Sim08 Hardware Design V1.00

Transcript

SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 Smart Machine Smart Decision Document Title SIM08 Hardware Design Version 1.00 Date 2011-01-24 Status Release Document Control ID SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 General Notes SIMCom offers this information as a service to its customers, to support application and engineering efforts that use the products designed by SIMCom. The information provided is based upon requirements specifically provided to SIMCom by the customers. SIMCom has not undertaken any independent search for additional relevant information, including any information that may be in the customer’s possession. Furthermore, system validation of this product designed by SIMCom within a larger electronic system remains the responsibility of the customer or the customer’s system integrator. All specifications supplied herein are subject to change. Copyright This document contains proprietary technical information which is the property of SIMCom Limited, copying of this document and giving it to others and the using or communication of the contents thereof, are forbidden without express authority. Offenders are liable to the payment of damages. All rights reserved in the event of grant of a patent or the registration of a utility model or design. All specification supplied herein are subject to change without notice at any time. Copyright © Shanghai SIMCom Wireless Solutions Ltd. 2011 SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 2 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Contents Contents.................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Version History ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 6 2 SIM08 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 SIM08 Key Features................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 SIM08 Functional Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Operating modes....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 GPS Performance ..................................................................................................................................... 7 3 Package Information ........................................................................................................................................ 8 3.1 Pin out Diagram........................................................................................................................................ 8 3.2 Pin Description ......................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Package Dimensions................................................................................................................................. 9 4 Application Interface...................................................................................................................................... 10 4.1 Power Supply.......................................................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Power on/down Scenarios ...................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.1 Power on SIM08 ................................................................................................................................. 10 4.2.2 Power down SIM08............................................................................................................................. 10 4.3 SPI Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................11 4.4 External Reset......................................................................................................................................... 12 4.5 VANT_OUT and VANT_IN.................................................................................................................. 12 4.6 Antenna Interface ................................................................................................................................... 12 4.6.1 Antenna Interface ................................................................................................................................ 12 4.6.2 GPS Antenna Choice Consideration ................................................................................................... 12 5 Interface between SIM08 and host-based navigation software .................................................................. 14 5.1 Host-based navigation software.............................................................................................................. 14 5.2 Typical system requirements of the host software.................................................................................. 14 6 Applications..................................................................................................................................................... 15 7 Electrical, Reliability and Radio Characteristics......................................................................................... 15 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings................................................................................................................... 15 7.2 Recommended Operating Conditions..................................................................................................... 15 7.3 Digital Interface Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 16 7.4 VANT_OUT Characteristics................................................................................................................... 16 7.5 Current Consumption (VBAT = 3.8V) ................................................................................................... 