Transcript
Amendment No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Incorp. By
Date
FIT
27.05.05
Page(S) Version 21
A
Change Note ( EM)
The information in this book has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate. However, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. JOTRON electronics a.s reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or modules described herein to improve reliability, function or design. JOTRON electronic a.s does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of the described product.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
CAUTION!
This equipment contains CMOS integrated circuits. Observe handling precautions to avoid static discharges which may damage these devices.
LIST OF CONTENTS 1.
INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 5
1.1 1.2
GENERAL ......................................................................... 5 FEATURES ....................................................................... 7
2.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ................................ 8
3.
INSTALLATION ................................................................... 10
3.1
POWERED BY BATTERY: ................................................. 10
3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3
Directly mounted on battery: ....................................... 10 Using Lifeboat bracket, 92424:.................................... 10 Using Outside Lifeboat bracket, 93494: ...................... 11 3.2 POWERED BY EXTERNAL POWER SOURCE (12 V) ..... 12 3.2.1 Mounted on mounting flange, w/ 7m cable, 92936 .... 14 3.2.2 Mounted on bracket with 1”x14 thread, 81836 ........... 15 4.
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS .......................................... 16
4.1 BATTERY POWERED .............................................................. 16 4.1.1 Activating the Tron ARR .............................................. 16 4.1.2 Deactivating the Tron ARR .......................................... 16 4.2 POWER BY EXTERNAL 12V SOURCE ....................................... 16 4.2.1 Activating the Tron ARR .............................................. 16 4.2.2 Deactivating the Tron ARR .......................................... 16 4.3 TESTING THE TRON ARR ...................................................... 17 5.
MAINTENANCE ................................................................... 19
5.1 5.2 6.
MAINTENANCE :.................................................................... 19 BATTERY REPLACEMENT (IF EQUIPPED) ................................ 19 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ....................................... 20
6.1 6.2
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS........................................ 20 MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS ..................................... 21
6.2.1
Layout of bracket 92936 ............................................. 21
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
GENERAL
Tron ARR consists of : 1. Tron ARR Main unit (97496) 2. Operators Manual (92875) 3. (Option) Mounting flange (92936) 4. (Option) Bracket, for 1”x14 std mount (81836)
97496 mounted on bracket 81836
5. (Option) Universal bracket 1”x14 for wall and mast mounting (81977) 97946
mounted 81836 +81977
on
6. (Option) 1 meter suspension cord w/ hook (98796). 7. (Option) Battery, 4 year maintenance kit (96978). The battery can either be connected directly to the Tron ARR or through a cable using the mounting flange as shown on the piture to the right. 8. (Option) Bracket, 92422, Bracket for Tron ARR if mounted ontop of the battery ( see left picture) Tron ARR mounted with battery and flange 92936
mounting
The JOTRON 9 GHz radar transponder type Tron ARR is an active radar transponder that extends the range the boat or object can be seen on a radar. It can also give an indication to the user that there is radar activity in the area, and sends out one pulse to indicate the transponders position on the radar display. The operating range of the Tron ARR is up to 30 nautical miles, depending on the height of the electronic unit and the radar height of the vessel carrying the radar. With a radar height of 20m and the Tron ARR placed at 1m a.s.l.(above sea level) the range will be up to 10 nautical miles. Tron ARR is buoyant if connected to the battery directly, however to obtain maximum performance the transponder should be placed in a vertical position and as high up as possible in order to achieve maximum coverage. Several mounting brackets and mounting aids are developed to ease a correct mounting and use of the radar transponder. When the Tron ARR is interrogated (hit) by a radar signal, it will immediately start to transmit a sweep covering the complete maritime 3 cm radar band. This sweep is detected on the radar screen and can be used to find the distance and bearing to the Tron ARR. In addition, the Tron ARR will give an audible signal that tells the operator that there is radar activity in the area (Only if mounted directly ontop of the Battery, 96978). It is therefore perfect for small vessels sailing in open sea as an early warning for ships in the area. Maximum distance to a ship will normally be about 10 nm and approximately 30 nm to a helicopter, dependent on the helicopters altitude. The transponder will not give any signals when located further away than this. The batteries of the Tron ARR will last at least 96 hours in standby after activation and then minimum 8 hours of continuous operation (continuously interrogated).
1.2
FEATURES
• Watertight: Tron ARR is watertight to a depth of minimum 1 meter. • Buoyant: Tron ARR is buoyant in case the transponder is accidentally dropped into the water (Only if mounted directly ontop of the Battery, 96978. To increase coverage the Tron ARR should always be held or mounted as high as possible. • Rugged design: The TronARR is resistant to seawater, oil and sunlight. • Handling: The Tron ARR is made for easy operation, with a brief operating instruction printed on the unit. • It comes standard with a mounting bracket. Indicators: The Tron ARR battery unit are equipped with a LED and a built in speaker to show operation of the ARR(Only if connected to the Battery, 96978). An external LED or buzzer may be used if not connected to the battery, but long power cables may interfere and give false alerts.The LED will normally flash with a frequency of 1 per second to show that the ARR is activated. When a vessel with an active radar is approaching, the internal speaker will sound each time the ARR is hit by the radar. A continuos sound in the loudspeaker means that the ship or helicopter is close to the ARR and the radar is hitting the ARR continuously.
