Photoshop Creative Cloud (cc)

Transcript

Photoshop Creative Cloud (CC) Photoshop is a graphics program used to design and edit graphics. Photoshop can be used to add special effects to an image, correct color and image flaws, and even remove parts of an image from a background. Photoshop is a very powerful tool and learning the “magic” of Photoshop takes time, practice, and experimenting with the different tools in order to learn the program. This class will focus on introducing you to the basic overview of the screen and demonstrating different ways to select parts of an image. Creating and Opening a Canvas When Photoshop CC is opened, the Photoshop Start screen will appear. From this screen, any recently opened files will be listed in the middle of the window. To open one of those files, click on the file name and the file will be opened. To open a file that is not listed in the recently opened files, click on the Open button, which will allow users to browse their computer to find the file that is to be opened. Creating a new Canvas To create a new file (canvas), click on the new button on the left side of the start screen. If the Photoshop start screen is not available, navigate to the File Menu, and then choose New… On the New Document window, Photoshop displays any recent file sizes that have been created. To create a new document, click on one of the recent files, or create a specific file size by entering in information on the Preset Details section, on the right side of the screen. To create a new specific canvas, provide a name for the file, the default name will be Untitled-#. To enter in a filename, type in the Untitled-# textbox. Under the file name, Users are able to provide a specific width and height for the new document. To change the width and height measurement type, click on the dropdown next to the width textbox. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 2 When the width and height have been entered, Photoshop will need a resolution. This option will be auto populated based on the recent file type that was selected. To change the resolution, type in the resolution textbox. What is Resolution? Resolution is determined by the number of pixels, or dots, in a linear inch. An image with a resolution of 72 has 72 dots in a linear inch. A higher resolution number will indicate a better quality image. The image size is determined by the resolution multiplied by the height and the width of the image. What resolution should be used? Below is a table that can help users determine a resolution that will work, based on the output for the image. Output Device Magazine quality Professional Photo lap printer Desktop color inkjet Large format inkjet Desktop Laser Printer Screen images Optimum Acceptable Resolution 300 dpi 225 dpi 300 dpi 200 dpi 330 dpi 180 dpi 150 dpi 120 dpi 170 dpi 100 dpi 72 dpi 72 dpi Color Mode The next option for a new canvas is the Color Mode. The color mode is an import based on the type of document that is being produced. The two most common Color Modes are RGB and CMYK. • RGB (256 Red, 256 Green, 256 Blue = 8-bit image, 16.77 million available colors, jpeg) is used as a default in most cases in which the image is not going to be printed. • CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black) is the best option for any image that will be printed because most high-end printers will print in CMYK. Note: A larger number of colors does not necessarily mean a better quality image. Most images will only contain several thousand different colors. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 3 Background Contents The final option is the Background Contents, which is the color of the background on the document window. The Background Color option will fill the document window (or canvas) with the background color selected in the Toolbox. Tip: The Transparent option is typically used for web graphics. When all of the options have been selected, click on the Create button. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 4 Creating a new Canvas from a Preset tab Photoshop also has an option when creating a new canvas, to specify the type of document that is being created, and then choose a specific preset or template for that document type. To see what options are available, click on the specific document type on the top of the New Document window. All of the document specific presets are listed on the top. These presents can be used exactly as they are, of a user may enter in document specifics on the right side of the screen by changing the width, height, resolution, etc. Templates are listed on the bottom of the window. Templates can provide a great starting point when creating a document, so it may be worth searching through the templates before creating a new document. Note: Most of templates that are listed are free, but they will have to be downloaded in order to use them. To download template, click on the template and then select the Download button. When the template has been downloaded, select the template, and then click on the open button. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 5 Photoshop Layout When a file is opened in Photoshop CC, this layout will display. The left hand side of the window should look the same every time a document is opened, but the right hand side can change based on the Workspace that is selected. Photoshop has several pre-built workspaces that will display the panels that are used most frequently with a particular file type. Note: When a Photoshop file is first opened, the Essentials workspace will be shown. To see all workspaces that are availabe within Photoshop, click on the dropdown arrow, or the workspaces icon on the right side of the Photoshop screen. To change a workspace, click on the dropdown in the upper right corner of the Photoshop window and select the appropriate workspace. The workspace with the checkmark next to it is the currently selected workspace. Even though each workspace has their own set of tools depending on the workspace selected, any tool can be used with any workspace. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 6 Customized Workspace If users notice that they are always adding new tools to an existing workspace, or if they are using tools that are not on a pre-built workspace, users are able to create a new workspace that will appear in the workspace dropdown. All panels are located on the Window menu within Photoshop. Any of the panels with a checkmark next to them will be visible within your workspace. To add a new panel, mouse over the panel and click on it. Photoshop will add the new panel into your workspace for you. When a panel is added, it will be opened in its new location, which is typically on the collapsed panels within Photoshop. Here is an example of the Navigator panel after it was added. To collapse a panel, click on the two right arrow icons. The panel is still available, but it is now located under the panel icon. To change the location of the new panel, click, hold and drag the icon to a new location. As you are dragging the icon, you will see a blue line that will appear to show you where the new location will be. To move any panel from the collapsed area, to the wider panels that are located on the right of the screen, click, hold, and drag the panel from its current location, to its new location. A blue line will show where the new panel will be located. To create a new workspace, add the tools/panels that are being used the most, and even delete other tool/panels if they are not being used. When all of the tools/panels have been added, click on the workspace dropdown and choose New Workspace. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 7 On the New Workspace window, provide a unique name for the workspace and then click the Save button. The new workspace will now be listed on the workspace dropdown. Note: Photoshop will always open with the workspace that was used last. If the Photography workspace was used and then Photoshop was closed, the Photography workspace will populate when Photoshop is reopened. Reviewing the Toolbar The Toolbar contains several different tools that can be used to edit or create images. Position the mouse cursor anywhere on the tool icon in the Toolbox and a yellow tool tip will appear displaying the name of the tool. To toggle the toolbox off and on, navigate to the Window menu and choose Tools. By default, the toolbar will always display on the left side of the window. To move the toolbox to a new location, click in the Title bar of the toolbox and drag it to a new location. Selecting a Tool To select a tool, move the cursor over the tool to select. Some tools have multiple tool options, which is indicated by a small triangle in the lower right hand corner of the tool icon. To see what other options are available for these tools, either click and hold on the tool, and a fly out will populate displaying the other tool options, or left click on the tool to display the flyout as well. To select a tool, mouse over the tool and right click with the mouse. Each tool has a shortcut key that can be used to activate the tool. The shortcut key for the tool is displayed on the right-hand side of the tool. Press the shortcut key at any time while working in Photoshop to switch to the tool tied to the shortcut key pressed. Press the Shift key + the shortcut key to switch between the tools in the hidden or fly out menu. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 8 Options Bar The Options Bar is located at the top of Photoshop screen, below the Menu Bar. The fields in the Options Bar are context sensitive, meaning that when a tool is selected from the toolbox the Options Bar will change to reflect options for the selected tool. Every tool will have different options, as we start using the tools, we will point out options for those specific tools. Here is an example of the Rectangular Marquee tool options bar. Here is the Lasso tool options bar Zoom Tool (Z) The Zoom tool is used to magnify and/or reduce a particular area of an image while editing. The percentage of the zoom level will display in the title bar of the image, the status bar of Photoshop and the Navigator Palette. To access the Zoom tool, click on the Magnification glass on the left side of the Photoshop window, on the Tools palette. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 9 Here are some other zoom toolbar options; • • • • Scrubby Zoom – Users can left click and hold zoom. Move the mouse to the right to zoom in, and move the mouse to the left to zoom out. 100% (Ctrl-1) – Changes the zoom level of the document to 100%. Fit Screen (Ctrl-0) – Resizes the image to a window size that will not require scroll bars. Fill Screen – Resizes the image to fill the screen horizontally When the zoom tool is selected, the cursor icon will turn into a magnification icon with a plus on it. Each time the mouse is clicked on the screen, the zoom tool will zoom in based on the Photoshop preset zoom percentages. To Zoom out, press and hold the Alt key while the zoom tool is selected. The magnification glass icon will now have a minus on it, which will allow the user to zoom out when clicking on the image. Zoom Tool Shortcuts Here are some options to zoom an image when the zoom tool is not selected. • Ctrl-1 - Zoom to 100% • Ctrl-0 - Resize image to fit window size • Ctrl + (Plus) - Zoom In • Ctrl – (minus) – Zoom Out • Ctrl – Spacebar – activates the zoom tool when another tool is selected. Navigator Panel The Navigator Panel is another way to zoom in or out on a particular area of an image. Depending on which workspace you have selected, you may not see the Navigator panel, which is indicated by a compass icon, navigate to the Window Menu and choose Navigator. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 10 The Navigator panel will now appear in the panels on the right side of the Canvas. From the Navigator panel, you are able to zoom in and out on an image by clicking, holding, and dragging the zoom slider, or by clicking on the Zoom In or Zoom Out icons. Your zoom level will be displayed on the lower left side of the Navigator. You may also type in a specific zoom percentage in the Zoom Level if you want to zoom to 105% for example. Hand Tool (H) The Hand Tools is used for panning around on zoomed in images. Tip: Switch to the Hand tool while using any other tool by pressing down on the Spacebar. Saving a Photoshop File To save a Photoshop file and preserve all layers, choose File, Save As, name the file, leave the .psd file extension and navigate to the drive and folder for storage. To save a file in a file format that is something other than .psd choose File, Save As and select the Format option from the file type and choose Save. Note: It is always a good idea to save a copy of the original image before you edit it by choosing File, Save As, and select the Copy from the Save Options. Paint Tools Photoshop provides several tools for painting and editing image color. In the options bar for each of these painting tools, you can set how color is applied to an image and choose from preset brush tips. Foreground and Background Colors The Foreground and Background color chips are located near the bottom of the toolbox. The Foreground color is black, and the default background color is white. Foreground Color The Foreground Color tool determines which color is used while using the paint tools. The Foreground color chip is used to paint, fill selections, and stroke (add a border to) areas of an image. Background Color The Background color tool is used when erasing the background of the image or when you increase the size of the canvas by choosing Image, Canvas Size. