Transcript
Strategies and Technologies for Plug-In Equipment Efficiency
November 18, 2014
Pierre Delforge, NRDC
[email protected]
Agenda 1. The problem • Why does plug-in equipment energy use matter?
2. Technologies • What can be done about it?
3. Strategies • How to make it happen? 2
3
The Electronics Invasion
Bluetooth LED bulb: 1.5 W when off
Electronic faucet
Touch-screen washing machine
Digital Light Switch Wearables
Fridge with display and connected 24/7 4
100
Total Home Electricity
60
40
Active, 68% 20
Recirculation pump 24/7 Lights
120
Audio/video AT&T U-Verse modem Apple time capsule Air conditioner/handler Lights Audio/video Medical equipment Audio/video Furnace controller Printer/Fax/Copier Shredder Medical equipment SNE - Misc Medical equipment Clothes dryer Toilet seat Mobile phone Media player Irrigation system GFCIs and AFCIs Coffee maker Furniture Microwave Mobile phone Toilet seat Adapter/battery charger Cordless phone Power strip Audio/video Smoke and CO detectors Printer/Fax/Copier Stove/range Audio/Video Adapter/battery charger Adapter/battery charger Adapter/battery charger
Watts
Roughly one third of total home electricity used by idle loads, drawing power 24/7 Idle (24/7) Loads in Sample Home
80
Idle, 32%
0
58 devices contributing to 89% of home idle
40 - 60% idle load reduction potential through simple no-cost or low-cost measures 5
What are these idle load?
Continuous (24/7) loads Plug-ins Electronics
Appliances
Miscellaneous
6
Hard-wired
Commercial Plug-Ins Even More Challenging Broader diversity of commercial building end-uses, results in larger variety of plug loads
CALIFORNIA COMMERCIAL END-USE SURVEY Figure E-1: Commercial Electricity Use by Building Type
7
Data Centers: The Vampires in Commercial Building Closets
One of largest and most rapidly growing plug load in the commercial sector Majority of energy used in small and medium server rooms and closets NRDC, Data Center Efficiency assessment, 2014 www.nrdc.org/energy/data-center-efficiency-assessment.asp
8
TECHNOLOGIES
Title
Solutions for plug-in equipment efficiency
Mobile vs. Plug-In Efficiency
Annual Energy Consumption Slate / Tablet
10
Notebook
75
Integrated Desktop ("All-in-One")
250
Desktop with Monitor
310 0
100
10
200 kWh/year
300
400
Technical Design Matters Game Consoles: Xbox One vs. Xbox 360 Xbox 360 (2013)
70
Xbox One (Launch)
233 Annual Energy Consumption (kWh/y)
18 watts in voice standby (at launch*)
Xbox One Annual Energy By Mode
Xbox One (Launch)
44%
233
Connected Standby
Navigation/Other
Media
Game Play
11
2.5 watts in voice standby (*) 12.5 W as of October 2014
Keystroke Sleep
Apple MacBook Pro
Real-time power management: putting the computer to sleep between keystrokes 12
... energy management and design
Demo of Advanced Power Scaling on Plug-In Device
Before / After Power Levels* Power (watts)
10 8
-55%
6
-84%
4 2 0 Active Before
Idle After
* Project under California Energy Commission’s Energy Innovations Small Grant Program: Unified Power Control for Set Top Devices
STRATEGIES Policy solutions for plug-in equipment efficiency
14
Policy Toolkit • R&D grants • Emerging technologies • Rebates • Education & behavior
Efficiency Programs
Voluntary Programs • ENERGY STAR • Voluntary Industry Initiatives
Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) • Product-specific • Cross-cutting
Voluntary Program Opportunities for Plug-Ins Voluntary labels
• ENERGY STAR • EPEAT
Applied R&D
• e.g. California’s EPIC (Electric Program Investment Charge)
Emerging Technologies
• Development and deployment of new EE measures and practices
Incentive Programs
• Influence of consumer purchasing & retail offering • Early product replacement
Education and Behavior Programs
• Energy data analytics • Field audits and EE kits
Efficiency Standards 250
Vertical / product-specific standards • •
All or most of energy consumption of a specific type of device E.g. audio/video, televisions, computers…
24/7 idle (watts)
200
150
100
Horizontal / cross-cutting standards 50
• •
E.g. external power supplies, battery charger systems… Common functions or components across many products
0
Plug-Ins “Long Tail”
Standards Opportunities Vertical Standards • • • • • •
Computers and monitors Small network equipment Game consoles Audio/video Data center equipment Imaging equipment
Horizontal Standards • • • • •
Standby power Internal power supplies Power factor Energy reporting Power scaling
Takeaway
Majority of home electricity and growing rapidly
Under-addressed policy area Technology solutions exist
Increased policy focus needed
19
Thank You! Thoughts or questions?
November 18, 2014
Pierre Delforge, NRDC
[email protected]
