to remotely control the high voltage. This switch controls a 5-volt logic circuit which controls the high-voltage circuit. A mating plug for the EXT. CONTROL receptacle is provided in the accessory parts. The pins for this plug are also found in the accessory parts. Insert the wired pins from the remote high-voltage switch into the pin receptacles #3 and #6 on the EXT. CONTROL plug. CAUTION: Once a pin is inserted into the plug, a special tool (AMP Insertion/Extraction tool # 91067-2) is required to remove it. Make every effort to install the pins properly the first time. Figure 2-4: External Control connection II - 5 Installation Digital Enable Connection The DIGITAL ENABLE connector on the rear panel of the instrument is a BNC for connection of a remote device to provide fast control of the high-voltage output. This feature does not turn off the high-voltage completely, but reduces the output voltage to below 100 volts. Connect a switch, relay contact, or the output of a switching device, such as an open collector transistor, between the center conductor and shield of the BNC. A TTL high will diminish the voltage. A TTL low will return the high-voltage output to its original level. Warning: A voltage level may be present at the HV OUT connector when the connection between the center conductor and the shield is interrupted. NOTE: The front panel HV switch can be in the ON position or REMOTE position with the high-voltage turned ON, for the DIGITAL ENABLE feature to function. Figure 2-5: Digital Enable connection II - 6 Section III Operation Front Panel Features Figure 3-1: Model 610D Front Panel (features 1-3) 1. FUNCTION Switch: This switch selects whether the Model 610D will operate as a supply, as an amplifier, or as a controller. 2. HV Switch and Indicator: This switch turns on and off the high-voltage output. When this switch is in the REMOTE position the high-voltage is turned on and off by a remote device connected to the EXT. CONTROL connector. The yellow indicator above this switch will illuminate when the high-voltage output is on. 3. POWER Switch and Indicator: This switch turns on and off the Model 610D. The green indicator above this switch will illuminate when the power is on. III - 1 Operation Front Panel Features (cont.) Figure 3-2: Model 610D Front Panel (features 4-7) Command/Offset Section 4. POLARITY Switch: This switch selects the polarity of the output voltage or current when the instrument is operated in the Supply mode. It is also used to select the polarity of the output voltage offset when the Model 610D is operated in the Amplifier or Controller modes. 5. Command/Offset Dial: This 10-turn dial sets the desired output voltage or current when the Model 610D is operated in the Supply mode. It is also adjusts the level of the output offset when Model 610D is operated in the Amplifier or Controller modes. This dial has a lever at its base. This is a locking feature for the dial; it secures the dial against misadjustment. Push up on the lever to disengage the lock; push down to engage the lock. 6. V/I Switch: This switch selects either voltage (V) or current (I) as the output quantity to be regulated. 7. I(t)/I(r) Switch: This switch selects either total current, I(t), or returned current, I(r), as the output current quantity to be regulated when the V/I switch is in the current (I) position. III - 2 Operation Front Panel Features (cont.) Figure 3-3: Model 610D Front Panel (features 8-11) Command/Offset Section (cont.) 8. µA/kV Range Switch: This switch selects the output (voltage or current) range when the Model 610D is operated in the Supply mode. It also sets the gain and offset range when the Model 610D is operated in the Amplifier or Controller modes. Compliance Section 9. Compliance Dial: This 10-turn dial sets the desired compliance limit value. It sets a current limit value when operating in the Voltage mode and a voltage limit when operating in the Current mode. The limit is effective for output voltages and currents of either polarity. This dial has a lever at its base. This is a locking feature for the dial; it secures the dial against misadjustment. Push up on the lever to disengage the lock; push down to engage the lock. 10. LIMIT Indicator: This yellow indicator will illuminate when the Model 610D enters a compliance limit condition. 11. I(t)/I(r) Limit Switch This switch selects either total current, I(t), or returned current, I(r), to be limited using the compliance dial. This switch is only active when operating in the VOLTAGE mode. III - 3 Operation Front Panel Features (cont.) Figure 3-4: Model 610D Front Panel (features 12-15) Meter Section 12. µA/kV Range Switch: This switch selects the full scale range for the digital panel meter. It selects a 1 kV or 10 kV full scale range when the V/I switch is in the voltage (V) position. It selects 200 µA or 2000 µA when the V/I switch is in the current (I) position. 13. Digital Panel Meter: This 3 ½-digit LED display indicates the output voltage or the output current, I(t) or I(r). 14. V/I Switch: This switch selects either voltage (V) or current (I) as the quantity to be displayed on the digital panel meter. 