Telecommunikation Satellites: The Actual Situation

Transcript

Telecommunikation Satellites: The Actual Situation and Potential Future Developments Dr. Manfred Wittig Head of Multimedia Systems Section D-APP/TSM ESTEC NL 2200 AG Noordwijk [email protected] March 2003 Commercial Satellite Contracts 25 20 15 Europe US 10 5 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 European Average US Average 2000 2001 2002 5 Satellites/Year 18 Satellites/Year 2003 Estimation of cumulative value chain for the Global commercial market 1998-2007 in BEuro 35 27 100% 135 90% 80% 225 Spacecraft Manufacturing 70% Launch 60% Operations Ground Segment 50% Services 40% 365 30% 20% 10% 0% 1 Consolidated Turnover of European Industry Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders 2000 30 2001 25 2002 3 (7) Firm Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2002 Manufacturer Customer Satellite Astrium Hispasat SA (Spain) Amazonas Boeing Thuraya Satellite Telecommunications Co (U.A.E.) Thuraya 3 Orbital Science PT Telekommunikasi Indonesia Telkom-2 Hangar Queens or White Tails Orders in 2002 for Bargain Prices of already contracted Satellites Manufacturer Customer Satellite Alcatel Space New Indian Operator (India) Agrani Alcatel Space Eutelsat (France) W5 (1998 completed) Astrium Hellas-Sat Consortium Ltd. (Greece-Cyprus) Hellas Sat Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2003 Manufacturer Customer Satellite Astrium Telesat (Canada) Anik F1R 4.2.2003 Planned Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2003 SES GLOBAL Three RFQ’s: SES Americom ASTRA 1L ASTRA 1K cancelled four orders with Alcatel Space in 2001 INTELSAT Launched five satellites in the last 13 month average fleet age: 11 Years of remaining life PanAmSat No orders expected Concentration on cash flow generation Eutelsat HB 7A HB 8 Telesat expected at the end of 2003 Ordered Anik F1R from Astrium Planned Commercial Telecom Satellite Orders in 2003 Arabsat & Shin Satellite are expected to replace Spacebus 300 (solar-array steering problems) Korea Telecom Negotiation with Alcatel Space for Koreasat Binariang Sat. System Negotiation with Boeing for BSS 376 and BSS 601 Satellite Manufacturers are freesing plant expansion and reduce staff to survive Commercial Fixed Satellite Service Operators SES Global No sales figures available before end of March Staff reduction in Luxembourg and Princeton 300 Staff of SES Astra reduced by 7-10 % SES expects flat sales for 2003 RFQ for three new Sat’s issued Intelsat $ 1.1 billion sales in 2001 $ 992 million sales in 2002 2003 considered difficult as well = 9.8 % sales decline Point-to-point customers migrate to fiber optic cables Modest investment in WildBlue Plans broadband offering in 2004 PanAmSat $ 870.1 million sales in 2001 $ 812.3 million sales in 2002 cancelled one spacecraft order with Boeing Commercial Fixed Satellite Service Operators Eutelsat Euro 659 million sales in 2002 Sales forecast for 2003 is 7 % better than 2002 Launched two Satellites in 2002: HB 6 HB 7 Arianne 5 Launch Failure New Skies $ 200.5 million sales in 2002 Sales forecast for 2003 is 6-11 % better than 2002 Operates a fleet of six Satellites Two launches in 2002 Delivery of NSS 8 delayed from 2003 to 2005 Boeing is late & will replace NSS 703 which saves $ 250 million Global Launch Capabilities 66 Launches per Year 2002 Commercial Launch Deals Arianespace: 9 Contracts AMC-13,-15 Atlantic Bird 1 DirecTV 7S iPSTAR-1 Satmex 6 Spainsat Star One C1 Telkom-2 SES Americom Eutelsat DirecTV Inc. Shin Satellite Public Co. Ltd. Satellites Mexicanos SA Hispasat Star One SA PT Telkomunikasi Indonesia Boeing