Zigbee Based Boat Monitoring And Border Alert System By Using Gps

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International Conference on Modern Engineering & Emerging Technology- 2016 (INC MEET’16) ZIGBEE BASED BOAT MONITORING AND BORDER ALERT SYSTEM BY USING GPS 1 2 3 4 Jayahari. V , Mahendran. M , Karuna .S , Akhil .E 1. 4/99 M Kollapatty, S Kollapatty Post, Salem 636005, Dhirajlal Gandhi College of Technology, [email protected] 2. 154/4 Ramagoundanoor, Kattuvalavu, Mallamoopampatty, Salem 636002, Sona College of Technology, [email protected] 3.1-1/184, K.K Nagar (opp) Mahan Nagar, Salem - 636030 ,Sona College of Technology, [email protected] 4. 15/7 Avvaiyar Street, Subramani Nagar, Suramangalam, Salem 636006, Sona College of Technology, [email protected] ABSTRACT Increasing tensions across the Indian and Sri Lankan borders caused much havoc among the two countries. In this paper, the proposed concept is to protect the fisher men crossing the border and guides them to go in a right path and save their life. The proposed idea helps in locating the Fishing boat. The GPS system is the latest technology which helps us in identifying the Fishing boat either inside or outside the border. This information is transmitted by using zigbee wireless network to the base station. Then by detecting the latitude and longitudinal position of the Fishing boat, the base station detect the present area of the Fishing boat and send control signal to the Fishing boat using wireless mode to guide the vehicle if the boat is out from the border. If it crosses the limit, the warning alarm is ringing and it turns off the running motor of the boat. Thus the boat may be automatically off and the boater may easily understand the situation. Key Words: Zigbee, GPS, Latitude and longitudinal 1. INTRODUCTION Global Positioning system (GPS) provides a wide range of navigation and timing services. Zigbee technology, it can be used for border safety, tracking of boats and ships in the oceans and in the seas. The current issue of Indian fishermen being abducted by the Srilankan fleet is of serious concern. This paper serves as a benefit for these people where a GPS system is attached to the boat which in turn is connected to buzzer and motor drive. The GPS receives the graphical location of the boat in the sea and then triggers a relay and switch off the boat motor. If the border of the country is crossed by the boat. Topographic location of a country’s border can be obtained with the information of the latitude and longitude of the place and location of the boat. The additional advantage from the existing border alert systems that are already imparted is that, the interlock of the zigbee Technology where minute by minute position of the boat can be received to base station. But, previous systems employed IR radiations which proved to be quite disadvantageous and difficult to use. The paper uses a GPS module, ZIGBEE, microcontrollers and a buzzer system to alert the fishermen. The existing system is an inexpensive maritime border crossing alert system mainly focused on the small scale fisherman who lives just near to the poverty line. This system includes data collection unit, processing unit, controlling unit and transmission unit. The data collection unit consists of location recognition components like GPS receiver and other components attached in the boat that contains the boat localization by collecting the geological positions. The processing unit holds the set of latitude and longitude values of the sea in the form of databases that can be used for comparing the present boat position with legal border limits. The controlling unit displays the boat position by using LCD display and alert to the fisherman through the alarm and turn off the boat motor if the boat crossed the border. The transmission unit sends the position of the boat in the sea to the base station through the zigbee transceiver. 2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 21 International Conference on Modern Engineering & Emerging Technology- 2016 (INC MEET’16) The proposed architectural design consists of a GPS and ZIGBEE. They are interfaced to the 8051 Microcontroller. Dc motor is connected to the microcontroller by using relay. The GPS tracked in the base station, the location of the boat is monitoring through the PC. POWER SUPPLY GPS RECEIVER ZIGBEE MODULE LCD RELAY BUZZER L293D MOTOR AT89C51 Fig1: Block diagram for proposed system (boat side). ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER RS232 PC satellites can calculate its position in three dimensions. B.8051 MICROCONTROLLER The 8051 Microcontroller chip INTELAT89C51 used in the project. The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4 Kbytes of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM). The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer provides a highly flexible and inexpensive solution to many embedded control applications. The main use of this microcontroller is to take the data from the GPS device and transfer the information to the microcontroller. The information is stored in the microcontroller EPROM and then depending on the border information the alarm circuit is triggered and this alerts the people and the relay is tripped for switch off the boat motor. The information is also sent to the base station. Fig2: Block diagram for proposed system (base station). A.GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM) The Global Positioning System is space based satellite navigation system that provides position and time information in all endure conditions. The two parts of the GPS is transmitter and receiver. The transmitter used to track the location with the help of information from satellite. The satellite information is taken and this is sent to the receiver where the exact longitude and latitude of the place is found. The working of GPS is explained as follows. First, the signal is transmitted to the satellites and the time taken for transmission is calculated. Depending on the time taken, the latitude and longitude information is stored into the receiver. Each GPS satellite transmits data that indicates its location and the current time. All GPS satellites coordinate operations so that these repeating signals are transmitted at the same time. The signals, moving at the speed of light, enter at a GPS receiver at slightly different times because some satellites are left than others. The distance to the GPS satellites can be determined by calculating the amount of time it takes for their signals to reach the receiver. When the receiver calculates the distance to at least four GPS Fig 3: Pin diagram of 8051 microcontroller C.ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER 22 International Conference on Modern Engineering & Emerging Technology- 2016 (INC MEET’16) Zigbee is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols used to create personal area networks. ZigBee is based on an IEEE 802.15 standard. Though low powered, ZigBee devices can transmit data over long distances by transient data through inter mediate devices to reach more distant ones, creating a mesh network. ZigBee is used in applications that require only a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking. ZigBee has a defined rate of 250 Kbit/s, best suited for periodic or alternating data or a single signal transmission from a sensor or input device. Applications include wireless light switches, electrical meters with in home-displays, traffic management systems, and other consumer and industrial equipment that require short-range wireless transfer of data at relatively low rates. The technology defined by the ZigBee specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANs, such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. ZigBee networks are secured by 128 bit symmetric encryption keys. D. ALARM CIRCUIT: Buzzer is used to identify that the vessel has crossed the border. Under normal conditions, i.e., when boat is within country’s border, current flows through emitter. And hence, buzzer is not activated. When boat crosses border, circuit is closed and current flows to buzzer. Thus alarm is generated. Fig 4: Relay circuit G.RS232 COMMUNICATION RS-232 is a standard for serial binary data interconnection between a DTE (Data terminal equipment) and a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment). It is commonly used in computer serial port. In PC the transmitting data is given to R2IN of MAX232 through transmitting pin of 9 pin D type connector which converts the RS232 level to 5v TTL/CMOS level. The R2OUT pin is connected to receiver pin of the microcontroller. Likewise the data is transmitted and received between the microcontroller and PC or other device vice versa. E.DISPLAY UNIT A LCD display is used for displaying the latitude and longitude position of the boat. LCD display is connected to port 1 of the Microcontroller. Every pin of port 1 is connected to LCD display. Message is sent through commands via serial Communication. F. RELAY SWITCH CIRCUIT Relays are electromechanical devices that use an electromagnet to operate a pair of movable contacts from an open position to a closed position. The advantage of relays is that it takes a relatively small amount of power to operate the relay coil, but the relay itself can be used to control motors, heaters, lamps or AC circuits which themselves can draw a lot more electrical power. Fig 5: MAX232 circuit In this circuit the MAX 232 IC used as level logic converter. The MAX232 is a dual receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply EIA 232 voltage levels from a single 5v supply. Each receiver converts EIA-232 to 5v TTL/CMOS levels. Each driver converts TLL/CMOS input levels into EIA-232 levels. The microcontroller transmitter pin is connected in the MAX232 T2IN pin which converts input 5v TTL/CMOS level to RS232 level. Then T2OUT pin is connected to reviver pin of 9 pin D type serial connector which is directly connected to PC. 3. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SYSTEM 23 International Conference on Modern Engineering & Emerging Technology- 2016 (INC MEET’16) The architectural of the project were discussed past and the system implementation is discussed below. The main systems to be implemented are the interface the zigbee transceiver, GPS and buzzer with 8051 microcontroller. A.INTERFACING GPS MODULE TO THE 8051 MICROCONTROLLER Fig 6: GPS and LCD interface with 8051 In the above circuit, LCD (Liquid crystal display) data pins are connected to PORT2 of the controller and control pins RS, RW and EN are connected to the P1.0, P1.1 and P1.2 pin respectively. The latitude and longitude values of the location are displayed on LCD. Here pot RV1 is used to adjust the contrast of LCD. The receiver pin of GPS module is connected to the 13th pin of max232 IC and GND pin is connected to ground. Controller RXD pin is connected to the 12th pin of max232. Here max232 IC is used for level conversion. The GPS receiver continuously transmits the data as per the NMEA standards using RS232 protocol. In this NMEA format, the LATITUDE and LONGITUDE values of location are available in GPRMC sentence. In this project LATITUDE and LONGITUDE values are extracted from NMEA format and displayed on LCD. We have to receive the data to the controller form GPS module serially using UART protocol and now extract the latitude and longitude values from the received messages and display them on LCD through the MAX232 IC in the base station. The circuit diagram for zigbee interfaced with PC through the MAX232 IC shown below. In which zigbee module’s data out pin is connected to the 11th pin of MAX232 IC. Data in pin of Zigbee is connected to the 12th pin of the MAX IC. The serial communication port (CONN-D9F) is connected to the MAX232 IC. Fig 7: ZIGBEE interface with MAX232 The circuit diagram for zigbee interface with microcontroller is shown below. In which the RXD and TXD pin of the microcontroller