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Project P910 ,PSURYLQJVFDODELOLW\RID:$3 *DWHZD\XVLQJ,QWHUQHW $SSOLDQFHV  Yvon GOURHANT - Bertrand MATHIEU - Laurent REYNAUD FTR&D / DAC / LIP / OSM Le présent document contient des informations qui sont la propriété de France Télécom. L'acceptation de ce document par son destinataire implique, de la part de ce dernier, la reconnaissance du caractère confidentiel de son contenu et l'engagement de n'en faire aucune reproduction, aucune transmission à des tiers, aucune divulgation et aucune utilisation commerciale sans l'accord préalable écrit de France Télécom R&D France Télécom R&D Presentation_IT2000 - 11/10/2000 7RSLFV ➨ What is a WAP gateway ? ➨ Why distributing a WAP gateway ? ➨ What are Internet Appliances ? ➨ The KAN/JI architecture ➨ WAPgen : a WAP generator ➨ Tests passed and Results France Télécom R&D Project P910 :KDWLVD:$3JDWHZD\ ➨ Enables mobile devices (cells phones, PDAs..) having access to Internet. Main feature : « WAP - HTTP » Adaptation Underlying functions handled by a gateway : layer adaptation, content encoding, load distribution, logs, charging and alarms handling, gateway remote administration functions …. WAP HTTP WAP Gateway Gateway Nominal traffic failure France Télécom R&D Content servers Project P910 :KDWLVD:$3JDWHZD\ ➨ A WAP Gateway may be seen as a set of cooperative components UDP packet UDP packet manager UDP packet manager UDP packet manager manager Built-in Admin server Session Session manager manager (WSP) (WSP) Route manager Route manager (traffic Route manager (traffic distribution) (traffic distribution) distribution) HTTP manager France Télécom R&D Transaction Transaction manager manager (WTP) (WTP) Security manager (WTLS) WAP content compiler (WBXML) ... Project P910 :K\GLVWULEXWLQJD:$3JDWHZD\" ➨ Hardly predictable traffic load + mostly hardware dependant gateway dimensionning means : greater risks for the gateway to get overloaded, and for the deployed services to get interrupted an emergency re-dimensionning is likely to become costy ➨ A faster increase of the amount of subcribers means more frequent dimensionning revisions e.g. the NTT DoCoMo i-mode service troubles when reaching : l 6M users (march-april 2000), 7M users (june 2000) ➨ Where to seek flexibility? Buy platforms that bear n00% temporary overload (n=2,3,4,…) : expensive, temporary... Rethink the gateway computing architecture, enabling component distribution France Télécom R&D Project P910 :KDWDUH,QWHUQHW$SSOLDQFHV ➨ What are Internet Appliances? Connected devices that need to easily communicate with other devices in order to execute different services. Add a new instance or a new component and this latter is « automatically » discovered (no configuration) and its services are automatically added. This coordination must rely on an infrastructure ➨ Different IA vendors, e.g. : Sun ’s JINI mechanisms Microsoft ’s UPnP HP ’s CoolTown Be ’s BeIA the Salutation architecture … ➨ Example : Print a document from his laptop to an unknown printer in an airport France Télécom R&D Project P910 0DLQIHDWXUHVRI,$ ➨ Common goals of IA A service (Ex Jini : Lookup service) is the master and maintains the list of all available servers. A deployed component must be able to announce its presence (Ex Jini : to the lookup Server) Such a service may publish its capacities and make them available to other components Another component may ask the Lookup service for specific capacities which can be offered by other services : The lookup service manages that. The health (status) of the deployed components may be regularly and automatically checked : Ex Jini : The Lookup service send a « leasing » message to all servers to know if they still are alive (like a heartbeat message). Finally, components deployed on top of different IA environment may interoperate ➨ Internet Appliances are mainly fitted for the Home Networks market (e.g. OSGI) or for small local networks ➨ But the IA infrastructure is worth testing in a demanding environnement France