Launch Services: 2 Contracts Inteldat 10-series Intelsat Thuraya-3 Thuraya International Launch Services (ILS): 5 Contracts AMC-10,-11 SES Americom Hellas-Sat Hellas-Sat Intelsat 10 series Intelsat MBSat Mobile Broadcasting Corp. Previous Years Commercial Launches Arianespace: 2002 2001 2000 9 15 27 Boeing Launch Services: 2002 2001 2000 2 5 4 International Launch Services (ILS): 2002 5 2001 10 The Way Forward Profit margin of satellite manufacturers have disappeard New technologies can be introduced in two years Manufacturers will face a heavy burden to demonstrate that new technology is reliable Operators are not willing to pay for new technologies, they can do a lot with existing technology Consolidation of Operators is a way to survive in the short term Introduction of new services – diversification - is a way to achieve growing business Predicted Payloads 2001 Payload Unis 100 80 60 40 20 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year Broadband Mobile Broadcast DBS DAB Payload Unis Predicted Payloads 2000 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Broadband Mobile Broadcast DBS Payload Unis Predicted Payloads 2001 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Broadcast DBS DAB 2009 2010 TV Broadcast -Today TRANSPARENT SATELLITE DVB compatible High rate link DVB compatible High rate link broadcasting centre #1 broadcasting centre #2 MASTER STATION broadcasting centre #3 Home Receivers broadcasting centre #N Contribution Links DVB-S MULTIPLEXING DVB SKYPLEX VIDEO 1 PES VIDEO 1 PES AUDIO 1 PES AUDIO 1 PES DATA 1 PES DATA 1 PES SINGLE CH. TRANSPORT MUX VIDEO 2 PES VIDEO 2 PES AUDIO 2 PES AUDIO 2 PES DATA 2 PES DATA 2 PES SINGLE CH. TRANSPORT MUX VIDEO 3 PES VIDEO 3 PES AUDIO 3 PES AUDIO 3 PES DATA 3 PES DATA 3 PES DATA N PES VIDEO N PES AUDIO N PES DATA N PES SINGLE CH. TRANSPORT MUX O N- G R O U N D PACKET MULTIPLEXER AUDIO N PES TRANSPORT MULTIPLEXER VIDEO N PES SINGLE CH. TRANSPORT MUX O N- B O A R D D V B -S using Skyplex SKYPLEX PROCESSOR High rate link low rate DVB compatible links broadcasting centre #1 broadcasting centre #3 broadcasting centre #2 broadcasting centre #N Home Receivers SKYPLEX Architecture SKYPLEX Frequency Plan l e n n e l e l l e n n BW = 33 MHz n BW = 33 MHz BW = 33 MHz n n a a a h h h h C C C C a n Digital Multi- p r o g r a m m e T V Digital Multi- p r o g r a m m e T V SKYPLEX SKYPLEX Signal Processing SKYPLEX History One Skyplex processor developed under ESA contract is in-orbit at Eutelsat's Hot Bird 4 satellite launched in February 1998. Three second generation processors ordered from Alenia Aerospazio (I) by Eutelsat for the Hot Bird 5 satellite, launched in October 1998. ESA developement contract for an Enhanced Skyplex with Alenia Aerospazio (I) and SPAR (Cd) Eigth second generation processors are ordered from Alenia Aerospazio (I) by Eutelsat for the Hot Bird 6 satellite, launched in August 2002. SKYPLEX HB 4 Block Diagram To Satellite Payload Interface Phase Demodulator AGC Saw f1 A/D DPD I I n t e r p. Matched Decision Filter Q Phase AGC I Saw f2 A/D DPD Buffer M Timing U Demodulator Matched I n t e r p. Decision Filter Q Buffer Processor Controller L Timing T Phase AGC I Saw f3 A/D DPD I n t e r p. Q 14 Demodulator Matched Decision Filter Buffer I Timing P IMUX GHz Phase AGC Demodulator Conv . Conv . Interl. Encoder D/A 14 QPSK GHz Mod I Saw f4 A/D DPD Matched I n t e r p. Decision Filter Q Buffer L Timing E Phase Demodulator AGC I Saw f5 A/D DPD Matched I n t e r p. Q Decision Filter Buffer X Timing E Phase AGC I Saw f6 A/D DPD I n t e r p. Mult. Matched Decision Filter Q Demodulator Buffer R Timing Mult. Mult. Master