Projected Capacitive Technology Integration Guide

Transcript

3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide For Projected Capacitive Technology (PCT) Systems Read and understand all safety information contained in this document before using this product. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 2 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide The information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of 3M Touch Systems, Inc. 3M may have patents or pending patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from 3M Touch Systems, Inc. The information provided in this document is intended as a guide only. For the latest detailed engineering specifications, please contact your 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Application Engineer. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. is committed to continually improving product designs. As a result, product specifications may be subject to change without notification. "RoHS compliant 2005/95/EC" means that the product or part does not contain any of the following substances in excess of the following maximum concentration values in any homogeneous material, unless the substance is in an application that is exempt under RoHS: (a) 0.1% (by weight) for lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls or polybrominated diphenyl ethers; or (b) 0.01% (by weight) for cadmium. This information represents 3M’s knowledge and belief, which may be based in whole or in part on information provided by third party suppliers to 3M. NOTICE: Given the variety of factors that can affect the use and performance of a 3M Touch Systems, Inc. product (the “Product”), including that solid state equipment has operation characteristics different from electromechanical equipment, some of which factors are uniquely within User’s knowledge and control, it is essential that User evaluate the 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Product and software to determine whether it is suitable for User’s particular purpose and suitable for User’s method of application. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. statements, engineering/technical information, and recommendations are provided for User’s convenience, but their accuracy or completeness is not warranted. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. products and software are not specifically designed for use in medical devices as defined by United States federal law. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. products and software should not be used in such applications without 3M Touch Systems, Inc. express written consent. User should contact its sales representative if User’s opportunity involves a medical device application. IMPORTANT NOTICE TO PURCHASER: Specifications are subject to change without notice. These 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Products and software are warranted to meet their published specifications from the date of shipment and for the period stated in the specification. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. makes no additional warranties, express or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. User is responsible for determining whether the 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Products and software are fit for User’s particular purpose and suitable for its method of production, including intellectual property liability for User's application. If the Product, software or software media is proven not to have met 3M Touch Systems, Inc. warranty, then 3M Touch Systems, Inc. sole obligation and User’s and Purchaser’s exclusive remedy, will be, at 3M Touch Systems, Inc. option, to repair or replace that Product quantity or software media or to refund its purchase price. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. has no obligation under 3M Touch Systems, Inc. warranty for any Product, software or software media that has been modified or damaged through misuse, accident, neglect, or subsequent manufacturing operations or assemblies by anyone other than 3M Touch Systems, Inc. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. shall not be liable in any action against it in any way related to the Products or software for any loss or damages, whether non-specified direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential (including downtime, loss of profits or goodwill) regardless of the legal theory asserted. © 3M 2011 All rights reserved. Document Title: 3MTM Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Document Number: TSD-39954, Version A 3M, the 3M logo, MicroTouch, and the MicroTouch logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of 3M in the United States and/or other countries. Windows and/or other Microsoft products referenced herein are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Contents About This Manual What You Need to Know ...........................................................................................7 3M Touch Systems Support Services .........................................................................8 Contact 3M Touch Systems .......................................................................................6 Chapter 1 Getting Started Important Safety Information .....................................................................................7 Installation Warnings and Safety Precautions ............................................................9 Touch Sensor Care and Cleaning .............................................................................10 Preparing Your Work Space.....................................................................................11 Identifying the Components .....................................................................................11 Important Notes for Video Displays ........................................................................12 Testing the Display Video ........................................................................................12 Summary of the Installation Procedure ....................................................................13 Chapter 2 System Design Considerations Electrical Considerations ..........................................................................................14 Mechanical Considerations ......................................................................................15 Touch System Location ............................................................................................19 Multi-Touch Application Support ............................................................................19 Designing Software Applications .............................................................................20 Chapter 3 Installing a Multi-Touch PCT2000 Series Sensor Installation Considerations .......................................................................................21 Disassembling the Display .......................................................................................22 Fitting the Sensor .....................................................................................................23 Mounting the Sensor to the Display .........................................................................25 Inspect the Mounted Touch Sensor ..........................................................................28 Repair or Removing the Touch Sensor (if needed) ..................................................28 Adding a Sealing Gasket to the Bezel (if needed) ....................................................29 Adding Spacers to the Bezel (if needed) ..................................................................29 Reconnecting the Bezel and Chassis ........................................................................31 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3 4 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Chapter 4 Installing the 3M™ Multi-Touch PX400 Series Controller The PX400 Series Controller ...................................................................................32 Disassembling the Chassis .......................................................................................32 Mounting the Controller Internally ..........................................................................33 Completing Controller Mounting .............................................................................34 Establishing the Data Connection ............................................................................36 Supplying Power to the Controller ...........................................................................37 Powering the Controller ...........................................................................................38 Connecting the Touch Sensor...................................................................................39 Modifying the Display for the Controller Cable ......................................................41 Chapter 5 Enabling Your Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System Windows® 7 USB Compatibility .............................................................................43 All Other Platforms ..................................................................................................43 Multi-touch Application Support .............................................................................43 Installing 3M™ MicroTouch™ Software ................................................................44 Video Alignment ......................................................................................................44 Appendix A 3M™ PX USB Controller Communications Overview of USB Firmware Communications ........................................................46 Communication Basics .............................................................................................46 Receiving Reports from the Controller ....................................................................47 Command Set ...........................................................................................................47 Set Feature - Calibration...........................................................................................47 Get Feature - GetStatus ............................................................................................49 Get Feature - GetMaxCount .....................................................................................50 Set Feature - Reset....................................................................................................51 Set Feature –Restore Defaults ..................................................................................51 Asynchronous Reports .............................................................................................52 Appendix B 3M™ PX Serial Controller Communications Overview of Firmware Commands ..........................................................................54 Controller Default Settings .......................................................................................55 Communicating with the Controller .........................................................................56 Firmware Commands ...............................................................................................57 Calibrate ...................................................................................................................58 Guidelines for Calibrate Command ..........................................................................59 Mode Down Up ........................................................................................................60 Mode Inactive ...........................................................................................................60 Mode Stream ............................................................................................................60 Null Command .........................................................................................................61 Output Identity .........................................................................................................61 Restore Defaults .......................................................................................................61 Soft Reset .................................................................................................................62 Unit Type..................................................................................................................62 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 5 About This Manual Congratulations on the purchase of your 3M™ Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System. The PCT2000PX Series system incorporates 3M projected capacitive touch technology (3M PCT) and offers full multi-touch capabilities -- a must-have for next-generation, multi-touch applications. The 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX series provides customers with a leading edge solution that supports up to 5 simultaneous touch events while rejecting two palm events. This system has been designed and engineered specifically for 16 inch to 32 inch displays. It also includes a non-active, chemically strengthened cover glass which protects the underlying conductive elements as well as making it functionally impervious to surface scratches. The flat front surface solution eliminates dust and debris buildup at the edges of the display and helps increase system reliability. Each 3M PCT multi-touch system ships with a 3M PCT sensor and 3M designed application specific electronics. Refer to information later in this guide for more details on your touch system. All other technical documentation is available from the 3M Touch Systems website at http://www.3m.com/touch/. What You Need to Know This manual describes how to complete the following tasks:    Disassemble your display (if necessary) Mount the sensor to the display Install the touch controller 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 6 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 3M Touch Systems Support Services 3M Touch Systems provides extensive support services through our website and technical support organization. Visit the 3M Touch Systems website at http://www.3M.com\touch, where you can download touch software and drivers, obtain regularly updated technical documentation on 3M™ products, and learn more about our company. Whenever you contact Technical Support, please provide the following information:     Display size, part number and serial number Current driver version Operating system used Information on additional peripherals Technical Support is available Monday through Friday 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. with limited call back service after 5:30 p.m. until 8:00 p.m. US Eastern Standard Time – 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. throughout Europe. You can contact 3M Touch Systems Technical Support (US only -- Eastern Standard Time) by calling the hot line, sending email or a fax.     