Transcript
Video Editing for Beginners
IM OVIE
C
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Center for Teaching, Learning, and Technology
Goucher College 410.337.6066
[email protected] www.goucher.edu/ctlt
B ASICS
iMovie HD Table of Contents Chapter One: Creating, Digitizing, Saving Lesson One: Creating Exercise One Lesson Two: Digitizing Exercise Two Lesson Three: Saving Chapter Two: Building, Cutting, The Timeline View Lesson One: Building Exercise Three Lesson Two: Cutting Exercise Four Lesson Three: The Timeline View Exercise Five Chapter Three: Finishing Touches Lesson One: The Media Pane (Photos & Sound) Exercise Six Lesson Two: The Editing Pane (Titles, Transitions & FX) Exercise Seven Lesson Three: Exporting Exercise Eight
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iMovie HD
Chapter One: Creating, Digitizing, Saving When iMovie first opens, you will have three options: Create a New Project, Open an Existing Project, or Make a Magic Movie. This booklet does not cover ‘Make a Magic iMovie’. Lesson One: Creating To create a new project, click on ‘Create a New Project’. The next screen will ask you to save your work— creating a backup right from the start.
Choose where to save your file wisely. Video file are huge—hundreds of megabytes and gigabytes—even small video files can get that big! You’ll need to save your work to an external hard drive. If you are using a college-owned external hard drive from the CTLT or Thormann Center, make sure you save your work in a folder whose title is your username. To Create a Project: 1. Open iMovie. 2. Click ‘Create project’. 3. Click the down arrow next to the project name to expand the menu. 4. Navigate to your external hard drive. 5. Create a folder called your username (if you have not already done so). 6. Give your project a name. 7. Select your video format. If you are unsure of which to choose, leave it set to DV. 8. Save your project there.
Work that is not saved under your username on college-owned external hard drives will be deleted.
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iMovie HD Exercise One: Create a new folder for yourself on the external hard drive and create a project to save there, if you have not done so already. What should your folder be called? Why should you save your work on the external hard drive as opposed to saving it on Magellan or Darwin? Why does iMovie ask you to save your work first, before you’ve even done anything?
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iMovie HD Lesson Two: Digitizing Before you can edit anything, you need to have video first! To do this, you will need to import video from an external source, such as a miniDV tape or VHS tape, into the computer. This is called digitizing. Vocabulary Lesson: Cueing is rewinding or fast-forwarding your tape to the appropriate spot. Digitizing (aka Importing) is taking video from an external source (such as a miniDV or VHS tape) and making it digital, so you are able to edit it on a computer. Video is a series of still pictures taken rapidly that when viewed rapidly give the illusion of movement. A frame is a still picture that when put with many other frames makes up a video clip. In live action shows, there are 30 frames per second (30 fps). Time code is the series of numbers that refer to the length of the video. Time code is usually written in hours:minutes:seconds:frames. So, a time code of 1 minute, 10 seconds, 12 frames would be written: 00:01:10:12. There are sixty minutes in an hour, sixty seconds in a minute and thirty frames in a second. To digitize (import) video from a VHS or miniDV tape: 1. Cue your tape. a. Put the tape in the appropriate player. b. Rewind or fast forward to the appropriate spot. c. If you are using a camera to digitize your miniDV tape, make sure the camera is in VTR mode and connected to the Mac through a firewire cable. 2. Put iMovie into the camera mode if it is not there already. 3. Start your miniDV or VHS tape playing. 4. Click on the ‘Import’ button to begin digitizing. a. You should never import more than 3-5 minutes of video at a time. Video clips are easier to manage when they are smaller. b. iMovie will automatically divide up your clips if you are using a miniDV tape and camera to import. 5. Click on the ‘import’ button again to stop digitizing. Hot Tip: If iMovie does not recognize the tape deck do the following: 1. Close out of iMovie 2. Turn off the tape deck 3. Unplug the cable connecting the tape deck to the computer 4. Plug the cable back into the computer 5. Turn on the tape deck 6. Reopen iMovie.