15. I(t)/I(r) Switch: This switch selects either total current, I(t), or the returned current, I(r), as the quantity to be displayed on the digital panel meter when the V/I switch is in the current (I) position. III - 4 Operation Rear Panel Features Figure 3-5: Model 610D Rear Panel (features 1-6) 1. IO MONITOR OUTPUT Connector: This BNC provides a buffered, low-voltage representation of the total current, I(t), or returned current, I(r), depending upon the position of the I(t)/I(r) switch to the right of this connector. 2. VO MONITOR OUTPUT Connector: This BNC provides a buffered, low-voltage replica of the high-voltage output. 3. DIGITAL ENABLE Receptacle: The digital enable receptacle is for connection of TTL compatible signal to provide fast control of the high-voltage output. This feature does not turn off the high voltage, but reduces the output voltage to below 100 volts when disabled. Warning: A voltage level may be present at the high-voltage output when the Digital Enable connection between the center conductor and the shield of the Digital Enable connection is interrupted. 4. AMP INPUT Receptacle: This receptacle is for connection of the external voltage signal to be amplified. 5. Ground Binding Post: This binding post is a functional earth terminal and is used as a ground reference point for other equipment. This post is a ground return point for the loads to monitored as part of the total current, I(t), but does not need to be monitored as a component for the return current, I(r). 6. EXT. CONTROL Receptacle: This receptacle is for the connection of an optional, remotely located high-voltage control switch. When the front panel HV switch is in the REMOTE position, the high-voltage can be remotely turned ON or OFF. III - 5 Operation Rear Panel Features (cont.) Figure 3-6: Model 610D Rear Panel (features 7-12) 7. HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT Connector: This connector is for connection of the load device using the high-voltage output cable assembly provided. 8. I(r) Binding Post: This binding post is a return point for a load device that has an ungrounded return path. Using this terminal as a return point for a load device provides a more accurate means to regulate the actual load current. 9. I(s) Binding Post: This binding post is a return point for loads which are not to be included as components of either the total current, I(t), or the returned current, I(r). The terminal is typically used for a return path for shielding associated with the load device. 10. I(t)/I(r) Switch: This switch selects either total current, I(t), or returned current, I(r), as the quantity to be monitored at the I(O) connector. 11. POWER Connector: This receptacle is a standard three-prong power connector. 12. Shorting Cap for DIGITAL ENABLE Voltage On/Off Receptacle: The shorting cap must be on the Digital Enable receptacle if the Digital Enable feature is not utilized. III - 6 Operation Normal Operation The following instructions assume that the instrument has been installed according to the instructions given in Section II, INSTALLATION. Warning: The HV OUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HV OUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. The Model 610D can be operated in one of six modes: as a high-voltage supply, as a high-voltage amplifier, as a current supply, as a transconductance amplifier, as a high-voltage controller, and as a transconductance controller. Operating the Model 610D as a High-Voltage Supply When the Model 610D is operated as a high-voltage supply, the operator sets an output voltage using the Command/Offset controls. 1. Ensure that the Polarity switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel is in the OFF position and that the Command/Offset Dial is turned fully counterclockwise. Note: In the Voltage Supply mode, the Model 610D will not produce an output when the Polarity switch is in the OFF position. 2. Place the Function switch in the SUPPLY position. 3. Place the V/I switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the V position. 4. Place the µA/kV Range switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the desired position; “0 to 1 kV” for a 1 kV full scale output or “0 to 10 kV” for a 10 kV full scale output. 5. Turn the Compliance dial fully clockwise unless a current compliance limit other than 2000 µA is desired (See “Setting a Current Limit” on page III-15). III - 7 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a High-Voltage Supply (cont.) 6. Place the POWER switch in the ON position. Caution: Always wait a minimum of thirty (30) seconds after turning on the power before turning on the high voltage. 7. Place the HV switch in the ON position. 8. Select the polarity of the output voltage by placing the Polarity switch in the COMMAND OFFSET section to the desired position, “+” or “-”. 9. Adjust the Command/Offset dial to the desired output voltage. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 1 kV” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 100 V change to the output voltage. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 10 kV” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 1000 V change to the output voltage. The Model 610D is now operating as a high-voltage supply and delivering the voltage commanded by the Command/Offset controls to the HV OUT connector. Warning: The HV OUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HV OUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. III - 8 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a High-Voltage Amplifier The Model 610D can be configured as a noninverting, inverting, or differential amplifier. See “Input Connection” on page II-2 for information on how to wire the input connector to obtain the different configurations. As a Noninverting Amplifier the Model 610D will produce an output voltage which is 100 or 1000 times greater (depending upon the gain selected) than the signal applied to the INPUT SIGNAL receptacle. As an Inverting Amplifier the Model 610D will produce an output voltage which is -100 or -1000 times greater (depending upon the gain selected) than the signal applied to the INPUT SIGNAL receptacle. As a Differential Amplifier the Model 610D will produce an output voltage which is equal to the difference between two amplified input signals. The output can be represented by the equation: V (out) = 1000 [V(A) - V(B)] Where A=Noninverting value. B= Inverting value. 1. Ensure that the Polarity switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel is in the OFF position and that the Command/Offset Dial is turned fully counterclockwise. 2. Place the Function switch in the AMPLIFIER position. 3. Place the V/I switch in the COMMAND OFFSET section of the front panel in the voltage (V) position. 4. Place the µA/kV Range switch in COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the desired position: “0 - 1 kV” for a voltage gain of 100 V/V or “0 to 10 kV” for a voltage gain of 1000 V/V. 5. Turn the Compliance dial fully clockwise unless a current compliance limit other than 2000 µA is desired. (See "Setting a Current Limit" on page III-15.) 6. Place the POWER switch in the ON position. Caution: Always wait a minimum of thirty (30) seconds after turning on the power before turning on the high voltage. III - 9 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a High-Voltage Amplifier (cont.) 7. Place the HV switch in the ON position. 8. Apply a 0 to ±10 V DC or peak AC signal to the AMP INPUT receptacle. The Model 610D is producing an output voltage. Warning: The HV OUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HV OUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. 9. If an offset voltage is desired: a. Select the polarity of the offset voltage by placing the Polarity switch in the COMMAND OFFSET section to the desired position, “+” or “-”. b. Adjust the Command/Offset dial to the desired offset voltage. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 1 kV” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 100 V change to the output voltage. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 10 kV” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 1000 V change to the output voltage. Note: The sum of the offset voltage and the peak value of the amplified input signal cannot exceed 1 kV when the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 1 kV” position or 10 kV when the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 10 kV” position. For example, if the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 10 kV” position and the peak value of the amplified input signal is 8 kV, the offset voltage cannot exceed 2 kV (8 kV + 2 kV = 10 kV). III - 10 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a Current Supply When the Model 610D is operated as a current supply, the operator sets an output current using the Command/Offset controls. 1. Ensure that the Polarity switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel is in the OFF position and that the Command/Offset Dial is turned fully counterclockwise. Note: In the Voltage Supply mode, the Model 610D will not produce an output when the Polarity switch is in the OFF position. Note: In the Current Supply mode and with no load, the Model 610D will produce an output voltage when the Polarity switch is in the OFF position. 2. Place the Function switch in the SUPPLY position. 3. Place the V/I switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the current (I) position. 4. Place the I(t)/I(r) switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the desired position. In the I(t) position, the Model 610D will closely regulate all load current except those returned to the I(s) binding post on the rear panel. In the I(r) position, the Model 610D will closely regulate only those load currents which are returned to the I(r) binding post on the rear panel. 5. Place the µA/kV Range switch in COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the desired position; “0 - 200 µA” for a 200 µA full scale output or “0 to 2000 µA” for a 2000 µA full scale output. 6. Turn the Compliance dial fully clockwise unless a voltage compliance limit other than 10 kV is desired. (See “Setting a Voltage Limit” on page III-16) 7. Place the POWER switch in the ON position. Caution: Always wait a minimum of thirty (30) seconds after turning on the power before turning on the high voltage. 