Clock Mult. Mult. SKYPLEX HB 4 PCB SKYPLEX Uplink Station VIDEO INPUT PES SOURCE ENCODER AUDIO INPUT SOURCE PES RS SCRAMBLER ENCODER QPSK (204,188) MOD RF FRONT -E N D DATA INPUT SOURCE PES CLK ENCODER CONTROL UNIT SINGLE CHANNEL TRANSPORT MUX MASTER CLOCK CLOCK DRIVE DVB RECEIVER TO TV MONITOR SKYPLEX System Elements Hot Bird 5 SKYPLEX Performance SCPC Uplink Rate: TDMA Uplink Rate: 2.292 Mbps, 6.111 Mbps, 6.875 Mbps, 7.333 Mbps From 382 Kbps to 7.333 Mbps Number of TDMA Uplinks: Up to 6 Demodulator Performance: < BER 10^-5 for Eb/No = 10.6 dB Frequency: 12.51984/12.53902/12.55820 GHz Mass: 7 Kg Power Consumption: 50 W Hot Bird 5 SKYPLEX Configuration 2 2 1 IN1 (F1) 4 1 3 2 SKYPLEX 2 Filter (F2) 1 F2 (F3) 4 3 2 1 RF OUT2 2 4 3 IN3 (F3) Filter (F1) 4 F1 (F2) 3 IN2 (F2) SKYPLEX 1 RF OUT1 1 2 4 RF OUT3 1 SKYPLEX 3 3 F3 (F1) 4 3 Filter (F3) Hot Bird 5 Coverage Receive Transmit Hot Bird 6 SKYPLEX Configuration 2 2 1 IN1 (F1) 4 1 4 RF OUT2 2 4 SKYPLEX 2 Filter (F2) 1 F2 (F3) 4 3 2 1 Filter (F1) 3 2 3 IN3 (F3) RF OUT1 1 F1 (F2) 3 IN2 (F2) SKYPLEX 1 2 4 RF OUT3 1 SKYPLEX 3 IN4 (F4) 4 F3 (F1) 3 3 2 1 2 4 RF OUT4 1 SKYPLEX 4 3 Filter (F3) F3 (F1) 4 3 Filter (F4) HB 6 Launch 21 August 2002 ATLAS V Cap Canaveral Hot Bird 6 Coverage Receive Transmit Enhanced SKYPLEX Performance SCPC Uplink Rate: TDMA Uplink Rate: 2.292 Mbps, 6.111 Mbps, 6.875 Mbps, 7.333 Mbps From 382 Kbps to 7.333 Mbps Number of TDMA Uplinks: Up to 6 Demodulator Performance: < BER 10^-5 for Eb/No = 10.6 dB Frequency: 12.51984/12.53902/12.55820 GHz Turbo Decoding Mass: 5 Kg Power Consumption: 40 W Enhanced SKYPLEX: Processing Overview DIG. DEM. 1 PACK. SYNC. & BUFF. PACK. SYNC. & RF IN DOWN CONV. 1 BUFF. DIG. 2 MODIFIED SCRAMBLER DEMUX & R -S P A R I T Y MUX PACK. DIG. DEM. 6 18 SYNC. & BUFF. REFER. OSCILL. SCRAMBLER INTERL. CONV. QPSK MOD ENCOD. & UPCONV. RF OUT Skyplex Turbo Decoder Star Network with a Transparent Payload and Hub Station AMERHIS Reference Model: Mesh Network with a Regenerative Payload (no Hub Station) AMERHIS Mission S I T : Satellite Interactive T e r m i n a l NCC Gateway SIT SIT Gateway SIT America Europe Earth seen by AMAZONAS AMERHIS SYSTEM OBP NORTH AMERICAN COVERAGE BRAZILIAN COVERAGE SOUTH AMERICAN COVERAGE EUROPEAN COVERAGE AMERHIS Connectivity Uplink Format: MF-TDMA according to DVB-RCS standard (MPEG-2 option) Granularity: up 64 carriers per transponder (0,5Mbps each) Available Data rates: 0.5, 1, 2, 4 & 8 Mbps , combinable in the same transponder 1R1 1R2 1R3 1R4 1R5 1R6 1R7 1R8 36 MHz 1R9 1 R 1 0 1 R 1 11 R 1 2 1 R 1 31 R 1 4 1 R 1 5 1 R 1 6 2R25 2R26 2R27 2R28 2R29 2R30 2R31 8R7 8R8 2R32 1 R 6 5 1 R 6 6 1 R 6 7 1 R 6 8 1 R 6 9 1 R 7 01 R 7 1 1 R 7 2 2R33 4R13 4R14 4R15 4R16 2R34 2R35 4R17 16R4 8R9 Coding Scheme: Turbo Code with 3/4 or 4/5 ratio Downlink Format: according to DVB-S standard Data rate: 54Mbps (per transponder) FEC: Convolutionalcoding with1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 or 7/8 ratio On-Board Operability Interconnectivity: full routing flexibility between input/output transponders Capacity Management: Two modes of operation possible - Quasi-static throughtelecommand channel (via TTC station) - Dynamic through communication channel (via NCC) B u d g e t s (4 transponders) Total Processed Capacity: 216 Mbps Power Consumption: 156.5 W Mass: 28.5 Kg 2R36 4R18 AMERHIS Architecture DVB-RCS DVB-S SPACE SEGMENT Return signaling Broadcast & Return signaling Return channel & signaling Return channel & Forward signaling TC TM Forward signaling Broadcast & Forward signaling Satellite Control Center Service Provider/Gateway Network Control Center User Broadcast Signal