16 7.6 Electro-Static Discharge ......................................................................................................................... 16 8 Manufacturing ................................................................................................................................................ 17 8.1 Top and Bottom View of SIM08 ............................................................................................................ 17 8.2 Typical Solder Reflow Profile................................................................................................................ 18 8.3 Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL).......................................................................................................... 18 Appendix ................................................................................................................................................................ 19 A. Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................... 19 SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 3 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Table Index TABLE 1: GPS PERFORMANCE............................................................................................................................ 7 TABLE 2: PIN DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 9 TABLE 3: SPI TIMING ...........................................................................................................................................11 TABLE 4: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.................................................................................................... 15 TABLE 5: RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS ................................................................................ 15 TABLE 6: DIGITAL INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................... 16 TABLE 7: VANT_OUT CHARACTERISTICS...................................................................................................... 16 TABLE 8: CURRENT CONSUMPTION ............................................................................................................... 16 TABLE 9: THE ESD CHARACTERISTICS (TEMPERATURE: 25℃, HUMIDITY: 45 %)................................ 17 TABLE 9: RELATED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................................................... 19 Figure Index FIGURE 1: SIM08 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM ...................................................................................................... 7 FIGURE 2: SIM08 PIN OUT DIAGRAM (TOP VIEW).......................................................................................... 8 FIGURE 3: DIMENSIONS OF SIM08（UNIT: MM） .......................................................................................... 9 FIGURE 4: RECOMMENDED PCB FOOTPRINT OUTLINE（UNIT: MM） .................................................. 10 FIGURE 5: SPI SETUP AND HOLD TIMING .......................................................................................................11 FIGURE 6: RESET TIMING .................................................................................................................................. 12 FIGURE 7: ANTENNA MATCHING CIRCUIT .................................................................................................... 12 FIGURE 8: ARCHITECTURE OF USING SIM08 AND SIM900......................................................................... 15 FIGURE 9: TOP AND BOTTOM VIEW OF SIM08.............................................................................................. 17 FIGURE 10: TYPICAL SOLDER REFLOW PROFILE ........................................................................................ 18 SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 4 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Version History Date Version Description of change Author 2011-01-24 1.00 Origin LiGang SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 7 2011.01.24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 1 Introduction This document describes SIM08 hardware interface in great detail. This document can help user to quickly understand SIM08 interface specifications, electrical and mechanical details. With the help of this document and other SIM08 application notes, user guide, users can use SIM08 to design various applications quickly. 2 SIM08 Overview SIM08 is a high-performance L1 GPS solution for cellular handset applications. The solution offers best-in-class acquisition and tracking sensitivity, Time-To-First-Fix (TTFF) and accuracy. SIM08 supports both fully-autonomous operations for use in handheld consumer navigation devices and other standalone navigation systems. SIM08-hosted architecture shifts the non-real-time-critical navigation software to the host system’s microprocessor, minimizing system cost and PCB size. Host software drivers are available for the most popular operating systems for handsets and other portable devices. The highly integrated solution allows easy integration by providing connections for RF, clock inputs, host serial peripheral interface, and power. SIM08 is supported with full reference designs, demonstration systems, software development kits and application notes. 