• Battery unit.(If equipped) The battery unit consists of the complete lower half of the Tron ARR, and must be replaced when battery expiration date is due. A new battery comes complete with switch and indicators and are easily replaced by connecting the new battery to the cable running from the ARR unit.
2.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
The Tron ARR is a X-band radartransponder which returns 2 sweeps (1 return and 1 forward) covering the X-band when hit by a radar pulse. The transmission characteristics of the ARR is as follows (after a radar pulse is detected) • First an initial delay of maximum 0.5 µs. • return sweep over a period of 0.4 (+/- 0.1) µs sweeping from 9.2 to 9.5 GHz. • forward sweep over a period of 7.5 (+/- 1) µs sweeping from 9.5 to 9.2 GHz. The delay compared to a passive target will vary, depending on the frequency of the radar. Close to the transponder (<500-600 metres) the return sweep will be visible on the radar screen, the maximum delay on this distance will therefore be 1 µs, hovever the pulse from the transponder will be stretched in direction and will appear as one or two rings or part of rings on the display. On a larger distance the return sweep will not be visible but the forward sweep will be. The maximum (worst case) delay will be 0.5 + 0.5 + 7.5 = 8 µs.
8
The radar pulse travels with a speed of 3*10 m/s. On a radar screen 1 µs delay gives an error of 150 m because the signal travels both ways (to and from the target). The maximum distance offset on a radar screen will be appear when the radar operates in the lower part of the X-band, 9.2 GHz, and will be (0.5+0.5+7.5)*150 = 1275 metres (0.7 nm). The minimum distance offset on a radar screen will be when the radar operates at 9.5 GHz. (0.5+0.5)*150 = 150 metres (0.1 nm). The sweep is linear, i.e. in the centre of the band, 9.35 GHz the offset will be: (0.5+0.5+3.75)*150 = 712 metres (0.4 nm). Because the frequency of the radar is fixed and the sweep characteristics of the transponder is fixed, the delay will not vary more than the drift caused by temperature in both units. Therefore, the distance offset on a particular radar can be found by experiments and taken into consideration when calculating the distance to the transponder. The direction to the transponder will be accurate within the horizontal beamwidth of the radar antenna.
3.
Installation
Tron Arr can be installed in several different ways dependent of what kind of boat it shall be installed on. As a general rule, the transponder should be mounted as high as possible to increase line of sight to the search and rescue units. Metal objects close to the transponder should be avoided, these will limit the performance in the directions they are located. There are however, two main different installation instruction dependent if the Tron ARR is powered by a directly connected battery, 96978 or if powered by external 12V power supply.
3.1
Powered by battery: 3.1.1 Directly mounted on battery: If Tron ARR is powered by battery 96978, it can be mounted either with the standard bracket shown here, 92422. This bracket is made of anodised aluminium, with a rubber sleeve locking the Tron ARR to the bracket. This bracket should be mounted high on the boat, but it must be possible to activate it even in high seas.
3.1.2 Using bracket, 92424:
Lifeboat
If Tron ARR is mounted with the Lifeboat Bracket, the Tron ARR can be mounted higher than the above method. This bracket is delivered with 5 meter cable, so it is possible to have the battery with the switch and indicators inside a lifeboat, while the antenna and electronics are outside.
3.1.3 Using Outside Lifeboat bracket, 93494:
If Tron ARR is mounted with the Outside Lifeboat Bracket, the Tron ARR can be mounted similar to the other lifeboat bracket. This bracket is not delivered with a cable since the battery is attached directly to the Tron ARR here. A lanyard secures the Tron ARR from falling out of the bracket. This bracket is made of anodised aluminium. In emergency, it is required that the user need to activate the unit before put it in this bracket.
3.2
Powered by external power source (12 v)
It is a special filter mounted inside the Tron ARR to withstand spikes from external power sources as outboard/inboard engines with alternators. All these installations requires an external switch to the power source or can be connected to be activated with the ignition on a boat. Below is a schematic of how this connection is done:
Table showing what to connect were: Color: Funktion: Yellow Battery + 12V DC Can be connected through a switch to 12 V DC or the switch can be placed between the Green an Brown cable Green Switch connected to Brown, or can be grounded if the switch is connected in series with the power supply (Yellow) Brown - Switch connected to Green unless the switch is connected in series with power supply (Yellow) -Battery 0V DC (ground -) White If a LED is connected to indicate hit by radars, the positive end of a LED is connected here (Long leg) Grey Can be attached to a buzzer, but the not recommended if the boat has lot of “electrical noise” that can activate the Tron ARR
3.2.1 Mounted on mounting flange, w/ 7m cable, 92936 Tron Arr can be mounted with this bracket if used on RIB boats or others with targa as seen on picture below.
