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Probing The Standard Model: Preparation Of A New Electron Asymmetry Measurement In The Decay Of Polarized Neutrons

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(  & 34)   6  ,32 "  & (75 (,  &   u  7 S &  )  + T & (2   > + ^ +  $/1     ($/ C )  7  (R  &   F   ! $B?)   6    + +51&     (  Q ( ' (  , h (         5 /72231  n     + & = >= $& $ $ &  , (  #  #  &,  FF NI   & & ,    $ &  H #  $ "  ". & ' #    +!   0  # J    )9   !#" " H I _G   7  1 1    15000 200 12000 150 9000 arbitrary units arbitrary units 250 100 50 3000      $ = 0 -0,006 -0,004 -0,002 0,000 0,002 0,004  angle [rad/Å]  0 -0,04 0,006 "  >! 7/P/0 + 0  4  ,1  0 1 , , ' 0 1    0 - ,(+   0 1/    0 81   - 0   0 1 1(87+  !  D   1 ,+ ! 1 2 (1 87+ X+ ! 8!   1D   ! 0  0  P+1(87+   ! 1 #, ,'2  6000       H= -0,03 -0,02 -0,01 0,00 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 angle [rad] "  +0 - ,(+   0 1    1(8 ,+* + !'0   ! 0 /,+ 0 1 , 0 1(8    ! ,-  !  / 8,0! 1( D' + 2 +2  7+  ! 0  0 !- ,(0 +  ?,' <  ' 0 5 B! - 8! 1P '1 0 .#!   -  ,! - 1@ ,1 7N ?<   - ! P'-$ .#0  ,+7+ ! 0 !  % 2 C 0      F  < (681 4A@) F    6   ! "   "  ( = b    &  7&   7#)'(1       (    7))    #  4(Q.1  & 21   ("  (C  R04      " + ,  ,7    83     02  $'  (8"  3 383 C     V '2+ ' W 8[ ^ ? Q V    S 7   '2+ % W Q4$'(   L ' (!&     & )7) ! . (!)   6  ' 8  3 /`b 38 (, &  5^ + ?  !3     3 #      "/ (3 C  7 & 1 ' ( 2  7  3$'  ( 2"4)   6    N HH  R#$B QB (  (     3R3 (8  )   33 C  7 & 8' ($'() 104   &  &  3V S 7   '+  W + - ("  2  8 ( , (!4)   6   5 " ,    &  7 ("0  f3 C  7 &  '$B E#3   & / (     3  2n04 ( 3 (')  B3 ( 7 L B)  $B X (   )    38V & (2  * > + ^ + % W Q $/E $% ( " (  )B7 ) !3     0 2    01   $'(  10  $/   ( "13   %3     0 2  4Q2$'( & ( 2  ) 3/"&  '  ,  3 &  380 @>2^"I +     3   # 3# ( 2 3, ( C<  =  A 3  ' & 3   ? & / (& 2    & ?. $'  &  !(  ("A Y  .  &  &   #  / B070)  3")   8 ) 5&   C     +hJ )  (   ( 2  C ) 2&D    8 #+ - ( 1 2  $B C )  7 (  !  )    3? 8 (C ) 2&    8 '$   ( (   )  ' G  > % b ` Q 1[ V '2+ % W  +  +  2  /$'  (1) 7!$/ C )  7  ( 1 ,83   &   31  C   3)  + % ^H N (         ^ X 1   & ,$B!3"    5 (,0 ) 2 J1 [2n JhV WB3 V '2+ W D $'  ( (  !3   &   '02/$/,3   & ' ( D A $/  7(  31& 2   2n J E [ D hJ V W  3 V '2+ >W $'(    [%^^HH f %   5 (" (  )XC ) 2&    +J  &   B (  Q (& 2   2n ,)   & ) )  3   (  )X K  C)  &  2n + P,& ) 3 2  , (0 ) 2  2n? !)  $B 5 (? ( & 2   2n1  &    + T ? (  )   4Q4$/  8& 2   2n?)J E [%^_ H! %  & %$!& 0 ( 3# (  & 3 )   6   + 6 !0F 0  !3# 2 3 &   !F;=  "b  2   ) )'" ?&    dUh V 4!Q  (#W  2  &  8 (  +8  - (7?  ( (  CU P  A 8  )0  123)    (   3 $'  (14)   ( )  !38 (  ) 3 3$'  (804 1 004  + +' (  $'  , ( 87 23     310 1 ( ( )  \ ( '& 2) B ( 7 '31& 8&     ,0& E7  38 3     + N1      X ( $ (B_ H,h  (  )2 2  /V    7  : ! ^  M!W 23& 5V G ' 1* _ H2W4    2  '  U P U8?H + s2 & , (!