Technical Support Hot Line: 978-659-9200 Technical Support Fax: 978-659-9400 Toll Free: 1-866-407-6666 (Option 3) Email: [email protected] Contact 3M Touch Systems Contact information for all offices can be found on our website at: http://www.3M.com\touch/ 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 7 CHAPTER 1 Getting Started The 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series can help you transform the humancomputer interface experience. To begin installing your PCT2000PX Series System, take a few minutes to review this chapter. It is your roadmap to a successful installation. This manual describes how to retrofit a display with a touch sensor and controller. However, the principles apply equally well to systems integrated with sensors at an OEM level.       The illustrations in this guide are representative of the components you will be installing. For precise layout and detailed dimensions, refer to the marketing drawings supplied by your sales representative. Pay close attention to the installation warnings and safety precautions. Disassembling a display can be a dangerous procedure. Be sure to follow all manufacturers' recommendations for assembly and disassembly of your flat panel display. Make sure you have the necessary equipment before starting the installation. Refer to Supplies and Tools Needed for the Installation later in this chapter. Set up a clean, comfortable, and spacious working area. Having sufficient room to work makes the installation easier. Test your display to ensure good working condition before you install the sensor. Identify the different components to install and review the summary of the installation procedure. It is important to know how all the pieces eventually fit together before disassembling your system. Note: If any points within this guide are unclear to you, or further clarification is necessary, please contact your 3M Touch Systems representative. Important Safety Information Read and understand all safety information before using this product. Follow all instructions marked on the product and described in this document. Pay close attention to the following installation warnings and safety precautions. Intended Use The 3MTM Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide is intended to instruct and guide you in the integration of a PCT2000PX Series Touch System into an existing flat screen display. These sensors are intended for indoor use only and are not designed for use in hazardous locations. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 8 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Explanation of Signal Word Consequences DANGER: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury and/or property damage. WARNING: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury and/or property damage. CAUTION: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury and/or property damage. NOTICE: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may result in property damage. DANGER To avoid the risk of fire and/or explosion which will result in serious injury or death:  Do not install or use this product in a hazardous location. WARNING To avoid the risk of electric shock which could result in serious injury or death:  You must be a qualified technician with experience in assembling and disassembling different types of displays. You must know the specifics of your display and have access to its documentation. There may be hazardous voltages present in the display. If you do not understand display electronics, you may injure yourself, damage the sensor, or damage the touch controller.  Do not use a damaged power supply.  Do not use a power cord that is frayed or otherwise damaged.  Plug power cord into appropriate grounded power source. To reduce the risk of fire and/or explosion which could result in serious injury or property damage:  Do not install or use this product in a hazardous location.  Do not use this product in any outdoor environment unless NEMA standards (or similar standards such as IP rating) are followed. CAUTION To reduce the risks associated with improper disposal, which if not avoided may result in minor or moderate injury from ground water contamination:  Dispose of components in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. To avoid the risk of glass breakage which may result in minor or moderate injury:  To avoid risk of injury when handling the sensor be aware that the sensor edges could be sharp.  Handle the sensors with care to avoid breaking the glass. Be aware of cracked or broken sensors with sharp edges.  If you need to remove the sensor for servicing, do not try to pry the sensor off the display. You may break the glass and injure yourself or others. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 9 CAUTION To avoid the risk of electric shock which may result in minor or moderate injury:  Do not service the display.  Do not use non-conforming replacement parts.  Do not place wet or damp objects on the display.  Do not expose the display to rain or other sources of water, steam, or moisture.  Do not place foreign objects on the display or its cables. To avoid the potentially hazardous situations associated with the use of isopropyl alcohol which may result in minor or moderate injury or property damage:  Follow all instructions and recommendations in the manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet and product label. To avoid possible environmental contamination which may result in minor or moderate injury:  Dispose of the display according to applicable governmental regulations. Installation Warnings and Safety Precautions 3M Touch Systems recommends that only qualified display technicians install the sensor for the following reasons:     Due to the risk of injuring yourself Due to the danger of hazardous voltages present in the display Due to the risk of accidentally damaging the sensor Due to the risk of altering the LCD’s critical circuits If you decide to install the sensor, take the following precautions:  Follow each procedure carefully, work with the system powered off and unplugged, and observe all warnings. Protect your investment. The sensor is a glass product. You must handle it with care. Take precautions to not damage the edges of the sensor as cracks can propagate into the viewing area.   Note: Consult the display manufacturer to find out whether the original warranty will be affected if you install the sensor. Also, determine who will recertify the display. Certification will be necessary to comply with safety and EMC/EMI regulations. Supplies and Tools Needed for the Installation Before starting the installation procedure, check that you have all items listed below. Supplies Needed  Safety glasses  Small containers for holding loose parts (paper cups)      Clean, anti-static pad Foam pad (optional)  Gloves Electrical tape (or black acetate tape) Clean soft cloth and glass cleaner for the display and sensor   Felt-tip marker pen Cable tie-wraps Lead-free solder (RoHS compliant) Replacement screws for mounting flat  Bezel Sealing tape – Test for  3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 10 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide    panel to bezel or chassis Ring lugs or crimps Nylon spacers and washers Kapton® tape  suitability in your system Mounting tape -- closed cell acrylic foam 3M VHB 5952 and 5962 (double sided adhesive) Tools Needed  Flat-blade screwdriver with insulated handle  Phillips head screwdriver  Soldering iron  Razor knife or single edge razor blade  Center punch  Wire stripper  Power drill  Compressed air (optional)  Variety of drill, tap, and spade bits  Dremel® tool or nibbler Touch Sensor Care and Cleaning The sensor requires very little maintenance. 3M Touch Systems recommends that you periodically clean the glass sensor surface. CAUTION To avoid the potentially hazardous situations associated with the use of isopropyl alcohol which may result in minor or moderate injury or property damage: Follow all instructions and recommendations in the manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet and product label. Typically, an isopropyl alcohol and water solution ratio of 50:50 is the best cleaning agent for your sensor. Do not use straight isopropyl alcohol. Be sure to follow solvent manufacturer's precautions and directions for use when using any solvents.  It is important to avoid using any corrosive or caustic chemicals on the sensor.  Always dampen the cloth and then clean the sensor. Be sure to spray the cleaning liquid onto the cloth, not the sensor, so that drips do not seep inside the display or stain the bezel.    Apply the cleaner with a soft, lint-free cloth. Avoid using gritty cloths. Always handle the sensor with care. Do not pull on or stress flex tails. Use the recommended cleaner and a soft, lint free cloth to clean the sensor. Make sure the glass is clean and dry before you attach the sensor. Clean only the front surface of the sensor. Only remove the protective liner from the touch sensor just prior to placing it on the LCD. Do not clean the backside of the sensor; the surface can be easily scratched. If you need to remove any debris from the sensor, use a filtered de-ionized air source.   3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 11 Preparing Your Work Space Comfortable Work Area Select a comfortable work area with adequate space and lighting. Make sure that the area is free of clutter and/or objects that could scratch the sensor and display. Leave the protective films in place as long as possible. 3M Touch Systems recommends an area of at least nine square feet. You will need this space to handle components safely and to set major components aside during the installation. ESD Workbench A certified ESD workbench is recommended when working with electronics assemblies. Protective Material Place anti-static protective material on the work surface. A padded surface protects equipment from scratches during installation. Small Containers Have several small containers (such as paper cups) available to hold screws, washers, and other small components once you remove them. Foam Pad A foam pad is useful for holding the display while attaching the sensor. The pad makes the sensor easier to rotate for fastening screws, taping, etc. Identifying the Components Power Supply Monitor Video Adapter Display CPU Firmware Touch Screen Controller RS232 or USB Software Power Supply The following components are needed for a successful integration:      A PCT2000 series sensor An PX400 series controller (connect either USB or serial) A USB cable or serial cable A DC power cable Software and technical documentation found on the web at www.3Mtouch.com. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 12 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Save the invoice, shipping container, and all packing material in case you need to transport the equipment any time in the future. Important Notes for Video Displays  In extreme temperature and humidity situations, you may observe condensation between the touch screen and the display. To minimize this condition, place the unit where it will be used and allow a 24-hour environmental stabilization period prior to powering on the display. Any noticeable condensation is temporary and will have no long term affect on the operation of the display.  You are cautioned that any change or modification to the equipment not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate such equipment.  When unplugging the power supply cord, hold the plug, do not pull by the cord.  Do not connect or disconnect this product during an electrical storm.  Remember to take into account that the operating temperature of the installation may be greater than the room ambient, and consideration should be given to installing the unit in an environment compatible with the maximum rated operating temperature.  When installing the unit, ensure that it does not restrict the flow of air to any other equipment within the installation required for safe operation.  Install the display in a well-ventilated area. Always maintain adequate ventilation to protect the display from overheating and to ensure reliable and continued operation.  Do not expose this display to direct sunlight or heat. Passive heat may cause damage to the housing and other parts.  Ensure the metal enclosure does not contact the touch sensor.  Be sure to gasket the display to its enclosure properly to prevent damage to the touch sensor.  To avoid ergonomic concerns: Do not install the display in a manner or location with awkward accessibility. Extended use may result in muscle, tendon, or fixed posture strains. It is recommended you take periodic breaks from continuous use.  Plug power cord into an appropriate power source.  