3.2.2 Mounted on bracket with 1”x14 thread, 81836 Tron Arr can be mounted with this bracket if used on sailing boats or others using a bracket that can be fitted on standard 1”x14 thread used for antennas etc. Bracket with this thread is widely available. Delivered with 7 meter cable
4.
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
4.1 Battery powered 4.1.1 Activating the Tron ARR Pull locking pin on the battery unit’s switch and make sure that the switch enters the «ON» position. an audible «beep» will be heard and the indicator led will start to flash. When the Tron ARR is within range of an active 3 cm radar, the internal loudspeaker (Buzzer) will be activated.
4.1.2 Deactivating the Tron ARR 1. Move the switch to the «off» position. 2. Replace the locking pin.
4.2 Power by external 12v source 4.2.1 Activating the Tron ARR • •
If connected to the boats ignition it will automatically be turned on when starting the engine. The indicator led (If connected) will start to flash. If connected through a switch, turn this ON The indicator led (If connected) will start to flash.
4.2.2 Deactivating the Tron ARR - Turn off the engine (If connected throught the ignition) - Set the external Switch to “OFF” (if connected through a switch)
4.3
Testing the Tron ARR
Test of the Tron ARR is done using the ships own 3 cm radar. The radar display will show different patterns depending on the range to the transponder.Figure C shows details of the radar display. Note that the examples shown are typical and will vary with the radar performance (height, power output and sensitivity). With the transponder located close to the radar the signals will appear as a ring on the radar display. The ring may be broken in some sectors, depending on ship construction and other obstacles, and does not indicate an error in the transponder.Placing it further away will reduce the signals to 1 dot on the radar display, showing the distance and direction to the transponder. 1. a) Hold the switch on the Tron ARR battery unit in the «TEST» position. (Battery powered) b) Turn the Tron ARR “ON” with the Switch (Ignition or external) 2. Simultaneously a person should observe the radar display to check for correct pattern. 3. the test should preferably be done in open sea to avoid interference on the radar display from land echoes.
Figure A Typ. display w/Tron ARR located near (<0.2 nm) the radar. Radar range is 10 nm, rings are off. The response is a ring on the radar display.
Figure B Typ. display w/Tron ARR located close (≈1nm) to the radar. Radar range is 10 nm Rings are at 2 nm The response is a stretched point on the display.
Figure C Typ. display w/Tron ARR located away (>2 nm) from the radar. Radar range is 10 nm Rings are at 2 nm The reponse is as a normal reflection
If LED is flashing with long flash, but no indication on the display, check the following: 1. Range of the radar – select correct range 2. Radar sensitivity 3. Are you to close to land, or other ships, so you can’t differentiate the boat with TronARR from other objects? If all above is correct, but still no indication on the radar display, may indicate that the Tron ARR need to be calibrated by JOTRON.
5.
MAINTENANCE
Jotron Tron ARR is a Active radar reflector designed for challenging environment. With the battery attached, it can withstand high G-forces, like when being thrown into the water from 20 m height. Therefore, very little maintenance is needed to get a long life of enhanced radar visibility. There are a few points worth noting described here:
5.1 Maintenance : • • •
5.2
Keep the antenna clean – wash with fresh water if lots of salt is attached to the antenna. Do not paint – Paint can reduce sensitivity and power output from the Tron ARR. Check that screw ring is tightened – Just tighten with your hand, do not use tools.
Battery replacement (If equipped)
Disconnect the old battery unit and replace with a new one. BATTERY UNIT X-96974
O-RING X-90624
6.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
6.1
Electrical specifications
Frequency: X-band (3 cm) (9.2 - 9.5 GHz) Temperature range: o Operating: -20 to +55 C o Storage: -30 to +65 C Radiated power: > 400 mW e.i.r.p (+26 dBm) Sweep type: 1 sweep sawtooth type Forward 7.5 us ±1 µs Return 0.4 us ±0.1 µs starts with return sweep. Receive sensitivity: Better than -50 dBm e.r.s. Response delay: Max 0.5 µs Antenna pattern: Horizontal polarisation. Omnidirectional radiation in the horizontal plane. Greater than ±12.5 degrees elevation angle in the vertical plane. (Option)Battery capacity: 96 hours standby +8 hours continuous operating when activated by o a radar with 1 kHz prf at -20 C. 4 years storage.
6.2
Mechanical specifications
Materials used: Transponder housing: Polycarbonate with 10% glass. (Option) Bracket, 92936 & 81836 : POM (Option) Universal Bracket, 1”x 14: Stainless Steel, A4 Dimensions Transponder: Max diameter: Length(w/Mounting Flange, 92936: Length(w/ Battery) Weight(w/ Battery)
85 285 370 1050
mm mm mm g
Transponder with standard storage bracket (If equipped w/ battery): Max diameter: 96 mm Length: 376 mm
6.2.1 Layout of bracket 92936