&   '  &   8 & )  '$'  ( D    Q ( ' 2       !(&   B "     / (' 23&     / .& ) 3 2  .$'(/ B350  (5   )      8 8 8  8 #8 8  8    8 D8      7  \ / & (83 ( 7 \31 (,0     +          .   +5 2  X6 3" ) 7 $ (0"&& E7) )    3 13     v +h 5- (?/)         h ) h #&  0   $/3" 0 "& (2   C2 X71((   7 (#7/ )  (& 0   Uh# P & A    )   & 380 8 &      71 (!3 ( 7   (    !0& E27  38  3&   1& #0!& (  C 3#0    7,3 ( 7 h . $B "     ('3 &  "C) / 5 (X (' )  3"7) / 4 ('3 ( 7    #       (13   &   " "" ) )B!4   0)  +?J 2  &  ( C  ) )/0  F  6   3      3#0 1 ("0  % 04  Q4 (!4  7 . (!3 ( 7 '(' 0!3 &     38$'(   (   38 $B    \ (,  &        Q&    7")  $/ /&  5    + - (/0& E7  3 ( ) 30/. ) )2X4   0) B h ( X  9.:.;'<5:5=R> > Q( & /  X  3 & A   (B( 7( .     " " ('2   6    ! 2&    +.- (50& E27  3"     ('3 ( 7   X    )2  Q$'(    X (/3   & ' ('3 ( 7      ('3   &   + s2 & '   B)  " 4   ) ! (, "0 /h 2  '(    7, (,3 ( 7 1Q2 ( / "0 / ( ) 3 0    6  31 (,)  ' + x'  7# (1 7       3   )    7#  ) )   2  "$B87 " (1 ) )  $' 7    ) ! 5 (2   6  3?& ) )    # 2    + T !7 C , (  6  "34    #/ (04   %'&  + # "%'  &  "    &    & $ &  ,#    "&   (    ",",+ +  # +.& '  1 # #+  ",'  ()0'   # +  ", *  #  " &  0  #  "%  !  +$ #  ! & $ & &, "",+  + # 9 ", #  , !    " G Z 7R R`  J H J H F G I I 2^ _  )    'V    ) )       W Q  ('4  &   7'  2  .(    75 ( L3" (' 23&   "    h  ' 2   D 3   &  n   2    '           )   6  /3 ( 7  H % ? + H '%+ H > ]+ ' ^ LH + __ >#H ?H 3 ( 7 %H ^ ?^ % > + H ' ^ + H %2+ ] H LH + H^ % ^ ?  3 ( 7 f_ _^ ' ^ ' > + H ^ %+ H _ %2+  ' LH + H % _ ' H ' 3 ( 7 u^ ^H ' ^ ''+ % _ G + G  + > ] LH + H^ % > ] 3 ( 7  ' ^ % GG '%+ % ^ H + % _ + ^ G LH + H2_ G ? 3 &  C)  _ ^ > + ^ ?H + H > + % G LH + H ' A  H > % 0     G2^ % _ A A > + % G LH + H '   %] &  5   D'V ] ^ H ^ ] W 6 V PX) 2nDB^ _ H /&  ' W d  (8 (  3 ( 7 f  6  5$/"02  ?13 &  #C) "'_^ > + ^  ?H + H  ^ ] H  +b  A   7,!& 2    2n h^ _ H .&  B " ('  & 34)   6   Q$B5 n & /!&  /   ' V ] ^H w^ ] W 6 +B- ( '   "_ HI\( 7( B (8   )    3$'  (1 (,   8B_ GG ] Q$'(   ' ( 0& E27  3"     (B)  .3 ( 7 L X  3 &  30 G^,Ia  & B$B' (   3"3 ( 7  '  $B    \ (, &    ) )    . "02  1" ) )  B )  37) 5312   6  3 (,  ( /3 ( 7  + PX 7   '+ >" ( $'/ (5   )    30  %  S ) 5 (5  /3 ( 7 B  ( /&  S 7     + PX 7   '2+ ]  ( $'5(  6  )h38C    & )X& 2 ' (  7(8 (!