Plug power cord into a grounded receptacle. Testing the Display Video Whether you are installing the sensor on a new or older display, you should make sure that the display is in good working condition and the video output is functioning properly. Your initial test should verify that the video functions properly before you install the sensor. You can also compare your results with the results you get after you complete the installation. If the display is functioning properly, turn off your system, disconnect power plugs, and disconnect all cables from the display. You are ready to disassemble the display and install the sensor. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 13 Summary of the Installation Procedure You can install a 3M™ multi-touch sensor on most displays. Although each particular display may have some unique integration considerations, the basic installation process consists of the following steps:      Front Bezel Optional Test that the display’s video works properly Disassemble the display (if necessary) Mount the sensor to the front of the LCD panel Install the controller Reassemble the display and connect to your computer system. Sealing Gasket Sensor Mounting Tape LCD Panel & Controller Chassis Metal Shield 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A Rear Display Housing 14 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide CHAPTER 2 System Design Considerations Electrical Considerations The front surfaces of displays carry potentials that fluctuate at the fundamental and harmonics of display scan frequencies. The PX400 series controllers operate at a fixed frequency selected for best touch operation. LCDs In a projected capacitive sensor environment, be aware that some new types of LCD displays with high brightness, contrast, and LED backlight generate much more electrical noise than their predecessors. The excessive electrical noise generated by these displays may couple into the touch sensor and interfere with the controller signal-to-noise-ratio which could cause reduced performance. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 15 A projected capacitive sensor attached to the face of a display acts as a large capacitor coupling LCD signals and adds capacitance to the touch sensor. The capacitor consists of 2 plates: one is the face of the display and the other is the sensor. In addition, some displays exhibit varying effective impedance to ground. Displays should be equal to or larger than the installed sensor. Inadequately supported sensors may be susceptible to mechanical bending. Excessively large sensors are more susceptible to stray capacitance changes, when touches (mechanical distortions) are present. Emissions If radiated emissions are an issue in your integration, they may be reduced with one or a combination of the following solutions.  System design should enclose the controller in a metal casing connected to the chassis ground.  USB cabling from controller should terminate at USB housing with a grounded shield connection.  The use of a ferrite on the USB cable. Note: Consult the display manufacturer to determine whether the original warranty will be affected if you install the sensor. Also, determine who will recertify the display. Certification will be necessary to comply with FCC class B and CE radiated and conducted emissions regulations. Mechanical Considerations Tail Routing Note: If you cannot avoid running a sensor tails near or over the backlight inverter or power supply, try to run the tails underneath it. If possible, run the tails underneath the metal shield. The sensor tails are not a handles. Never pick your sensor up by the tails. They are electrical connections and are not designed for high stress. Always design your sensor integration with the flex tails exiting from the top or sides of the display. Avoid designing the tail exits from the bottom as spills could accumulate in the tail attachment areas and cause electrical shorting. Do not place constant stress on the tails during handling or integration. Do not expose the tails to mechanical stresses because of the integration design. Provide adequate slack to ensure there is no strain on the tails. Avoid lateral pulls that may overstress the outermost electrical contacts on the glass. Be sure to tape tails in place. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 16 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Note: The illustrations are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. The sensor tails should not move freely after assembly. Apply tape or another light adhesive to secure the tails in a manner that does not apply stress to the tails. Apply tape or other insulating material to sharp edges to protect the tails. Route the cable away from sharp edges whenever possible. If this cannot be avoided, secure the tails so they do not move. The sensor tails are designed to be flexible, and may be creased once in a single direction, in multiple locations along the tail and then secured in position with a light adhesive tape. Avoid hard angular creases (45°) to the tails directly in the connection areas. On each tail there are folded areas. The number of these areas will differ depending on your particular product. These areas may be bent but not creased. Note: 3M Touch Systems does not recommend metal sensor mounting brackets. If metal sensor mounting brackets must be used, be sure to keep tail bends away. Make sure that all metal brackets are grounded and not within the sensor’s active area. Integration Without a Bezel If you are considering a bezel-less design, please contact your 3M Touch Systems Field Applications Engineer for additional details. Continue with the instructions in the section called Mounting Tape to LCD. VHB tape stack to equal spacing not less than 0.107 inches (2.65 mm) between sensor and LCD 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 17 Sealing Gasket to Bezel Single-sided tapes, adhered to the bezel, make for easy sealing of the sensor. Simply align and adhere the tape to the bezel edge. Gaskets should contact the sensor perimeter to ensure a good seal without interfering with the viewing area. Do not adhere the gasket to the sensor surface. Mounting tape Sealing gasket adhered to bezel Sensor Case LCD Controller Attach sensor directly to LCD frame. Avoid mounting LCD and sensor independently to a common bezel. Stresses applied to the bezel may influence the gap between the sensor and the LCD. This may cause erratic operation and false touches. Note: If you are considering a bezel-less design, please contact your 3M Touch Systems Field Applications Engineer for additional details. Proper gasketing is critical to any successful sensor integration. All displays, regardless of environment, will be exposed to dust, dirt, spills, and grime and should be sealed with gaskets. Gasketing is relatively simple and straightforward. It can be either an o-ring or a flat, closed cell foam gasket applied around the perimeter of the bezel. The compression of the sealing gasket should be evenly distributed to the glass surface. Be aware of and follow material manufacturer’s recommended compression specifications. We recommend using nonacidic, pH neutral 3M brand tapes to seal your bezel and sensor. 3M foam tapes provide superior resistance to moisture and chemicals over other traditional cellular foam tapes. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 18 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Mounting Tape to LCD VHB tape stack to equal spacing not less than 0.107 inches (2.65 mm) between sensor and LCD Sensor LCD Frame The sensor must be mounted such that the spacing between the sensor and LCD does not vary due to compression or expansion from touch forces or temperature changes. The spacing between the sensor and LCD panel should be at least 0.107 inches (2.65 mm). For optimal performance, 3M Touch Systems has successfully used a stack up of 3M VHB brand 5962 and 5952 (3M Touch Systems p/n 98-0003-3651-5) tape for this purpose. Failure to mount the sensor in this fashion may result in reduced performance. If you wish, you may use a standard 1/8 inch gasket as the nearest standard size. Note: It is essential that the user evaluate this product to determine whether it is suitable for their particular purpose and method of application. Caution: For optimal performance, the gasket tape must have a thickness of at least 0.107 inches (2.65 mm). Avoid using thinner tapes. Do NOT use highly compressible tapes. Be aware that using thicker tapes may impact the optical performance of the sensor by increasing parallax. Tape extending beyond the sensor edge may cause excessive stress on the tail connections. Apply the tape to the sensor surface, rather than the display, to ensure proper alignment. DO: Mounting tape should align with sensor. DON’T: Mounting tape should not extend beyond the sensor. Note: Be sure to align the tape to the metal edge 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 19 Metal Enclosures Because conductive surfaces can present a stray capacitive loading to the sensor, you must be careful when positioning the sensor near metallic objects or materials. The following guidelines will help ensure a successful installation. Do not let any metal — such as metal mounting brackets, screws or the display’s metal housing — physically contact the front or sides of the sensor. This could be recognized as a touch. In the design phase, avoid metal bezels whenever possible. If your current design has a metal bezel, ensure that it does not directly contact the sensor. The bezel should be appropriately grounded and very rigid. Use insulating tape or gasketing as a spacer. Be aware that some plastic bezels have conductive paint that could act as a metal bezel so the same design rules apply in these instances. Take measures to ensure that a metal bezel presents a constant and stable stray capacitive path to ground during operation. Touch System Location Keep in mind the optics of the sensor. Remember that different sources of light such as outdoor (natural sunlight) and indoor (incandescent or fluorescent) can cause different effects when viewing the sensor. Remember that lighting changes over the course of a day and depends on weather. Consider the brightness of an area and how it will affect readability of the computer display. Consider using high brightness displays for better readability in bright ambient light conditions. Remember that sunlight comes in at different angles throughout the year. What might not be a problem in the summer could be an issue in winter. Electromagnetic interference can cause problems with any electrical device. Be aware of devices that generate electrical fields, such as radio transmitters, mobile phones, pager transmitters, and security tag deactivators, and plan your installation accordingly. Multi-Touch Application Support Remember not all applications are multi-touch ready – Multi-touch behavior is a function of YOUR application. Check with your application vendor to determine if your software has multi-touch capability. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 20 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Designing Software Applications With any touch application, the design can be crucial to the usability of the final product. Clear icons, bright contrasting colors, large buttons, button placement, and simple layouts will contribute greatly to the success of your installation. Parallax, the effect of a target object appearing in different positions when looked at from different angles, is a common problem in many computer applications. The combination of the sensor in front of the display and differing heights of users can cause parallax. When designing your touch system software application, use the following guidelines to help reduce the effects of parallax.  Design buttons to facilitate touch with your fingertip. Remember that a fingertip is much larger than a cursor. Button graphic Active touch area  Place buttons horizontally whenever possible. One size does not fit all! Consider the varying heights of users and thus viewing angles when designing the application.  Turn off the cursor. Users may inadvertently try to drag the cursor to the correct location on the sensor, emulating moving a mouse, instead of touching the button directly.  Design your applications to work with a single touch to activate rather than a doubletouch. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 21 CHAPTER 3 Installing a Multi-Touch PCT2000 Series Sensor This chapter describes how to install a PCT2000 series sensor in a display. You can install a PCT2000 series sensor on many different displays.    The information in this chapter pertains to most displays. This chapter does not provide detailed instructions for any specific display. The procedures are only intended as guidelines and will vary depending on the display manufacturer. Note: Given the variety of factors that can affect the use and performance of any product, some of which are uniquely within the user’s knowledge and control, it is essential that the user evaluate the 3M product to determine whether it is suitable for a particular purpose and suitable for the user’s intended application. Installation Considerations Before beginning the installation, review Chapter 2. Planning ahead ensures a successful installation. To summarize:  When handling the touch sensor, be sure to wear gloves to reduce the need to clean fingerprints off the sensor. Do not remove the static protective sheet until you are ready to put the sensor in place.  Before installing the sensor, be sure to account for the space needed by the sensor and its flex tails.  Ensure that the integration design does not subject the flex tails to pinch points and/or mechanical stresses.  When installing the sensor, be careful not to route the sensor flex tails and power wires near the backlight inverter or power supply of the display.  