Gen RCST RCST TERMINAL SEGMENT The complete AMERHIS System is divided in two segments: Space Segment: O B P : D o w n C o n v e r t e r s ( D O C O N ) , B a s e- B a n d P r o c e s s o r ( B B P ) a n d K u M o d u l a t o r s . Ground Segment: M a n a g e m e n t S t a t i o n ( N C C , N C C- R C S T , N M S ) . Gateway. Different types of Return Channel Satellite Terminals (RCST). Satellite Operation Network Operation CONTROL SEGMENT RCST AMERHIS Payload The heart of the system will consist of 4 fully interconnected channels (33MHz each) that will be inserted in the AMAZONAS Ku Band Transparent architecture. T h e O n- B o a r d P r o c e s s e d ( O B P ) p a y l o a d w i l l b e b y - p a s s a b l e o n a c h a n n e l - by - c h a n n e l b a s i s . O N - Board Hardware (left to right): BBP, Ku MOD and DOCON AMERHIS Payload Footprint On A m a z o n a s Y- Wall ANIK F2 Artist's rendering shows Anik F2, the tenth Hughes 702 satellite to be ordered since the model was introduced in 1995. Anik F2 is the second Hughes 702 to be built for Telesat Canada. The satellite will have 14 kilowatts o f p a y l o a d p o w e r a t e n d o f l i fe , a n d c a r r y 108 active transponders, 52 in Ka-band, 3 2 i n K u - b a n d a n d 2 4 C- b a n d . T h e s a t e l l i t e will provide fixed satellite services to North America, including Internet access and multimedia services, from its orbital position of 111.1 degrees West longitude. Hughes Space and Communications Company is scheduled to ship Anik F2 for launch in late 2002. SPACEMUX ANIK F2 SpaceMux ANIK F2 Beam*Link Functional Block Diagram ANIK F2 Beam*Link Channel Allocation ANIK F2 Beam*Link Processor Mechanical Assembly ANIK F2 Beam*Link Processor Flight Model ANIK F2 Beam*Link Performance S p a c e m u x System Mesh Network Architecture S p a c e m u x Block Diagram ANIK F1 Launched on 21 November 2000 by an ARIANNE 44L ANIK F1R Telesat Canada has selected Europe’s Astrium to supply a replacement for its defective Anik F1 satellite, which is based on the troubled 702 platform built by Boeing Satellite Systems. Telesat’s announcement is the first new commercial satellite order announced in 2003, a year in which satellite manufacturers are hoping for at least a modest rebound from the dismal results of 2002, one of the worst years ever for the commercial satellite industry. The contract, announced Feb. 4, also reflects a shift for Ottawa-based Telesat, which has purchased a number of satellites over the past few years from U. S. suppliers including Boeing of El Segundo, Calif., and Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems, Newtown, Pa. Anik F2 is one of several Boeing’s 702 satellites already in orbit t hat are afflicted with a solar panel malady that is expected to shorten each spacecraft’s lifetime. Boeing has determined the cause of the problem and newer 702 spacecraft will not be affected, according to the satellite manufacturer’s president, Randy Brinkley. Telesat’s new satellite, dubbed Anik F1R, will carry 24 C-band and 32 Ku-band transponders and is expected to be launched in 2005. The satellite is based on Astrium’s Eurostar E3000 platform, and it will include a substantial amount of equipment from Canadian suppliers, according to a Feb. 4 Telesat statement. Anik F1 was launched in late 2000 to an orbital slot at 107.3 degrees west longitude, where it serves users in North and South America. ANIK F3 • Anik F3 primary aim is coverage of Anik F2 in Ka Band • Anik F2 will introduce DVB-RCS services to Canadians in the Ka Band • Anik F2 piggy back payload has limited networking capabilities • The West program