&    , . (!3 ( 7  +'- (   )    / n24 &   31 045& &    5$'  ( #_ H! ^ HI +    1  ( 1 6   )*     *  %'& %  *** *** *  %$& %   ^^ N ( 50   ^ X 1  50 diaphragm 0 40 y [mm]       diaphragm 1 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 -20 -20 -30 -30 -40 -40 -50 -50 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 x [mm] 1,000 175,9 0 10 20 30 40 50 x [mm] 350,8 525,6 700,5 875,4 1050 1225 1400 [arbitrary units] 50 50 diaphragm 2 y [mm] 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 -10 -10 -20 -20 -30 -30 -40 -40 -50      H=   -50 -40 -30 -20 diaphragm 3 -50 -10 0 x [mm] 10  20 30 40 50 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 x [mm] * 10 * 20 30 40 50  "    >/ - ! + #1  '0    ! P8- 7/+  0 1,'/74  1   ! +  0 -,(+ *  0 1  !   0 1(8  #1,+ ! 1 2  @.#0  @!   1(87+ 0 1('0    @  0 N ?'0 ! 78 10 1(8 2 ?8!  4 ! ,80 1B0 1 #0 /4 1 ,+ ! 1 2  1  ( 1 6      ^'    1400 1200 diaphragm 0 diaphragm 1 x fixed y fixed 1200 x fixed y fixed 1000 1000 arbitrary units arbitrary units 800 800 600 600 400 400 200 200 0 0 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 -50 -40 -30 -20 position [mm] -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 position [mm] 900 800 diaphragm 2 diaphragm 3 x fixed y fixed 750 x fixed y fixed 700 600 arbitrary units arbitrary units 600 450 300 500 400 300 200 150 100 0 0  -50 !  " +    -40 = -30 -20 -10 0 10 position [mm] 20 30 40 50 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 position [mm]   ! 0 1  7+N1('5  !  0  P+( ,+  ! ,(8   1 !@(  0 - ,(+   ,'/ 1     ,!>'0 ! 78-  2 " !# >38 !#/K !  2 2 & 9.:.;/<,:5=> >   " $/ %#% H  _ >H  J T @ ) +5p % H % )    & &    ) )    #3   &   " (  & C  X (B )  &   "E    &.   7 !  ')  7( + Ph & (" &    ) )    Q  (B( X B3   &   3  '     ("(   )   )     5b N )   H %    'b N b N b.- s2xRC 5)  n 7)  h7  3  +X- ( (   )   )    0 . '   3B (BC&  2   3( C/ 5$/ E" ! ( 7   & S  ) 3  h (, 4 &        Q$'( & (8 /  n2   ) 1^HH -  / (  /     + x'3    3 7! ('3   &  B    \3  .    ' C ' .      ) .!  &      n     +!- (    !$/"4    38   ! n     '$'  ( 2, 2  5 13     !      &  + 5    '! $d3 C2 & ' ! n  ' (53   &  . &   3 (5   )  B  (       '  ( /& (2   +    5   7 ()  8 n24     1$'  (a9.:.;'<5:5=u> > Q/ (?   7 d& )  0   w! (?3   &    2    F$/31$'  ( $/& )  0    7?&      )  D#O.& (w 5 (  &     ,?() ,3  E &    7" (  ! 3 &   C,    &  5 8      384     Q  ' '4   0) ,  n24 ! ( 3   &   , 8) ? ,#& )  0    #    &  Q.3  3 78? (7)  ,B (&       ) 3  E + x'2       ) "  X . .4   0) B ,3   & B    )2 4 &  . ! ('3   &  h  &   !$'  (  ( 5      +    7 (")   *          Q ("   )X   ) 2   8$/!3       3? #  A  C&    3       . (53  !& K        +  & '$B'$/  5/0) /    .   ) & (7 '  (,3   &  /  &   13   7! 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"   '&H  ( + "  , #  " & ' &,   #0 #       + , " !."   # '  ( '  ( '  (    ", , # G H K K H H'K I H H I                 ^]     100 decay volume image in scanner plane image on scintillator scintillator boundary max. gyration radius curvature drift 80 60 40 y [mm] 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -250  "  / $ H= -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 z [mm] 250  - P8  +1('0 1(8?'  