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iMovie HD
Hot Tip: When editing video, you always want to give yourself a few extra seconds before and after the piece you’d like to import, to make sure you don’t accidentally cut away from some piece of video you need. You can always delete those extra parts later in iMovie. Hot Tip: If you already have video digitized and saved in .mov or .mpeg form, you can import it into iMovie to edit, by going to File and choosing “Import”. The video will then appear in your ‘clips’ pane.
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iMovie HD Exercise Two: What is digitizing? Digitize three clips from your miniDV tape and write down the length (time code) of each clip. What is a frame? How would you write the time code for 1 hour, 22 minutes, 8 seconds 24 frames?
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iMovie HD Lesson Three: Saving Once you’ve finished digitizing your video clips, the first thing you want to do is save your project. To save your project: 1. Click on ‘File’ 2. Click on ‘Save Project’.
Hot Tip: You can also use a key combination to save your project. Hold down the Open Apple and S key to save. You should save once every fifteen minutes when editing.
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iMovie HD Chapter Two: Building, Cutting, Viewing Great! We’ve opened the program, digitized several clips and saved our work. Now what? We’ll be working with exercise files for the rest of the training, so you will need to copy the iMovie training folder from your external hard drive. Keep iMovie open, and open up the external hard drive from the desktop, and drag the iMovie training folder to the desktop. Lesson One: Building You should now have several video clips in your ‘clips pane’. The clips pane is the series of small windows to the right of your main window.
Building your project is pretty easy—just drag clips from your clips pane into clips viewer (timeline) at the bottom of the iMovie screen.
To build your project: 1. Switch to ‘edit’ mode. 2. Drag clips from your clips pane into the clips viewer/timeline. 3. Drag other clips to the timeline. You can re-arrange the position of the clips by clicking and dragging them on the timeline.
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iMovie HD
Vocabulary Lesson: A timeline is a chronology of your project. The timeline shows which clips come first, second and third. You can re-arrange clips in the timeline by clicking and dragging them.
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iMovie HD Exercise Three: Open the Ex_3 file from the iMovie training folder on the desktop. Drag the clips to the timeline. Arrange the clips in the correct order. (01 13)
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iMovie HD Lesson Two: Cutting Remember when you digitized video? Did you get a few extra seconds by mistake? Or maybe you want to divide the original clip up into two separate clips that can be placed in different parts of the timeline? Cutting is the way to do that. To split a clip (make a cut): 1. Make sure you have the clip you want to edit selected. 2. Drag the playhead to where you would like to make the cut. 3. Right-click on the playhead, and choose ‘Split Video Clip at Playhead’. 4. You will now have two separate clips, one just up to where you dragged the playhead, and one containing everything left in the clip after the playhead. 5. To delete the clip you don’t want, click once on the clip to select it, then hit the Backspace key. Hot Tip: You can also use a key combination to split your video clip. Hold down the Open Apple and T key to make a cut.
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iMovie HD Exercise Four: Use the Split Video Clip at Playhead option to make the following cuts: Cut the last two seconds from clip 01. Cut clip 02 down to 3 seconds. Cut clips 05, 06 and 07 so there is only one shot of Rob, our actor, doing each task.
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iMovie HD Lesson Three: The Timeline View There are two modes in which you can view or build your project. One is the clips view mode, which you’ve already seen. The other is the timeline view. Timeline view mode gives you more detail and is the mode you will want to stay in when adding special effects, such as sound or pictures. If you’re doing a longer, more involved video project with sound fades, transitions, and effects, you will definitely want to use the timeline view mode. You can switch from the clips viewer to the timeline viewer and vice versa by clicking on their respective icons. Timeline view is represented by the clock. The clips view is represented by the square film strip. In the timeline view, you will see three lines appear at the bottom of the screen. The delineations produced by these lines are called tracks. iMovie lets you see three tracks— one video track and two audio tracks. More advanced editing programs give you multiple video and audio tracks. You may notice that you only see data in the very top track—the video track—but you know you have sound with that video. When iMovie digitizes video, it keeps the video and sound tracks together—synched—for ease of use (this is an amateur video editing program, after all). But don’t worry, you can separate the sound and video tracks fairly easily.