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 11 Changing the Foreground or Background color To change the foreground or background color, click on the chip that you would like to change. The Color Picker window will appear where you are able to select a new color. To select a color range, use the vertical gradient tool to display a specific color range, and then click in the color square to select a specific color within that range. Note: Users may also enter in an RGB or CMYK color on the bottom right, to add a specific color. The new color will display in the top middle of the color window picker. When the correct color is displayed, click OK. The color chip will now display the new color. Out-of-Gamut The out-of-gamut warning is a small triangle appearing to the right of the color swatches in the dialog box. What this means is the color that is selected, is not reproducible in CMYK mode, which means the color, as shown in the new box will not print on a printer as selected. Photoshop provides a sample of a color that is close to what you have selected, that will print, which is located in a square directly below the out-of-gamut warning triangle. Click on the small square to select the color. Swap the Foreground and Background colors To swap the Foreground and Background colors, click on the small doubled edged arrow located in the top-right corner of the Foreground and Background Color Control Box. Reset the Foreground and Background colors To reset the Foreground and Background colors to their default color of black and white, click on the small black and white color chip icon located in the upper-left corner of the Foreground and Background Color Control Box. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 12 Brush Tool (B) The brushes in Photoshop are not only used for painting. they can be used for drawing and selecting as well. Available options on the brushes option bar include; changing the opacity, pressure, blend mode and some have fade and wet edges as available options. Opacity Opacity works on a scale of 0-100%. A setting of 100% Opacity will cover everything you paint and you will not be able to see beneath the paint. Anything less than 100% Opacity will allow visibility beneath the painting depending on the Opacity setting. Mode There are several different Modes available to use when painting on an image, each adding its own effect to the image. Normal mode will allow users to paint over an image, just as a paintbrush would. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 13 Brush sizes Photoshop has preset brush sizes to select from while painting or drawing. Select the tool from the toolbox and choose a brush-preset dropdown from the options bar; it is the icon with a circle and a number underneath it. On the brush-preset dropdown, users are able to change the size and hardness, which will change the crispness of a line. The higher the hardness, the crisper the line will be, the lower the hardness, the fuzzier the line will be. Preset brush sizes can be chosen as well. These are listed on the bottom of the dropdown. To see even more brush options, click on the gear on the right side of the brush size dropdown. Note: Users would load other brush styles that have been downloaded from Adobe’s website or other internet sites in this location. Tip: The shortcut to increase the brush size is the closed bracket key ]. The shortcut to decrease the brush size is the open bracket key [. Creating Selections Selecting an area of an image allows you to isolate an area of an image that you want to work with. A dotted selection border, also called a selection marquee, indicates a selected area on an image. The area outside the selection border is protected while you move, copy, paint, or apply special effects to the isolated area. Marquee Tool (M) A Marquee tool will allow you to make a selection on a Canvas. The Marquee tool is located in the upper right-hand corner of the toolbox. The default marquee tool is the rectangular marquee. To see the other options, right click on the tool, or click and hold on the marquee tool. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 14 To create a selection, left-click and hold on an area of the canvas and then drag the selection. When the selection is the intended size, let go of the mouse button. Tip: To create a square or a perfect circle, hold the Shift key down while using the appropriate Marquee tool (Rectangular for a square, Elliptical for a circle). The marquee selection, the marching ants on the canvas, is a selection of pixels on the canvas. As long as the selection is still active on the canvas, the marching ants are seen, it can be moved. To move a selection to a new location, move the mouse inside the selection. The cursor will turn into a shite arrow with a seleciton icon below it. Now, click, hold and drag the selection to a new location. A selection can also be moved while actually drawing the selection. While drawing a selection, press and hold down the space bar. When the spacebar depressed, users are able to drag the selection to a different area on the canvas. When the selection is in the correct place, release the spacebar and the left mouse button. Tip: To create a selection from the inside out, hold the Alt key down while drawing a Rectangular or Elliptical selection. When using the Selection tools, the Options Bar can be used to add, remove and intersect selections of an image. The Options Bar also