2.1 SIM08 Key Features SIM08 provides a complete GPS solution designed for ease of integration into host platforms. The key components are described below. z Best-in-class acquisition and tracking sensitivity, TTFF and accuracy -143 dBm acquisition, -160 dBm track z Advanced proprietary multipath algorithms for robust low-dropout tracking in indoor and very low signal environments z Hosted architecture optimized for cost and performance z Ultra-low power consumption: < 18mW in tracking mode z SPI host interface z Tiny size: 9.5 * 11.5 * 2.3mm z Temperature range -40°C to +85°C 2.2 SIM08 Functional Diagram The following figure shows a functional diagram of SIM08: SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 6 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision z z z z z The GPS baseband engine The GPS radio frequency part The antenna interface The power supply The other interfaces Figure 1: SIM08 functional diagram 2.3 Operating modes SIM08 has two operating modes which require and provide different levels of power and performance. These modes are controlled by the host software via PWR_CTL pin. Active mode: SIM08 is active as a GPS receiver. SIM08 will automatically acquire and track GPS satellites. Power down mode: SIM08 will be set into this mode when PWR_CTL pin pull down. In this mode the internal power supply will be shutdown, and the current consumption is very low. The last position, current time and ephemeris data are stored in the host MCU memory. 2.4 GPS Performance Table 1: GPS Performance Parameter Description SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 Performance Min Typ 7 Max Unit 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Horizontal Position Accuracy(a) Autonomous Velocity Accuracy(b) Time To First Fix(c) Sensitivity Receiver 2.5 m Speed - 0.01 - m/s Heading - 0.01 - ° Hot start - 5 - s Cold start - 30 - s Autonomous acquisition -143 dBm Tracking -160 dBm Channels 42 Update rate 1 Hz Altitude 18288 km Velocity 1850 km/h Tracking CA Code L1, Protocol support NMEA,OSP Power consumption (d) Continuous tracking 47 mA Power current 0.03 uA down (a) 50% 24hr static, -130dBm (b) 50% at 30m/s (c) GPS signal level: -130 dBm (d) Single Power supply 3.8V 3 3.1 Package Information Pin out Diagram GND 1 16 GND ANT 2 15 GND GND 3 14 SPI_DI VANT_IN 4 VANT_OUT 5 VBAT 6 11 SPI_CLK GND 7 10 NRESET PWR_CTL 8 SIM08 TOP VIEW 13 SPI_CS 12 SPI_DO 9 NC Figure 2: SIM08 pin out diagram (Top view) SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 8 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 3.2 Pin Description Table 2: Pin description Pin name Pin number I/O Description Comment VBAT 6 I Power supply 3.0V ~ 5.5V VANT_OUT 5 O 2.8V output for active antenna If it is unused, keep open. VANT_IN 4 I Active antenna power supply If it is unused, keep open. GND 1,3,7,15,16 PWR_CRL 8 I SIM08 Power on/off control，active high. SPI _CLK 11 I SPI clock input SPI_DO 12 O SPI data output SPI_DI 14 I SPI data input SPI_CS 13 I SPI chip select input NRESET 10 I Asynchronous reset, active low ANT 2 I Radio antenna connection Impendence must controlled to 50Ω. NC 9 - Not connect Keep open. 3.3 Ground Pulled down internally. be Package Dimensions Figure 3: Dimensions of SIM08（Unit: mm） SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 9 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Figure 4: Recommended PCB footprint outline（Unit: mm） Note: Do not place via in area A to avoid short circuit between the via on customer board and the test points on the bottom side of the module. 4 4.1 Application Interface Power Supply The power supply range of SIM08 is from 3.0V to 5.5V. The power supply should be able to provide sufficient current up to 100mA. 4.2 4.2.1 Power on/down Scenarios Power on SIM08 User can power on SIM08 by pulling up the PWR_CTL pin to high. This pin is already pulled down in the module internally. 4.2.2 Power down SIM08 User can power down SIM08 by pulling down the PWRKEY pin to low. SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 10 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 4.3 SPI Interfaces The SIM08 provides a full-duplex serial peripheral interface (SPI). The SPI interface can be used for interfacing an external microprocessor. The timing of SPI Interface is showing in following figure. Figure 5: SPI setup and hold timing Table 3: SPI Timing Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Clock input: pin SPI_CLK Tclk Clock period 200 - - ns tclk(H) Clock HIGH time 80 - - ns tclk(L) clock LOW time 80 - - ns Chip select input: pin SPI_CS tsu(CS) CS set-up time 0.5 * Tclk - 1 * Tclk ns tsu(clk) Clock set-up time 0.5 * Tclk - 1 * Tclk ns tCS(H) HIGH CS time 1 * Tclk - - ns tCS(L) LOW CS time 9 * Tclk - - ns - - 96 ns Serial data output: pin SPI_DO tsu(Q) Data output set-up time Serial data input: pin SPI_DI tsu(D) Data input set-up time 10 - - ns th(D) Data input hold time 55 - - ns SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 11 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 4.4 External Reset The external NRESET pin is used to reset the module. The reset timing is illustrated in the following figure. Figure 6: Reset timing 4.5 VANT_OUT and VANT_IN VANT_OUT is a 2.8V output for external active antenna, if the external active antenna works at 2.8V voltage supply domain, the user can tie the VANT_OUT and VANT_IN directly. If the antenna’s power is not 2.8V, the pin VANT_IN should be provided a proper voltage depending on the active antenna, and the pin VANT_OUT should be kept open. For passive antennas, both the pin VANT_OUT and the pin VANT_IN should be kept open. 4.6 Antenna Interface 4.6.1 Antenna Interface SIM08 provides a RF antenna interface. The customer’s antenna should be located in the customer’s main board and connect to module’s antenna pad through microstrip line or other type RF trace which impendence must be controlled in 50Ω. To facilitate the antenna tuning and certification test, a RF connector and an antenna matching circuit should be added. The following figure is the recommended circuit. Figure 7: Antenna matching circuit In this figure, the components R101, C101 and C102 is used for antenna matching, the components’ value only can be got after the antenna tuning. Usually, matching components’ value is provided by antenna vendor, the default value of R101 is 0Ω, and reserve the place of C101 and C102 without soldering. The traces in bold type should be treated as 50Ω impedance controlled line in PCB layout. 