Why bother separating the tracks? There are several reasons: • To fade sound • To delete sound • To burn large projects (20 min+) to DVD • To turn the sound up • To speed up or slow down video To separate the video and sound tracks: 1. Right-click on the clip you want to separate. 2. Choose Extract Audio from the menu.
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iMovie HD The other options that appear under the timeline view are: certain pieces of video).
Zoom: Allows you to zoom in on the timeline(not zoom in on
Sound Checkboxes: Allows you to turn on and off sound on all three tracks.
Hot Tip: Separating the sound and video tracks is sometimes a necessary step if you are burning a large project (20+ minutes) to DVD. Otherwise, your sound and video may not sync properly when transferred to DVD.
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iMovie HD Exercise Five: Try dragging the zoom slider to see the timeline expanded. Why would you need to separate the audio and video tracks? How many audio tracks does iMovie allow you?
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iMovie HD Chapter Three: Finishing Touches Now that you’ve got a basic outline, or rough cut of what your video is going to look like, it’s time to add the finishing touches. Lesson One: Photos & Sound (The Media Pane) Sound clips and still photos can help illustrate your point, add emphasis to certain areas, or even bring an element of humor to your video. For the first part of this lesson, we’ll focus on adding still photos. You can insert still photos into your video—and even animate them—with little difficulty. To insert a photo: 1. Click and drag your photo into the Clips pane. You can drop the file when you see the green plus sign. 2. You can now drag the picture into your timeline as you would a video clip. 3. You may need to wait for your video to render (as denoted by a small red line at the top of the clip in the timeline) before proceeding. Vocabulary Lesson: A partially-rendered clip
Rendering is the process the computer must go through to apply effects and transitions to your video. Rendering can take a very short amount of time, or a very long period of time, depending on how long the video clip is and how complicated the effect or transition. To edit the photo properties: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Click on the ‘Media’ tab. In the Media pane, choose ‘Photos’. Highlight the photo in the timeline. Click on the ‘Show Photo Settings’ button. A small, semi-transparent dialogue box will appear with several options for you to choose. Ken Burns Effect Gives the appearance of Zoom Slider animation. Will Zoom in or Allows you to out from a specified point of zoom in on one the photo. You have the part of the picture. option of choosing where the photo will start and finish animating by using Duration slider the zoom effect and clicking Changes how and dragging the image in When you are long the picture the preview window. appears 16
iMovie HD finished making changes, click the ‘apply’ button. The clip will render and be added to the end of your timeline. To add a sound effect to your video: 1. Click on the Media tab. 2. In the Media pane, choose ‘Audio’. 3. You will now see several lists of available audio effects. 4. Drag and drop the effect you would like onto the audio track in the timeline, or, move the playhead to the place you would like the audio to begin, highlight the file in the list, and click, ‘Place at Playhead’. Hot Tip: You can drag and drop sound clips from anywhere on your computer into the timeline. To edit the volume of a clip, you’ll need to turn on the clip volume levels. You can do this by clicking on View and then selecting: Show Clip Volume Levels. Now, look back to your timeline. You’ll notice that there are lines running through your video and audio clips. This line represents the sound level for each clip—the higher the line, the higher the volume.
To adjust the sound level of a clip: 1. Highlight the clip you would like to adjust 2. Click on the sound line in that clip. A small round marker should appear where you click. 3. Drag the marker up or down. 4. You can create additional markers, to raise or lower the sound level in another portion of the clip. Hot Tip: To change the sound level of an entire clip, you can highlight the clip in the timeline, and then use the clip volume slider located in the bottom left of the window.
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iMovie HD Exercise Six: Add the photo called ' return.jpg'from the training folder to the iPhoto library. Insert ' return.jpg'at the end of the video using the Ken Burns Effect. Make the clip 6 seconds long. Insert the ' foreboding'sound effect from the Skywalker Sound Effects list at the beginning of the project. Lower the volume in the first three clips so the foreboding sound effect nearly drowns it out.