4 5 7+ ,- 0 1 * + 11!'0   1 ?$ #-  ! -  -  1 ! %@ 1(' 1     0 1 0 + +   ! $ B- -% N    0 7+'! ! !0  - 0 1-/  3  '0 !   0 1 0 1   5P+ ,@ !    0 -  ,'  ! - 1+,- ! 0  P+' P+  ,(+   0 1 2    0 !  + @0 ( 1 '0     #-  +0 - P+(8P4!   0 1 ! 7'0 , 1('  #! ! .*80 5   >'0 !   0 1    ,! 5 ,!   '! 0   -   0 1  2  '    0 1D0  ! 0 -   ,+ 4 - -  1('D  1./  1, 87+   , '2    (#,[      _ H    % '  &  ( /& 7!! 3   C)   &C  Q  (,/& h C   n, 3    ' ) & 1_045) B ( '' & 7)  & )  )  3 + &  + s2 &  8 - (" n  # . ("3 &  8C) !3!  (" ( 7    7   & S  ) 3# 5 ( $'?  S 7   %2+ ^ + s2 & . ( 7   & S  ) 3!    7 (!   X    4)   3,   a    & )   )     Q $/'  5   B ,^\ " (54     (5 &    ) )  X B & (1  +.- ( S 7   3       B ( / (  , B 0)  $'  ("3 &  C) 'X^ ] H \)  7(/3@?H  (  7('V  ( A 3    ! $   .)     3,0 ! ( 7   &    h  & .3! (B04  )   W  (  7. , (* G,q A s2&  X) .$BX    53     . (B    !  (Bm.0 A  (  ) 3 7  h (, &  '& )  0       &  + * &    2                 - (          X$B  /4    3 ! (/ $w n    .() )2 (/( 2  & .3         3 ) 0  7 +   & ( 3  " &    ) )    #3   &  ,$'  (?  ,(   )   )    5   (1 4 &       3) &  3 (@G,q A s2&   K  4 3$'  (R#$B E0   2 (dV  J  W A    &  ' n&  )   (  33) 5  (53 &  C)  +.- ('$'() 5   $// C&    31 (  ". + +   ", (, , ' $ " " &  0 !  "  ,  ( +    &  ! #  +  " $+ # *  9 $  #  , #   ", (    & ," +'  ,   *  +#   1$& 0& 0 '  ' ","0 "  "01 #  1  # &   1 " 0 (   ' +# #   "% '  "  "#$' )' & "' " )&  ,# ! 1  (  '  # ( & " +0#   *, 9 '(  # ",# ' .! # $9 +  "   +# $*   9&,  '  "   ", ( "   '  "  # ! F ZF  H H H H 7R ` FY V H I ^` H H +I I  F  T F J ^? N (         1750 1400 0 T (without hysteresis) 0 T (with hysteresis) 1200 1250 counts 1000 counts 0°, 1.1 T 10° , 1.1 T -10° , 1.1 T 0T 1500 800 1000 600 750 400 500 200 250    "  =$ H= ('  ' "  @$ $ (= 87 +    0 50 0 100 150 200 250 300 350 400    -,(+  0 (+ 0 !   !    .#0    1 .#0  ,+#74  !  0 #  2      !   5  5 ! 4.+ . !  7+ ,+ 0 1 ',   D,1 +1 .#1#/ 5+0 ,!   ,  ,'  *   0 1 0 + +   !2     $%) 50 channel  100 150 200 250 300 350 400 channel   *     ! -  ,! ,'   0 N!  1 B 1  2  D - (+ 0    0 1 0  1   1(8,'  !  1  1(87+ /   .1   1('  2     _ H !0/)  C )3 ( 7   & S  ) 3$//C   31& &  3 7! " (5 2& / .       + ' !  !(&   /(   )   )    S n2   2   \         B$B  '4    3 $'  (") , (  /  (B 0 X04 &   //  (  $/. .&  )  3" 4  ) ! ' (/)  n 7)   )  7(!7  3 +1- 8 C 3?)  7(!)     Qh$/)   3#C& 7   04  $B   ()  n 7)  ,3  (,(   )   )     + ‡) ! K[TG U%Y^SWR%STG O^YO^lmSTFVU*hFO+ . , + ' 2     " (;87+$ 1000  42 H= 51 68 85 1100 magnetic field [mT]   '    !8 0 1 !'0 ! * 11 1! - P+ 0 ,'   @ ,(+ + ,+ '  2 #2 '0 ( 1   1 ' !'11(87+ /   .1  1(' 2      )         3  ( )  S &    ?& (7130 &   $B17! (  $' 34 E#  ) )        + ,3      31 (! E1    10  Y    S   +'- (!   ) 5 / (' (  )  S &     /&   ' /17) ,0  $/  8H  3#_ H  + b 33   ) ) Q4$/     3 4 &   8  J .!3    "7)  V H  QB_ H  3? $/1     $'  (#3 4   ,       &  h4    C!7) " 3 &    Q4 (5 (" 3? . ("(   )   )   /     3  $B 3. (5 2  04  Wh .( 7(3)  $ 7   & S  ) 3   7, (,9.:.;/<,:5=w> > )    & &    ) )   53? (   1  ,(   )   )   ' 04 ! #C&  + s2 & " (   !  EC2   0) 5 /H - Q$B!(31     ,/C  1)  $ 7   & S  ) 3'3  n  )   5  6    + PX 7   %+   ( $'' (!  &     $'  (8( 7(1       &  A ,& 8  , (! ( 'X (  /4 E + P) )        Q $B S    35 (   J  A mh E   7/ Y    &   5  n     + - (#3   &  17 R )  6  3R ? ( n2   7   & S  ) 3 V _ + _ - W  ) )      3w  S 7   %+ >D/P'H   ("7 15)  $ S  ) 3' 5 )  7( ) 1( 7( / (8 "_ + _ - Q / ("  & 3       1V 0W5$'  (?( 7(?       & !3?  !(   )   )    5 ! !8)    ) "0 , 28)  $ +  & ,$B,$' ) ) S n (,(   )   )   X 04 ' 517) , '  3   7! (, n24     +  & !&   ‡) ! … 8 UƒSWU%ZƒSWO [d ?[ƒG l S T ! 5 4  5 5 ("      & ,. (      , ( , ("(   )   )   ' )  S A &   # '&   ! 1   +  3!8_^D % H(       5 1& ( & E8 ( '04 ( C   3)    3 (5     ( 4   J 4 E  S 7   %2+ ]+ T ' ( $'B")   . ( / '2+  & ( ) B ( 7( /   7   + !&  'H N (         350 201 00:25 12:42 200 250 200 counts peak position [channel] 300 199 198 100 50 197  "  '  $ ( 8= 00:00    150 02:00  ,! 0 1 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 time [hh:mm] @! 0     ,!  2 , ! &    ;$ H= 0 12:00  14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 channel "   -  0 1! + '! 0  '0  1 ',   1(8@0 1  >'    !80 1 / ,+>',@  1B   #0 1  ,+   ! 10   2   0 - ( 83     )  ) &    3R0 R?& (78 5 (8 )  S &    0 &   1 ( "$B ) 3R  23  (!  &   f 5)  $L   7   + T 1 ( '  7 1 (,$'() ! 4 &   u ' (   3V S 7   %2 2+ ?5W!  3$/ 1  02  A  0 )  6   438  )  &,^ #& &( Q4 (  )5 +  4s2 & !& ($B 8) 3# 04 " 0 3 ,($'  (# )  &       & "5$' #  (  A   A & 3    3 C2     + N8   C  QB$B1$' ) )B( CC   ( 3 #& K      & & )   V   2   W.$'  (8& )  0           ' 104  $B  4Q4 ( '3   &  '3  /  , X  C  ) (  '&     2  ' 0)   + ‡   MVR1 4+*  0  0 1> B ,!  2 -   ,! - 1 >.  !  ! - ,' , * ,   ./  - ,(+  0 (+ 0 !  1    0 'B    0 1  0 + +  !  1('  .#  , (7 + -     - - .#0 '+ 2 100  200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 channel  +   !  (  .   * -,  0  0 !  #  ,+   ! 1# ! -    *  0  0 1 4X< 7B - - 1('.4X<  - - ' 1 D!    >  0 1  0 + +  !D! ! + 470   @-  0 - 7+0 8   '  4X5 7+ ,-   ,(+ '/  - P+ + !  1  - - 2    E A@S   )  3w!   _ ] H =  - - (3 1   ) & E !,( B )  (F A 3 & 2 )/3  (& $B 7  4 +   1$/3?  #  ) R3#0) $'1  ( 02  #C)  !  S C4    V S 7   %2+ __W,0 &   1C& v?&   ( 33  78 (  n     + p5 C   ( )   , S ,B1K 3    &! &   # 54   0) 1V   3&  3 &,[LH'# GG? ' W + @    7 ( &    ) )  '04 3 5$'  (# (    u B ( S !