The illustrations are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 22 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide  The bezel may need to be modified to accommodate the sealing gasket and sensor. When trimming the bezel, make sure that the mechanical integrity of the display is not compromised.  The sensor tails are designed to be flexible, and may be creased once in a single direction, in multiple locations along the tail and then secured in position with a light adhesive tape.  If it is necessary to remove the sensor from the display after it has been attached, do not pry it off. Carefully follow the instructions given.  Be sure to follow solvent manufacturer's precautions and directions for use when using any solvents. Follow manufacturer’s directions for suitable chemicals for your display. Refer to the section on Touch Sensor Care and Cleaning for further information.  When reassembling the sensor and bezel, do not over-tighten any corner. Do not over compress the sealing gaskets – take out the air but not beyond. Follow gasket manufacturer’s recommendations for allowable compression ranges (typically 30 to 50%). Pressure should be evenly distributed across the sensor.  Perform a bench test of the hardware to ensure functionality before you start. Disassembling the Display The process of disassembling the display is slightly different depending on the model of display; however, the components within the display housing are equivalent. Note: This manual assumes that you have a display chassis attached to the front bezel, but since the internal components of most assemblies are basically the same, these same steps are applicable to all flat display installations. Disconnecting the Power and Removing the Pedestal (if necessary) Most displays consist of a flat panel supported by a pedestal. The pedestal may house the wiring for the display. Before the display casing can be disassembled, the power must be disconnected and the pedestal removed. 1. Look at the front of the display. Some displays have a small door that hides the brightness and contrast controls. It is a good idea to tape this door closed to prevent damage when handling the bezel. 2. Gently place the display face down on a foam pad or other scratch resistant surface so that the rear of the display and pedestal are accessible. 3. Disconnect the power and video cables attached to the rear of the display housing. These cables may run through the pedestal where they connect to the base of the display. 4. Remove the screws securing the pedestal to the display. Be sure to label these for reassembly. 5. Remove the pedestal and set aside. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 23 Removing the Display Housing 1. Place the display face down on a clean, anti-static pad. Remove the screws that secure the rear housing to the display, being sure to label them and set them aside. Note: The way in which the rear housing is attached to the display varies from model to model. LCD display manufacturers may use screws, quick-release latches, clips, or release buttons. 2. Lift off the rear housing to expose the display chassis. Remove any screws holding optional accessories (such as speakers or control buttons). 3. Remove the screws that secure the chassis to the front bezel. Carefully lift the chassis off the front bezel and set the bezel aside. Fitting the Sensor Caution: To avoid risk of injury when handling the sensor be aware that the sensor edges may be sharp. The sealing gasket, mounting tape, and sensor add to the thickness of the display assembly. You will need to make sure there is enough space to reassemble the display once the gasket, tape, and sensor are fully integrated. Checking for Adequate Space 1. Inspect the inside of the rear display cover. 2. Note the clearance between the inside surface of the rear cover and the rear of the display or chassis. You may be able to look through the vents and openings in the cover to check the available space. 3. You must be able to move the chassis about 3/16 inches (4.7 mm) into the rear of the housing. If there is not enough space, you may not be able to reassemble the display once the sensor is installed. Here are a few solutions: a. You can trim some plastic sections from inside the housing making sure you do not compromise the mechanical integrity of the display. b. You can reassemble with a gap between front and back housings. This gap is a result of the thickness added by the sensor. Modifying the Bezel (If applicable) You now need to determine if the sealing gasket and sensor fit into the bezel. You must have at least 4.7 mm. If necessary, you must trim the ribs and fins on the bezel that are in direct contact with the sensor or the sensor cable. Note: When trimming the bezel, make sure you do not compromise the mechanical integrity of the display. 1. Place the bezel face down on an anti-static pad. Be sure to orient the top of the bezel closest to you. 2. Place the sensor face down against the inside of the bezel opening. Be sure to orient the sensor so the flex tails exit from the correct side of the bezel. Refer to your mechanical drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 24 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 3. Align and center the viewing area of the sensor. Make sure the limits of the viewing area do not extend into the bezel opening. 4. Note the ribs and fins of the bezel that are in direct contact with the sensor. Pay particular attention to the corners as well as where the flex tails exit from the sensor. INCORRECT The sensor contacts the bezel rib CORRECT The modified bezel rib does not contact the sensor Note: The illustrations are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. 5. Carefully cut out a notch in each rib and cut back each fin that contacts the sensor.  Make sure you remove only enough material to facilitate the installation of the sealing gasket and sensor.  Make sure you clean any excess material or shavings from the cutout area.  Make sure you preserve the structural integrity in the rest of the rib area. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 25 Mounting the Sensor to the Display Before you begin this process, please review the Mechanical Considerations—Mounting Tape to the Display section in Chapter 2 for additional important information on this subject. Note: For ease of maintenance, put a border of Kapton® tape (or a similar strength tape) around the perimeter of the display in order to provide a surface to adhere the 3M mounting tape that will be easy to remove if the need arises. Stacked strips of high-density foam mounting tape (3M Touch Systems p/n 98-00033651-5) with adhesive on both sides should be used to attach the sensor to the LCD metal frame. These strips should not form a full seal – allow for ventilation (1-2 mm gaps) at the corners as shown below. Because new displays can run significantly hotter than their predecessors, you should allow air to escape to avoid damaging the LCD with temperature and pressure equalization issues. Failure to mount the sensor in this fashion may result in reduced accuracy at extended temperature ranges. Leave small space (1-2 mm) to enable ventilation Leave small space (1-2 mm) to enable ventilation Note: The illustrations are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. Caution: For optimal performance, the gasket tape must have a thickness of at least 0.107 inches (2.65 mm). Avoid using thinner tapes. Do NOT use highly compressible tapes. Be aware that using thicker tapes may impact the optical performance of the sensor by increasing parallax. Caution: To reduce the risk of damage to the LCD films, make sure the tape (either Kapton® tape or VHB tape) does not touch the surface of the display. Ensure that the tape is aligned with the frame of the display (not in the viewing area). 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 26 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide The foam tape serves the following purposes:  Holds the sensor in place on the display  Maintains a constant space between the sensor and the display (0.107 in (2.65 mm))  Cushions the display and glass surfaces  Prevents dust and other contaminants from getting in between the display and sensor surfaces Practice Positioning the Sensor Practice positioning the sensor on the display until you are comfortable with how the sensor should be aligned. If you are unsure of the correct positioning, contact your customer service representative to request a detailed drawing.  Lightly tape the tails to the front surface of the sensor to keep them out of the way  Place the display face-up on the foam pad, being careful of the tails.  Wearing gloves, position the sensor on the display and adjust to your liking. If you are unsure of the correct positioning, contact your customer service representative to request a detailed drawing.  Only remove the blue protective liner from the back of the touch sensor just prior to placing it on the LCD. Note: The sensor tails are designed to be flexible, and it may be creased once in a single direction, in multiple locations along the tail and then secured in position with a light adhesive tape. Tails should not be placed under mechanical stress. Refer to Tail Routing in Chapter 2. Sensor Care and Cleaning The sensor requires very little maintenance. 3M Touch Systems recommends that you periodically clean the glass sensor surface. CAUTION To avoid the potentially hazardous situations associated with the use of isopropyl alcohol which may result in minor or moderate injury or property damage: Follow all instructions and recommendations in the manufacturer's Material Safety Data Sheet and product label. Typically, an isopropyl alcohol and water solution ratio of 50:50 is the best cleaning agent for your sensor. Do not use straight isopropyl alcohol. Be sure to follow solvent manufacturer's precautions and directions for use when using any solvents.  It is important to avoid using any corrosive or caustic chemicals on the sensor.  Always dampen the cloth and then clean the sensor. Be sure to spray the cleaning liquid onto the cloth, not the sensor, so that drips do not seep inside the display or stain the bezel.    Apply the cleaner with a soft, lint-free cloth. Avoid using gritty cloths. Always handle the sensor with care. Do not pull on or stress flex tails. Use the recommended cleaner and a soft, lint free cloth to clean the sensor. Make sure the glass is clean and dry before you attach the sensor. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide   27 Clean only the front surface of the sensor. Only remove the protective liner from the touch sensor just prior to placing it on the LCD. Do not clean the backside of the sensor; the surface can be easily scratched. If you need to remove any debris from the sensor, use a filtered de-ionized air source. Note: The illustrations are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. Attaching the Touch Sensor to the Display Once you feel comfortable with the alignment and positioning of the sensor, you are ready to permanently attach the sensor to the display. 1. Apply stacked strips of the double-sided acrylic foam tapes, 3M VHB 5952 and 5962 (3M Touch Systems p/n 98-0003-3651-5), around the perimeter of the display. Refer to the Mechanical Considerations section in Chapter 2 for additional details. Note: To distinguish the front surface of the sensor, understand that the solid black border printed on glass is the front surface of the sensor. The printed pattern and tail attachments are visible on the underside of the sensor. 2. Pull off about 2 inches of the tape liner from the end of each strip and fold at a 90 degree angle. 3. You are now ready to attach the sensor to the display. It is recommended that at least two people complete this step. Hold the sensor so the flex tails exit correctly and place it on the display. 4. Holding the sensor firmly in place, slowly pull out the remainder of the release liner. Repeat this with all four sides. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 28 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 5. Press firmly down around the perimeter of the sensor to ensure that it is fully attached to the display Inspect the Mounted Touch Sensor After you mount the sensor to the display, inspect your results carefully and check that the sensor is installed properly.  Set the display in its standard upright position.  Look at the front of the display, and ensure the sensor flex tails exit from the correct location.  Check for proper alignment. Make sure the sensor is not off center or crooked. If the sensor is not correctly aligned with the display, you must remove and remount the sensor before you can continue with the installation.  Look for dirt or lint trapped between the display and the sensor, as these particles will be visible later. If any part of the inspection fails, you must remove and remount the sensor. Repair or Removing the Touch Sensor (if needed) CAUTION To avoid the risk of glass breakage which may result in minor or moderate injury: Do not try to pry the sensor off the display. You may break the glass and injure yourself or others. 1. Use a razor knife or a single edge razor blade to carefully cut through the mounting tape. 2. Start at the top of the screen and work down the sides. 3. Be careful not to scratch the display or the sensor. 4. Be sure to support the sensor as it comes away from the display. 5. To remove the foam tape and adhesive residue from the back of the sensor, follow solvent manufacturer's precautions and directions for use when using any solvents. Follow manufacturer’s directions for suitable chemicals for your display. 6. Repeat the procedure for properly attaching the sensor to the display. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 29 Adding a Sealing Gasket to the Bezel (if needed) 1. Place the bezel face down on an anti-static pad. 2. Use a die-cut gasket or cut strips of the closed cell, compressible foam sealing gasket tape to fit the inside edges of the bezel opening to form a full perimeter seal. To ensure tight fitting sealing joints, the gasket tape should be cut using a razor knife or single-edge razor blade. It is essential that the surface be clean and dry and free of grease or oils. 3. Remove the paper backing from the tape. Adhere a strip of gasket tape to each inside edge of the bezel opening. Align one edge of the gasket to the edge of the bezel opening. If the gasket overlaps the bezel edge, it will be visible from the front of the display. If the gasket is spaced away from the bezel edge, you will create a gap that can collect dust, liquids, etc. 4. Pay close attention to the bottom edge joints. Butt the gasket tape edges to create a tight fitting joint. Adding Spacers to the Bezel (if needed) You may need to insert nylon spacers and washers over each bezel post to accommodate the additional space of the sealing gasket and sensor. The spacers provide safety clearance for the sensor and prevent conductive materials on the bezel from contacting the sensor. Do not omit these spacers and washers. You need to determine the correct amount of space to add to the bezel. At a minimum, you must add enough space to adjust for the thickness of the sensor, the mounting tape on the back of the sensor and the gasket seal. Following is an example of adding spacers to the bezel to accommodate the extra space created by the sensor. In this example, assume a sealing gasket, mounting tape, and a sensor. 1. Insert a temporary post, such as a cable tie wrap or toothpick, in each bezel hole. 2. Place an insulating nylon spacer over each temporary post. The size of this spacer will compensate for the thickness added by the sealing gasket, mounting tape, and sensor. The size of your spacer may be different to provide additional spacing and support 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 30 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 3. Align the screw holes (or tabs) over the temporary post. Each LCD hole/tab must rest on top of the spacer and washer above the bezel screw hole. 4. Adjust the display so that it is centered in the bezel and remove the temporary posts. 5. Select a replacement screw for the factory installed bezel screws. 3M Touch Systems recommends that you replace the factory display screws with longer screws to accommodate the sealing gasket and sensor thickness and prevent the glass from breaking by forcing too short screws to work. The replacement screws should be the same type and size as the factory screws, but 3/16-inch to 1/4-inch (4.76 to 6.35 mm) longer. The size depends on the amount of space you added between the bezel and display. 6. Install the replacement screws as follows: a. Thread the screws into the holes that connect the display to the bezel. b. Work diagonally from one corner to the opposite corner. c. Do not over-tighten any one side or corner. Pressure should be evenly distributed across the sensor. d. You must be able to complete at least three full turns of the screw into the original threads. e. If you install the screws correctly, the screws should be seated properly and be a little tighter than finger tight. A close fit will prevent liquids and/or particles from damaging the internal electronics, however, the screws should not be so tight that 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 31 they add stress to the display or the sensor. If the bezel starts to warp when you tighten the screws, stop and loosen the screws. Inspect the Attached Display and Bezel Once you attach the display and the bezel, inspect your results as follows:   Check the front of the assembly for proper alignment and adjust if necessary. Check that each bezel screw is seated properly and a little tighter than finger tight. The screws should not be so tight that they add stress to the display. If the bezel is warped, loosen the screws. Note: If the screws are too tight, you may damage the sensor, damage the display, or bore right through the bezel.  Adjust the spacers or screws to get a secure attachment to the bezel without squeezing too tightly. Make sure the bezel ribs and fins do not contact the sensor at any point. If necessary, remove the bezel and trim the ribs and fins. For more information, refer to Fitting the Touch Sensor earlier in this chapter. Reconnecting the Bezel and Chassis  Reconnect all wires, cables, and switches.  When replacing the bezel or fitting the LCD module into the chassis frame be careful not to catch or pinch tails. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 32 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide CHAPTER 4 Installing the 3M™ Multi-Touch PX400 Series Controller This chapter describes how to install the 3M™ Multi-Touch PX400 series controller for your PCT2000 series sensor. This chapter assumes you have already disassembled the display and mounted the sensor to the front of the display. For information on completing these procedures, refer to Chapters 2 & 3. This chapter covers the following information:    Mounting the controller Supplying power to the controller Connecting the controller to the computer The PX400 Series Controller The PX400 series multi-touch controller is used to operate your multi-touch sensor. PX400 Series Multi-touch Controller Specifications Communications protocols USB 2.0 (12 MHz) or Serial RS-232 Form factor Will differ depending on your product, reference your specifications or contact your 3M Touch Systems representative. Sensors supported PCT2000 series sensors Installation options Internal only Disassembling the Chassis 1. Remove the screws securing the display control panel cover to the chassis. Be sure to save and label these screws for reassembly. 2. Take a moment to inspect the display’s internal hardware before you disconnect any wires. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 33 a. Take a digital photo or note where each wire is attached and how each wire is routed. b. Label each wire. Labeling the wires makes reassembling easier. c. Most display manufacturers connect the major components with detachable cables that have keyed connectors and labels. In addition, cables are of such lengths that they usually connect to only one place. However, not all displays have easy and intuitive cable connections. When in doubt, make notes of all connection points. Once the chassis has been disassembled, you can mount the controller and connect it to a sufficient power source following the instructions below for powering the controller. Mounting the Controller Internally Care must also be taken when attaching the controller board internally, as the boards can short out if they are not attached properly. Additional space will also be needed between the controller board and the metal shield to prevent shorting of the board. Note: These dimensions are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. Figure 1. PX400 Series Controller Dimensions These are general dimensions for controllers that span 27-32” 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 34 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide These are general dimensions for controllers that span 16-26” Note: These dimensions are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative for more information. Completing Controller Mounting Note: The method and location selected in mounting a controller is dependent on the mechanical design and assembly of the display being integrated. There may be several alternatives to integrating the controller. The following illustrates one mounting method that may work for some display products. In order to mount the controller board to the housing, four holes must be drilled. 1. Mount the uncased controller board to the housing using the established mounting holes with four 4-40 metal screws with small washers. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 35 2. Mount the board using PEM nuts to provide space below for components and thru hole pins. Insert a 0.1 inch spacer between the controller board and the metal shield as shown in the following diagram. These spacers will prevent the board from shorting out. Note: The controller must be properly grounded through the mounting holes. Ensure that the four controller mounting holes are connected to the chassis ground of the display. Do not use double sided tape to mount the controller. 0.1 inch spacer 3. Plug the sensor flex tails into the controller board, making sure that the pins are oriented in the correct direction. You may replace the standard cable with a short extension that would mate to a bulkhead connector. With the controller board properly mounted, all cables connected, and excess wiring cable-tied, the metal shield can be attached. As mentioned earlier, it may be necessary to make changes to the metal shield and the rear display housing to accommodate the power cable. Usually it is necessary to make a hole in the shield and the housing so that the power cable can be routed through, however some models may have an existing opening that can be used. With a sufficient opening, the sensor cable can be fed through and the metal shield reattached. Note: If a hole is drilled in the metal shield to accommodate the sensor cable, be sure to fold back the edges or install a grommet so that the cable does not fray on the sharp edges. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 36 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Note: When routing the power cable through the metal shield and rear display cover, be careful to avoid the inverter and other high noise sources. Establishing the Data Connection The PX400 series controller can operate in either USB or serial mode – no need for different controllers. However, you cannot operate in both modes at the same time. If you try to connect both USB and serial cables, the controller will default to USB mode only. USB Connection In USB mode, the controller uses a 3M Touch Systems USB communication cable (P/N 7319420) PC 99 compatible or equivalent interconnect. One end of this cable plugs into the USB connector (P1) on the PX400 series controller. The other end has a Type-A connector, and plugs into a USB port on your PC. When creating a custom cable, use the Molex 51004-0500 mating connector. The following table describes the interconnections of the 3M Touch Systems USB cable. Table 1. USB Cable for PX400 Series Controllers PC Side (USB Type A) Pin USB Assigned 1 +5Vdc (VBUS) 2 Data (DN) 3 Data (DP) 4 0V 5 Cable Shield Shell Wire Color Red Gray Green Black Charcoal Gray Controller Side (5-Pin Molex) Pin Description 1 +5Vdc VBUS power 2 Data (DN) differential pair 3 Data (DP) differential pair 4 Power return 5 Outer cable shield around signal and power lines. Chassis (earth) ground Serial Connection For serial mode, the PX400 series controller uses and 3M Touch Systems RS-232 plug and play cable (P/N 7319630) or an equivalent interconnect. One end of this cable plugs into the RS-232 connector (P3) on the PX400 series controller. The other end, which has a 9-pin D connector, can plug directly into a serial port on your PC extender card. The following table describes the interconnections for the 3M Touch Systems RS-232 cable. When creating a custom cable, use the Molex 51004-0800 mating connector. The following table describes the interconnections of the 3M Touch Systems serial cable. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 37 Table 2. Serial Cable for PX400 Series Controllers PC Side (9-Pin D) Pin RS-232 Assigned Jumpered to: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sleeve Pin Data Carrier Detect (DCD) 4 and 6 DTR and DSR Receive Data (RXD) Transmit Data (TXD) Data Terminal Ready (DTR) 1 and 6 DCD and DSR Signal Ground Data Set Ready (DSR) 1 and 4 DCD and DSR Request to Send (RTS) Clear to Send (CTS) Not Used 5V (not used) Ground Controller Side (8-Pin Molex) Pin Description 8 2 3 8 5 8 1 4 6 7 DCD, DTR, DSR Transmit Data (TXD) Receive Data (RXD) DCD, DTR, DSR Power supply ground DCD, DTR, DSR Request to Send (RTS) Clear to Send (CTS) Do not ground DC power jack (Not Used) Cable shield connected to ground. DC power jack ground Supplying Power to the Controller Supply power to the PX400 series controller using the 3-pin power connector P4 (Molex 22-05-3031). Pin 1 is the leftmost pin on the header. Use a locking mated 3-pin connector (Molex 08-50-0114). Pin 1 (square hole) is not used. Pin 2 is ground. Pin 3 is 12 VDC. Be sure to match the pin designations on the connector. CAUTION To avoid possible damage to the controller: You must provide a path for electrostatic discharge. The controller mounting hole nearest the sensor connector should be used to connect to chassis safety ground and must be attached by the shortest possible route to a good earth return (chassis) in all applications. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 38 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Powering the Controller To power your controller, you need to tap a +12V power source within the display. It is helpful to locate this power source before beginning the controller installation. A multimeter or the display schematic can be used to locate an appropriate power source on the display's main board. After deciding where to mount the controller, it is necessary to determine how the controller will be powered. Note that the controller must be properly grounded through the mounting holes. Note: Your system may be susceptible to conducted radio frequency interference (CRFI). If you see a problem, 3M Touch Systems recommends placement of a ferrite on the third wire ground of the AC power cable. For two conductor AC power applications, use a common mode choke on the hot and neutral conductors. You will need to ensure that the solution passes conducted immunity standards. Component P4 is the power connector. Pin 3 is +12V power and Pin 2 is ground. Pin 1 is not used. The power source must meet the following requirements:     Typical current supplied: 440mA ± 10% in normal mode Maximum voltage drop allowed: 50 mV Peak to peak noise: 100 mV Voltage regulation: ± 2% To determine the display’s voltage drop at the power source conduct the following test: 1. Measure voltage across the power source contacts 2. Connect sensor to controller, and controller to power source. 