8. Place the HV switch in the ON position. 9. Select the polarity of the output current by placing the Polarity switch in the COMMAND OFFSET section to the desired position, “+” or “-”. III - 11 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a Current Supply (cont.) 10. Adjust the Command/Offset dial to the desired output current. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 200 µA” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 20 µA change to the output current. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 2000 µA” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 200 µA change to the output current. The Model 610D is now operating as a current supply and delivering the current commanded by the Command/Offset controls to the HV OUT connector. Warning: The HV OUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HV OUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. Operating the Model 610D as a Transconductance Amplifier The Model 610D can be configured as a noninverting, inverting, or differential amplifier. See “Input Connection” on page II-2 for information on how to wire the input connector to obtain the different configurations. As a Noninverting Transconductance Amplifier the Model 610D will produce an output current (20 µA/V or 200 µA/V, depending upon the gain selected) proportional to the signal applied to the AMP INPUT receptacle. As an Inverting Transconductance Amplifier the Model 610D will produce an output current (-20 µA/V or -200 µA/V, depending upon the gain selected) proportional to the signal applied to the AMP INPUT receptacle. As a Differential Transconductance Amplifier the Model 610D will produce an output current which is equal to the difference between two amplified input signals. The output can be represented by the equation: Iout = VinA x (20 µA/V or 200 µA/V) + VinB x (-20 µA/V or -200 µA/V). III - 12 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a Transconductance Amplifier (cont.) 1. Ensure that the Polarity switch in the COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel is in the OFF position and that the Command/Offset Dial is turned fully counterclockwise. Note: In the Transconductance mode and with no load, the Model 610D will produce an output voltage when the Polarity switch is in the OFF position. 2. Place the Function switch in the AMPLIFIER position. 3. Place the V/I switch in the COMMAND OFFSET section of the front panel in the current (I) position. 4. Place the µA/kV Range switch in COMMAND/OFFSET section of the front panel in the desired position; “0 - 200 µA” for a transconductance gain of 20 µA/V or “0 to 2000 µA” for a transconductance gain of 200 µA/V. 5. Turn the Compliance dial fully clockwise unless a voltage compliance limit other than 10 kV is desired. (See "Setting a Voltage Limit" on page III-16.) 6. Place the POWER switch in the ON position. Caution: Always wait a minimum of thirty (30) seconds after turning on the power before turning on the high voltage. 7. Place the HV switch in the ON position. 8. Apply a 0 to ±10 V DC or peak AC signal to the AMP INPUT receptacle. The Model 610D is providing the output current commanded to the HV OUT connector. Warning: The HV OUT connector carries high voltage. Do not touch the HV OUT connector or the load circuit while the Model 610D is operating. Always turn off the Model 610D before making changes to the load connections. III - 13 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Operating the Model 610D as a Transconductance Amplifier (cont.) 9. If an offset current is desired: a. Select the polarity of the offset current by placing the Polarity switch in the COMMAND OFFSET section to the desired position, “+” or “-”. b. Adjust the Command/Offset dial to the desired offset current. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 200 µA” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 20 µA change to the output current. If the µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 2000 µA” position, each complete turn of the dial represents a 200 µA change to the output current. Note: The sum of the offset current and the peak value of the output current commanded cannot exceed 200 µA when µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 200 µA” position or 2000 µA when µA/kV Range switch is in the “0 - 2000 µA” position. For example, if the µA Range switch is in the “0 - 2000 µA” position and the peak value of the output current commanded is 1500 µA, the offset current cannot exceed 500 µA (1500 µA + 500 µA = 2000 µA). The Compliance Feature The compliance feature sets a current limit point when controlling voltage mode, and it sets a voltage limit point when controlling current mode. This feature is used to limit the output of the Model 610D to within a safe operating range for the load device. For example, when in the CURRENT mode, voltage can be limited so as not to exceed the voltage rating of the load device; when in the VOLTAGE mode, current can be limited so as not to exceed the power dissipation capabilities of the load device. III - 14 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Setting a Current Limit 1. Select the current to be limited by placing the I(t)/I(r) switch in the desired position. When the switch is in the I(t) position, the total load current will be limited. When this switch is in the I(r) position, the current returned to the I(r) binding post on the back panel will be limited. 