&  C   ) 3,? (&   &  3 &    ,B_ > + ^I$'( & (1&     2  '" 0)  \ B (,3   &  '     +  E!1K 3    & S 5  ("3  $'  (8 (" ,   ' u (   3?^ 3 $'# & ( & E  ('   ) /0 &   5 4 (5 ) )  B3  +   /$B502  !3 &    5 ._  + H"I $'( & (  /&      '$'  ( (5C) ,04 C +   210  205 200 195 190 -120 -80 -40 0 40 z-position [mm] 80 120 160   @ 1('1 >  *  0 1 1>  *   0  0 1 # B ,!  2 1 !  ,1 ,+ 4 1  - ! '    ,(+ ' /  7/+ 0 1,'2  5 !  ,+    +,P'!  0   0   0 /(+   . + # -  0 - 7+   0 1 4+  @ +2 2#  - 0 10 -,#   ,! 5  0  1      1 !  0 *  0 1 @ 3  '  4 5 7+ ,-  $ D-  - % 0/ *   , B    0 1  0 + +  ! .  1   1 ! , ' 0 1 * '0 !   0 12 215 peak position [channel]  " 4  $ '=  220    '^ N ‡) ! ‡ 8 UƒSWU%ZƒSWO [0U.IWO^N \QSTG O^Y (         +5'   .     X X ('3   &  B   ) 2  " X (' !04 B ( 2 )  &   'V m.OBW  23&  3# 1 ("(   )   )   B&   (23" 5N8 M\ )  &   #   7 #3 4  3# 1 (" &    ) A )    +- (  (  2 )  &   , (04    ! 5 (3   &  "   ) 2  ?  &  ! !    ,  3    7   (10  $/  8& )   ) )  7")    +    3)    ) !)  n2 7)  ,&  &   !0  $/  )  7(,7  3 !3(   )   )    ' 802    ('3 4   B7)  . " ( 7   & S  ) 3 + x52     ) Q (  '0  7!) 7, ( B3  &  A      ! ! (/)  7(.7  3/&    75(  &      7,333   )2)  7(.)    X04 &   / (  (38 $/#   &   7  &   + p' C   ( )    Q$B"& 83  ) ,)  '          7  23 A 23 ) B (, &    ) )  B3 (,)  7(/7  3  D 2      & 4        &  &    ) )  5V J T 5@ . % H % WB7     ,_ % HHHm.O N8 M        1 &    ) )  5V  W H + ?H H +] H        1)  7('7  3 H + GH H + ?H  )  317) "V  23 23 ) W H +_ ] H +_ ] A + 7) "V  &    ) )   )  7(/7  3 W H G^ H + ?> 7) "V )  7('7  3 A  &  &   W H + G^ H + ?> 7) "V  &  &   A (   )   )    W H + G^ H + ?> K  % (&   & 1(   )   )    H +^  H + ^^ '#'% m.O N8 M _ ? ] m.O N8 M - ( "0 ! '(  2 )  &   !4 "N8 Mu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s2 &   J  h! )  &   !& 2  B   & . (  B B')   .)    !  )   D ,o A  ( ) )X& 2  !G ]  + ] E M"Q ,U A  ( ) )X& 2  "_ H % ? + ' E Mu3?_ #H >2_ + ^E M% &  !&  6 6 /                  400 00: 0 T, no source S0: 0 T, source 300 SB: 1.1 T, source counts 250 S4=SB-0B-S0+00 200 150 100 50 0 150 300     $ !H=  "  +  !   ! * '0 ! 1   17+ 4 0 7/+  0 1,'  1  1(87+ # 2 0   17  + 4 0 7+ + .#  + !    ,! ,+  *  ! 1     ! ,-  ! -   -  ,! - 1,0  ,!   0 1(8   19 ! -    ,!    ( 1 '  15+0 ! 1- 1  7+7/ 8! ,1('2  !  7+ ,+ 0 1 + '    !' 1 /'! 0 5 ,'  ! -   .#0 '+   ( 1 '     0  0 1D   , !  0 *  0 1      ! ,- 2  0B: 1.1 T, no source 350 '#'     450 600 750  & 900   1050  ( )  &   &   !    (1N A  ( ) ) b  8? ] +  8 ( 0  K        b 7   )  &   B (  ,)   /)  &    'X  C  )h 0 A )    +.b 1 C  75C) 5 B (   0)  )  5 /G#G > + G"E M + P    Y    S h ' (   4 &   a$/B02  5 (B4 E,    ,X& ( ) [ ]] ? > "H > $'  (#4 3   ) [ % _ H +- ($' 32 ( ' (14 E  [fG ] ? ^ ' ( & 1$B17  (    ) 2  $'( & (1 '7 C 10 8mh   8        &  D [dH _ '' RH HH '[  _ + V %2+  W channel  - ;# ' # K * ' #   # 0* $#  6 - '# * '#   s2) C 7!   