3. Power up the display and allow it to warm up for at least 10 minutes 4. Measure voltage across the power source again The difference in voltages before and after the wires were connected cannot exceed 50 mV. If this voltage drop is exceeded, you must find a different tap point location. Note: Some components on the controller can be hot. This is normal and will not affect operations. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 39 Note: You can connect both USB and serial cables to the display. Choose one or the other to connect to the PC. If both are connected, the controller will default to USB operation. Connecting the Touch Sensor To minimize the risk of electromagnetic interference, never run the sensor tails near or over the backlight inverter or power supply. The noise generated by an inverter is broadband and can contain frequencies close to the signal frequency that could disrupt system operations. The sensor tails are not a handles. Never pick your sensor up by the tails. They are electrical connections and are not designed for high stress. Do not place constant stress on the tails during integration. Do not expose the tails to mechanical stresses because of the integration design. Provide adequate slack to ensure there is no straining on the tails. Avoid lateral pulls that may overstress the outermost electrical contacts on the glass. The sensor tails should not move freely after assembly. Apply tape or another light adhesive to secure the tails in a manner that does not apply stress to them. Apply tape or other insulating material to sharp edges to protect the tails. Route the cable away from sharp edges whenever possible. If this cannot be avoided, secure the tails so they do not move. Note: 3M Touch Systems does not recommend metal sensor mounting brackets. If metal sensor mounting brackets must be used, be sure to keep tail bends away. Make sure that all metal brackets are grounded. Apply tape around the sharp edges on the chassis so that when you wrap the tails over the edge, they won't tear. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 40 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Note: ZIF connectors can be fragile. Do not force these connectors open. These ZIF connectors are not removable; they must be opened/released to connect or disconnect a cable from them. Take the tail straight from the sensor and carefully align with the ZIF connector. Gold side of connector should face up as you insert the tail Pull out each clip individually to insert the ZIF tail into the connector. Then push the clips back in place simultaneously to lock the tail in place. Do not forget to open the clips if you wish to remove the tail at a later time. It is critical that these connectors be locked so that the tails will not fall out. Connect the tail and lock into place. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 41 Tape the tail into place so there is no stress on the tail and its connection. You may tape the length of the tail to the chassis to minimize any movement or stress on the tail and its connection. Your chassis should look similar to the illustration below when all tails are correctly connected and taped in place. Note: The illustrations are meant to be representative. Your product may look different. Reference your marketing drawing or contact your 3M Touch Systems sales representative. Modifying the Display for the Controller Cable 1. Select a location on the rear of the display’s cover to thread the controller cable. You need to be able to thread the cable from outside the display in through the opening. 2. Use a center punch to place a dimple at the selected location. 3. If necessary, drill a hole using a 3/4-inch spade bit. Installing the Controller Cable Grommet You will also need a grommet to place around the controller cable. The grommet seals the opening between the cable and the display cover. Attach the grommet around the controller cable. Carefully insert the grommet into the mounting hole using a blunt tool. Reassembling the Display Cover Once you drill the holes in the display cover for the controller cable, you are ready to reassemble the display. 1. Check the display mounting for proper adjustment. Make sure all wires are properly attached, including the sensor’s green wire to the chassis ground. Check for video and power cables that originate inside the display. If these cables exist, be sure to thread them through the appropriate opening in the display cover. These will be reconnected through the pedestal. Note: When routing the sensor flex tails through the metal shield and rear display cover, be careful to avoid the inverter and other high noise sources. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 42 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 2. Align the display cover for reattachment to the chassis and thread the controller cable through the hole. 3. Remount the cover to the chassis assembly and attach the housing screws you removed when you disassembled the display or use new longer screws as required. Note: Do not tighten the screws beyond the “just tight” position. Nylon threads strip easily. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 43 CHAPTER 5 Enabling Your Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System Windows® 7 USB Compatibility 3M multi-touch PCT technology works seamlessly with the Windows® 7 operating system. The Multi-Touch system supports USB HID for direct communication. The Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System leverages all the multi-touch functionality that is native to Windows® 7. Plug the display in to a system running Windows® 7 and you’ll quickly enter the world of true multi-touch functionality. The Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System is compatible with Windows® 7 and is Windows® 7AQ certified for full multi-touch support. Refer to Microsoft's Windows® 7 documentation for additional information. All Other Platforms When using a Windows® 7 serial connection or for Windows® XP, Vista or Linux® operating systems (either USB or serial), 3M provides MicroTouch MT 7 Software for multi-touch drivers. This guide includes information installing the touch controller driver and setting the video alignment. In the Appendix of this guide, you will find the communication protocols necessary to talk directly with the system electronics. This enables software developers using other operating systems such as Microsoft® Windows® Vista or Linux® to write their own drivers and optimize their applications. Multi-touch Application Support Remember not all applications are multi-touch ready – Multi-touch behavior is a function of YOUR application. Check with your application vendor to determine if your software has multi-touch capability. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 44 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Installing 3M™ MicroTouch™ Software Remember that Windows® 7 does not require any additional software to enable multitouch functionality. However, for Windows® XP, Vista or Linux® operating systems, 3M™ MicroTouch™ Software enables your Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System to work with your computer. 3M™ MicroTouch™ Software includes a control panel for setting your touch sensor preferences and a diagnostic utility. If you are experiencing problems with the touch sensor, you can use the diagnostic utilities provided to test the system. For more information on installing this software and using the control panel, refer to the 3M™ MicroTouch™ Software User Guide on the accompanying CD or on the corporate website at www.3m.com/touch. Video Alignment The Multi-Touch PCT2000PX Series System does not require video alignment if you are able to accurately touch icons on the sensor. If after integrating the system you cannot do this, the touch sensor’s active area may not be correctly aligned to the underlying video. To compensate for any variability in touch sensor placement during integration, you should perform a video alignment of the sensor to the display to ensure touch accuracy. There are three ways to perform a video alignment. Regardless of the operating system, after you connect your touch display:  If you are using Windows®, you may calibrate by accessing the Software Diagnostic Utility (SDU) found on our website. Launch the SDU. Select the Tools menu and highlight Calibration. The screen below appears and you should touch the 2 targets as they appear. Press Escape to cancel Calibration. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 45  If you are using 3M™ MicroTouch™ MT 7 Software, launch the MT 7 Control Panel and follow the instructions on the Main tab. You'll be asked to touch 3 targets.  If you are writing your own drivers, you should provide your own video alignment tool. Use the Paint program (Start → Programs→ Accessories→ Paint) to determine if you have multi-touch operation. Retest the accuracy after you perform a calibration. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 46 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide APPENDIX A 3M™ PX USB Controller Communications This appendix is intended for software developers only and discusses the fundamentals of communicating with the 3M™ PX controller. The firmware commands, which are usually issued by a driver or utility program on the host system, control the operation of the controller. This appendix lists the recommended firmware commands and describes how to use each of these commands. Overview of USB Firmware Communications Developers may use this information when writing touch applications, developing custom drivers or touch configurations, or testing their touch systems. Developers can issue commands to initialize the controller, select operating modes, and execute diagnostic functions. Note: This document assumes you are familiar with USB standards and modes of communication with USB devices, as well as firmware commands and how to use them. Executing some commands may alter the performance of your sensor and render it inoperable. You should be aware of the results before executing any firmware commands. To optimize the performance of the PX controller and simplify the development of custom drivers, 3M Touch Systems recommends you use the commands listed in this appendix for current development. Communication Basics This section provides information on sending firmware commands to the controller and interpreting the responses that the controller returns. The default operation of the PX controller is USB Rev 2.0 full speed. The USB command set is implemented by using vendor requests and vendor reports, i.e., vendor specific transactions. The controller issues some reports without prompting the computer. The computer can also send requests to the controller to change how it operates or receives information about the controller. The controller issues a synchronous 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 47 report in response to some of these requests. You need to know product ID and the vendor ID to write your own driver. These values are required for identifying the controller and can be found in your product specification. Receiving Reports from the Controller The controller sends a variety of reports to the computer. The first byte of each report is the Report ID that defines the structure and content of the report. The controller sends some reports as a direct response to a computer request (synchronous). The controller will also send some reports as the result of an external event, such as a touch (asynchronous). Command Set The USB command set is implemented by using HID Get Feature and Set Feature commands. The various requests and reports are grouped together by report size under a common feature ID. The following table summarizes the available HID class requests. Table 1. HID Class Requests Summary HID Report Command Name bmRequest Type bRequest Feature Report ID Report Subtype Get Feature Set Feature Set Feature Set Feature Get Feature 0xA1 (D2H) 0x21 (H2D) 0x21 (H2D) 0x21 (H2D) 0xA1 (D2H) 0x01 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x01 0x06 0x03 0x03 0x03 0x12 -4 7 8 -- GetStatus Calibrate Reset Restore Defaults GetMaxCount Data Stage Bytes 8 8 8 8 2 Set Feature - Calibration This is a command to do a Calibrate Extended style calibration. The controller will autoorient on this 2 point calibration. Table 2. Calibration Setup Stage Offset 0 1 2 Field bmRequestType bRequest wValue Size 1 1 2 Value 0x21 0x09 0x0303 4 6 wIndex wLength 2 2 0 8 Description Class,H2D,Interface Set Report Msb 03 = Feature Lsb 03 = Feature Report ID Always 0 Always 8 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 48 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Table 3. Data Stage Offset 0 1 2 3--7 Field Report ID Report Subtype bCalType Not used Size 1 1 1 5 Value 0x03 0x04 0xXX 0 Description Feature report ID Indicates a calibration request 0x01 = Extended cal (CX) Not used The device stalls endpoint 0 if the command cannot be processed successfully. The request cannot be processed if an invalid calibration type is given in the wValue field. The request will also fail if the 2 calibration points do not fall within certain bounds established by the firmware. These bounds require that the 2 calibration points be in opposite quadrants of the sensor. The host should issue a GetStatus request to determine the status of this request. The status report includes a command status byte which will be set as shown below. Table 4. Calibration Response Command Status Byte 0 1 2 3 Description Calibration Failed Controller is waiting for a touch in the lower left corner. Calibration software paints a target in the lower left corner. Controller is waiting for a touch in the upper right corner. Calibration software paints a target in the upper right corner. Calibration completed successfully. The controller does not timeout waiting for touch. Use the Soft Reset command to abort the calibration. Determining Target Areas The default calibration targets (points) are located 12.5% (1/8) inward from the corners of the video image. For example, suppose the resolution of your Windows-based display is 1680 x 1050. The Calibrate Extended command calculates the amount to move inward as follows:  Amount to move inward in the X direction: 1680 x 1/8 = 210  Amount to move inward in the Y direction: 1050 x 1/8 = 131 The Calibrate Extended command then positions the first calibration target inward from the lower left corner (0,1049) and the second calibration target inward from the upper right corner (1679,0). The following illustration shows how the calibration targets are calculated for a Windows-based system. Your operating system may be different. The illustration below shows the coordinates of the calibration targets and display corners. The corners show the video coordinates in parentheses and the touch screen coordinates in brackets. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 49 (1679, 0) [32767, 0] (0, 0) [0, 0] Upper Right Calibration Target (1469, 131) X = 1679 – (1680 x 1/8) = 1679 – 210 = 1469 Y = 0 + (1050 x 1/8) = 0 + 131 = 131 Lower Left Calibration Target X = 0 + (1680 x 1/8) = 0 + 210 = 210 Y = 1049 - (1050 x 1/8) = 1049 - 131 = 918 (210, 918) (0, 1049) [0, 32767] (1679, 1049) [32767, 32767] Note: Other screen resolutions will scale proportionally. The touch coordinates will not change. Get Feature - GetStatus This is a request to send information that indicates the status of the controller. Among the uses for this request are determining whether there were any power on check errors and determining whether the last request was completed successfully. Table 5. Controller Status Setup Stage Offset 0 1 2 Field bmRequestType bRequest wValue Size 1 1 2 Value 0xA1 0x01 0x0306 4 6 wIndex wLength 2 2 0 8 Description Class,D2H,Interface Get Report msb=03=Feature lsb=06= Feature Report ID Always 0 Always 8 Table 6. Controller Status Data Stage (controller response) Offset 0 1 2 3 4 Field Report ID POC Status Cmd Status Touch Status Not Used Size 1 1 1 1 1 Value 0x06 0xXX 0xXX 0 0xXX 5-7 Not used 3 0 Description Feature Report ID Power On Check Status Status of last command Not used 0x00 = async touch output off 0x01 = async touch output on Not used POC Status – The status of the Power-on Checks. Various controller systems are checked at power-up. If any failures in these systems are detected, a POC flag is set. The POC status field reports the state of these flags. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 50 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Table 7. Power On Check Bit Fields Bit Number 0 1 2 3 4 5--7 Description Not used ROM_ERROR Not used Not used Not used Not used Notes Code area checksum error Command Status – The status for the last command request. This field is used to determine whether the last request was processed successfully. It is also used to track the progress of a multi-stage request, such as 2 point calibration. The Status Request does not affect the contents of this field, i.e., successful or unsuccessful processing of a previous status request does not cause the command status field to be updated. Table 8. Valid Command Status Field Entries Response 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 -- 7 Description Failure in command processing Command being processed Stage 1 processing complete (for multi-stage commands) Command complete Soft Reset Occurred Hard Reset Occurred Not used Get Feature - GetMaxCount This is a request to send information that indicates the maximum number of simultaneous touches supported by the controller. Table 9. Setup Stage Offset 0 1 2 Field bmRequestType bRequest wValue Size 1 1 2 Value 0xA1 0x01 0x0312 4 6 wIndex wLength 2 2 0 2 Description Class,D2H,Interface Get Report msb=03=Feature lsb=12 Feature Report ID Always 0 Always 2 Table 10. Data Stage (controller response) Offset 0 1 Field Report ID Max Count Size 1 1 Value 0x12 0x1NN Description Feature Report ID Number of actual fingers supported (NN= maximum number of “Actual Counts” in the touch report) Note: The number of actual contacts reported may exceed this number. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 51 Set Feature - Reset This is a request to perform a controller reset. Soft resets are automatic after any block parameter changes. Table 11. Reset - Setup Stage Offset 0 1 2 Field bmRequestType bRequest wValue Size 1 1 2 Value 0x21 0x09 0x0303 4 6 wIndex wLength 2 2 0 8 Size 1 1 1 Value 0x03 0x07 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x05 0 Description Class,H2D,Interface Set Report msb=03=Feature lsb=03= Feature Report ID Always 0 Always 8 Table 12. Reset – Data Stage Offset 0 1 2 Field Report ID Report Subtype bResetType 3--7 5 Description Feature Report ID Indicates a reset request Soft Reset Hard Reset Reboot ROM Reboot EEP Not used A Hard Reset will cause the controller to re-enumerate. In the case of a Soft Reset, after sending the command, the controller will acknowledge (ACK) the transfer, but the command will not yet be completed. Before sending any other commands, the host should poll with GetStatus until the command status field returns “Soft Reset Occurred,” “Command Complete,” or “Fail”. Any timeout for this status polling should be 2 seconds minimum. Set Feature –Restore Defaults This is a request to restore parameter defaults. Table 13. Restore Defaults -- Setup Stage Offset 0 1 2 Field bmRequestType bRequest wValue Size 1 1 2 Value 0x21 0x09 0x0303 4 6 wIndex wLength 2 2 0 8 Description Class,H2D,Interface Set Report msb=03=Feature lsb=03= Feature Report ID Always 0 Always 8 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 52 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Table 14. Restore Defaults - Data Stage Offset 0 1 2-7 Field Report ID Report Subtype Size 1 1 6 Value 0x03 0x08 0 Description Feature Report ID Restore Defaults Not used After sending this command, the controller will acknowledge (ACK) the transfer, but the command will not yet be completed. Before sending any other commands, the host should poll with GetStatus until the command status field returns “Command Complete” or “Fail”. Any timeout for this status polling should be 2 seconds minimum. Asynchronous Reports Coordinate Data – MultiTouch Digitizer mode Async Report 0x13 This is used to transfer the coordinate data to the host. This report, when activated, is sent to the host whenever new data is available or scheduled for transmission. It is an asynchronous report that is activated by default at power up. The report shown supports up to 6 simultaneous touches. Note that if more than 6 touches were to be supported, Report 0x13 would be sent as many times as necessary to accommodate the number of fingers touching. Only the first Report 0x13 will have a nonzero actual count. Each valid touch is marked with an ID number that remains the same from touchdown through liftoff. The ID number can be any value from 0 to 255. Ignore all other data within a touch report structure with a status marked “not valid”. The coordinate system is Upper Left origin. Table 15. Coordinate Data Report 0x13 --Data Stage Offset 0 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 Field Report ID Touch Report Touch Report Touch Report Touch Report Touch Report Touch Report Actual Count Size 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 1 Value 0x13 See table 16 See table 16 See table 16 See table 16 See table 16 See table 16 1 to max 62 63 Not used Not used 1 1 0 0 Description Report ID Touch Report Structure Touch Report Structure Touch Report Structure Touch Report Structure Touch Report Structure Touch Report Structure Number of valid touch reports (no more than declared max touch reports) 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 53 Table 16. Touch Report Structure Offset 0 Field Status Size 6 Value 0xXX 1 2 3 4 5 Touch ID X lsb X msb Y lsb Y msb 1 1 1 1 1 0-255 0xXX 0xXX 0xXX 0xXX Description 0x00 Report not valid 0x04 Not touching 0x07 Touching Not used X ( 0-7FFF) Y ( 0-7FFF) 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 54 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide APPENDIX B 3M™ PX Serial Controller Communications This appendix is intended for software developers only and discusses the fundamentals of communicating with the 3M™ PX serial controller. The firmware commands, which are usually issued by a driver or utility program on the host system, control the operation of the controller; however developers can enter these commands directly. This appendix:     Describes the controller default settings. Lists the recommended firmware commands for current development. Describes how to use each of these commands. References additional commands developers may need to use. The description of each command includes the command syntax, the default value, how the command works, and the expected response from the controller. Overview of Firmware Commands Developers may use these commands when writing touch applications, developing custom drivers or touch configurations, or testing their touch systems. Developers can issue commands to initialize the controller, select operating modes, and execute diagnostic functions. Note: This document assumes you are familiar with standards and modes of communication with serial devices, as well as firmware commands and how to use them. Executing some commands may alter the performance of your sensor and render it inoperable. You should be aware of the results before executing any firmware commands. To optimize the performance of the 3M™ PX controller and simplify the development of custom drivers, 3M Touch Systems recommends you use the commands listed in this appendix for current development. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 55 Controller Default Settings Communication Parameters The operation of the PX serial controllers is N81 (no parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bits) at 115,200 baud (nonadjustable). Data Format Data format refers to the type of packet the controller uses to send the X/Y touch coordinates to the host system. Format Tablet Multi-touch is the default format for the 3M™ PX serial controller. In Format Tablet Multi-touch, the controller sends 6 bytes per point and provides the most rapid response time to a touch. Note that 3M MicroTouch Software automatically sets communications parameters to N81. The format is a six byte packet that includes one status byte, four bytes of binary X,Y position data and a touch ID. The X,Y coordinates are 14 bits, providing a range of 0 to 16,383. The data is sent in the following format: Table 17. Touch Data Format Settings Data Sequence Status - Byte 1 X - Byte 2 X - Byte 3 Y - Byte 4 Y - Byte 5 ID – Byte 6 Bits 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 P1 X6 X13 Y6 Y13 N6 5 0 X5 X12 Y5 Y12 N5 4 0 X4 X11 Y4 Y11 N4 3 0 X3 X10 Y3 Y10 N3 2 0 X2 X9 Y2 Y9 N2 1 0 X1 X8 Y1 Y8 N1 0 0 X0 X7 Y0 Y7 N0 Note 1: P is the proximity bit. It is set to 1 when there is a touch, 0 for a liftoff. The ID is associated with a touch stream from one finger. The ID, in the range of 0-127, is assigned on a rotating basis at touchdown. A finger touch stream consists of a touchdown, maybe some continuing touch points, ending with a liftoff. The ID is released on liftoff, and becomes available to be reassigned. When multiple fingers are down, the packets from the touch streams are sent interleaved. There is no order imposed on the interleave. Operating Mode The operating mode specifies the conditions under which the controller sends the X/Y touch coordinates (input data packet) to the host system. Mode Stream is the default operating mode for the 3M™ PX serial controller. In Mode Stream, the controller sends a continuous stream of data packets when the sensor is touched. The controller sends the data as long as a touch continues on the sensor. Because Mode Stream sends touch data continually, it is the most versatile mode, and it provides the best response time and overall feel. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 56 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 3M Touch Systems recommends that the touch driver generate an interrupt as each packet in the data stream arrives. Because touchdown and liftoff events are specially coded, your software can generate mouse events that correspond to what the user is doing. This enables instant feedback and prevents data loss. Communicating with the Controller This section provides information on sending firmware commands to the controller and interpreting the responses that the controller returns. The commands listed in Table 18 are those that 3M Touch Systems currently uses for development. 3M Touch Systems recommends that you use only these commands for 3M™ PX serial controller development. Commands to the controller are sent on the signal Receive Data (RXD) line as a serial data stream. For each command it receives, the controller sends a response to the host on the signal Transmit Data (TXD) line also as a serial data stream. Sending Commands to the Controller When you send a command to the controller, you must use the correct command format. The general format of a command is as follows:

Command Note: The following descriptions of header, command, and terminator, use 3M Touch Systems terminal emulator key sequences. You may need to enter the sequence in a different format, depending on your emulator. The header is the first character in the command string and is the ASCII start-of-header control character SOH. The hexadecimal code for the ASCII SOH control character is 01. To start the command sequence, use the key combination Ctrl A (^A). If you are working with an IBM PC compatible system, the Ctrl A key combination immediately returns an ASCII  character. The command, which always follows the header, consists of ASCII uppercase letters and numbers only (printable characters). The terminator is the last character of each command string and is an ASCII carriage return CR. An ASCII CR control character is 0D hexadecimal. To enter a carriage return, ending the command sequence, use Enter or the key combination Ctrl M (^M). This appendix lists each command as a string of ASCII control characters and printable characters consisting of a header, the command, and a terminator as follows: Command Receiving Responses from the Controller After executing a command, the controller returns a response or acknowledgment to the host system. Each controller response consists of a header, the command response, and a terminator in the following format:

Command Response 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 57 Note: The following descriptions of header, response, and terminator, use 3M Touch Systems terminal emulator key sequences. The format of controller responses varies depending on the terminal emulation mode you are using. The header is the first character in the response string and is the ASCII start-of-header control character SOH. The hexadecimal code for the ASCII SOH control character is 01. If you are working with an IBM PC compatible system in terminal mode, the SOH control character returns a  character to the sensor. The command response, which always follows the header, is a range of ASCII characters depending on the type of command sent. Responses can be in many forms. For example, one standard response is 0 (ASCII character ‘zero’ or 30 hexadecimal). This response indicates a successful command completion for most commands, while it indicates a failed completion for other commands. Refer to the firmware command section for a description of what the response indicates for each particular command. Another standard response is 1 (ASCII character ‘one’ or 31 hexadecimal). In most cases, this response indicates the command failed. The controller received an invalid command that it could not execute. Some possible reasons for a command failure include:    The command was not formatted correctly. The system parameters were not set up to allow command execution. The controller does not support the command. The terminator is the last character of each response string and is an ASCII carriage return CR. The hexadecimal code for the ASCII CR control character is 0D hexadecimal. The value returned in the response will be the ASCII control character for a carriage return, displayed on the screen as the cursor moving to the next line. In this appendix, responses are shown as a string of ASCII characters consisting of a header, the response, and a terminator as follows: Response Controller Initialization To initialize the 3M™ PX serial controller for new development, 3M Touch Systems recommends that the host system issue a Reset command whenever the host system is powered on and is attempting to establish communication with the controller. Firmware Commands Developers may use this information when writing touch applications, developing custom drivers or touch configurations, or testing their touch systems. Developers can use firmware commands to initialize the controller, select operating modes, specify data formats, and execute diagnostic functions. Caution: This document assumes you are familiar with firmware commands and how to use them. Executing some commands may alter the performance of your touch system and render it inoperable. You should be aware of the results before executing any firmware commands. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 58 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide To optimize the performance of the touch controller and simplify the development of custom drivers, 3M Touch Systems recommends you use the commands listed in Table 18 for current development. Using these commands ensures compatibility with all 3M™ controllers. Note: When you enter commands in terminal mode, precede each command with A to enter the start of header. Table 18. Firmware Commands for PX Serial Controller Development Command Code Description Calibrate Mode Down Up Mode Inactive Mode Stream Null Command Output Identity Soft Reset Restore Defaults Unit Type CX MDU MI MS Z OI R RD UT Initiates an interactive 2-point calibration. Reports touchdowns and liftoffs only. Turns off touch reports. Default mode. Streaming touch reports. Returns an ACK. No effect. Returns Identity string: ADxxxx Resets certain modes and gets a new baseline. Restores default settings. Returns the Status string: AD****ss. Calibrate Syntax: Response: CX 1 Valid point response. A Valid Point Response (‘1’) signifies that a touch coordinate was detected and is in range of the expected screen target area. Two valid point responses indicate successful calibration. 0 Invalid point response An Invalid Point Response (‘0’) is returned if the touch coordinate is out of range. If either calibration point is invalid, the touch coordinates are discarded and the calibration points remain unchanged from their previous values. Description: 2 Invalid point response An Invalid Point Response (‘2’) is returned if the user did not touch the target long enough to provide an accurate point. Initiates an interactive 2-point calibration. During the calibration process, you define the active area of the touch sensor by mapping locations to an absolute X/Y coordinate system. You touch two target areas on the sensor. Touching the target areas sends the X/Y coordinates for those touch points to the controller. The controller calculates all other touch points based on these two points. The Calibrate command sets the calibration targets (points) 12½ percent inward from the corner of the video image. Setting the targets inward makes the calibration process easier and more accurate. It also establishes screen orientation. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 59 Calibrate Procedure To use the CX command: 1. Enter the Calibrate (CX) command. The controller sends an initial acknowledgment of 0. 2. Touch the sensor at a lower left target, which is located 12.5% (1/8) in from the corner of the video image. The controller returns an acknowledgment of 1. This is a positive response. If you receive a negative response 0, you can cancel the calibration by issuing a Reset command and then start over again. 3. Touch the sensor at an upper right target, which is located 12.5% (1/8) in from the corner of the video image. The controller returns an acknowledgment of 1. This is a positive response. If you receive a negative response, you must start over again. Touching the two valid calibration points results in a successful calibration. If either calibration point is invalid, the calibration fails. The PX controller restores the previous calibration values. If Calibrate fails, repeat the CX process. Guidelines for Calibrate Command Here are several guidelines for using the Calibrate commands:  The controller uses the data immediately before liftoff to register a calibration touch. Therefore, you can touch the coordinate target, hold for a few seconds, and then lift off. Instructing users to touch this way results in a more accurate calibration.  The controller stores the data in non-volatile memory (NOVRAM). Therefore, you do not have to calibrate the sensor each time you power on the system. You should, however, recalibrate the touch sensor any time the video display changes size or resolution.  You can cancel calibration at any time during this sequence by issuing a Reset command. Determining Target Areas The default calibration targets (points) are located 12.5% (1/8) inward from the corners of the video image. For example, the resolution of your Windows-based display is 1680 x 1050. The Calibrate Extended command calculates the amount to move inward as follows:  Amount to move inward in the X direction: 1680 x 1/8 = 210  Amount to move inward in the Y direction: 1050 x 1/8 = 131 The Calibrate Extended command then positions the first calibration target inward from the lower left corner (0,1049) and the second calibration target inward from the upper right corner (1679,0). The following illustration shows how the calibration targets are calculated for a Windows-based system. Your operating system may be different. The illustration below shows the coordinates of the calibration targets and display corners. The corners show the video coordinates in parentheses and the touch screen coordinates in brackets. Note that the touch screen coordinates for the serial interface have their origin in the lower-left corner. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 60 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide (0, 0) [0, 16383] (1679, 0) [16383, 16383] Upper Right Calibration Target (1469, 131) X = 1679 – (1680 x 1/8) = 1679 – 210 = 1469 Y = 0 + (1050 x 1/8) = 0 + 131 = 131 Lower Left Calibration Target X = 0 + (1680 x 1/8) = 0 + 210 = 210 Y = 1049 - (1050 x 1 (210, 918) (0, 1049) [0, 0] (1679, 1049) [16383, 0] Note: Other screen resolutions will scale proportionally. The touch coordinates will not change. Mode Down Up Syntax: MDU Response: 0 Positive response. Description: Limits touch reports to touchdown and liftoff events only. Mode Inactive Syntax: MI Response: 0 Positive response. Description: Turns off touch reports. Mode Stream Syntax: MS Response: 0 Positive response. Description: The controller will respond with acknowledge (ACK) for compatibility. This format is the only format supported by this controller. This is the default mode of operation at power up. Touch reports include touchdown and liftoff events as well as continuing touches. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 61 Null Command Syntax: Z Response: 0 Positive response. Description: Queries the controller and waits for a response. Use Z to determine that you are communicating with the controller or to make sure that a utility is communicating with the controller. Using this command does not affect the controller’s current operating parameters. Output Identity Syntax: OI Response: ADXxxx where: Description: AD = Two ASCII characters that describe the type of 3M Touch Systems controller. Xxxx = This is a unique identifier not necessarily the actual firmware revision number. Returns a 6-character identifier, which describes the controller type and the firmware version number. 3M Touch Systems recommends that the host system issue a Reset command whenever the host system is powered on and is attempting to establish communication with the controller. The amount of time needed to execute a Reset command is typically 500 milliseconds with a defined maximum of 2000 milliseconds. Therefore, the application program should wait and be sure it receives the command response before issuing another command to the controller following the reset. Restore Defaults Syntax: RD Response: 0 Positive response. Description: Returns to the factory default operating parameters. The Restore Defaults command copies the 3M Touch Systems factory default parameters from ROM to the non-volatile memory (NOVRAM) and then executes a Reset command. The following table lists the factory defaults for the PX controller. The Restore Defaults command is useful in situations where inadvertent commands to the controller have rendered the sensor inoperative. 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 62 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide Table 19. PX Factory Default Settings Operating Parameter Baud Rate Serial Communication Settings Data Format Operating Mode Return to Factory Calibration Default 115,200 N, 8, 1 Format Tablet Multitouch Mode Stream Yes Note: After you issue a Restore Defaults command, you must recalibrate your sensor. Soft Reset Syntax: R Response: 0 Positive response. Description: Initializes the hardware and the firmware, causes the controller to stop sending data, and recalculates the environmental conditions (for example, stray and offset values). The Reset command also cancels the Calibrate command and returns the controller to normal operation. Unit Type UT Responds with an 8-character identity string. This string identifies the type of controller currently attached to the system, lists the features supported by the controller, and outputs the status of the controller hardware (a self-test code). Returns an identification code up to 8 ASCII characters in the following format: TtFfffSs where: Tt = Two ASCII characters that identify the controller type. AD Ffff = Four ASCII characters that indicate the features supported by the controller. **** Ss Indicates the PX series of controllers Indicates no additional features configured = Two ASCII characters that provide status information about the controller hardware. The two characters represent one byte. Each character is in the range 0 to 9 and A to F. Table 2 defines the meaning of each bit in the status byte. Each bit can be set to 1 or 0, where 1 = an error and 0 = no error. So a response of: 00 = No diagnostic errors (normal response) 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A 3M™ Multi-Touch System PCT2000PX Series Integration Guide 63 The PX running with no errors returns the following string: AD****00 The format includes two bitmapped ASCII hex status bytes. A “00” indicates no errors. Table 20. Bit Meanings in Status Byte Bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Description Not used ROM_ERROR PWM Error NOV_ERROR HDW_ERROR Not used Not used Not used Notes Code area checksum error Touch screen not connected or potential problem. Parameter Block1 checksum error Problem with ADCs 3M Touch Systems, Inc. Proprietary Information – TSD-39954A