has taken the Anik F2 concept to the next step • Industry needs a mechanism to demonstrate the West concept in a flight mission • European primes are in a good position for Anik F 3 • Anik F3 could host a demonstration • This could tie in with the later launch of an operational Canadia n SecureSat based on proven DVB-RCS technology • Anik F3 could be the Canadian Payload of a joint Canadian/ESA GEO Cluster networking demonstration Potential Multimedia Flight Missions Operator SES-ASTRA EUTELSAT System Name NGS KaSaT System Type Transparent Ka-Band With OBP and Ground Segment Satellite And Ground Segment Air I/F UL: DVB-RCS like DL: DVB-S UL: DVB-RCS -M P E G DL : DVB-S Capacity 6000 M Hz 10 % of 8 beams Mesh 0.5-1 Gbps Connectivity Mesh Mesh plus Transparent Bypass Schedule 2005 in orbit 32-36 month Potential Supplier Astrium, Alcatel, Alenia Alenia, Astrium, Alcatel Status Specification Prepared RFI issued August 2001 Three offers received and evaluated MoU with Alenia Telesat ANIK F3 Piggyback Payload and Ground Segment 2006 in orbit Cost * Estimated Decision expected end 2003 Astrium, EMS, Alcatel, Alenia SATMODE Objective: To replace LNB by i L N B for 50 € For iTV Application SATELLITE I5 I4 I1 Interactiv e STB ADD ON BOX RC HUB I3 I2 T V VC R ILN B I6 BROADCAST ER SATMODE Competitors Interactive television by satellite competes with the following existing terrestrial channels: 56K modem, GSM, GPRS, xDSL and ISDN and cable modem. From the consumer point of view, i T V over satellite has the following advantages : Ease to install (wiring the set-top box to the PSTN, sometimes distant, can be an issue) The PSTN line remains available ITV over satellite provides an « always -on » solution No PSTN link is needed (in reference to the general trend to keep only GSM service and to stop fixed telephone services) From the broadcaster and Service Provider point of view : Additional revenue from new services Piracy control Audience metering and statistics Increase of forward bandwidth SATMODE Transponder Capacity Requirements Datarate : 4 KSymbols/s 9000 Connections/36 MHz Transponder Slotted ALOHA 3000 Simultaneous Connections Multiplexing Factor 100 300,000 Subscribers/Transponder 10 Transponder 3,000,000 Subscriber SATMODE Specification G/T EIRP Antenna diameter NF P OUT (SAT) Rx -I F DCpower IODU (Ka/K u) 14 -16 dB/K 22 - 2 8 d B W 60 -7 5 c m < 1.2 dB 20 m W Typical L-b a n d 14 -2 8 V 2 W ILNB (Ka/K u) - - - < 1.2 dB 20 m W Typical L-b a n d 14 -2 8 V 2 W ITRM (Ka) - 22 d B W Typical 30 -4 0 c m - - - 14 -2 8 V 2 W SATMODE Link Budget 6 dBW per Carrier and 9000 Carrier = 45 d B W S A T E I R P SATMODE ODU Configurations SATMODE IDU Configurations ADD ON BOX (FPGA VERSION) Programmable transport IC TS d e m u x DVB Tuner demodulator IC IC 27MHz VCXO Processor core TDMA scheduler I Q quadrature / waveform generator mixer + PLL synthesizer FPGA Data + M&C From STB RS232 PHY Power supply From STB or mains PS L band + PS control + DisecQ From STB TX + RX + PS triplexer +DisecQ SATMODE Hub SATMODE CONTOUR return BROADCASTER DATA CENTRE traffic LAN,WAN, PSTN… BURST Ka DEMODULATOR BANK BAND LNB LAN return traffic NETWORK LAN MONITORING & HUB LOGGING MANAGEMENT UNIT LAN AND CONTROL ASI CENTRE SCHEDULER BROADCAST FREQUENCY AND TIME Ku SUBSYSTEM BAND 10MHz, 1pps TWTA & NTP CONTENT ASI Forward Contribution signalling distribution network, LAN, WAN, PSTN… D V B- MODULATOR MUX link, MPEG ASI Ku BAND BLOCK ASI NCR INSERTER UPCONVERTER ASI SATMODE Target Prices · · · · · Retail prices for different c o m p o n e n t s : Hub: 3 M€ A d d- on: 80 € iLNB only: 30 € iLNB + antenna: 60 € iTransmitter : 50 €