Q (, !04 ' X( 2 )  &   /4 5N1 M!Q$/,02  ?V  [ ] * ' WBm.O N8 M + b %A 3    &       ' 'H  $'  ( 2')  n 7)  B&  &    Q$'( & (1&     3B " (    w  ( *      $'(  8 (#)  7(17  3#    ) ! 0 C )  3w  '  E 7 ( &  &     &     Q 2  ) 3 38V  [dGH* WXm.O N1 Md h (  '  7,(  )   )     + 3    && ' $B +'5- n( ' &  !/V   [a   _^H&  *  >21WXm.O !04N1 /Md$''( 3 $B   & 5    /8$'$'   (" (1 (.  (  )   ))    /)     X342                                 / (, &    ) )  B  3  + - (! !04 5.( 2 )  &   5 1 (  A      5 5 )  $L3, $/ ) )XE $'?  &   m.) HH DO.& (&  &   & '3        ) ,7)  3 7  (   78C& F7    0  7/) 7!")  7(/         / (8_ HI +.- ( / !04 / &     /  (  , 5  000)  h   3h (X7    + T ,        Q  (.)  7()     X33   ) ) ' )  7 353   /3  h5 (. &    ) )   435 (.)  7(7  3   3 &  7/   )   &   ,3,3 X /  !(&    S n2  R 5 (1 &    ) )  1V 7) 1) E  W"3 (8(   )   )   , 0  + N8   C  Q/ ( )  n 7)  B&  &  '  &  '(31 $/ A    &   7  &  / ('    /  )   &    +    $&  , +     () $ & 0   *) &  &    0 (  (  # ' &, " "  ( (` &  ""  ! ", (  (  + 9 VF (I H NI H I I I  " !# > #  1 / 9  2 ƒ %  42 ! 6 5 /& K       4 (.& C    ! (.) 7/(   )   )     7)  '3 7  ) C)   3# (  5    5  ("&  2   Q4 7  ( 5$'  (?  ( 53 7  )h3    u ( )  &    &   2   1QX + 7 +    7 2     + T # ( ,& (2   Qh$/3  &   04" ( )  &    & ,   3  (,   $B 5   3131) 26 5 (,3  31 "&   )4 (, n24     +        05   - ( 5 )  &    & B    (59.:.;'<5:5=w> > n    / . E  & ( 38  S 7    + _DX  ' $B  &    ) )    !3   &    Q2 & (   & ( 3" ,  .(   )   )     + +5! ('/(3" (') 7   7) 7      3"0 !! C .7 X3 )   3"3!       3! ' (B) 7/ 53 7  )& C      V b @  W QX# (  ( ,(3? (  & C    3? 83 7  )X )   ,$'  (?3  &       53     (13 7  )/0 & (w 5 (8   w 5)    $/?  7)  83   &   3w0 R15 ( &  &  3 &    ,   )     )  +1- ( ,0 & (    3? 8 0)  ( )  &    &  23 )   3  &   0 3104 )  $ 3 02  1 2    B0 2/ (, C  +    ( ) )  $' 71 )  &    &3 C2 &   Q.$'( & (  3 &   3" ) )    ! ? ( S 7   Q.   2&   B (, &   7" C   +Bb ) ) (   23 )  /( C5 0,&   ) )  3131  38 2'0 1 ( 3  & K       7  1D     68?<  & "(  7,A@  "  7 68<* 9 7 b  ! @  B#   @& AC9   ' (s2, & '$/) ,7"(   C7?") B( 3   7  )  )  )  !  04. $B ,+ )    C;7  7=B; 3 7@BA@ 3"" ' 68 <  9;77 h   #7  !)2 hC;04A  $B9   "bw $B- 5  @  7&7  XC    X5 5(3B  7   B)C )    C+ )0   $/ .   $B - @ & ( ) V " , & (?3   &   W5$'  (?1 (  3?7  " 13 &  3"$'( & (?3   &   (!   ? ( S   "  7) +  & $B& 3     "0& E &       78 4 &   QX$'(    )  &   3    .  .   7 )    ) ) ! '3   &  B3 .0& E &       3 , (   (  + =  = '%       '    >(1   "   ' =      B( ,+   ! 10  #   , (    +! 0 - 12 '> N (     ^ 7 1     6!  ,= b ,) )    & & (($'/ " ( 3% C2  & '2 /(& ('  3 )//" "0  ' &    3  $' ( &  (1 %3    B&   /2 B 7$'  (    31  "77  7  3)+ 38 $'( & (8 3  +  ;C& ) 2 7=& E1D 9;(!   