is interfaced with Dout and Din pin of the zigbee transceiver. Operating voltage of zigbee is 3.3V. Fig 8: Zigbee interface with microcontroller C.MOTOR DRIVE INTERFACED WITH MICROCONTROLLER B.INTERFACING ZIGBEE MODULE TO THE MICROCONTROLLER The zigbee transceiver is interfaced with microcontroller in the boat unit and the zigbee module is interfaced with personal computer 24 International Conference on Modern Engineering & Emerging Technology- 2016 (INC MEET’16) Fig 10: Buzzer interface with AT89C51 Fig 9: DC Motor interface with AT89C51 4. WORKING OF PROPOSED SYSTEM We can easily control the switching of L293D using a microcontroller. L239D can provide a maximum current of 600mA from 4.5V to 36V while L293 can provide up to 1A under the same input conditions. All inputs of these ICs are TTL compatible and clamp diode is provided with all outputs. They are used with inductive loads such as relays solenoids, motors etc. L293D contains four Half H Bridge drivers and are enabled in pairs. EN1 is used to enable pair 1 (IN1-OUT1, IN2-OUT2) and EN2 is used to enable pair 2 (IN3-OUT3, IN4-OUT4). We can drive two DC Motors using one L293D, but here we are using only one. You can connect second DC Motor to driver pair 2 according to your needs. In Our proposed idea helps in locating the Fishing boat using GPS system. The GPS system is the latest technology which helps us in identifying the Fishing boat either inside or outside the border. GPS receiver receives the boat position with the help of latitude and longitude from satellite through GPS antenna and sends the information to the microcontroller. This information is transmitted using zigbee transceiver to the base station. Then by detecting the latitude and longitudinal location of the Fishing boat, the base station monitor the present area of the Fishing boat and send command signal to the Fishing boat using wireless mode to guide the vehicle if the boat is out from the border. The command signal send from base station through the zigbee transceiver interface with the personal computer. Microcontroller receives the data from the GPS receiver through UART. The data received contains many details along with latitude and longitude. The latitude and Longitude of the current position is separated from the detailed data from GPS. The current positions are compared with already stored latitude and longitude of countries boundary locations. The first level of security is when the boat/ship approaches the National borders and the second alarm is triggered when the national borders are crossed and when the boat by unauthorized means enter the International borders. At this time the 89C51 Microcontroller sends the signal to the alarm circuit and it is triggered and it switches off the running motor of the boat. In our project we used dc motor interface with microcontroller through the motor drive L293D.Microcontroller displays the latitude and longitude on the LCD display. The ZIGBEE technology also helps us to communicate from both the ends i.e., the base station and Fishing D.INTERFACING ALARM CIRCUIT TO THE 8051 MICROCONTROLLER The circuit is one of the main Parts of the security system. The circuit is triggered only when a certain longitude and latitude is matched with the border's Value that is already stored inside the EPROM. Buzzer is an electronic device that converts the electronic signal into buzzing noise that is applied to it. The port P1 of the microcontroller is connected to buzzer. This type of connection is possible, if the current requirements of the buzzer are not more than 20mA. The output is in current source mode so that buzzer will turn ON when the output of the port is logic LOW. 25 International Conference on Modern Engineering & Emerging Technology- 2016 (INC MEET’16) boat. Hence with the both improved technologies, it can be saved the human life from danger. 5. BOUNDARY LOCATIONS The maritime boundary between Sri Lanka and India in the Bay of Bengal shall be arcs of great circles between the following positions, in the sequence given below, defined by latitude and longitude: Positions Positions 1 Positions 2 Positions 3 Positions 4 Latitude 12° 05'.0 N 12° 05'.8 N 12° 08'.4 N 12° 33' 0 N longitude 82° 03'.0 E 82° 05'.0 E 82° 09'.5 E 82° 46'.0 E Table 1: The maritime boundary between Srilanka and India A.MARITIME BOUNDARY INDIA AND SRI LANKA: to rough conditions of the sea (or) intentional crossing of the border is done, then the information is immediately sent to the border security and the necessary action is taken. REFERENCES: [1] Ahmed.M, Ajaz.S, Asim.M, Ozair.M, Siddiqui.M, Mushtaq.Z, “Autonomous Vehicle Monitoring and Tracking System” SCONEST 2005. Pp.1 3, 2005. [2] http://www.Keil.com/ baudratespossiblewiththe8051.html. [3] ARM based fishing boat security System. [4] GPS-based vessel position monitoring and display system. Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE, Jul 1990. www.falcomusa.com. BETWEEN The boundary points are marked above. These points stored in microcontroller. The computation is done in microcontroller with these points. [5] [6] A. Michalski, J. Czajewski, The accuracy of the global positioning systems, IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, vol. 7 (1), pp. 56–60, 2004. [7] http://earth.google.com/. [8] M. Diaz, ‘Integrating GPS receivers into consumer mobile. Fig 11.Maritime boundary points between India and Srilankan 6. CONCLUSION The proposed paper of zigbee based boat monitoring and border alert system by using zigbee using GPS and ZIGBEE has proven to be a low-cost project. The project also aims at providing peace at the borders and reduces the tensions between the two countries. The proposed system's architecture is reliable and robust. The system will provide high accuracy and high precision values of the Latitude and Longitude. The system proposed will not only alert the fishermen but also carries the information to the base station through the ZIGBEE transceiver. In case the boat is lost due 26