2. Set the current limit point by using the Compliance dial. The limit point will be effective for currents of either polarity. The compliance current may be set to a value between 20 µA and 2000 µA. Each complete turn of the Compliance dial represents a change of 200 µA to the compliance current. Example: The Compliance controls are set for a 700 µA current limit. If the Model 610D is set up for an output voltage of 500 V and it is driving a 1 MΩ load, the current flowing through the load is 500 µA. In this instance, the current flowing through the load does not exceed the current limit value set by the Compliance controls and the output voltage is not restricted. I= E R = 500 V 1 MΩ = 500 µA However, if we apply the same 500 V to a 600 kΩ load, the load current would be 833 µA. The load current exceeds the current limit value of 700 µA set by the Compliance controls. I= E R = 500 V 600 kΩ = 833 µA The 610D will automatically restrict the output voltage to 420 V to hold the output current at the compliance limit value (700 µA). E = I R = ( 700 µA )( 600 kΩ ) = 420 V III - 15 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Setting a Voltage Limit Set the voltage limit point by using the Compliance dial. The limit point will be effective for currents of either polarity. The compliance voltage may be set to a value between 0 V and 10 kV. Each complete turn of the Compliance dial represents a change of 1 kV to the compliance voltage. Example: The Compliance dial is set for 2000 V. If the Model 610D is set up for an output current of 500 µA and it is driving a 3 MΩ load, then 1500 V is required to deliver 500 µA of current through the load. In this instance, the output voltage required does not exceed the voltage limit value set by the Compliance dial and the output voltage is not restricted. E = I R = ( 500 µA )( 3 MΩ ) = 1500 V However, if we deliver the same 500 µA into a 5 MΩ load, the load voltage would be 2500 V. The load voltage exceeds the voltage limit of 2000 V set by the compliance controls. E = I R = ( 500 µA )( 5 MΩ ) = 2500 V The Model 610D will automatically restrict the output current to 400 µA in order to hold the output voltage level at the compliance limit set for 2000 volts. I= III - 16 E R = 2000 V 5 MΩ = 400 µA Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Remotely Turning On and Off the High-Voltage Output When the HIGH VOLTAGE Switch is in the REMOTE position, the high-voltage output can be turned on and off by a remote device connected to the EXT. CONTROL input on the rear panel of the unit (See page II-5). Using the Digital Enable to Control the High-Voltage Output A remote device connected to the Digital Enable BNC on the back panel can be used to diminish a selected high-voltage output level. This feature does not turn off the high-voltage completely but reduce the output voltage to a value below 100 volts. Note: For the Digital Enable feature to function, high-voltage must be present at the high-voltage output. The high-voltage is present when: 1. The HV switch on the front panel is ON. 2. The HV switch is in the REMOTE position and the remote switch connected to the back panel EXT. CONTROL connector is closed. Monitoring the Output Voltage The output voltage may be monitored using the front panel digital display or by connecting a monitoring device to the VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector on the rear panel. Front Panel Digital Display: Place the V/I switch in the V (voltage) position. The voltage ranges of 0 to 1 kV, or 0 to 10 kV are now selectable to the user. The digital display will indicate the DC value of the output voltage. III - 17 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Monitoring the Output Voltage (cont.) Rear Panel BNC VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector: A buffered, low-voltage replica of the output voltage is provided at the VO MONITOR OUTPUT connector. 1 V at this connector represents 1000 V at the HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT connector. Monitoring the Load Current The load current may be monitored using the front panel digital display or by connecting a monitoring device to the IO MONITOR OUTPUT connector on the rear panel. Load currents, I(t) or I(r), can be independently selected for monitoring by either front or back panel methods. Front Panel Digital Display: The front panel digital panel meter will display only DC voltage or current. Place the V/I switch in the I (current) position. Two additional options become available to the user. Place the I(t)/I(r) switch in the I(t) position or the I(r) position to indicate the total current, I(t), or the return current, I(r), respectively. III - 18 Operation Normal Operation (cont.) Monitoring the Load Current (cont.) Rear Panel BNC IO MONITOR OUTPUT connector: A buffered, low-voltage representation of the load current is provided at the IO MONITOR OUTPUT connector. Next to the BNC connector is a switch that selects either I(t) or I(r). Place the I(t)/I(r) switch in the I(t) position or the I(r) position to monitor the total current, I(t), or the return current, I(r), respectively. 