5  #    C; 3#  $'   (? 19 7  =  "+h3#  $'(B&   "C ) ." . 55$'      )   #-   @ 1D1T . ( 7 X   "5 $' (   ? ) +     77 5  7)X ,)   3  " (!  "&    5 102  ?17) 0)h  ! , & (  C . ,0/0) B 53   & B      &B 4 &  .)  EB    )   h     (/3   &  X     +   , # 68 <  #7 7   3 9 + T " b   &  3)   # &  & " (     (  1  & 71     Q.   )  C&   ) 870 R   Q.1$' 2(    C" 1 &  + b )  7  (  Q$B!) #_ ^" & )    +  A@)  $  "+  68<     5 .b  !3  7  0)) '   (2/ $' (2 )  '2 B)   &   7     .& B) ) 2  $'  X\ !  3/ !3 C4  3   /)  2(5  2  . ( 7(   +  = 8=     w #iwG YVU%R<[ƒG Sk] d  (# (  &       !9.:.;'<5:5=L> > Q4$/      7 ?3  3 " 4 &   8 B (3 &    )  &    Q.( & $/  3 b @ !$'  (#7223)       + s2 & $B) ? (M,N8O A b @  Q $'( & ($B  ,0  ) 30  (, )  &    & /) 04    h (5m.( 2  & 'T     2    3 ) 0  72Q2 B ( S   ,  ,$/ 3       ,# (  ,)       +!- 1&   )X ("& ( 7"# ( b @  C  ?  &    ) Q4$B   3?  &  7 ) 5 )   5 S n2 3?(  7(,3#  C  ).  & 3,)  7  ( '  2'  7) + - (, A )      w /3 S  31 "04  [ . V +_ W Uh G % Qh$'(   .  5 (  n )     3& ( ).3 % (  n 3 C       \ (,)    S  + + b @ / ( ) 31( C!" A )      0 )  $L_"I +B- (        .G b @ 'V  (  /  ',b @ B & ( 23 )  Wh '      3  S 7    + ^ + ') $/ 2.7 C  $BC)  ' / (" A )       /D - ( S   ,! & ) 3 ' (      '$'  ( 257  Q  (  & 3 7  5 ( !C)   &  !$' ) ). ( $\#3 C    ? ' C  7 (!#&       5 1)  7 ( +.- (    5 (,  & 38 A )      C) 5 /) $B /)    ) '0 ' ) )   + - (  !04 4 4 (. A )       /Q $'( & (, ) $B  K )04 )  $H + % H'IQ    X  )     &Q 0 &   " & ( b @   3,,)   ,1&   !   V  (" 3   ) W'3   7 (" n     +  & ,$B! ( ) 31( C!" 0)  B$'  ( ( b @ )       +  ,           2000 2 1000 500 500 0 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 0 30 60 gate [ns] 90 120 150 180 0 module 1, middle: 2000 2 R = 0.9999 L = 0,58% / 0,31% 1000 module 2, middle: 2000 2 R = 0.99988 L = 0,63% / 0,40% 1000 0 0 0 120 150 180 0 30 60 gate [ns] module 1, top: 2000 2 90 120 150 0 1000 module 2, top: 2000 2 1000 0 0 0 90 gate [ns] 120 150 180 150 180 120 150 180 module 3, top: 2 1000 500 60 90 1500 500 30 60 R = 0.99998 L = - / 0,17% 500 0 30 gate [ns] 1500 channel 1500 120 2 180 R = 0.9999 L = 0,56% / 0,38% R = 0.99989 L = 0,59% / 0,40% 180 module 3, middle: gate [ns] channel 2000 150 1000 500 90 120 1500 500 60 90 R = 0.99992 L = 0,50% / 0,36% 500 30 60 gate [ns] 1500 channel 1500 0 30 gate [ns] channel 2000 channel 1000 500 0 2 1500 channel channel 1500 1000 module 3, bottom: R = 0.99992 L = 0,56% / 0,34% R = 0.9999 L = 0,64% / 0,29% 1500 channel module 2, bottom:   1(>           2000 2 0 30 60 90 gate [ns] 120 150 180 0 30 60 90 gate [ns] 2]' module 1, bottom: R = 0.99998 L = 1,2% / 0,22% channel 2  '  ! !7 * ' =! 6 $  # B  !'> ; =     1  < $ & # 1    = & 6 5 '  &!? 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