Télécom R&D Project P910 7KHPDLQDGYDQWDJHVRI,$ ➨ hot plug : Add a new component and this latter registers itself and its services automatically and makes them available. ➨ « zero administration » : Byt the mechanism of « leasing », if one server is down, the Lookup service detects it and can re-start it if needed or send the load to another instance of this service. These 2 last items can provide a load-balancing and a fault-tolerant environnement very easily. ➨ many synchronisation and event mechanisms ➨ easy to develop services using these mechanisms ➨ lighter, simpler than other environments! (proprietary DPE, ORB, …) : The Lookup service acts as a Naming service (or Trader service) in Corba but not as generic as Corba (i.e. independant of OS and language). France Télécom R&D Project P910 7KH.$1-,DUFKLWHFWXUH ➨ The KAN/JI Gateway is a basic WAP 1.1 gateway WSP and WTP were implemented A set of cooperative services on top of a Java/Jini IA architecture. ➨ All components are managed by the Jini Lookup Services T1 : Discovery multicast C1 Multicast range T2 : Discovery reply SL SL Java/Jini layers France Télécom R&D Project P910 7KH.$1-,$UFKLWHFWXUH ➨ Jini service Lookup for registering WAP components and theirs capabilities Repository T2 : Make C1 description available to other services T4: According to C2 criteria, SL sends C1 description SL T1 : Export C1 methods description T3: Ask for a given service description C1 C2 T5: Intercomponent direct communication Java/Jini layers France Télécom R&D Project P910 7KH.$1-,$UFKLWHFWXUH Content Encoder Repository FEC : Front End Component LS BEC Toward WML server BEC : Back End Component CSDR : Circuit Switch Data Router BEC Toward WML server Toward CSDR FEC Repository LS BEC Toward WML server KAN/JI component Jini link Socket France Télécom R&D Lookup Service Project P910 :$3JHQD:$3WUDIILFJHQHUDWRU ➨ Aims to test the robustness and the performance of WAP gateways ➨ Available with a Graphical User Interface or in Command Line. ➨ Can generate X simultaneous calls (simulating X simultaneous clients accessing the WAP gateway) in mode “burst” or “linear” (each call is sent separated by x milliseconds from each other) ➨ Logs response time for every call in a dated file (CSV format) ➨ Provided with WML files to test the WAP gateway in the 4 cases short files : about 150 encoded bytes long Files : about 1300 encoded bytes Access to 1 file or to 3 files (to simulate users browsing) ➨ Implementation : run directly over UDP (no WTP and no WSP stack) => WAP layers independence written in Java with JDK 1.2 or JDK 1.3 France Télécom R&D Project P910 :$3JHQ7KH*8, France Télécom R&D Project P910 7HVWVSDVVHG ➨ Test of the Web server itself (with a HTTP traffic generator) ➨ Test of a « monolitic » WAP Gateway (written in C) ➨ Test of a distributed WAP gateway (Kanji written in Java with Jini components) Simulation of 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 simultaneous clients Each test is passed 10 times, the average response time is taken into account France Télécom R&D Project P910 (QYLURQQHPHQW ➨ The Web Server PC HP Vectra XA – Pentium Pro 200 Mhz – 32 mo RAM OS : Windows NT 4 Apache 1.3.13 ➨ The HTTP traffic generator : HTTPgen made by FTR&D/DAC/LIP SUN Ultra 10 – UltraSParc IIi – 440 Mhz – 256 Mo RAM run with JDK1.3 over Solaris 2.7 ➨ The WAP traffic generator : WAPgen made by FTR&D/DAC/LIP SUN Ultra 10 – UltraSParc IIi – 440 Mhz – 256 Mo RAM run with JDK1.3 over Solaris 2.7 ➨ The WAP Gateway : PC HP Kayak XM 600 - Pentium 3 – 733 Mhz – 256 Mo RAM OS : Linux RedHat 6.2 France Télécom R&D Project P910 5HVXOWV ➨ Will be soon available France Télécom R&D Project P910 &RQFOXVLRQ ➨ Internet Appliances can be used in the telecommunications domain ➨ Can be used even for a big number of clients ➨ Enable Load-balancing and Fault-tolerance in the system ➨ Improve the performance by distributing the components ➨ Rather simple to implement ➨ Contacts : [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] France Télécom R&D Project P910