4.6.2 GPS Antenna Choice Consideration To obtain excellent GPS reception performance, a good antenna will always be required. The antenna is the most SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 12 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision critical item for successful GPS reception in a weak signal environment. Proper choice and placement of the antenna will ensure that satellites at all elevations can be seen, and therefore, accurate fix measurements are obtained. Most customers contract with antenna design houses to properly measure the radiation pattern of the final mounted configuration in a plastic housing with associated components near the antenna. Linear antennas are becoming more popular, and the gain is reasonable, since a smaller ground plane can be used. We can consider these factors as following: z Choose a linear antenna with a reasonably uniform hemispherical gain pattern of >-4dBi. z Use of an antenna with lower gain than this will give less than desirable results. Please note that a RHCP antenna with a gain of 3dBi, equates to a linear polarized antenna of 0dBi. z Proper ground plane sizing is a critical consideration for small GPS antennas. z Proper placement of the GPS antenna should always be the FIRST consideration in integrating the SIM18 GPS Module. If the customer’s design will allow for a ceramic RHCP patch antenna with an appropriately sized ground plane, and the patch is normally oriented towards the sky, then that particular solution usually works the best. Please note that if the patch antenna ground plane is less than 60x60mm, then compromises to the beam width and gain pattern could result. Usually the gain becomes very directional, and looses several dB of performance. Since results can vary, measuring the antenna radiation pattern in the final housing in an appropriate anechoic chamber will be required. Some customers do not have the size availability to implement a patch antenna approach. In that instance, use of a Linear Polarized (LP) antenna is the next best alternative. There are new ceramic LP antennas on the market that exhibit reasonable gain characteristics once properly mounted in the housing, and when matched to an appropriate sized ground. Generally the ground plane requirements are smaller for a LP antenna when compared to a patch, but once again, proper testing in an anechoic chamber is a mandatory requirement. These ceramic elements will need to be located near the end of the ground plane, and will require several mm of clearance between the closest component. It is important to note that use of a LP antenna will result in a minimum of 3dB of gain loss when compared to a RHCP antenna at a defined elevation. This is due to the right hand gain rule of antenna propagation. Use of PIFA antenna is another LP possibility, but the PIFA usually exhibits a considerable amount of gain nulls, or “holes” in the radiation pattern. This will be undesirable for obtaining a low circular error probability (CEP), since the antenna may not allow the receiver to capture the desired satellite at the ideal orientation due to these noted gain nulls. Once again, careful testing in an appropriate anechoic chamber is required. If the customer’s design is for automotive applications, then an active antenna can be used and located on top of the car in order for guarantee the best signal quality. GPS antenna choice should base on the designing product and other conditions. For detailed Antenna designing consideration, please refer to related antenna vendor’s design recommendation. The antenna vendor will offer further technical support and tune their antenna characteristic to achieve successful GPS reception performance depending on the customer’s design. SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 13 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 5 Interface between SIM08 and host-based navigation software This interface is using a slave SPI interface. The max data rate that can be supported is 400kbps; however the physical layer can run at 3Mbps. The host-based navigation software sends requests for when the next raw satellite measurements are required, and also provides satellite acquisition aiding data and channel/satellite reset commands. The SIM08 responds by sending raw satellite measurements to the host-based navigation software at the requested time, and also provides the parity-checked raw subframes of the satellite navigation messages (when available). 