1 V at this connector represents 200 µA of the measured current. I(t), I(r), I(s) EXPLAINED Current flowing from the high voltage output to the load may be returned to the 610D by one of three paths. These three return paths for the load current are: 1. The rear panel I(s) terminal. 2. The rear panel I(r) terminal. 3. All the instrument grounds including the power line ground, the chassis and the rear panel ground terminal. I(r)(returned current) refers to the load current which is returned to the 610D through the rear panel I(r) terminal. This current is monitored separately from other return current paths and provides a means for close regulation or monitoring of a specific (ungrounded) load path using the I(t)/I(r) switches. I(r) current is a component of total load current, I(t). I(t) (total load current) refers to all of the load current which is returned to the 610D except those load currents which are returned to the I(s) terminal. Total load current, I(t), is monitored by the 610D and provides a means for close regulation and monitoring of the total load current using the I(t) and I(r) switches. III - 19 Operation I(t), I(r), I(s) EXPLAINED (cont.) The I(s) (shield current) terminal was originally included as a termination point for corotron shield currents. The I(s) terminal is used to terminate load current paths which are not to be monitored or controlled as a component of the total load current. I(s) currents bypass all features for current monitoring and are not detected by the circuits which monitor the “total” load current, I(t). A common misunderstanding in the use of the I(s) terminal occurs when the sum of the I(t) current and the I(s) current exceeds the current sourcing capability of the high voltage output. The output current of the 610D is regulated on the basis of the monitored current, I(t) or I(r), it is therefore possible for the additional I(s) current to take the instrument out of (current) regulation. Under these conditions the output current capability of the 610D is exceeded, although this condition is not apparent by monitoring the display meter or the IO MONITOR CURRENT output. III - 20 Section IV Maintenance Safety Please refer to the SAFETY section at the beginning of this manual for general information. Observe the following safety precautions when performing maintenance procedures on the Model 610D: 1. Always turn off the Model 610D and disconnect it from its power source before cleaning or inspecting it. Failure to observe this precaution could result in an electrical shock. 2. Refer all maintenance procedures to qualified personnel. Maintenance Assistance Customer Service Assistance In the event that you require assistance on a maintenance item, direct your request for assistance to the Customer Service Department at TREK, INC. or an authorized Trek Service Organization (see Appendix D). Telephone assistance is usually effective for obtaining additional maintenance information which is beyond the scope of this manual. Troubleshooting advice which is given over the telephone may be useful for solving the simpler malfunctions or confirming that the system should be returned to the factory or to an authorized Trek Service Organization. IV - 1 Maintenance Maintenance Assistance (cont.) Repairs The terms and conditions of the warranty are stated in Appendix B. Note: The warranty is voided if the instrument is serviced within the warranty period by anyone other than TREK, INC. or one of its authorized Trek Service Organizations. In the event of a malfunction, and the instrument must be returned for repair: 1. Notify the Customer Service Group at TREK, INC., giving full details about the difficulty, including the model number and serial number of the instrument. The Customer Service Group will issue a return authorization number. 2. Forward the instrument (prepaid), with the return authorization number prominently displayed on the shipping container and the packing list, to TREK, INC. The instrument may also be returned to an authorized Trek Service Organization. Contact the service organization nearest you for details (see Appendix C). Preventative Maintenance Cleaning the Instrument Preventative maintenance consists of inspecting and cleaning the instrument. Preventative maintenance performed on a regular basis may prevent instrument failure and improve reliability. INSPECTION: Visually inspect the instrument for loose or damaged controls and connectors or other undesirable conditions. CLEANING: Disconnect the unit from all external connections prior to cleaning. Clean the Model 610D as operating conditions require. Clean the exterior of the instrument with a soft cloth dampened with water. Use only water to dampen the cloth. The use of solvents may damage the finish or plastic components. A small brush is effective in removing dirt from the front and rear panel controls and connectors. IV - 2 Maintenance Servicing the Fuses Refer servicing