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Modeling Advanced Technology Pumped Storage Peter Donalek Panel Session Planning Transmission for Co‐ Optimization with Resource Expansion July 29, 2014
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Advanced Pumped Storage Technologies • Adjustable Speed AS PSH – Doubly fed Induction > 50 MW – Converter Fed Synchronous < 50 MW
• Ternary – Single speed synchronous motor/generator with hydraulic short circuit
• Possible conversion of single speed to adjustable speed
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Existing AS PSH Units in Operation EXISTING ADJUSTABLE SPEED PUMPED STORAGE UNITS Plant Name Unit # Utility Name & Country 1 Narude Pilot Project 2 Kansai EPCo ‐ Japan 2 Yagisawa‐Conversion 2 Tokyo EPCo ‐ Japan 3 Takami 2 Hokkaido EPCo ‐ Japan 4 Ohkawachi 2 Kansai EPCo ‐ Japan 5 Shiobara‐Conversion 3 Kansai EPCo ‐ Japan 6 Ohkawachi 4 Kansai EPCo ‐ Japan 7 Yagisawa‐Conversion 3 Tokyo EPCo ‐ Japan 8 Okukiyotsu 2 EPDC 9 Yanbaru‐Okinawa 1 EPDC ‐ Japan 10 Goldistahl 1 VEAG ‐ Germany 11 Goldistahl 4 VEAG ‐ Germany 12 Omarugawa 4 Kyushu EPCo ‐ Japan 13 Omarugawa 3 Kyushu EPCo ‐ Japan 14 Avce 1 SENG ‐ Slovenia
Service Date 1987 1990 1993 1993 1995 1995 1996 1996 1999 2002 2002 2007 2008 2010
Speed Pump Generator Range Synchronous (MW) (MVA) (rpm) speed rpm 18.5 22 190‐210 200 53 ‐ 82 85 130‐156 150 44‐140 103 200‐254 230.8 331‐392 395 330‐390 360 200‐330 360 356‐394 375 240‐400 395 330‐390 360 53 ‐ 82 85 130‐156 150 230‐340 345 408‐450 428.6 31.8 31.5 423‐477 450 170‐300 351 300‐346.6 333 170‐300 351 300‐346.6 333 310 340 576‐624 600 330 345 576‐624 600 125‐180 195 576‐636 600
Frequency (Hz) 60 50 50 60 50 60 50 50 60 50 50 60 60 50
Speed Range % +/‐ 5% +4%/‐13% +/‐ 10% +/‐ 8% +/‐8% +/‐ 8% +4%/‐13% +/‐5% +/‐6% +4%/‐10% +4%/‐10% +/‐4% +/‐4% +6%/‐4%
AFC Type Cyclo ‐ C Cyclo ‐ C GTO inv Cyclo ‐ C Cyclo ‐ C Cyclo ‐ C Cyclo ‐ C GTO inv GTO inv Cyclo ‐ C Cyclo ‐ C Cyclo ‐ C GCT inv GCT inv
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DFIM and Single Speed Comparison
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Focus of Modeling Up to Now • Identification of operational benefits • Methodology to quantify benefits • Methodology to value benefits in monetary terms • Development of “vendor neutral” transmission system modeling tools
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Argonne National Labs Report “Modeling and Analysis of Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower Technologies” Report, ANL/DIS‐ 14/7 Web Site: http://www.dis.anl.gov/psh
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Five sub reports • Review of Existing Hydroelectric Turbine‐Governor Simulation Models • Modeling Adjustable Speed Pumped Storage Hydro Units Employing Doubly‐fed Induction Machines • Modeling Ternary Pumped Storage Units • Testing Dynamic Simulation Models for Different Types of Advanced Pumped Storage Hydro Units • Simulation of the Secondary Frequency Control Capability of the Advanced PSH Technology and its Application to the SMUD System.
Analytical Tools and Modeling Timeframes
NEED FOCUS HERE
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Power System Modeling • Review of existing models • Prepared, Vendor Neutral, Dynamic Simulation Models for Adjustable Speed Pump Storage Units • Prepared, Vendor Neutral, Dynamic Simulation Models for Ternary Pump Storage Units 11
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Impact on Transmission Planning • Short term – Update LGIA process – Revised data sheets – System Impact Studies in both pump and generation modes
• Long term – Evaluate Impact of Control Options – Wide Area Stability and Voltage Control
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Control Options • Active power based control – Active power controlled by exciter – Rotation speed controlled by governor
• Rotational speed based control – Active power controlled by governor – Rotation speed controlled by exciter
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Ohkawachi PSH and Hanshin Earthquake – Jan 1995 • Ohkawachi Unit #4 was on‐line in pump mode • Maintained grid voltage – Fast reactive power control
• Continued pump operation – Adjusted pump power and remained on‐line
• Contributed to frequency stability – Adjusted pump power and contributed to grid frequency stability
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AS PSH Unit as Part of WACS
LSE
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LSE
LDC G LSE
PSH
LSE G
B A boundary
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Ongoing Efforts • Idaho National Lab (INL) is doing advanced modeling using PSCAD. • Develop models that include both the hydraulic dynamics as well as the pump/turbines, motor/generators and system dynamics. • US DOE Hydro Vision initiative.
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US DOE Hydropower Vision Initiative • Eleven sub groups including: – Grid Integration and Transmission, NREL – Pumped Storage, ANL
• http://energy.gov/eere/water/new‐vision‐ united‐states‐hydropower
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Questions & Discussion • Advanced Pumped Storage Modeling Task Force Meeting • Thursday July 24, 2014 at 1:00 pm • Potomac 1
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Questions & Discussion
Credit to Carson Taylor for this graphic