5.1 Host-based navigation software The host-based navigation software will run on a range of processors, notably ARM, and a variety of high-level and real-time operating systems. The purpose of this software is to provide the user application with GPS position information. To do this the GPS navigation software interfaces with the host microprocessor software, the operating system and SIM08. The host-based navigation software performs the following functions: z z z z z z z 5.2 Interface to SIM08 API interface to host software Satellite navigation message data decode and state table generation Satellite measurement generate (pseudo range, Doppler, etc.) Navigation Kalman filter task: calculates position, velocity, time, frequency Satellite pre-positioning: predicts where to search for a satellite Navigation output generation, including NMEA 0183 stream Typical system requirements of the host software The typical system requirements of the host software are: z z z z Memory requirement: – ROM or flash 100 kB to 300 kB, OS dependent – RAM - up to 100 kB, OS dependent Microprocessor requirement: – Acquisition or tracking mode requires 5 MIPS (32-bit ARM MIPS) on the host microprocessor Basic OS functions required: – Memory allocation/de-allocation – Basic input/output – System timers – Thread management Floating-point libraries available for: – IEEE 8-byte double precision – IEEE 4-byte floats single precision SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 14 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 6 Applications SIMCom provides a typical application that uses SIM08 and SIM900. SIM08 provides a complete GPS solution designed integration into host platforms SIM900. SIM08 provides the baseband signal processing for the GPS receiver (IF down-conversion, correlation and integration). SIM08 includes an embedded DSP whose firmware controls the GPS acquisition and tracking. The DSP firmware is a ROM within the SIM08 that does not require support from any external device. Higher-level software running on a separate host (SIM900) calculates navigation solutions (the host-based navigation software). Following figure shows the architecture. Power supply GPS antenna Serial port PWR_CTL NRESET SIM900 SIM08 SPI Debug port Figure 8: Architecture of using SIM08 and SIM900 Serial port is used for sending SIM08 function command set for active, power down, cold start, warm start, hot start, etc. For details about the command set, refer to document [1]. The serial port is configured as 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit and autobauding. The GPS NMEA message is output from Debug port. The debug port is configured as 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit and 115200bps. SIMCom can supply an evaluation board (EVB) to help users on the application of SIM08. 7 7.1 Electrical, Reliability and Radio Characteristics Absolute Maximum Ratings The absolute maximum ratings stated in following table are stress ratings under non-operating conditions. Stresses beyond any of these limits will cause permanent damage to SIM08. Table 4: Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit VBAT Power supply voltage - - 6.0 V VIO Input voltage -0.2 - 3.0 V 7.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Table 5: Recommended operating conditions SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 15 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit VBAT Power supply voltage 3.0 4.0 5.5 V TOPER Operating temperature -40 +25 +85 ℃ TSTG Storage temperature -45 +90 ℃ 7.3 Digital Interface Characteristics Table 6: Digital interface characteristics Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit IIH High-level input current -10 - 10 uA IIL Low-level input current -10 - 10 uA VIH High-level input voltage 2.4 - - V VIL Low-level input voltage - - 0.4 V VOH High-level output voltage 2.7 - - V VOL Low-level output voltage - - 0.1 V 7.4 VANT_OUT Characteristics Table 7: VANT_OUT characteristics Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit VO Output voltage - 2.80 - V IO Output current - - 10 mA 7.5 Current Consumption (VBAT = 3.8V) Table 8: Current consumption Conditions Receive Power (dB-Hz) MIN/MAX POWER(dBm) Current Unit Power down 0 0 0.03 uA - -130dBm 48 mA - -140dBm 47 mA 44 -130dBm 47 mA 34 -140dBm 47 mA 23 -150dBm 46 mA 16 -160dBm 47 mA acquisition Tracking 7.6 Electro-Static Discharge SIM08 is an ESD sensitive component, so more attention should be paid to the procedure of handling and packaging. The ESD test results are shown in the following table. SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 16 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Table 9: The ESD characteristics (Temperature: 25℃, Humidity: 45 %) Pin Contact discharge Air discharge VBAT ±5KV ±10KV ANT ±4KV ±8KV GND ±5KV ±10KV VANT_IN ±4KV ±8KV VANT_OUT ±4KV ±8KV PWR_CTL ±4KV ±8KV SPI_DI +4K, -1KV ±8KV SPI_CS ±4KV ±8KV SPI_DO +4K, -1KV ±8KV SPI_CLK +4K, -2KV ±8KV NRESET +4K ±8KV 8 8.1 Manufacturing Top and Bottom View of SIM08 Figure 9: Top and bottom view of SIM08 These test points are only used for module manufacturing and testing. They are not for customer using. SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 17 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision 8.2 Typical Solder Reflow Profile Figure 10: Typical Solder Reflow Profile For details about secondary SMT, please refer to document [2]. 8.3 Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) SIM08 is qualified to MSL3 in accordance with IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033. SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 18 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Appendix A. Related Documents Table 10: Related documents SN Document name Remark [1] SIM08-EVB_UGD SIM08 EVB user guide [2] Module secondary-SMT-UGD Module secondary SMT User Guide SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 19 2011-01-24 Smart Machine Smart Decision Contact us: Shanghai SIMCom Wireless Solutions Ltd. Add: SIM Technology Building,No.633,Jinzhong Road,Changning District,Shanghai P.R. China 200335 Tel: +86 21 3235 3300 Fax: +86 21 3235 3301 URL: www.sim.com/wm SIM08_Hardware Design_V1.00 20 2011-01-24