the fuses to qualified personnel. Always replace the fuses with fuses of the type and rating shown in the table below. The Model 610D High-Voltage Supply/Amplifier/Controller conforms to the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive and Low Voltage Directive as set forth by the European Union. The line receptacle for the 610D contains a fuse holder that contains two IEC 5 mm x 20 mm, time-lag (T) fuses. The Model 610D can be configured for different AC line voltages. Please refer to the chart below for proper fuse ratings. IV - 3 Maintenance IV - 4 Appendix A Accessories Included Accessories Item Part Number Operator’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23120 High-Voltage Output Cable Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43406 Line Cord (90 to 127 V AC operation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N5002 Unterminated Line Cord (180 to 250 V AC operation). . . . . . . . . . . . . . * Four (4) Pin CPC Plug (shell size 11). . . . . . . . Eight (8) Pin CPC Plug (shell size 11) . . . . . . . (2) CPC Cable Clamps (large, shell SI) . . . . . . . (3) Socket CPC Crimp (22-18 AWG, Gold) . . . . (2) Pin, D-Sub, Solder Cups (18 AWG maximum) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B1023 B1024 B1042 B1062 B1064 Fuse 2 A, 125 V (F) (plug-in, clear cap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H0037 Fuse 1.6 A, 250 V (F) 5 mm x 20 mm IEC (100 V, 120 V operation) . . . H0053 Fuse 0.8 A, 250 V (F) 5 mm x 20 mm IEC (230 V, 240 V operation) . . . H0052 Optional Accessories ** Item High-Voltage Output Cable Assembly (5 meter) . High-Voltage Output Cable Assembly (10 meter) High-Voltage Output Cable Assembly (20 meter) 600RA Full-Rack Mounting Kit . . . . . . . . . Part Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43421 43422 43423 C4062 * Line cord type is determined by the geographical destination for the unit. ** CE Compliance standards are not guaranteed with the use of optional accessories for the unit. Accessories - 1 Appendix B Warranty Statement Instruments sold by TREK, INC. (hereinafter called the “Company”) are warranted only as stated below: Subject to the exceptions and upon the conditions specified below, the Company agrees to correct, either by repair, or in the Company’s sole discretion, by replacement, any defect of material or workmanship which develops within one year from the date of original purchase by the customer (user), provided that investigation and factory inspection by the Company discloses that such defect developed under normal and proper use. Repair or replacement are the exclusive remedies under this warranty (batteries are not included under this warranty). The exceptions and conditions mentioned are as follows: (a) The Company makes no warranty concerning components or accessories not manufactured by itself. (b) The Company is released from all obligations under this warranty in the event that repairs or modifications are made by persons other than its own or authorized personnel, unless such repairs by others are made with the prior written consent of the Company. In the event of a failure, and the customer neglects to take prompt and reasonable actions to prevent further damage, the Company cannot be responsible for consequent damage. (c) THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THOSE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED FOR HEREIN AND THE AFORESAID WARRANTY AND THE COMPANY’S OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES THEREUNDER ARE IN LIEU OF, AND CUSTOMER WAIVES ALL OTHER WARRANTIES AND GUARANTEES AND ALL OTHER LIABILITIES THEREFORE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARISING BY LAW OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND ALL OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES WITH RESPECT TO LOSS OF USE, REVENUE OR PROFIT, OR INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND AND FROM ANY CAUSE WHATSOEVER ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE, SALE, HANDLING, REPAIR, MAINTENANCE OR REPLACEMENT OF SAID PRODUCTS. (d) Representation and warranties made by any person, including dealers and representatives of the Company, which are inconsistent or in conflict with the terms of this warranty (including, but not limited to, the limitations of the liability of the Company as set forth above), shall not be binding upon the Company unless reduced to writing and approved by an officer of the Company. (e) This warranty shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York. Warranty - 1 Appendix C Sales and Service Please go to our web site: www.trekinc.com for a complete list of our sales and service representatives and distributors located in the United States and throughout the world. Trek Contact Information: TREK, INC. 190 Walnut Street Lockport, NY 14094-3710 USA Fax: Telephone: (716) 201-1804 1 800 FOR-TREK 1 (716) 438-7555 Internet: E-Mail: www.trekinc.com [email protected] Trek Japan KK c/o Motobayashi Building 1-2-12 Nihonbashi-ningyocho Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0013, Japan Fax: Telephone: 81 3 6264 8693 81 3 6264 8692 Internet: E-Mail: www.trekj.com [email protected] Sales - 1