has a Feathering option to add feathering to a selection. To add to a selection on the canvas, click on the Add to selection or subtract from selection buttons within the Options bar. These will be available on all selection tools. Tip: The shortcut to add to a selection on a Canvas is to press the Shift key and the make another selection on a different area of the image. To subtract from a selection, press and hold the Alt key while making a selection. Testing the behavior of a selection Only a selected area on a canvas can be altered, meaning any modification applied to the image will only apply to the selected area of the image. To test the behavior of the selection, select the Paintbrush tool from the toolbox and paint over and around the selected area of the canvas. Notice that the paintbrush will only paint in the selected area of the canvas. Make an Object from a selection Start by drawing a selection on the canvas using the Marquee tool. Fill the selection with a Foreground color by choosing Edit, Fill, select Fill with Foreground Color, and press Ok. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 15 Deselecting an object When an object is selected, users must deselect it to adjust other areas of the Canvas. Deselect an object by using the shortcut of Ctrl-D. This can also be done by navigating to the Select menu and choosing the Deselect option. Feather Option The Feather option, which is located on the options toolbar when a marquee tool is selected, will blur or soften the edge of the selection. The Feather option has a range between 0 and 250 pixels. A setting of zero (0) would apply no feathering. To apply feathering to a selection, the feather field option must be set prior to making a selection. Click with the mouse in the Feather textbox on the Options bar and insert the number of pixels to feather. The feathering will apply to the border of a section on the image. If the Feather field is set to 2px, the border would blur, or soften, two pixels out from the border, as well as two pixels in from the border. Not Feathered Feathered 2 px Defining Marquee Styles Marquee styles will allow users to create a selection of a specific size. The default setting is normal, but this can be changed by selecting another option from the options toolbar. Here are the options that are available; • • Normal: Click and drag to make a normal selection. Fixed Ratio: Use the Fixed Ratio to set a height-to-width ratio. Enter values (decimal values are valid) for the aspect ratio, to the right of the Style selection. • Fixed Size: The width and height selection are set and defined in pixels. Just click on the image and an area will be selected according to the fixed size. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 16 Elliptical Marquee Tool The Marquee tool is located in the upper right-hand corner of the toolbox and is hidden behind the Rectangular Marquee tool. The Elliptical marquee tool works similar to the Rectangular marquee tool except that it makes a circular selection rather than a rectangular or square selection. Tip: Hold the Shift key down while making the selection and the selection will be a perfect circle. Anti-aliased When using the Elliptical Marquee tool, there will be an option to Anti-Alias a selection. Anti-alias is similar to feathering in how the selection will appear. If the Antialias box is checked, the edge of the selection will be smooth and soft. If the Anti-alias box is unchecked, then the outer edge of the selection will be jagged, and not smooth. Note: Depending on the resolution that is set on the file, there may be some jaggedness on an Anti-aliased object. Fill Tool The fill tool is used to fill in a selection, background, area with the same color or pattern. To start, create a selection on the canvas. Navigate to Edit on the file menu and choose Fill. On the Fill window, you are able to choose from the foreground or background colors, black, 50% gray, white, etc. If you didn’t change your foreground or background color prior to going to Edit, Fill, you are able to choose the Color option, which will populate the color picker window, where you can choose the color that you would like to fill with. Tip: To create a new pattern to use as a fill. Use the Rectangular Marquee tool to select a color or pattern you like on your canvas. Next, choose Edit, Define as Pattern and assign a name for the pattern. The Pattern you make will now be available to use from the Fill dialog box. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 17 Paint Bucket (G) The Paint Bucket is used to fill adjacent pixels that are similar in color to the pixels that are clicked on. The tool can also be used to fill selected areas or an entire canvas with a fill color. To use the Paint bucket tool, select the Paint Bucket tool from the toolbox, it is located under the Gradient tool. When you have the paint bucket tool selected, choose the color that you want to fill with on the foreground color chip. Mouse over the area that you want to change colors and click on that area. If you are changing the color of a gray circle for example, click anywhere within the gray circle and the paint bucket will fill all gray pixels with the new foreground color. Note: If there are objects on the canvas, text, Brush marks, etc., the paint bucket tool will not paint over these items. The Paint bucket will only paint over the color that is clicked on, and all adjacent pixels of the same color. For example, if a grey circle is clicked on, only that grey circle will change to the foreground color, not any other color on the canvas. Painting with a gradient Gradients are a painting that fade from one color to another, or from one color to white. Gradients can be applied to selections or to an entire layer. . To add a gradient to your image, select the Gradient tool from the toolbox. On the gradient options bar, you are able to gradient style you would like to use by clicking on the edit gradient dropdown on the left side of the options bar. Select a color scheme for the gradient. After the gradient style and gradient colors have been selected, position the cursor inside the image and left-click and drag across the image or canvas. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 18 History Palette The History Palette, which is located on every preset workspace, keeps track and records every step (state) that you apply to an image. The History Palette will allow you to Step Backward or Step Forward to remove or reapply any of these states. If you do not see the History palette, you are able to add it by going to the Window menu, and selecting History. From the History Palette, click on a state to see what your image looked like when that action was applied. You are able to easily go back and forth between steps to see if the step you added made a big difference, or if you do not need that step anymore. The number of states recorded in the History Palette is set up in the Performance preferences under the Edit menu, preferences, performance. The default setting for the number of history actions is 50, the maximum that are allowed are 1000. Note: The History will only appear while a file is open. When a file has been closed, all history is deleted from the file Deleting History Any step can be deleted by selecting the step to delete by clicking on it in the History panel, and then clicking on the trashcan icon in the lower left. Note: When a step is deleted, every step that was taken after that step will also be deleted. Photoshop will verify that the state is to be deleted with a popup window. Select yes to delete the state, or No to not delete the state. Note: If a state was accidentally deleted, it can always be brought back by using the Undo command, Ctrl-Z. Undo The Undo commands will only allow one previous step to be reverted. To undo the previous step, use the shortcut of Ctrl-Z. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 19 History Snapshot A snapshot is available automatically when an image is opened or created. A snapshot is a stored “point in time” or “picture” of your image. Numerous snapshots can be taken and viewed while the image is open and being edited. Once the image is closed, the snapshot(s) will be removed and not stored with the image. Snapshots are located at the top of the History Palette actual file name or with the name Snapshot #. Creating a New Snapshot A new snapshot can be created at any given state while working on an image in Photoshop. Select the Camera icon at the bottom of the History Palette to take a snapshot of your image. Navigate to the top of the History Pallet to see the snapshots. To rename a snapshot, double slick on the default name “Snapshot #”. Click on a snapshot from the History Palette to switch to that particular snapshot. Lasso Tools (L) The lasso tools allow you to select precise areas of an image by drawing or tracing the selection outline. There are three lasso tools available. Lasso Tool Use the Lasso tool to draw freehand around a portion of the image you want to select. Left-click the mouse and trace the area of the image you want to select. Polygon Lasso Tool The Polygon Lasso tool is similar to the Lasso tool where it lets you make a freehand selection of the image. However, the Polygon Lasso tool has an added feature where you can click on different points in your image to set corners. Setting corners while making selections is sometimes easier than trying to drag the mouse around multiple corners. Magnetic Lasso Tool The magnetic lasso tool is a great tool to use if the area you are trying to select has a very different color of pixels compared to the surrounding pixels. To use the magnetic lasso tool, click once to set the start point of the Magnetic Lasso tool and move the mouse along the edge of the image that you want to select. You do not need to click and drag, just move the mouse close to where you want your selection to be. When you get to the end of your selection, double-click the mouse on starting point to close the selection. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 20 Quick Selection Tools (W) The quick selection tool is used to quickly paint a selection on your Canvas. As you click, hold, and drag your selection, Photoshop finds and follows defined edges within your image. Magic Wand Tool The Magic Wand tool selects pixels based on the color of the originally selected pixel. The Magic Wand tool is located under the Quick Selection Tool. The Magic Wand tolerance has a tolerance setting between 0 and 255. A tolerance of zero (0) would select all pixels that have the exact same color as the original pixel. A tolerance of 255 would be the similar to a Select All, where all pixels in an image would be selected. The Contiguous option will allow you to select all colors that are touching each other. If contiguous is not selected, when you click on a colored pixel to select it, all similar colors on the layer, based on your tolerance setting, will be selected as well. Eraser Tools (E) The eraser tools allow users to remove pixels from an image by changing them either to the background color, or to transparent. There are three eraser tools in Photoshop; the Eraser, Background eraser, and the Magic Eraser tool. Eraser Tool The eraser tool will remove pixels on a layer by painting over the pixels. Select the eraser tool on the toolbar. On the options toolbar, you are able to change the size of the brush that will remove the pixels, just as you would when using the brush tool. Tip: The shortcut to increase the size of your eraser tool is the left bracket key( [ ), which is located on top of the Enter key. To reduce the size of the eraser tool, use the right bracket key ( ] ). Background Eraser Tool The background eraser samples the color in the center of the brush, also called the hotspot, and deletes that color wherever it appears inside the brush. To use the background eraser, select it from the toolbar. When you move onto your Canvas, make sure the center of the eraser is selected over the color range that you would like to remove. When you click, all colors that are similar to the color at the center of the background eraser tool will be deleted. In the example on the right, only red pixels would be removed since there are red pixels at the center of the tool. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 21 Some options should be looked at when using the background eraser tool in the options toolbar. Sampling options • Continuous – as the brush tool is moved, it is continuously sampling pixels to erase • Once – the first color under the hotspot will be the only color removed from the image. • Background swatch – the only color that is deleted from the image is the background color. Limits • Contiguous – only the colors that are adjacent to each other will be erased • Discontiguous – all colors that are inside the brush circumference are erased. • Find Edges – Works similarly to contiguous, but will work better if there is a fine edge that has to be kept within an image Tolerance – tolerance will change the range of erasable tones. The default setting is 50% tolerance. If the eraser is taking out too many colors that it is not supposed to be taking out, lower the tolerance setting. To take out more color, increase the tolerance setting. Magic Eraser Tool The Magic eraser tool works similar to the background eraser tool, but it will erase all pixels within the Canvas at once, versus having to move your cursor around the entire Canvas. The Magic eraser tool is similar to the Magic want tool in that it has a tolerance and contiguous setting, which are located on the Options bar. The tolerance setting has a range of 0 to 255. A tolerance of zero (0) would select all pixels that have the exact same color as the original pixel. A tolerance of 255 would be the similar to a Select All, where all pixels in an image would be selected. The Contiguous option will allow you to remove all colors that are touching each other. If you have two red circles that do not touch and Contiguous is checked, only the red circle that you clicked on will be removed. If contiguous is not selected, when you click on a colored pixel to remove it, all similar colors on the layer, based on your tolerance setting, will be removed. Note: Sometime you will have to adjust your tolerance to get exactly what you want removed. When you are doing this, use your Undo command, Ctrl-Z or your history palette. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 22 Layers Layers are one of Photoshop’s most powerful features. Think of layers as transparencies stacked on top of each other, where each layer can have different objects, pictures, etc. that can be moved and edited separately of each other within a Photoshop document. Layers are located in the Layers Panel, which depending on which workspace is selected, may be located on the bottom right side of the Photoshop Window. If the Layers Panel is not visible, it can be added by going to the Window Menu and selecting Layers, or by pressing F7 on the keyboard. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 23 Reviewing the Layers Panel On the bottom of the layers panel, there are seven buttons that can be used for visual manipulation or for layer organization. A. Link Layers – Allows layers to be linked together so they can be edited, moved, etc. as a single layer. B. New Layer Style – Add styles to layers such as, drop shadows, bevel and emboss, stroke, etc. C. Add Layer Mask – Allows for the ability to control the transparency of all pixels within a layer. D. New Adjustment or Fill Layer – Allows for non-destructive adjustments to layers such as brightness and contrast, hue/saturation, gradient, etc. E. New Group – Creates a group of layers that can be moved, edited, and or selected together as one layer. F. New Layer – Creates a new layer within the Layers panel G. Delete Layer – Deletes the selected layer(s) within the layers panel The Background Layer When an image is opened, or a new document is created with a white or colored background, that image or document will contain a single layer called the Background layer. An image can only have one background layer and the background layer order cannot be changed in the order of layers, it must always be the bottom layer. Neither the blending mode nor the opacity of a background layer can be changed. If changes need to be made on the background layer, the layer must be converted into a regular layer. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 24 To change a background layer into a regular layer, double click on the background layer within the Layers panel, which will populate the New Layer window. In the New Layer window, the default name for the new layer will be Layer 0. A new layer name may be typed into the Name text box. When the layer has been named, click on the OK button. The Background layer will now become a regular layer that can be moved, blending modes may be added to it, as well as the ability to change the opacity on the layer. The background layer can also be changed to a regular by going to the Layer menu, selecting New, and then selecting Layer from background. Note: If a new document is created with a transparent layer, that document will contain a regular layer called Layer 1 and will not have a background layer Renaming Layers Renaming layers within Photoshop can make it easier to determine which layer is which when editing a document. To rename a layer within Photoshop, double-click on the current layer name in the Layers panel. The layer name will become highlighted and can either be typed over with the new name, or one can hit the delete key to delete the text, and then type in the new name. When the new name has been typed, hit the Enter key to accept the new name. Creating New Layers To create a new layer on an existing document, click on the Create a new layer icon (it looks like a piece of paper with the lower left corner folded) on the bottom of the layers panel. Note: When a new layer is created, it will be placed on top of the layer that was selected prior to creating the new layer. The new layer will be given the default name of Layer 1, 2, 3, etc. To change the name of the layer, double click on the layer name to select the existing name and then type in a new name for the new layer. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 25 Another way to create a new layer is to click on the fly-out menu on the upper left corner of the Layers panel, and then select New Layer. The New Layer window will appear which will allow users to enter in a new name for the layer before creating the layer. It is recommended to type in a unique layer name and then click on the OK button to create the new layer within the Layers Panel. Tip: The shortcut to create a new layer is Shift+Ctrl+N. Duplicating a Layer Duplicating a layer will make and exact copy of an existing layer so the layers can be edited independently. To duplicate a layer, click, hold, and drag the layer to be copied over the New Layer icon, which is located on the bottom of the layers panel. Photoshop will produce an identical layer with the same name as the original layer with the text copy after it. To rename the duplicated layer, double click on the layer name and type in the new name. A layer can also be copied by right clicking on the layer to be duplicated, then select Duplicate layer from the menu. When duplicating a layer this way, Photoshop will ask to rename the new layer. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 26 Reordering Layers Layers work like transparencies in that the layer on top covers the layers below it. Any layer within the layers panel, with the exception of the background layer, can be moved in the layer order. To reorder any of the layers, click and hold on the layer that is to be moved and drag in to the new location. As the layer is being drug through the layers panel, a line will appear to show where the layer will be placed. When the line appears in the correct location, let go of the mouse button to place the layer in the new location. Moving Objects on a Layer A layer can contain one object or many objects. In order to move an object on a layer the layer must first be selected from the Layers panel. With the layer selected, select the Move tool (V) from the toolbox and then click, hold and drag the object to its new destination. Note: The background layer cannot move until after it has a new name. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 27 Show and Hide layers To the right of every layer in the layers panel there is an eyeball icon, which indicates layer visibility. When the eyeball icon is visible, it means that the layer is visible. To toggle the visibility of a layer on and off, simple click on the eyeball icon. Layer 0 and Layer 1 are both visible Layer 0 is visible; Layer 1 is not visible Layer Styles Layer styles are used to add special effects to text and images. Photoshop includes some pre-built Layer Styles that can be applied to layers and text or users can create Custom Styles. Multiple layer styles can be applied to a single layer. All layer effects will display as sub-items under the selected layer in the Layers Panel, so the layer effects can be viewed or unviewed by clicking on the eye icon next to the effect. Layer Styles include effects such as drop shadow, bevel and emboss, inner shadow and stroke, along with many other effects. The Layer Styles can be added by right clicking on the layer to add a style to and selecting Blending Options. Tip: Layer Styles cannot be applied to a background layer or a locked layer. To apply a style to the background layer, the background layer must be renamed from the default name of Background, which will turn the layer into a regular layer. Layer styles can also be added by selecting the layer to add the style to, and then navigating to the Layer Menu on the top of the Photoshop window, and selecting Layer Style. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 28 When adding layer styles, the Layer Style window will appear. The window consists of the available styles on the left side of the screen, options based on the style that was chosen in the middle, and a preview on the right side of the screen. To select a style to be added to layer, click in the checkbox to the left of the style. Multiple styles are able to be added to a layer, just make sure each style to be added has a checkbox next to it. As styles are added, the preview window, which is located on the right side of the screen, will display how the styles will look. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 29 Each style will have options that can be adjusted, such as stroke color, size and position, drop shadow opacity, angle, distance, color, etc. To view the options for a selected style, click on the name of the appropriate style on the left side of the window, so the style name is highlighted. Any options that are available for that particular style, will display in the middle of the Layer Style window. The preview on the right will change as any options are changed. When the styles have been selected and adjusted, click on the OK button on the right side of the menu to add the styles to the layer. Copying Layer Styles When a layer style is created, that particular style can be copied and applied to any other layers within the document. To copy a layer style, right click on the layer that has the style to copy, then select Copy Layer Style. Now navigate to the layer to add the style to, right click on the layer, then select Paste Layer style. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 30 Type Tool The type tool is used to add text to a document. To add text, select the Type Tool from the tool bar. When the type tool is selected, there will be options to select the font style, font size, color, alignment, etc. on the Type Tool options bar. To add a text layer onto an image, move the cursor to the location on the imager where text is to be added and then click, hold, and drag to create a text box. Getting the size perfect is not extremely important immediately, as the text box can be resized if need be. When a type layer is added in Photoshop, a new layer will be created within the layers panel. The layer name for the type layer will display as the actual text that is typed into the textbox on within the document. To rename the layer to a more meaningful name, double-click on the type layer and from the Layer Properties dialog box, type a new name. If the text that is within a text box ever has to be changed, the Type Tool must be selected before any text can be edited. Once the type tool is selected, move the cursor over the text within the document and click on the text to select it. When the text has been clicked on and selected, it may be edited. Formatting Text Formatting paragraph text is made easy when using the Type tools in the Options bar. Note: The Type tool must be selected in the tool box in order for the tools to appear in the Options bar. Formatting options can be chosen from the Options bar prior to typing text or typed text can be selected and then formatted. Text Size To change the text size, select the Type tool from the toolbox. With the Type tool selected, click, hold and drag the cursor over the text to be changed within the document. When the text has been selected, select a new font size from the Font Size pull down menu, which is located on the Type Tool Options bar. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 31 Text Color To change the text color, select the Type tool from the toolbox. With the Type tool selected, click, hold and drag the cursor over the text to be changed. When the text has been selected, select a different color from the Font Color icon located on the Type Tool Options bar. Tip: It is may be difficult to see the change in the color of text because of the highlight on the text selection. To remove the visible highlight from the selected text, press the shortcut key Ctrl-H to toggle the highlight off/on for the selected text. Anti-Aliasing Anti-Aliasing will smooth out the edges of text and blend the edge colors so that the text does not appear jagged. Anti-Aliasing is recommended for web graphics that contain text larger than a 14point size. Applying anti-aliasing to text layers with a font size of less than 14 points could cause the text to blur or be not as readable. To apply anti-aliasing to text, select the Type tool from the toolbox. With the type tool selected, click, hold and drag the cursor over the text. When the text has been selected, click on the Anti-aliasing (indicated by the aa icon in the Type Tool Options bar) drop down to select Sharp, Crisp, Strong, or Smooth. Tip: Typically, larger text sizes appear better with either Smooth or Strong anti-aliasing, whereas smaller text sizes appear better with Crisp or Sharp. It may be useful to select a couple anti-aliasing options to compare and choose the best option for the particular font and font size that is being used. Character and Paragraph Formatting More text formatting options can be displayed by selecting the Character and Paragraph panel. To open the Character panel, navigate to the Window menu and select Character. The Character panel, indicated by a capital A with a vertical line next to it, will open on the right side of the Photoshop window. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 32 Tracking Tracking adds spacing between all of the selected characters within a textbox. The Tracking tool is located in the Character Panel and is indicated by a VA icon with an arrow underneath it. To add spacing between selected characters in a text layer, select the Type tool from the tools from the toolbox. Next, position the cursor within the textbox and select the characters where spacing needs to be added. When the text has been selected, choose a number from the tracking drop-down menu, or type a number in the tracking textbox between the range of -1000 and 10,000. Note: Negative numbers move the character closer together and positive numbers move the characters farther apart. Tip: Tracking can also be done by selecting the text within a textbox and then holding the Alt key while hitting the right arrow (increase) or left arrow (decrease) keys to change the tracking between characters. Kerning Kerning is the amount of space between two characters within a textbox. The Kerning tool is located in the Character Panel and is indicated by a V/A icon. To add kerning between two characters in a text layer, select the Type tool from the tools from the toolbox. Next, position the cursor between the two letters where spacing needs to be added. When the cursor is the correct location, choose a number from the Kerning drop-down menu or type a number in the Kerning field between the range of -1000 and 10,000. Note: Negative numbers move the character closer together and positive numbers move the characters farther apart. Tip: Kerning can also be applied without going through the Character Panel. Select the Type tool from the toolbox and then position the cursor between the two characters to apply kerning to. Now press and hold the Alt key while hitting the left (increase) or right arrow (decrease) to adjust the kerning. Rasterizing Type A Photoshop warning box may appear when applying Filters to text layers stating that the type layer must be rasterized before proceeding. Rasterizing is the process of changing text layers into a bitmap image, which is made up of pixels. Note: When rasterizing a text layer, the layer will no longer be editable as text. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 33 Spell Check Text Photoshop does have a built in spell checker that can be used to check the spelling of all text layers within a document. To use the spell checker, navigate to the Edit Menu, and select Check Spelling. Tip: When using the spell checker, make sure the type tool is not selected. If the type tool is selected, the spell checker will only check the spelling on the text layer that is selected within the layers panel, not every layer that contains text. Photoshop will pause when it finds a possible error, and the word in question will appear in the Check Spelling Dialog box. Photoshop will offer Suggestions to the word in question. If the word is incorrect, select one of the suggestions, or retype the word in the Change To text box, and then click Change. If Photoshop questions a specialized term that is spelled correctly, the user may choose to either ignore the word, by clicking on the Ignore button, or choose the Add button to add the word to the current custom dictionary. The next time spelling is checked, Photoshop will not question the new term unless it is misspelled. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 34 Saving a file with Layers Any time a Photoshop file has layers, at least one of the files that is saved must be a .psd file. A .psd file is an essential file type to save a Photoshop file as because it will preserve all layers in the document, which will allow anyone who opens the file to be able to view and edit all layers in the file. Saving a PSD file To save the Photoshop document as a .psd, navigate to the File menu and select Save. On the Save As window, choose the location to save the file by selecting the drive on the left side of the window, enter a name for the file in the File name text box, verify the Save as type has Photoshop (*.PSD; *.PDD) selected, and verify the Layers option on the bottom of the window is checked. (By default, the Phothshop .psd file type and the layers options will be selected.) When all changes have been made and settings verified, click on the Save button. It is recommended to always have a current copy of the file as a .psd in case the file ever needs to be edited with al layers intact. © Technology Training Center Colorado State University Photoshop CC – Part 1 Page 35