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iMovie HD Lesson Two: Titles, Transitions & FX (The Editing Pane) iMovie allows you to add titles, credits and other types of text to your movie in the Editing Pane. To add a title: 1. Click on the ‘Editing’ tab. 2. Choose ‘Titles’ from the menu at the top of the screen. 3. Click on an animation scheme for your text. 4. Type your text in the appropriate boxes. 5. Make any changes to direction, color, font, style and size. 6. Make changes to the speed (how fast text moves into the picture) and duration (how long text stays before fading or moving out of the picture of your title effect. 7. Move the playhead to the place where you would like the title to appear. 8. Click ‘Add’. Hot Tip: If you need more space, click one of the text effects that say ‘multiple’. You can add or delete lines of text as you need them by using the + or – button. Transitions are short effects that help move the viewer from one clip to another. Transitions are not always necessary, but can be great in certain situations. To apply a transition: 1. Click on the ‘Editing’ tab. 2. Choose ‘Transitions’ from the menu at the top of the screen. 3. Select a transition that you like. 4. Choose the speed of the transition. 5. Drag the transition effect to the place on the timeline where you would like to insert the transition. Hot Tip: Just like the photos and titles, you will need to wait for the transition to render. Unrendered clips will have a red line through them and will not play correctly.
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iMovie HD If it never rains in California how do they get those lovely rainy day scenes? FX! To add a video effect to your video clip: 1. Click on the ‘Editing’ tab. 2. Choose ‘Video FX’ from the menu at the top of the screen. 3. Highlight the clip in the timeline you would like to add the effect to. 4. Choose an effect from the list. 5. Make any adjustments you need in terms of time, or other options associated with the effect (each effect has specific options—for example, Rain has the ‘amount’ and ‘wind’ options, while Mirror has ‘vertical’ and ‘horizontal’). 6. Click the ‘Apply’ button and wait for the effect to render. Hot Tip: Be sure to check out some of the video effects under ‘Quartz Composer’. To add a sound effect to your audio clip: 1. Click on the ‘Editing’ tab. 2. Choose ‘Audio FX’ from the menu at the top of the screen. 3. Highlight the clip in the timeline you would like to add the effect to. 4. Choose an effect from the list. 5. Make any adjustments you need in terms of time, or other options associated with the effect (each effect has specific options—for example, Pitch Changer gives you the options of ‘Monsters’ and ‘Chipmunks’, while Delay has ‘Less’ and ‘More’ and ‘Short’ and ‘Long’). 6. Click the ‘Preview’ button to hear your effect. 7. When you are ready, hit the ‘Apply’ button and wait for the effect to render.
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iMovie HD Exercise Seven: Create a title called Returning a Library Book at the beginning of the movie. Put it over black. Create a title that says The End at the end of the movie. Put it over the picture you inserted. Insert a transition between the fifth and sixth clips. Add the rain effect to the first two clips. Add another effect of your choosing (Audio or Video) to any of the clips in the middle.
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iMovie HD Lesson Three: Exporting Whew! You’re done editing! Now, how do you get that video to grandma? Exporting. From iMovie, you can export your movie to a DVD or to a small, self-contained video file that you can put on your webpage, iPod, or burn to a DVD. To export as a self-contained video file: 1. Click on File -> Export 2. Choose “ QuickTime” from the menu that appears. 3. Choose a format that’s appropriate for what you want to do with the file (e.g.: use Email you plan to email the file to someone). 4. Click “Share”. 5. Choose the location where you would like your movie file saved. 6. Click “Save”. Exporting onto a DVD requires you to use a second program, iDVD. To burn a DVD copy of your work: 1. Click on Share -> iDVD 2. A dialogue box will appear. Click ‘Share’ again. 3. iDVD will launch 4. In iDVD, you can choose to alter the way your DVD menu and submenus will look. 5. When you have finished altering your menu, click on the Burn icon at the bottom of the window. Insert your DVD-R into the Mac. 6. When the DVD is finished burning, eject it from the computer and put it in a free-standing DVD player to test it out.
Hot Tip: The CTLT recommends that you use DVD-R (not DVD+R) as this type of DVD is the most universal. Rewriteable DVDs are not recommended.
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iMovie HD
Exercise Eight: Create a self-contained movie file of your finished product. You’ve made a movie! Congratulations!
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